Chapter 4

deposited in other collections as follows: Private Collection of P. H. Krutzsch, 3; Private Collection of W. G. Frum, 2; Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist., 4; Univ. Nebr. State Mus., 4).

_Remarks._--This bat is the most common of the four species that are known to inhabit the quarries in Cass and Sarpy counties. Individuals have been found both in drill holes and clinging to the walls of the quarries. We have always found this bat to be solitary while in hibernation.

~Eptesicus fuscus fuscus~ (Beauvois)

Big Brown Bat

_Vespertilio fuscus_ Beauvois, Catal. Raisonné Mus. Peale, Philadelphia, p. 18, 1796, type from Philadelphia, Philadelphia Co., Pennsylvania.

_Eptesicus fuscus_, Méhely, Magyarország denevéreinek monographiája (Monographia Chiropterorum Hungariae), pp. 206, 338, 1900.

_Distribution in Nebraska._--Eastern part of state.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 23, as follows: ADAMS CO.: Hastings, 1 (Hastings Museum, Hastings, Nebraska). CASS CO.: 1 mi. NE Louisville, 6; Plattsmouth, 1 (Univ. Nebr. State Mus.). SARPY CO.: 1/2 mi. W Meadow, 15 (Univ. Nebr. State Mus., 7).

_Remarks._--We have observed this bat hibernating in the limestone quarries of Cass and Sarpy counties, where it was commonly found in drill holes or clinging to the ceiling or walls. We have always found this bat to be solitary while in hibernation, with one exception. On January 31, 1949, a male and female were found in the same drill hole in the Cass County quarry. The jolt of being knocked from the hole separated the two bats, and upon examination the penis of the male was noted to be extended and erected, indicating that the pair might have been in the act of copulation.

~Eptesicus fuscus pallidus~ Young

Big Brown Bat

_Eptesicus pallidus_ Young, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, p. 408, October 2, 1908, type from Boulder, Boulder Co., Colorado.

_Eptesicus fuscus pallidus_, Miller, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 79:62, December 31, 1912.

_Distribution in Nebraska._--Western half of state.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 34, as follows: CHERRY CO.: Ft. Niobrara Game Reserve, 19 (Nebr. Game, Forestation and Parks Comm., 17); Valentine, 2 (Univ. Nebr. Dept. Zool.). DAWES CO.: 10 mi. S Chadron, 1 (Univ. Mich. Mus. Zool.). KNOX CO.: Niobrara, 1. SHERIDAN CO.: 15 mi. N Rushville, 2. SIOUX CO.: Glen, 1 (Univ. Nebr. State Mus.); Monroe Canyon, 5-1/2 mi. N, 2-1/2 mi. W Harrison, 1 (Nebr. Game, Forestation and Parks Comm.); Warbonnet Canyon, 7 (Univ. Nebr. State Mus.).

_Remarks._--A colony of approximately 100 of these bats was discovered in the unused portion of a barn loft at Ft. Niobrara Game Reserve on August 11, 1948. Although no temperature readings were taken, it was estimated that the temperature was more than 100° F. in the loft. The bats were congregated on rafters at the north end of the barn and when disturbed, only a few members of the colony dropped from the rafters to fly. Most of the bats crawled to new retreats between the rafters and the corrugated iron roof of the building.

~Lasiurus borealis borealis~ (Müller)

Red Bat

_Vespertilio borealis_ Müller, Natursyst. Suppl., p. 20, 1776, type from New York.

_Lasiurus borealis_ [_borealis_], Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, 13:105, October 16, 1897.

_Distribution in Nebraska._--State-wide in suitable habitat.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 14, as follows: LANCASTER CO.: Lincoln, 13 (Univ. Nebr. State Mus., 11; Univ. Nebr. Dept. Zool., 1). RICHARDSON CO.: 3 mi. SE Rulo, 1 (Nebr. Game, Forestation, and Parks Comm.).

Additional records (Swenk, 1908:139): CUMING CO.: West Point. DOUGLAS CO.: Omaha. LANCASTER CO.: Lincoln. OTOE CO.: Nebraska City. RICHARDSON CO.: Humboldt.

~Lasiurus cinereus cinereus~ (Beauvois)

Hoary Bat

_Vespertilio cinereus_ (misspelled _linereus_) Beauvois, Catal. Raisonné Mus. Peale, Philadelphia, p. 18, 1796, type from Philadelphia, Philadelphia Co., Pennsylvania.

_Lasiurus cinereus_, H. Allen, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., 17:21, June, 1864.

_Distribution in Nebraska._--State-wide in suitable habitat.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 11, as follows: CLAY CO.: Inland, 1 (Hastings Museum, Hastings, Nebraska). CUSTER CO.: Broken Bow, 2 (Univ. Mich. Mus. Zool.); Victoria Springs, 1 (Univ. Mich. Mus. Zool.). FURNAS CO.: Wilsonville, 1 (Hastings Museum, Hastings, Nebraska). LANCASTER CO.: Lincoln, 6 (Univ. Nebr. State Mus., 5; Univ. Nebr. Dept. Zool., 1).

Additional records: CUMING CO.: West Point (Swenk, 1908:139). DOUGLAS CO.: Omaha (Swenk, 1908:139). GAGE CO.: Beatrice (Swenk, 1908:139). LANCASTER CO.: Lincoln (Swenk, 1908:139). County undesignated: Loup Fork (Miller, 1897:114).

~Tadarida mexicana~ (Saussure)

Mexican Free-tailed Bat

_Molossus mexicanus_ Saussure, Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, Ser. 2, 12:283, July, 1860, type from Cofre de Perote, 13,000 feet, state of Veracruz, Mexico.

_Tadarida mexicana_, Miller, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 128:86, April 29, 1924.

_Distribution in Nebraska._--Known only from Lincoln, Lancaster County.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimen examined, 1, as follows: LANCASTER CO.: Lincoln, 1 (Univ. Nebr. State Mus.).

Additional record (Zimmer, 1913:665): LANCASTER CO.: Lincoln.

_Remarks._--The Mexican free-tailed bat is probably rare in Nebraska. The single specimen examined by us was obtained on June 27, 1931, from a downtown business building in Lincoln. According to the label on the specimen, it died in captivity on June 29 after giving birth to one young on June 28. The bat reported by Zimmer (_loc. cit._) was also taken in the business district of Lincoln. It was obtained on August 15, 1913.

In addition to the bats named above, six other kinds possibly occur in Nebraska. These, along with an indication of the part of the state in which each is to be looked for, are as follows:

_Myotis grisescens_ Howell, southeastern part of state.

_Myotis sodalis_ Miller and Allen, southeastern part of state.

_Myotis thysanodes thysanodes_ Miller, northwestern part of state.

_Nycticeus humeralis humeralis_ (Rafinesque), southeastern part of state.

_Corynorhinus rafinesquii pallescens_ (Miller), northwestern part of state.

_Tadarida molossa_ (Pallas), any part of state.

LITERATURE CITED

ALLEN, H. 1864. Monograph of the bats of North America. Smithsonian Misc. Coll., 165:xxiii + 85, June, 1864.

FRUM, W. G. 1946. Abnormality in dentition of _Myotis lucifugus_. Jour. Mamm., 27:176, May 14, 1946.

MILLER, G. S., JR. 1897. Revision of the North American bats of the family Vespertilionidae. N. Amer. Fauna, 13:1-138, October 16, 1897.

MILLER, G. S., JR., and G. M. ALLEN 1928. The American bats of the genera _Myotis_ and _Pizonyx_. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 144:viii + 218, May 25, 1928.

QUAY, W. B. 1948. Notes on some bats from Nebraska and Wyoming. Jour. Mamm., 29:181-182, May 14, 1948.

SIMPSON, G. G. 1945. The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 85:xvi + 350, October 5, 1945.

STEPHENS, T. C. 1945. Say's bat in Nebraska. Jour. Mamm., 26:92, February 27, 1945.

SWENK, M. H. 1908. A preliminary review of the mammals of Nebraska. Proc. Nebr. Acad. Sci., 8:61-144, 1908.

1915. The birds and mammals of Nebraska. Nebr. Blue Book and Historical Register, pp. 851-855, 1915.

1918. The birds and mammals of Nebraska. Nebr. Blue Book and Historical Register, pp. 407-411, December, 1918.

1919. The birds and mammals of Nebraska. Univ. Nebr. Contrib. Dept. Ent., 23:1-21, March 1, 1919.

1920. The birds and mammals of Nebraska. Nebr. Blue Book and Historical Register, pp. 479-483, December, 1920.

TAYLOR, W. P. 1919. Notes on mammals collected principally in Washington and California between the years 1853 and 1874 by Dr. James Graham Cooper. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 9:69-121, July 12, 1919.

ZIMMER, J. T. 1913. A northwardly record of the free-tailed bat. Science (NS), 38:665-666, November 7, 1913.

_Transmitted, March 27, 1952._

24-2965

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Transcriber's Notes

Italicized text is shown within _underscores_.

Bold text is shown within ~tildes~.