Chapter 27

_FOREIGN BLOOD_

_Resume_ of Chinese historical development--General lines of Chinese advance--Methods of Chinese colonization--Equal pedigree claims of half-Chinese states--Tsin and Ts'i were even more ancient than orthodox China--Degree of foreignness in Ts'u-Ts'u native words and music--Ts'u peculiarities-Succession laws in Ts'u and Lu compared--Further evidence of Ts'u's foreign ways--Beards-- Titles, posthumous and other--Ts'u admits her own savagery--Ts'u's claim to the Nine Tripods--Ts'u and the Chou rites--Ts'u's gradual civilization--Confucius' admiration of Ts'u--Confucius' style in speaking of barbarians--Distinction between "beat" and "battle"-- German distinctions of rank compared with Chinese--The historical honour of "naming"--Vagueness of testimony and the way to test evidence.