An Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language in which the words are explained in their different senses, authorized by the names of the writers by whom they are used, or the titles of the works in which they occur, and deduced from their originals

Part 2

Chapter 22,823 wordsPublic domain

Corr. from C. B. _Agned_, _Castel mynyd Agned_; perhaps, q. "the castle of the rifted mount," _agen_, signifying a cliff, _ageniad_, id. _agenedig_, rifted.

AHIND, AHINT, _prep._ Behind, S.

_Buchan Poems._

A. S. _hindan_, post, _aet hindan_, a tergo, _on-hinder_, retrorsum.

AHIND, AHINT, _adv._

1. Behind, in respect of place, S.

2. Late, as to time, S.

3. Applied to what remains, or is left, S.

_Ross._

AICH, _s._ Echo, S. B.

AIGARS, _s._ Grain dried very much in a pot, for being ground in a quern or hand-mill. S. B.

Moes. G. _akran_, Su. G. _aker_, Isl. _akur_, corn; A. S. _aecer_, an ear of corn.

Hence,

AIGAR-MEAL, _s._ Meal made of grain dried in this manner, S.

AIGAR-BROSE, _s._ A sort of pottage made of this meal, S.

To AIGH, _v. a._ To owe, to be indebted; _aighand_, owing, S. B.

Su. G. _aeg-a_, Isl. _eig-a_, debere; Moes. G. _aig-an_, A. S. _ag-an_, habere, possidere.

AIGHINS, _s. pl._ What is owing to one, especially used as denoting demerit. When one threatens to correct a child who is in fault, it is a common expression, "I'll gie you your _aighins_," S. B.

Moes. G. _aigins_, possession.

AIGLET, _s._

1. A tagged point.

_Gl. Sibb._

2. A jewel in one's cap.

_Gl. Sibb._

Fr. _esguilette_, id. q. _aculeata_.

AIK, AYK, _s._ The oak, S. Plur. _akis_, oaks.

_Douglas._

A. S. _ac_, _aec_, Alem. Germ. _eiche_, Su. G. _ek_, Isl. _eik_, quercus.

AIKERIT, _part. adj._ Eared; _weil yaikert_, having full ears; applied to grain, Tweedd, Pron. _yaikert_.

V. ~Aigars~.

AIKRAW, _s._ Pitted warty lichen, L. scrobiculatus, Linn. South of S.

V. ~Staneraw~.

_Lightfoot._

AYLE, _s._

1. A projection from the body of a church, one of the wings of the transept, S.

2. An inclosed and covered burial place, adjoining to a church, though not forming part of it, S.

_Spalding._

Moes. G. and A. S. _alh_, templum.

AILICKEY, _s._ The bridegroom's man, he who attends on the bridegroom or is employed as his messenger at a wedding, Ang.

Su. G. _e_ marriage, and _lackey_, Fr. _lacquay_, a runner.

AIN, _adj._ Own, S.

V. ~Awin~.

AYND, END, _s._ The breath; also written _end_; A. Bor. _Yane_, id.

_Barbour._

Isl. Su. G. _ande_, A. S. _ond_, halitus, spiritus.

_To_ AYND, EAND, _v. a._ To breathe upon.

_Bellenden._

Isl. _and-a_, Su. G. _and-as_, respirare.

AYNDING, _s._ The act of breathing.

_Douglas._

AYNDING-STEDE, _s._ A breathing-place.

_Douglas._

AYNDLESSE, _adj._ Breathless, out of breath.

_Barbour._

AINS, _adv._ Once.

V. ~Anis~.

AIR, AYR, AR, ARE, _adv._

1. Before, formerly.

_Wallace._

2. Early.

_Fell air_, very early in the morning.

_Airer_, compar.; _airest_, superl.

_Wyntown._

_Are morrow_, early in the morning.

_Douglas._

Moes. G. _air_, A. S. _aer_, Alem. _er_, Belg. _eer_, ante, prius; also tempus matutinum.

AIR, _adj._ Early, S.

_Journ. Lond._

AIR, _s._ Expl. "hair, used for a thing of no value."

_Bannatyne Poems._

Isl. _aur_, the smallest thing imaginable.

AIR, AIRE, AYR, AYRE, AR, _s._ An oar; still used, S. B.

_Wallace._

A. S. Alem. _are_, Isl. _aar_, Dan. _aere_, Su. G. _ara_.

AIR, AIRE, AYR, _s._ An heir.

_Barbour._

Moes. G. _arbi_, Su. G. _arf_, Lat. _haeres_, id.

AYRSCHIP, _s._ Inheritance, S.

_Acts Ja. III._

AIR, AYRE, AYR, _s._ An itinerant court of justice; E. _Eyre_.

_Wallace._

Lat. _iter_, O. Fr. _eire_.

AIRN, _s._ Iron, S. _Airns_, pl. Fetters.

Isl. _iarn_, Su. G. _iern_.

V. ~Irne~.

AIRT, ART, ARTH, AIRTH, _s._

1. Quarter of the heaven, point of the compass, S.

_Douglas._

2. A particular quarter of the earth.

_Wallace._

_On every art_, on every hand, on all sides.

_Douglas._

Gael. _aird_, a cardinal point; Germ. _ort_, _wart_, Belg. _oorde_, a place or quarter; Isl. _vart_, Moes. G. _wairths_, versus, towards.

_To_ AIRT, ART, ERT, _v. a._

1. To direct, to mark out a certain course, used with respect to the wind, as blowing from a particular quarter, S.

_Law Case._

2. To give direction or instruction, in order to find out a certain person or place, or any other object, S.

_Sir J. Sinclair._

3. _To airt on_, to urge forward, Galloway.

_Davidson._

AIRT and PART.

V. ~Art~.

AISLAIR, _adj._ Polished, S.

_Abp. Hamiltoun._

AISMENT, AYSYAMENT, _s._ Used in the same sense with E. _easement_, as denoting assistance, accommodation. Fr. _aisement_, commodum.

_Stat. Rob. I._

AIT, oat or oaten.

V. ~Aits~.

_Douglas._

AITS, _s. pl._ Oats, S. _Wild aits_, bearded oat-grass, S. Avena fatua, Linn.

A. S. _ata_, _ate_, avena.

AITEN, _adj._ Oaten, S.

_Ritson._

AITH, AYTHE, _s._ An oath.

V. ~Athe~.

AITH, or AIFTLAND, _s._ That kind of land called _infield_, which is made to carry oats a second time after barley, and has received no dung. Ang.

Perhaps from A. S. _aeft_, iterum.

AITH-HENNES, _s. pl._ Apparently _heath-hens_, as being bred on the heath.

_Skene._

AYSYAMENT, _s._

V. ~Aisment~.

AIZLE, _s._ A hot ember.

V. ~Eizel~.

AKYN, _adj._ Oaken.

_Douglas._

ALAGUST, _s._ Suspicion.

V. ~Allagust~.

ALAIS, _s. pl._ Alleys.

_Wallace._

ALAK,

_Wallace._

V. ~Lak~.

ALAMONTI, ALLAMOTTI, _s._ The storm finch, Procellaria pelagica, Linn. Orkn. The same with the _Assilag_ of St Kilda. _Allamotti_ is the proper pronunciation.

_Neill._

Ital. _ala_, a wing, and _moto_, motion.

ALANE, ALLANE, _adj._ Alone, S.

_Wyntown._

Alem. _alain_, Germ. _allein_, alone; from _all_ omnis, and _ain_, _ein_, unus.

ALANERLIE, _adv._

V. ~Allanerly~.

ALAREIT.

V. ~Lareit~.

ALARS. _Alars yet_, apparently, the gate overspread with alder.

_Palice Hon._

A. S. _alr_, Alem. _ellra_, the alder; Su. G. _alar_, of or belonging to the alder-tree.

ALAWE, _adv._ Downward, below.

V. ~Law~, ~Lawe~.

ALBLASTRIE, _s._ Apparently, the exercise of the cross-bow.

V. ~Awblaster~.

ALCOMYE, _s._ Latten, a kind of mixed metal still used for spoons. Hence, _Accomie spunes_, spoons made of alchymy, S. B.

_Douglas._

From Fr. _alquemie_ or O. E. _alchymy_.

ALD, ALDE, AULD, _adj._ Old, S. Yorks. O. E. _ald_, id.

_Wyntown._

A. S. _eald_, Alem. _alt_, vetus; derived from A. S. _eald-ian_, to remain, to stay, to last, Alem. _alten_, to prolong.

_To_ ALEGE, _v. a._ To absolve from allegiance.

Fr. _alleg-er_, id.

_Wyntown._

ALEUIN, _adj._ Eleven.

_Complaynt S._

ALGAIT, ALGATE, ALGATIS, _adv._

1. Every way.

_Douglas._

2. At all events, by all means.

_Douglas._

O. E. _all gate_, R. Brunne; _all gates_, Chaucer. From _all_, and _gait_, or _gatis_, i. e. all ways.

ALHALE, ALHALELY, _adv._ Wholly, entirely.

_Douglas._

From _all_, and _hale_, _hail_, whole.

ALIENARE, _s._ A stranger.

_Douglas._

Lat. _alien-us_.

ALYA, ALLIA, ALLYA, ALLAY, _s._

1. Alliance.

_Wallace._

2. An ally.

_Acts Ja. VI._

3. Sometimes used as a plural noun, signifying allies.

_Bellenden._

Fr. _allie_, with a Saxon termination.

ALYAND, _part. pr._ Keeping close together.

_Wallace._

Fr. _alli-er_, to join, to knit.

_To_ ALYCHT, _v. a._ To enlighten.

_Douglas._

A. S. _alyht-an_, illuminare; _alyht-nysse_, illuminatio.

ALIST. _To come alist._ To recover from faintness or decay, applied both to animals and vegetables; to recover from a swoon, S. B.

_Ross._

Isl. _lios_, light; _aliost_, the dawn of day; _at koma i liosi_, to make manifest.

ALYTE, _adv._ A little.

V. ~Lite~.

_Lyndsay._

ALLAGRUGOUS, _adj._ Grim, ghastly.

_Journ. Lond._

Perhaps from _all_, Moes. G. _alla_, and _gruous_, ghastly, q. v.

ALLAGUST, _s._ Suspicion.

_Journ. Lond._

Fr. _a le goust_, has a taste or smack.

_To_ ALLAYA, _v. a._ To ally.

_Complaynt S._

Fr. _alli-er_.

ALLANERLIE, ALANERLY, ALLENARLY, _adv._ Only, solely, S.

From _all_, and _anerly_, only.

_Reg. Maj._

ALL ANYS, _adv._ Together, in a state of union.

_Wallace._

From _all_, A. S. _eall_, and _anes_, the genit. of _an_ unus, q. all of one.

ALLARIS, ALLERIS, Common, universal, an old genitive used adjectively. O. E. _alre_, id.

_Wyntown._

A. S. _allera_, genit. pl. of _all_, omnis; Belg. _aller_, id.

V. ~Aller~.

ALLA-VOLIE, ALLE-VOLIE, _adv._ At random, S.

Fr. _à la volée_.

_Philotus._

ALLA-VOLIE, ALLE-VOLIE, _adj._ Giddy, volatile; "An _alle-volie_ chield," a volatile fellow, S.

ALLE-MEN, _adj._ Common, universal.

_Popul. Ball._

Su. G. _all-maen_, communis, Teut. _alle-man_, omnis homo, _al-ghemeyn_, universus.

ALLAR, ALLER, _s._ The alder, a tree, S.

_Statist. Acc._

ALLER, _adv._ Wholly, entirely, altogether. _Aller-hale_, a pleonasm.

_Barbour._

O. E. _alder_, id. often prefixed to a superlative.

V. ~Allaris~.

ALLERIS, _s. pl._ The same with ~Allaris~.

_Douglas._

ALLEVIN, _part. pa._ Allowed, admitted.

_Bannatyne Poems._

A. S. _alef-an_, concedere, permittere; Su. G. _lofw-a_, Moes. G. _laub-jan_, id.

ALLIA.

V. ~Alya~.

ALLYNS, _adv._ Altogether, thoroughly.

_Gawan and Gol._

Su. G. _alleingis_, _allaengis_, A. S. _allinga_, _eallenga_, omnino, prorsus.

ALLKYN, ALKIN, _adj._ All kind of, _Aw kin kind_, S. B.

_Douglas._

A. S. _eall-cyn_, omnigenus.

ALL OUT, _adv._ In a great degree, beyond comparison.

_Barbour._

_To_ ALLOW, _v. a._

1. To approve of, generally with the prep. _of_ subjoined.

_Rollock._

2. To praise, to commend.

_Douglas._

Fr. _allou-er_, approbare, Su. G. _lofw-a_, laudare.

ALLPUIST, APIEST, APIECE, _conj._ Although, S. B. _abies_, Loth.

_Jour. Lond._

Perhaps corr. from _albeit_.

ALLRYN, _adj._ Constantly, progressive, applied to time.

_Barbour._

A. S. _all_ omnis, and _rinn-an_, currere.

ALLSTRYNE, _adj._ Ancient.

_Maitland Poems._

A. S. _ald_, old, and _strynd_, generation, or _stryn-an_, to beget.

ALLTHOCHTE, _conj._ Although.

_Douglas._

A. S. _all_, all, and _thohte_, part. pa. q. "every thing taken into consideration."

V. ~Thocht~.

ALLUTERLIE, ALLUTTERLY, _adv._ Wholly, entirely.

_Douglas._

A. S. _all_ omnis, and _uter_, _utter_, exterior, from _ut_ extra.

ALL-WEILDAND, _adj._ All-governing.

_Wallace._

A. S. _all_, all, and _weald-an_, to govern; Franc. _alluualt_, Isl. _all-valdur_, omnipotent.

ALMANIE WHISTLE, a flagelet of a very small size, used by children, Aberd. Thus denominated, because whistles of this kind were originally imported from _Almanie_, i. e. Germany.

ALMASER, ALMOSEIR, _s._ An almoner, or dispenser of alms.

_Dunbar._

From _Almous_, alms.

ALMERIE, ALMORIE, _s._ Anciently a place where _alms_ were deposited or distributed; in latter times used to denote a press or cupboard, where utensils for house keeping are laid up; the same with E. _ambry_.

_Dunbar._

O. Fr. _almoire_, _aumuire_, A. S. _almerige_, repositorium, scrinium.

ALMOUS, ALMOWS, AUMIS, _s._ Alms, S. _Almesse_, O. E.

_Wyntown._

A. S. _almes_, _almesse_; Sw. _almosa_; Gr. ελεημοσυνα.

ALPE, _s._ An elephant. _Alpes bon_, ivory.

_Gl. Complaynt S._

A. S. _elp_, Lat. _eleph-as_; Heb. _alaph_, bos.

ALQUHARE, ALLQUHARE, _adv._ Every where.

_Douglas._

From _all_, and _quhare_ where.

ALRY, _adj._

For its different senses, V. ~Elrische~.

ALRYNE, _s._ Apparently a watch-tower, or the highest part of a castle.

_Maitland Poems._

Su. G. _hall-a_ defendere, _hallare_ praesidium, _hallarena_ watchmen.

ALS, _conj._ As; generally employed in the first part of a comparison; "_Als_ fers as a lyoun," i. e. "As fierce as a lion."

_Wallace._

From A. S. _ealles_, omnino; or _eall swa_, ita, tam.

ALS, ALSE, _adv._ Also, in the same manner.

V. ~Sua~, ~Alsua~.

_Barbour._

A. S. _eall swa_, etiam.

ALSAME, ALSAMEN, _adv._ Altogether.

_Douglas._

From A. S. _eall_ all, and _same_ together. Alem. _alsamen_, simul.

ALSMEKLE, _adv._ As much.

_Acts Ja. I._

From _als_, and _mekle_, much, great.

ALSONE, _adv._ As soon, with _as_ subjoined.

_Barbour._

Properly _als sone_, A. S. _eall swa sona_.

ALSUA, _adv._ Also.

_Barbour._

A. S. _alswa_, sicut.

ALSWYTH, _adv._ Forthwith.

_Barbour._

From _all_, and _swith_, quickly, q. v.

ALUTERLY, _adv._

V. ~Alluterlie~.

ALWAIES, ALWAYIS, _conj._ Although; notwithstanding, however.

_Bellenden._

AMAILLE, _s._ Enamel.

_King's Quair._

Fr. Belg. _email_, Dan. _amel_; Teut. _mael-en_ pingere, A. S. _mael_, imago.

AMAIST, _adv._ Almost, S. _ameast_, Westmorel.

_Ross._

A. S. _ealmaest_, Belg. _almeest_, id.

AMANG, AMANGIS, _prep._

1. Among; _amang_, S. Westmorel.

_Wyntown._

2. At intervals, occasionally.

_Barbour._

A. S. _meng-an_, Su. G. _maeng-a_, Isl. _meng-a_, to mix, to blend.

AMBASSATE, AMBASSIAT, _s._ An embassy, as denoting the persons sent considered collectively.

_Douglas._

Fr. _ambassade_, id.

AMBRY, _s._ A press in which the provision for the daily use of a family in the country is locked up, S.

V. ~Almerie~.

_To_ AMEISE, AMESE, AMEYSS, _v. a._ To mitigate, to appease.

_Barbour._

Franc. _mezz-an_, Germ. _mass-en_, moderari, mitigare; C. B. _masw_, soft.

AMENE, _adj._ Pleasant.

_Douglas._

Lat. _amoen-us_, id.

AMERAND, _adj._ Green, verdant; probably written _ameraud_.

_Douglas._

From the colour of the emerald, Fr. _emeraud_.

AMERIS, AUMERS, _s. pl._ Embers; aumers, S. B.

_Douglas._

A. S. _aemyria_, Belg. _ameren_, Isl. _eimyria_, favilla.

AMYRALE, _s._ An admiral.

_Wyntown._

Fr. _amiral_; Arab. _amir_, a lord, _ameer al omrah_, prince of the princes.

_To_ AMIT, _v. a._ to admit.

_Wallace._

AMMELYT, _part. pa._ Enamelled.

_Douglas._

Fr. _emaill-er_, L. B. _amayl-are_, id.

_To_ AMMONYSS, _v. a._ To admonish, to counsel.

V. ~Monesting~.

_Barbour._

AMORETTIS, _s. pl._ Loveknots, garlands.

_King's Quair._

Fr. _amourettes_, love-tricks, dalliances, Cotgr.

_To_ AMOVE, AMOW, _v. a._ To move with anger, to vex, to excite.

_Wyntown._

Fr. _emouv-oir_, id.

AMOUR, _s._ Love.

_Douglas._

Fr. id. Lat. _amor_.

AMSCHACH, _s._ A misfortune. S. B.

_Ross._

Ir. Gael. _anshogh_, adversity, misery.

AMSHACK, _s._ Noose, fastening; probably the same with ~Ham-shackel~, q. v.

_Gl. Sibb._

_To_ AN, _v. a._

1. To appropriate, to allot as one's own.

_Sir Tristrem._

2. To owe, to be indebted to.

_Sir Trist._

Su. G. _egn-a_ proprium facere, from _egen_ proprius; A. S. _agnian_ possidere, from _agen_ proprius.

AN, AND, _conj._

1. If, S. "_If_, and _An_, spoils mony a gude charter," S. Prov.

_Barbour._

2. Sometimes used as equivalent to E. _although_.

_W. Guthrie._

Su. G. _aen_ si, et; Isl. _end_, id.

_To_ ANALIE, _v. a._ To dispone, to alienate; a juridical term.

_Reg. Maj._

By transposition from Lat. _alien-are_.

ANALIER, _s._ One who alienates property, by transporting it to another country. Lat. _alien-ator_.

_Stat. Rob. I._

_To_ ANAME, _v. a._ To call over names, to muster.

_Wyntown._

_To_ ANARME, ANNARME, _v. a._ To arm.

_Acts Ja. I._

ANCLETH, HANCLETH, _s._ The ancle.

_Gl. Sibb._

AND, _conj._

V. ~An~.

ANE, _adj._ One, S.

_Barbour._

Moes. G. _ain_; A. S. _an_, _ane_; anc. Su. G. _an_; mod. Su. G. _en_; Isl. Germ. _ein_; Belg. _een_, id.

ANE, _article_, signifying one, but with less emphasis.

_Barbour._

_To_ ANE, _v. n._ To agree, to accord. Pret. _anyd_.

_Wyntown._

Germ. _ein-en_, concordare, convenire; Su. G. _en-a_, firmiter aliquid proponere; Isl. _eining_, unio; Su. G. _enig_; Germ. _einig_. concors.

ANEABIL, _s._ A single woman; properly one who is used as a concubine.

_Reg. Maj._

O. Fr. _anable_, habile, capable, convenable, from L. B. _inhabil-is_, valde habilis; Gl. Roquefort.

ANEDING, _s._ Breathing.

V. ~Aynd~, _v._

_Barbour._

ANEFALD, _adj._ Honest, acting a faithful part, the same with ~Afald~.

_Douglas._

ANELIE, _adv._ Only.

_R. Bruce._

ANELYD, _part. pa._ Aspired; literally, panted for.

_Wyntown._

Fr. _anhel-er_, to aspire after; Lat. _anhel-are_, L. B. _anel-are_.

ANENS, ANENST, ANENT, ANENTIS, _prep._

1. Over against, opposite to, S.

_Barbour._

2. Concerning, about, in relation to; still used by old people, S.

_Acts Ja. I._

Gr. αναντι, oppositum; A. S. _ongean_, ex adverso.

_To_ ANERD, ANNERE.

V. ~Anherd~.

ANERLY, ANYRLY, _adv._ Only, alone, singly. Hence _allanerly_.

_Barbour._

A. S. _anre_, tantum; Germ. _einer_, solus, from _an_ and _ein_, unus.

ANERLY, ANERLIE, _adj._ Single, solitary; only.

_G. Buchanan._

ANETH, _prep._ Beneath, S.

_Bord. Minstrelsy._

A. S. _on_ in, and _neothan_, deorsum; Isl. _nedan_, Belg. _neden_. Su. G. _ned_. id.

ANEUCH, _adv._ (gutt.) Enough, S.

_Dunbar._

A. S. _genog_, _genoh_, satis, deduced by H. Tooke from _genog-an_, multiplicare; perhaps rather from Moes. G. _janoh_ multi, many.

ANEWIS, _s. pl._ "Budding flowers," Tytler.

_King's Quair._

Perhaps rings, from Fr. _anneau_, annulus.

ANGELL-HEDE, _s._ The hooked or barbed head of an arrow.

_Wallace._

A. S. Dan. Germ. _angel_, a hook, an angle; Teut. _anghel_, a sting, O. Teut. _anghel-en_, to sting.

ANGIR, _s._ Grief, vexation.

_Wyntown._

Gr. ἀγγρις, grief; Isl. _angr_, dolor, moeror; Su. G. Isl. _angra_, dolore afficere, deduced by Ihre from _aung-a_ premere, arctare.

_To_ ANHERD, ANERD, ANNERE, ENHERDE, _v. n._ To consent, to adhere.

_Wyntown._

A. S. _anhraed_, _anraed_, signifies constans, concors, unanimis; apparently from _an_ one, and _raed_ counsel. But I find O. Fr. _enherdance_ rendered by Roquefort, adherence, attachment. Lat. _inhaerere_, to cleave, or stick fast in, or to, is therefore the more probable origin.

ANIEST, _adv._ or _prep._ On this side of, Ayrs.; q. "on the nearest side." This is opposed to _Adist_, _adiest_, on that side.

A. S. on _neawiste_, in vicinia, prope ad; or _on_ and _neahst_ proximus, from _neah_ near, E. _nigh_.

ANYD, _pret._ Agreed.

V. ~Ane~, _v._

ANYNG, _s._ Agreement, concord.

_Wyntown._

ANIS, ANYS, AINS, _adv._ Once; pron. as _ainze_, or _yince_, S. _eenze_, S. B.

_Douglas._

The genit. of A. S. _an_, unus, one, _anes_ unius, also rendered semel, q. actio unius temporis.

ANIS, ANNIS, _s. pl._

1. Asses.

_Chron. S. P._

2. Metaphor used for foolish fellows.

_Bannatyne P._

Fr. _asne_, Lat. _asinus_; Su. G. _asna_, Isl. _esne_.

ANYS, the genitive of _Ane_, one.

V. ~Anis~.

ANKER-SAIDELL, HANKERSAIDLE, _s._ A hermit, an anchorite.

_Philotus._

A. S. _ancer-setle_, an anchorite's cell or seat, a hermitage; from _ancer_, a hermit, Lat. _anachoreta_, Gr. αναχωρητης.

ANKERSTOCK, _s._ A large loaf, of an oblong form. The name is extended to a wheaten loaf, but properly belongs to one made of rye, S.

_Gl. Sibb._

Q. an _anchorite's_ stock, or supply; or from some fancied resemblance to the _stock_ of an _anchor_.

ANLAS, _s._ Properly "a kind of knife or dagger usually worn at the girdle," as the term occurs in Chaucer; but used to denote a pike fixed in the cheveron of a horse.

_Sir Gawan._

Franc. _anelaz_, _analeze_, adlaterale telum, from _lez_ latus, the side; C. B. _anglas_, a dagger; L. B. _anelac-ius_, id.

ANN, _s._ A half-year's salary legally due to the heirs of a minister, in addition to what was due expressly according to the period of his incumbency, S.

_Acts Cha. II._

Fr. _annate_, L. B. _annata_.

ANMAILLE, _s._ Enamel.

V. ~Amaille~.

_To_ ANORNE, _v. a._ To adorn.

_Douglas._

L. B. _inorn-are_, Tertullian.

ANSE, ANZE, ENSE, _conj._ Else, otherwise, Ang.

Allied perhaps to Su. G. _annars_ alias.

_To_ ANTER, _v. n._

1. To adventure, S. B.

_Ross._

2. To chance, to happen, S. B.

_Journ. Lond._

3. In the form of a participle, as signifying occasional, single, rare. An _antrin ane_, one of a kind met with singly and occasionally, or seldom, S.

_Ferguson._

To be viewed as the same with ~Aunter~, q. v.

ANTERCAST, _s._ A misfortune, a mischance, S. B.

_Ross._

_Anter_, or _aunter_, adventure, and _cast_, a chance, q. something accidental.

ANTETEWME, _s._ "Antetune, antiphone, response," L. Hailes.

_Bannatyne P._

ANTYCESSOR, ANTECESSOWR, ANTECESTRE, _s._ An ancestor, a predecessor. Lat. _antecessor_.

_Wallace._

APAYN, _part. pa._ Provided, furnished.

_Barbour._

Fr. _appan-é_, having received a portion, _appan-er_ to give a portion, L. B. _apan-are_, id. from _pain_, Lat. _pan-is_, as originally denoting the supply of bread and other necessaries of life.

APAYN, _adv._

1. Reluctantly, unwillingly; sometimes written distinctly, _a payn_.

_Barbour._

2. Hardly, scarcely.

_Wallace._

3. It seems improperly used for _in case_.

_Wallace._

4. Under pain, at the risk of. In editions, _on payn_.

_Wallace._

Fr. _à peine_, "scarcely, hardly, not without much ado," Cotgr.

A PER SE, "An extraordinary or incomparable person; like the letter _A by itself_, which has the first place in the alphabet of almost all languages;" Rudd. Chaucer id.

_Douglas._

APERSMAR, APIRSMART, _adj._ Crabbed, ill-humoured; _snell_, _calschie_, S. synon.

_Douglas._

A. S. _afor_, _afre_, Isl. _apur_, _asper_, (as _apurkylde_, acre frigus); and A. S. _smeorte_, Su. G. _smarta_, pain. Haldorson remarks, that the Isl. term is also applied to one of austere manners.

APERT, _adj._ Brisk, bold, free.

_Barbour._

Fr. _appert_, expert, prompt; Lat. _apparat-us_, prepared.

APERT. _In apert_, _adv._ Evidently, openly.

_Barbour._

Fr. _apert_, _appert_, open, evident; from _appar-oir_, Lat. _appar-ere_, to appear.

APERTLY, _adv._ Briskly, readily.

V. ~Apert~, _adj._

_Barbour._

APIEST, APIECE, _conj._ Although.

V. ~Allpuist~.

APILL RENYEIS, _s. pl._ A string, or necklace of beads; q. a _rein_ or bridle of beads, formed like _apples_.

_Dunbar._

APLIGHT, _adv._ Completely; O. E. _apliht_.

_Sir Tristrem._

A. S. _on_ and _pliht_ periculum, _pliht-an_ periculo objicere se.

APON, APOUN, _prep._ Upon, S.

_Barbour._

A. S. _ufa_, Su. G. _uppa_, insuper, and _on_.

APORT, APORTE, _s._ Deportment, carriage.

_Wyntown._

Fr. _apport_, from _apport-er_, to carry; Lat. _ad_ and _port-are_.

_To_ APPAIR, _v. a._ To injure, to impair, O. E. _apeir_.

_Detect. Q. Mary._

Fr. _emper-er_, id.

V. ~Pare~, _v._

APPARELLE, APPARYLE, APPARAILL, _s._ Equipage, furniture for warfare, preparations for a siege, whether for attack or defence; ammunition.

_Barbour._

Fr. _appareil_, provision, furniture, preparations for war.

APPIN, _adj._ Open, S.

_Complaynt S._

Dan. _aaben_ apertus; Isl. _opna_ foramen. Wachter derives Germ. _offen_, apertus, from _auf_ up.

APPLERINGIE, _s._ Southernwood, S. Artemisia abrotanum, Linn.

Fr. _apilé_ strong, and _auronne_ southernwood, from Lat. _abrotanum_, id.

_To_ APLEIS, APPLESS, _v. a._ To satisfy, to content, to please.

_Wallace._

Apparently from an obsolete Fr. v. of the form of _applaire_.

APPLY, _s._ Plight, condition.

_Sir Egeir._

Fr. _pli_ state, habit.

_To_ APPORT, _v. a._ To bring, to conduce.

Fr. _apport-er_, id.

_R. Bruce._

_To_ APPREUE, APPRIEVE, _v. a._ To approve.

_Douglas._

Fr. _approuver_, Lat. _approbare_.

AR, ARE, _adv._ Formerly; also, early.

V. ~Air~.

_To_ AR, ARE, ERE, _v. a._ To plough, to till, S. _to ear_, E.

_Douglas._

Moes. G. _ar-ian_, Su. G. _aer-ia_. Isl. _er-ia_, A. S. _er-ian_, Alem. _err-en_, Germ. _er-en_, Gr. αρ-ειν, Lat. _ar-are_. Ihre views Heb. ץאר _ar-etz_, earth, as the fountain.

ARAGE, ARRAGE, ARYAGE, AUARAGE, AVERAGE, _s._ Servitude due by tenants, in men and horses, to their landlords. This custom is not entirely abolished in some parts of Scotland. "_Arage_ and carriage" is a phrase still commonly used in leases.

_Skene._

L. B. _averag-ium_, from _aver-ia_, a beast for work; and this perhaps from Fr. _ouvre_ work.

_To_ ARAS, ARRACE, _v. a._

1. To snatch or pluck away by force.

_Wyntown._

2. To raise up.

_Douglas._

This sense is so different from the former, that it might rather seem to be put for _arraise_, q. to raise up.

Fr. _arrach-er_, to tear, to pull by violence; to pull up by the roots, from Lat. _eradic-are_.

ARBY, _s._ The sea-gilliflower, Orkn.

_Neill._

ARBY-ROOT, _s._ The root of the sea-pink, or Statice armeria, Orkn.

ARCH, ARGH, AIRGH, ERGH, (gutt.) _adj._

1. Averse, reluctant; often including the idea of timidity as the cause of reluctance, S.

_Douglas._

2. Apprehensive, filled with anxiety, S. Chaucer, _erke_, weary, indolent.

_Popul. Ball._