United Kingdom

An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England

*1. The Geography of England.*--The British Isles lie northwest of the Continent of Europe. They are separated from it by the Channel and the North Sea, at the narrowest only twenty miles wide, and at the broadest not more than three hundred.

Chapters

21. Chapter 21

*78. The Rise of Trade Unions.*--One of the most manifest effects of the introduction of the factory system was the intensification of the distinction between employers and empl...

16. Chapter 16

*36. National Affairs from 1461 to 1603.*--The close of the fifteenth and the opening of the sixteenth century has been by universal consent settled upon as the passage from one...

19. Chapter 19

*55. National Affairs from 1760 to 1830.*--The seventy years lying between these two dates were covered by the long reign of George III and that of his successor George IV. In t...

15. Chapter 15

*27. National Affairs from 1338 to 1461.*--For the last century or more England had been standing with her back to the Continent. Deprived of most of their French possessions, e...

20. Chapter 20

*66. National Affairs from 1830 to 1900.*--The English government in the year 1830 might be described as a complete aristocracy. The king had practically no powers apart from hi...

11. Chapter 11

*1. The Geography of England.*--The British Isles lie northwest of the Continent of Europe. They are separated from it by the Channel and the North Sea, at the narrowest only tw...

12. Chapter 12

*8. The Mediæval Village.*--In the Middle Ages in the greater part of England all country life was village life. The farmhouses were not isolated or separated from one another b...

18. Chapter 18

*49. National Affairs from 1603 to 1760.*--The last three rulers of the Tudor family had died childless. James, king of Scotland, their cousin, therefore inherited the throne an...

14. Chapter 14

*19. Markets and Fairs.*--Within the towns, in addition to the ordinary trading described in the last chapter, much buying and selling was done at the weekly or semi-weekly mark...

13. Chapter 13

*14. The Town Government.*--In the middle of the thirteenth century there were some two hundred towns in England distinguishable by their size, form of government, and the occup...

17. Chapter 17

A discussion of the legal character of villain tenure in the sixteenth century will be found in articles by Mr. I. S. Leadam, in _The English Historical Review_, for October, 18...

10. Chapter 10

6. Chapter 6

9. Chapter 9

8. Chapter 8

5. Chapter 5

1. Chapter 1

4. Chapter 4

7. Chapter 7

2. Chapter 2

3. Chapter 3