CHAPTER VIII.
THE LAWS OF PROGRESS IN LANGUAGE.
These laws psychological.--1. Languages advance from exuberance to moderation by eliminating superfluities.--Unity of speech the result of civilisation.--Redundancy marks an early stage of thought.--Superfluous words dropped or desynonymised.--2. Languages advance from indetermination to grammar.--Simplicity succeeds complexity.--Instances of agglutination.--3. Languages advance from synthesis to analysis.--Tmesis a relic of Polysynthetism.--Analysis not inferior to synthesis for the expression of thought.--Instances in the Indo-European and Semitic languages.--Grimm on the English language.--Some would add a 4th law, viz.: the progress from monosyllabism.--Arguments in favour of this law.--It remains very questionable; only a convenient hypothesis. 166