Chapter VI, 158 _et seq.

Chapter 123,943 wordsPublic domain

Manannan mac Lir, lord of Irish Hades, 263, 295 Manawyddan, British deity, 263, 295 Mandan Sioux Indians, creation myth of, 182 Mani, Polynesian god, myth of, 142 Mannhardt, his defection from the philological school, 53; his method, 54; Frazer's method founded on that of, 75; on vegetation spirits, 79 Maoris, their myth of original man, 148 Marett, Dr R. R., on myth as non-explanatory, 15 _n_.; on pre-animistic beliefs, 23 _et seq._; his _Threshold of Religion_, 88; on the 'religious' in animism and mythology, 88; on etiological myths, 89 Marine deities, 125 Maya, belief in destruction by fire among, 139; culture myth of, 150; fire myth of, 152 Mars, as agricultural god, 124 May-time ceremonies in Scotland, 248 _et seq._ Medico-religious practice, 300 Medieval mythology, 43 Melanesians, their myth of origin of man, 148; culture myth of, 150 Mercury, Roman deity, 32, 237, 294 Merodach, Babylonian god, 167, 283, 288-289; as sun-god, 120; defeats Tiawath, 166; described, 286-287 Metaphysics, savage, 21 Meteorological school of mythology, 51 Meulen, god of Araucanian Indians of Chile, 310, 312 Mexicans, myths of birth of gods of, 144; creation myth of, 147; myth of the origin of heroes of, 149; culture myth of, 150; flood myth of, 153; place of punishment of, 154; star myth of, 156. _See also_ Aztecs Mexican myth, flint-gods in, 26 _et seq._; of Uitzilopochtli, 32; creation myths, 171-172; Heaven, 210-211; Hades, 211; sources of, 263-270; mythology described, 296 _et seq._ Mexico, Payne on mythology of, 84; Mother-goddess in, 98; blood-sacrifice in, 113 Michabo, Algonquin Indian creative god, 139, 177 Mictecaciuatl, wife of Mictlantecutli, 211 Mictlantecutli, lord of the Mexican Hades, 196, 211, 218 Milky Way, in South American myth, 141; as Slavonic path to Heaven, 209; as American Indian route to Paradise, 211-212 Milton, mythology of, 44 Minerva, 278; Ben Jonson mentions, 280; described, 284 Minos, 206 Mithra, Persian deity, 289 Mitra, Hindu deity, 289 Mixcoatl, Mexican god, 124 Mjolnir, hammer of Thor, 294 _Modern Mythology_, Lang's, 66, 71 Mohammed confused with gods, 43 Mohammedans, soul myth of, 152 Monan, deity of Tupi-Guarani Indians, attempts destruction of world, 139, 183 Monotheism, causes of, 30 Moon-gods, 126-127; their qualities, 127; connexion with water, 127; goddess, her connexion with fertility, 127; with love, 127; myths classified, 155-156 Morrigan, Irish war-goddess, 296 Mother-goddess in Mexico, 98 Mound-building in America, 305-306 Moxos Indians, star myth of, 140 Müller, K. O., his view of mythic science, 46 Müller, Professor Max, definition of religion, 14; on character of early thought, 21 _et seq._; his interpretation of myth, 47 _et seq._; 50-51; applied methods of comparative philology to myth, 48; described myth as 'a disease of language,' 48; his critics, 4950; opposed by anthropological school, 52; his theory of effect of gender-terminations upon beliefs regarding natural phenomena, 52; Mannhardt on his theory, 53 Mummification, theory of soul developed from, 79 Mummu, Babylonian monster, 34-35, 166 Mundruku Indians, creation myth of, 183 Murri tribe, fire-stealing myth of, 149 Muskhogean Indians, traditions of, 305 Muyscas Indians, flood myth of, 153; moon myth of, 156 Mysteries, Greek, 19 Myth, definitions of, 11, 12 _et seq._, 87; regarded by some as religious in character, 13, 20, 63, 88; its inter-relation with comparative religion, 14 _et seq_.; elements of, 15 _n._; its relations with history, 15 _n.,_ 34, 42, 58, 90-91, 92; savage and irrational element in, 15, 16, 18 _et seq_., 45, 65, 67, 69-90; editing of, 16, 18, 33-35; and early science, 20; invention of, 21; development of, 30-31, 58; and spirit of sanctity, 32-33; fusion in, 33; purgation of, 33; explanation of, lost, 34; antiquity of, 33-34; causes of its change, 33-34; classification of, 35 _et seq._; distribution of, 35-36; theory of origin of, in one centre, 36; fixity of, 38, 55-56; authenticity of, 39; Christian fathers on, 43; 'psychic' explanation of, 43; scientific treatment of, 46; its comprehension through language, 48, _and see_ Müller; as natural phenomena, 43; 'pragmatical' explanation of, 43; Müller's interpretation of, 50; personalism in, 56; among races of low culture, 56; and natural phenomena, 57; names in, 57-58; its regularity of development, 58; regarded by some as non-religious in character, 61, 68, 87, 92; and ritual, 61, 64, 89, 238; as primitive philosophy, 62; interpreted by allegory, renders ancient forms significant, 62; non-ethical nature of, 64; difference between, and religion, 68; early, not essentially absurd or blasphemous, 69; difference between dogma and, one of degree only, 69; arguments against Lang's conception of, 69; Lang's three stages of, 70; interpretations of, in accordance with contemporary ideas, 70; complexity of, 70; comparison of savage with 'civilized,' 71; stratification theory of, 81-82; survival of, due to grouping, 86; secondary, 90, 238; in early, animals take place of gods, 109; solar, its groundwork, 120; various classes of, 138; and folklore, connexion between, 234; written sources of, 245 _et seq._; in English poetry, 275-281 _Myth, Ritual, and Religion_, Lang's, 66, 67, 83 Mythic law, nature of, 30-31; resolution of materials of, into their original elements, 47; recapitulation of progress of science of, 100-101 'Mythological habit' (interpretation of myth by one method), denounced by Mannhardt, 53 _Mythologie et les fables expliquées par l'histoire, La_, Abbé Banier's, 45 Mythology, function of, 11; and folklore contrasted, 12 _et seq._; definition of, 12 _et seq._; chronological sketch of, 40 _et seq._; in the eighteenth century, 45; symbolic method applied to, 46; comparative, 47; comparative philology and, 47 _et seq._; philological school of, 47-51; described by Müller as 'a disease of language,' 48; anthropological school of, 51; meteorological school of, 51; Spencer's system of, 59-60; takes the place of dogma in early religion, 61; exactitude essential to study of, 65; 'Covent Garden' school of, 75; theory of non-religious nature of, 88; growth of moral and ethical characteristics in, 114-115 _Mythology and Folklore_, Cox's, 223 _Mythology of the Aryan Nations,_ Cox's, 50 Myths, what they explain, 15; ætiological or explanatory, 21, 58, 89; animistic, 31; bird, 31-32; creation, 34-35; connexion between Old and New World, 36; deluge or flood, 56; resemblance between, not necessarily borrowed, 37; borrowing of, 37, 189-192; characteristics of primitive, 37-38; sophisticated, 37-38; method of gauging antiquity of, 38; process of interaction of, 38; thunder and lightning, 51; nature poetry in, 53-54; _solar_, 36; Lang on, 54; Tylor's general thesis regarding, 55; secondary, 62, 90, 238; diffusion of identical, 70; distribution of plots of, 70; dissemination of, 70, 97; details of, represented in ceremonies, 87; comparative tables of, 144-157

NAGAS, Hindu mythical beings, 256 Naman, Irish war-goddess, 296 Namaquas, death myth of, 151 Names, in myth, 57-58; Spencer's theory of, 60; Lang on philological analysis of, 71 Narcissus, 45 Natural phenomena in myth, 43, 57 Navaho Indians, creation myth of, 147; fire-stealing myth of, 149; after-life of, 213 Neevougi, sacred stone of Inniskea, 27 Neith, Egyptian goddess, 127 Nemi, priest of, 76 Neptune, 126 Nergal, Babylonian god of Netherworld, 254, 288 Nét, Celtic war-god, 295 Newhaven, myth of Brounger current in, 26 _New System, or an Analysis of Ancient Mythology_, Bryant's, 46 New Zealanders, fire-stealing myth of, 149; myth of death among, 151 Nibelungs, the, 262 Niflheim, 170, 197 _Nihongi_, Japanese mythic book, 168, 260 Ningphos (Bengal), taboo myth of, 150; death myth of, 151 Nirig, Assyrian war-god, 287 Nokomis, Algonquin Indian Earth-Mother, 134 Normandy peasantry, fire-stealing myth of, 149 Nuada of the Silver Hand, Irish deity, 295 Nusku, Babylonian god, 288 Nut, Egyptian sky-goddess, 165 Nya, ruler of Slavonic Underworld,

OAK, 'animistic repository of thunder,' 94 Odin, Norse god, 45; as thunder-bird, 123; as wind-god, 132; in creation myth, 170; as Wild Huntsman, 197; sacrifices his eye for draught of water, 226; leads Æsir migration, 260; in the Eddas, 261; described, 292 _Odyssey_, the, 257-259 Ogma, Irish deity, 295 Oki, Powhatan deity, 305 Okulam, Chinook myth, 302 Old Harry, spirit, 45 Ops, Latin goddess of fertility or wealth, 134 Oregon Indians, creation myth of, Orestes, his myth etiological, 79 Orinoco tribe, culture myth of, 150 Orion, different conceptions of, 140; constellations of, in South American myth, 141-142; Bakairi idea of, 182 Orithyia, 95 Ormuzd (Ahura Mazda), Persian creative deity, 169 _Orpheus_, Reinach's, 85 _Osiride et Iside_, Plutarch's, 246 Osiris, 135, 218, 220, 246, 285; myth of, built up, 39; as corn-spirit, 113-114, 129-130; his development, 113-114; and dismemberment myth, 143; as Creator, 164 Otherworld, Celtic, 209-210

PACARI TAMPU, Peruvian myth of, 16 Pachacamac, Peruvian thunder-god, 16, 173-174 Pallas Athene, 20; according to Pragmatic, Psychic, and Stoic schools, 43; referred to by Milton, 278; Brigit compared with, 296 Pampas Indians, belief in after-life, 212 Pan, myth of, 132 P'an Ku, Chinese creative deity, 167 Pantheons, causes which modified, 30 Papagos Indians, creation myth of, 147 Paradise, 195 _et seq._ Paraguayans, culture myth of, 150 Passes of Brazil, belief about earth of, 134 Patagonians, belief in after-life, 212 Pawnee Indians, dismemberment myth of, 146; creation myth of, 147; myth to account for customs or rites of, 157 Payne, E. J., his _History of the New World called America_, 84 Pehuenche Indians of South America, 314; whale-goddess of, 314 Pentecost Islanders, dualistic myth of, 146; death myth of, 151 Pentheus, legend of, 243 "Period of the Gods," a cycle of Japanese myths, 260 Peroun, Slavonic god, 28 Persephone, 114; myth of, 129-130, 206, 288, 304 Persians, dualistic myth of, 145; creation myth of, 146; flood myth of, 153; place of reward of, 153 Personality, theory of--_see_ Animism Peruda, Tupi god of generation, 184 Peruvian Indians, their name for Earth-Mother, 134; belief in destruction by fire among, 139; myth of birth of gods among, 144; creation myth of, 147; their myth of origin of man, 148; their myth of origin of heroes, 149; culture myth of, 150; fire myth of, 152; flood myth of, 153; place of punishment of, 154; moon myth of, 156; star myth of, 156 Peruvian myth, 16, 84; sun-god in, 119; Mama-cocha ('Mother Sea') in, 125, 314; Copacahuana (idol) in, 125; creation myth, 173-174; Paradise and Hell in, 212 Pherecydes of Leros, his adjustment of myth to popular belief, 42 Pherecydes of Syros, his treatise on myth, 41-42 Philological school, the, 47-51; its sub-schools, 50; method of, criticized by Lang, 71 Picumnus, 134 Picus, Latin deity, 32, 117 Pillan, Araucanian deity, 308-309, 312 Pilumnus, Latin rural deity, 134 Pirrhua Manca, Peruvian sun-god, 16 Place of punishment, 195 _et seq._; myths of, classified, 154 Place of reward, 195 _et seq._; myths of, classified, 153-154 Plant cults, 93 Pleiades, different conceptions of, 140, 141, 142, 156; Bakairi idea of, 182; Tupi-Guarani idea of, 184 Plutarch, on Egyptian animal deities, 15; his pragmatical explanation of myth, 43; his writings on Egyptian myth, 246 Pluto, ruler of Greek Hades, 45, 206, 218 Podarge, white-footed wind, 133 Poetry, English, myth in, 275-281 Polynesians, dismemberment myth of, 146; myth of origin of man of, 148; death myth of, 151 olyonymy, factor in formation of myth, 48 Polytheism, definition of, 29; strange gods readily adopted in a state of, 34 Pomona, Latin goddess of fruit-trees, 135 _Popol Vuh_, Kiche mythic book, 172, 187, 190; not influenced by Biblical ideas, 188-189; material of, 264; creation story in, 264-265; importance of, 269; English translation of, in _The Word_ by Guthrie, 270 Porphyry on myth, 43 Poseidon, Greek sea-god, 41, 126; as brother of Pluto, 206 'Powers,' Marett's definition of, 24 Prajapati, Indian creative deity, 160-161 _Prehistoric Man_, Wilson's, 306 _n._ Priests, Araucanian, 312 _Primitive Culture_, Tylor's, 55-58 _Primitive Marriage_, McLennan's, 59 Prince, Professor, 271 _Principles of Sociology_, Spencer's, 59 Prithivi, Hindu Earth-Mother, 289 Procris, as dew, 50 Prodicus, his interpretation of myth, 42 _Prolegomena zit einer wissenschäftlicher Mythologie_, Müller's, 46 Prometheus, bird-form of, 123; as fire-stealer, 140; compared with Loki, 293 _Prometheus Unbound_, Shelley's poem, 276 Proserpine and golden bough, 78, 80, 81 Proteus, Gwydion compared with, 296 Ptah, Egyptian creative god, 115, 165, 285 Pueblo Indians, belief in destruction by fire, 139 Punchau Inca, Inca sun-god, 309 Purusha, Indian deity, 159-160 Pyrrha, 178

QUEENSFERRY (Scotland), ceremony of Burry Man at, 135-137 Quetzalcoatl, as agricultural god, 129; in creation myth, 171; as Mexican wind-god, 264-299 Qui-oki, Nottoway god, 305

RA, Egyptian solar deity, 114, 115; as creator in form of Khepera, 163; chief of Egyptian heaven, 199; described, 285 Ragnorök, Norse day of doom, 261 Raini, Mundruku creator, 183 _Ramayana_, the, Hindu epic, 256 _et seq._ Rama, 256 Reinach, Salomon, his works, 84-85, 109 Religion, definitions of, 14; pre-animistic, 23; sacred and frivolous in, 67; difference between myth and, 68; primitive, two great types of, 82 _Religion of the Semites_, Robertson Smith's, 61, 83 Religious sentiment, survival of, 70 _Researches into the Early History of Mankind_, Tylor's, 55 _Revue de l'histoire des religions,_ Tiele's, 65 _Rex Nemorensis_ (King of the Wood), 79 Rhadamanthus, one of the tribunal of the Greek Underworld, 206; ruler of Elysian Fields, 207 Rhea, wife of Cronus, 18, 134, 276, 277 "Rígsmál," Norse mythic book, 262 _Rig-Veda_, Indian sacred book, creation myth in, 159-160 Rites, myths of, classified, 157 Ritual, and myth, 89, 238 _et seq.;_ movements, 239; in folk-belief, 239-240 River Chaco Indians of South America, creation myth of, 183 Romans, their myth of origin of heroes, 149; soul myth of, 152; fire myth of, 152; place of reward of, 153; moon myth of, 156 Round Table, King Arthur's, as the sun, 122 Rudra, Hindu deity, 132, 291; swallows universe, 163 Rumanians, dismemberment myth of, 146 Russians, dismemberment myth of, 146 Rustem, as sun-hero, 122

SABITU, Assyrian sea-goddess, 252, 254 Sacred, idea of the, 33; sacred stones, 27 Sahagun, Father Bernardino, Spanish historian of Mexico, 263-264 Samoyede fetishes, 104-105 _Satapatha Brahmana_, Hindu sacred book, creation myth in, 160 _et seq._ Saturn, Milton on, 277; Keats on, 276-277 Savage and civilized myths compared, 71-72 Savage and irrational element in myth, 15, 16, 45, 51; Tiele on, 65; Lang on, 67 Scandinavian creation myth, 170, 193-194 Schelling, Friedrich, on myth and national development, 46 Science, early, and myth, 20 _et seq._ _Science of Fairy Tales_, Hartland's, 92 _Science of Language_, Sayce's, 223 Scotland, Faust legend variant in, 228-233; fisher beliefs of, 234; boat-language of fishers of, 235; taboo of animal names in, 235; May-time ceremonies in, 240 _et seq._ Sea-gods, 125 Secondary myth, 90; frequently arises out of ritual, 238 Serpent, horned, in American myth, 307 Servius, his allegorical interpretation of the golden bough, 78 _Shaddai_, or _Shedi_ ('my demon'), early form of Yahweh, 74 Shamans, of Chinooks, 303-304 Shamash, Babylonian god, 250, 288 Sheol, Hebrew Hades, 203-204 Shesu-Heru, 198 Shintoism in the _Kojiki_ and _Nihongi,_ 260 _Shropshire Folklore_, Burne's, 226 Shu, Egyptian god, 165; birth of, 163 _Sidhe_ (fairy folk) in Irish myth, 295 Siegfried, 122 Sif, Norse goddess, wife of Thor, 294 Sigfusson, Sæmund, Norse historian, 261 Sigu, deity of Arawak Indians, Sigurd, as sun-hero, 122 Sin, Scandinavian deity, 123 Sin, Babylonian moon-god, 288 _Sir John Rowll's Cursing_, mythological allusions in, 44-45 Sita, Hindu goddess, 256 Siva, Hindu deity, 291 Skasa-it (Robin) in myths of Chinook Indians, 302 Skrymir, Norse giant, 45 Sky, Egyptian ideas regarding, 165 Sky-god, and Lang's 'All-Father' deities, 74 _n_.; European, 89; Sky-Father, 133 Slavonic place of the dead, 207-209 Smith, Professor G. Elliot, theories of, 36-37. 95-100 Smith, William Robertson, his theories regarding myth, 61-64; on the non-religious character of myth, 61 Snorri Sturlason, Norse mythologist, 260 Socrates, on the analysis of divine names, 42 Solar myth, 36; Lang on, 54; its groundwork, 120-122 'Solar' theory, its mythological merits, 120 Solomon Islanders, death myth of, 151 Soma, 256, 291 "Song of Thrym, The," Norse mythic book, 262 Soul, early beliefs about, 22 _et seq.;_ conception of, 59; conception of, not essential to idea of god, 72; myths of, classified, 151-152; search for, among the Chinooks, 303-304; belief regarding, among Araucanian Indians, 313 South America, star myths of, 140-142; creation myths of, 177-179 Southern Cross (constellation), in South American myth, 141; different conceptions of, 184 Southern Indians, death myth of, 151 Spencer, Herbert, his definition of religion, 14; his system of mythology, 59; refutation of his theories by Lang, 60 Spirit, Tylor on, 59, 102; idea of, 102-104; distinction between, and god, 128; idea of, connected with wind or breath, 298 Staden, Hans, on Tupi-Guarani beliefs, 183 Star myths, 140-142; classified, 156 Stars, personification of, 202 Stratification of myth, theory of, 81-82 _Studies in Ancient History_, McLennan's, 59 Subterranean passage, legend of, 227-228 Sun-gods, 118-122; in Peru, 119; later phases of, 119; in Egyptian mythology, 119-120; animistic and anthropomorphic ideas of, 120; myths classified, 155; worship in Mexico, 299-300; in America, 305 Supernaturalism, Marett's definition of, 24 Surya, Hindu deity, 289 Susa-no-o, Japanese deity, 260 Sym Skynar, 45 _Symbolik und Mythologie_, Creuzer's, 46 Synonymy, factor in formation of myth, 48

TABOO, myths of, 143; myths of, classified, 150; of animal names in Scotland, 235 Tacullies, creation myth of, 147 _Taittiriya Brahmana_, Hindu sacred book, creation myth in, 160-161 Tales, children and 'mis-telling' of, 38 Taliesin, ancient British bard, 296 Talmud, the, 204 Tamandare, Tupi-Guarani hero, 183 Tammuz, Babylonian deity, 251, 288 Tangoroa, in Polynesian dismemberment myth, 143 Tapio, forest-god of Finns, 76 Tartarus, region in the Greek Hades, 206 Tawiscara, (Dark One), Huron evil deity, 27, 37, 191 Taylor, Thomas, his translation of Pausanias, 46 Tefnut, Egyptian goddess, 163; birth of, 164 Tempuleague, whale-goddess of the Pehuenche Indians, 314 Tepeyollotl, Mexican god, 134 Termagent or Tyr, Scandinavian deity, 43 Test of recurrence in myth, 32, 47, 91; definition of, 39; Lang on, 71 Tethra, lord of Celtic Underworld, 295 Teutates, 294 Teutonic mythology described, 292 _et seq._ Teutons, dualistic myth of, 145; creation myth of, 147; culture myth of, 150; taboo myth of, 150; fire myth of, 152; flood myth of, 153; place of reward of, 153; place of punishment of, 154; creation stories among, 170; realm of woe of, 196; Valhalla of, 197; mythic writings of, 260-262 Texts, comparative lateness of most traditional, 91 Tezcatlipoca, Mexican deity, 74, 115, 133, 171, 264; as Lord of Night Wind, 132, 297-298 Theagenes of Rhegium, 15; his criticism of myth, 41 Theobiography, or life-history of gods, 63 Thetis supplies Apollo with divine food, 121 Thlinkeet Indians, thunder-god of, 123; myth of birth of god of, 144; beast myth of, 145; dualistic myth of, 146; fire-stealing myth of, 149 Thoms, W. J., his definition of folklore, 223 Thor, Norse deity, 123, 124, 262, 293-294 Thoth, Egyptian deity, 115, 127, 285; commands creation, 165 _Threshold of Religion_, Marett's, 23, 88 Thunder and lightning, myths of, 51 Thunder-gods, 122-124; Andean ideas of, 122; as birds, 123-124; their lightning spears, 123; connected with flint, 124; with rain, 124 Thunderer, supernatural being of Chinook Indians, 301 Tiawath, Babylonian monster, 34-35, 166, 167, 283, 287 Tiele, Cornelius Petrus, his position, 65; on barbarous survivals, 65; on the anthropological school, 65-66 Tien or Shang-ti, Chinese creative deity, 167 Time, reckoning of, anciently regarded as a science, 126-127 Tinneh or Déné Indians (Hare-skins), beast myths of, 145; creation myth of, 147; soul myth of, 152; flood myth of, 153 Titans, Keats on, 277 Tlaloc, Mexican water-god, 171, 299, 309; as ruler of terrestrial Paradise, 196, 210 Tlazolteotl, Mexican goddess, 115 Tobacco, ceremonial use of, among American tribes, 312 Toci, Mexican Earth-Mother, 299 Todas Indians, myth to account for custom or rites of, 157 Tohil, deity of Kiche Indians, 26, 268 Tollan, ancient Mexican city, 264 Toltecs, culture myth of, 150 Tonacaciuatl, Aztec creative goddess, 211 Tonacatecutli, Aztec creative deity, 211 Tonga Islanders, place of reward of, 154 Tootah, thunder-bird of Vancouver Islanders, 123 Torquemada, writer on Mexican myth, 264 Toru-guenket, Tupi moon and principle of evil, 184 Toru-shom-pek, Tupi sun and principle of good, 184 Totemism, definitions of, 28-29; German ignorance of, 85 Totems, British, 28; examples of, in myth, 28; allusion to, in antiquity, 29; Lafitau's interpretation of, 29; Jevons on, 86; development of, into gods, 108-110; animal attributes of, 109; distribution of, among tribal gods, 109; manner of determining, 109; causes which tend to humanize, 110; various methods of fusion of, with the god, 110 Tradition, definition of, 11; use of the term, 13 _n_.; comparative lateness of written, 91; unequal method of recording, 91; interpretation of its testimony, 91; evidence of age in, 91; metamorphoses of, 91 Transition from hunting to agricultural religion, 117 _Tree of Life_, Crawley's, 14 Tree-spirit, in cult of Arician grove, 76; represented by living person, 76 Triduana, St, legend of, 224-227 Trophonius, 121, 206 Tsuki-yumi, Japanese moon-god, 168 Tuatha de Danann (Children of Danu), Celtic deities, 220, 263, 294, 295 _et seq._ Tuonela, Finnish place of dead, 304 Tupi-Guarani Indians, star myth of, 141; dualistic myth of, 146; fire myth of, 152; flood myth of, 153; creation myth of, 183-186 Tutivillus, a fiend, 44 Two Brothers, Egyptian story of, 247-248 Tylor, Sir E. B., definition of religion, 14; his general thesis, 55-56; on language and formation of myth, 56-57; his animistic theory, 58-59 Tyr, Norse deity equated with Jupiter and Zeus, 48 Tzentals, creation myth of, 147 Tzitzimime, Aztec demons, 211

UAPÈS of Brazil, birth of gods myth of, 144, 191-192 Uitzilopochtli, Mexican deity, 32, 264, 298-299; evolved from humming-bird, 32 _n_., 110; evolved from bird totem, 117; as lightning, 123; serpent symbols of, 124; sacrifices to, 198 _Ulmenes_, lesser spirits of Araucanian Indians, 311 Underworld, myths of, classified, 154-155; man originates in, in American myth, 181-182 Undry, cauldron of Dagda, a Celtic deity, 295 Unseen, fear of, 103 Upsala Codex, the, of Younger Edda, 261 Uranus, first monarch of Olympus, 18, 53, 283 Ut-Napishtim, myth of, 252-253

"VAFPRÚTHNISMÅL," the, Norse mythic book, 261 Valhalla, Norse Heaven, 197-198 Varuna, Hindu god, 53, 130, 256, 289 Vasus, 256 Vayu, Hindu deity, 256, 289 Vedas, Hindu sacred books, 255-256; savagery in, 20 Veddah of Ceylon, fetishism among,106 Vedde-Yakko, Cingalese fetish of chase, 106 Vedic Hindus, wind-god of, 132; myth of birth of gods of, 144; fire-stealing myth of, 149; myth of place of reward of, 153 Vegetation spirits, 79; rites, 135-137 Venus, 237; as wife of Vulcan, 279; allusions to, in poetry of Swinburne, Lord de Tabley, and Ben Jonson, 280-281; associated with Ishtar, 288 Vidhatri, Hindu god, 256 Vine, sacred, 94-95 Viracocha, Peruvian water-god, 16 Virgil on the golden bough, 77-78 Vishnu, Hindu deity, 256, 257, 290, 291 _Vishnu Purana_, Hindu sacred book, creation myth in, 161-163 Vivasvat, 256 Volsungs, Teutonic mythical family, 262 "Völuspá," the, Norse mythical book, 261 Vukub-Cakix, 'the great Macaw' in Kiche myth, 172, 265 _et seq._ Vulcan or Hephæstus, as god of fire, 131; referred to by Milton and Ben Jonson, 297

WAÏNAMOÏNEN, Finnish deity, 304 _Wallum-Olum_, mythic book of Lenapé Indians, 245 _Wampum Record_, Algonquin book translated by Prince, 271 Water, its connexion with moon, 127 Wells, holy, 226 Welsh Celts, mythic book of, 262-263 West, as place of the dead, 219 and 313 Westcar Papyrus, 246-247 _Western Isles_, Martin's, 27 Wind connected with spirit or life 298; gods of, 132-133 Wiradthuri tribes, 157 Wizard, 'scoring' a, 28 Women's rites, 243-244 World, creation of, _see_ Chapter VI, 158 _et seq._ Wurm manuscript, of Younger Edda, 261

XBALANQUE, hero-god of Kiche Indians, 265 _et seq._ Xenophanes of Colophon, his criticism of myth, 40-41 Xibalba, Hades of Kiches of Guatemala, 212-213, 266 _et seq._; ruled by secret society, 212-213 Xilonen, Mexican maize-goddess, 299 Ximenez, translator of _Popol Vuh_ into Spanish, 187, 270 Xiuhtecutli, Mexican fire-god, 131, 171 Xmucane, 172 Xolotl, Mexican god, 172 Xpiyacoc, Kiche primeval deity, 172

YAHWEH, god of Hebrews, early form of, 74, 201-202 Yama, 256 Yesumaro, transcriber of Japanese myth, 259 Yetl, thunder-bird (Athapascan), 123, 179 Yibil, Babylonian fire-god, 131 Ymir, Norse earth-giant, 170 _Ynglinga Saga_, the, Norse mythic book, 261 Yorkshire, soul myth in, 152 Yuba Paik, deity of Choctaw Indians, 304 Yurakare Indians, star myth of, 141

ZEALAND, creation of island of, 260 Zephyrs, as west wind, 133 Zeus, Greek deity, birth of, 18; as principle of life, 41; equation of, with Jupiter and Tyr, 48; philological school and his name, 48, 53, 289; as woodpecker, 94; oak the dwelling-place of, 94; father of Apollo, as the sky, 121, 305; father of Hephæstus, 130; casts him from Olympus, 131; transforms the Pleiades into doves, 142; brother of Pluto, 206; as portrayed by Homer, 258; described, 283 Zipacna, earth-giant in Kiche myth, 265 _et seq._ Zootheism, 300, Zulus, creation myth of, 147; myth of origin of man of, 148; culture myth of, 150 Zuñi Indiana, dismemberment myth of, 146; creation myths of, 147, 183; myth of origin of man of, 148

End of Project Gutenberg's An Introduction to Mythology, by Lewis Spence