Part 9

Charleston $2,100 Charlestown 1,500 Clarksburg 1,600 Fairmont 1,200 Grafton 1,400 Huntington 1,700 Lewisburgh 1,000 Martinsburgh 1,800 Morgantown 1,000 Moundsville 1,200 Parkersburg 2,300 Piedmont 1,300 Pt. Pleasant 1,000 Wellsburgh 1,300 Weston 1,200 Wheeling 3,000

Iron ore yields 50 to 80 per cent. pure metal, latest amount reported, 61,216 tons; coal, 1,792,570 tons; salt, 2,679,438 bu.; petroleum is extensively produced in Ritchie, Pleasants, Wood and Wirt counties. Ranks fifth in salt and coal; eighth in buckwheat, iron and steel.

Population, 618,457; male, 314,495; female, 303,962; native, 600,192; foreign, 18,265; white, 592,537; colored, 25,886; Indians, 29; 40 per cent. increase in pop. 1870 to 1880; number slaves, 1860, 18,371. Governor and State officers elected quadrennially, and legislature every two years; State elections, second Tuesday in October; congressional and presidential, Tuesday after the first Monday in November; number Senators, 26; Representatives, 65; sessions biennial, in odd-numbered years; limit of session, 45 days; term of Senators, 4 years; of Representatives, 2 years. Number electoral votes, 6; number voters, 139,161; native white, 123,569; foreign white, 9,208; colored, 6,384. Insane, paupers and convicts excluded from voting.

Flourishing free school system; school population, 216,605; school age, 6-21.

Legal interest, 6; by contract, 6; usury forfeits excess of interest. {105}

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NORTH CAROLINA. "OLD NORTH STATE," "TAR STATE."

One of the thirteen original States; discovered by Lord Raleigh, 1584; settled by English at Albemarle, 1650; seceded May, 1861, re-admitted June, 1868.

Area, 52,250 square miles; length, 450 miles; breadth, 185 miles; coast line, over 400 miles; area dismal swamp, 150,000 acres; number counties, 96.

Temperature at Wilmington: winter, 46° to 51°; summer, 76° to 80°. Frost seldom occurs before November. Rainfall at Gaston, 43 inches. Deaths by consumption, 1.5 per 1,000 of population.

Wilmington, principal seaport and chief city; pop., 13,446; Raleigh, capital, and contains the State institutions; pop., 7,790 Charlotte contains assay office; pop., 4,473; pop. New Bern, 5,849.

Farms in 1860, 75,203, increased to 157,609 in 1880; average value per acre, cleared land, $9.77; woodland, $5.53.

Agriculture the leading industry; corn the most valuable crop; tobacco the leading product; value orchard products over $900,000. Latest reports give 4,576,148 bu. sweet potatoes; 5,609,191 lbs. rice; value tar and turpentine products, $1,758,488; tobacco crop, 1883, 29,048,213 lbs.; wheat crop, 1884, 4,650,000 bu.; oats, 4,632,000 bu.; corn, 31,499,000 bu.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $3,000 Sec'y of State 2,000 Treasurer 3,000 Auditor 1,500 Attorney Gen. 2,000 Supt. Pub. Inst. 1,500 Adjutant Gen. 600 Com'r of Agr. 1,200 State Librarian 750 Chief Justice 2,500 2 Asso. Justices 2,500 Senators, } $4 a day, Representatives } mileage 10 c. 4 Collectors Int. Rev. 2,500 to 3,750 64 Deputy Collectors 300 to 1,700 2 Dist. Judges 3,500

Presidential P. O.

Asheville $1,900 Charlotte 2,400 Durham 1,600 Elizabeth City 1,200 Fayetteville 1,600 Goldsborough 1,800 Greensborough 1,800 New Berne 1,900 Oxford 1,200 Raleigh 2,600 Reidsville 1,200 Salisbury 1,500 Statesville 1,400 Tarborough 1,500 Wilmington 2,600 Wilson 1,400 Winston 1,800 10 P.O. 1,200 to 1,000

Ranks first in tar and turpentine, second in copper, third in peanuts and tobacco, fourth in rice, ninth in cotton.

Number of different industries, 3,802; flour and grist mills, 1,313; saw mills, 776; latest reported value oyster fisheries, $60,000; number boats engaged in general fisheries, about 3,000; copper mined, 1,640,000 lbs.

State, congressional and presidential elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 50; Representatives, 120; sessions biennial, in odd-numbered years, meeting Wednesday after first Monday in January; limit of session, 60 days; terms of Senator and Representatives, two years each. Number electoral votes, 11; number voters, 294,750; native white, 187,637; foreign white, 2,095; colored, 105,018. Convicts are excluded from voting.

Population, 1,399,750: male, 687,908; female, 711,842; natives, 1,396,008; foreign, 3,742; white, 867,242: colored, 531,278; Indians, 1,230. Slaves, 1860, 331,059.

Public school system adopted 1840; at present over 2,000 public schools in operation; school age, 6-21.

Legal interest rate, 6; by contract, 8; usury forfeits interest. {107}

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SOUTH CAROLINA. South Kar-o-l[=i]´na. "PALMETTO STATE."

Named in honor of Charles II. of England, by whom the province was created in 1663. One of the thirteen original States. First permanent settlement made by English at Port Royal, 1670. Famous nullification troubles occurred 1832-33; led by J. C. Calhoun, and opposed vigorously by Pres. Jackson, during which his famous expression "by the Eternal" was first used. Seceded November, 1860; re-admitted June, 1868.

Area, 30,170 square miles; extreme length, 275 miles; greatest breadth, 210 miles; coast line, 200 miles. Largest rivers, Savannah, Great Pee Dee, Santee and Edisto. Number counties, 84.

Temperature at Charleston: summer, 79° to 83°; winter, 50° to 54°; rainfall, 43 inches; frosts seldom occur. Aiken, noted winter resort for consumptives. Deaths, consumption, 1.5 per 1,000 population.

Charleston, largest city; laid out 1680; population, 49,984; port of entry; seat of a Catholic bishop. United States customs districts at Beaufort, Charleston and Georgetown.

First railroad to use American locomotives, the South Carolina, built 1830-33; number miles railroad January 1, 1886, 1,693.

Number farms, 1860, 33,171; 1870, 51,889; 1880, 93,864. Average value per acre, cleared land, $6.24; woodland, $8.64.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $3,500 Lieut. Gov. 1,000 Sec'y of State. 2,100 Treasurer 2,100 Compt'ller Gen. 2,100 Attorney Gen. 2,100 Supt. Pub. Inst. 2,100 Com'r Agricult. 2,100 Adj & Insp. Gen. 1,500 Chief Justice 4,000 Asso. Justices 3,500 Clerk of Supreme Court 1,000 Senators, } $5 pr. day Representatives } mileage 10 cents. District Judge 3,500 Col. Int. Rev. 3,250

Presidential P. O.

Aiken $1,600 Anderson C.H. 1,400 Beaufort 1,400 Camden 1,300 Charleston 3,200 Chester C.H. 1,400 Columbia 2,500 Florence 1,200 Georgetown 1,100 Greenville C.H. 2,000 Marion 1,100 Newberry C.H. 1,500 Orangeb'h C.H. 1,300 Rock Hill 1,000 Spart'nb'h C.H. 1,800 Sumter C.H. 1,600 Union 1,000 Winnsborough 1,200 Yorkville 1,000

Number of flour and grist mills, 720; value of lumber products, $2,031,507; tar and turpentine, $1,893,206; oyster fishery, $20,000; sea, river and lake fisheries, $192,482. Ranks first in phosphates; production, 332,077 tons; value, $1,992,462.

Gold mines in Abbeville, Edgefield and Union counties; first mint deposits, $3,500 in 1827; aggregate to June 30, 1883, $1,468,854. White and variegated marbles found in Spartanburgh and Laurens counties.

Population 995,577: male, 490,408; female, 505,169; native, 987,891; foreign, 7,686; white, 391,105; colored, 604,332; Chinese, 9; Indians, 131. Number persons per square mile, 33. Slaves, 1860, 402,406.

State, congressional and presidential elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; State Senators, 35; Representatives, 124; sessions annual, meeting fourth Tuesday in November; limit of session, none; term of Senators, 4 years; of Representatives, 2 years.

Number electoral votes, 9; number voters, 205,789; colored, 118,889; native white, 82,910; foreign white, 3,990. Insane, inmates of asylums, alms-houses and prisons, U. S. army and duelists excluded from voting.

Number colleges, 9; school population, 262,279; school age, 6-16.

Legal interest rate, 7; by contract, any rate. {109}

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GEORGIA. Jor´je-a. "EMPIRE STATE OF THE SOUTH."

Farthest south and latest settled of the thirteen original States; named in honor of George II., King of England; settled by English at Savannah, 1753; seceded Jan., 1861; re-admitted Dec. 1870.

Area 59,475 square miles; extreme length, 320 miles; extreme breadth, 254 miles; coast line, 480 miles; number harbors, 3. Savannah, Ogeechee, Altamaha, Satilla, St. Mary's, Flint, Chattahoochee and Upper Coosa are navigable rivers. Number counties, 137.

Temperature at Augusta: winter, 46° to 52°; summer, 79° to 83°. Rainfall at Savannah, 48 inches.

Savannah, Brunswick and St. Mary's are ports of entry. Savannah, chief seaport; pop., 27,891. Columbus contains largest cotton mill in the South; pop., 10,123. Atlanta is capital; pop., 37,409. Andersonville, seat of largest rebel prison during the Rebellion.

Number farms, 1860, 62,003; 1880, 138,626. Average value per acre, cleared land, $6.93; woodland, $5.45. 72 per cent. of laborers engaged in agriculture; rural income, $155 per individual.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $3,000 Sec'y of State 2,000 Treasurer 2,000 Compt'ller Gen. 2,000 Attorney Gen. 2,000 Com'r Agricult. 2,500 Chief Justice 2,500 Asso. Justices 2,500 Senators, } $4 pr. day Representatives } and mileage. 3 Dist. Judges 3,500 D. Supt. R'y Ser. 2,500 Collectors Inter. Rev. 2,500 to 3,125 24 Deputy Collectors 300 to 1,700 Customs Surveyor 1,000 & fees.

Presidential P. O.

Albany $1,600 Americus 1,600 Athens 1,900 Atlanta 3,300 Augusta 2,800 Brunswick 1,700 Columbus 2,500 Cuthbert 1,500 Dalton 1,400 Gainesville 1,500 Griffin 1,600 Macon 2,700 Madison 1,500 Marietta 1,500 Rome 2,300 Savannah 3,200 Thomasville 1,600 13 Offices 1,400 to 1,000

Sheep on farms, Jan., 1884, 543,415. Corn crop, 1884, 30,925,000 bu.; wheat, 3,130,000; oats, 6,270.000 bu.; cotton, 760,000 bales. Latest reported rice crop, 25,369,687 lbs.; sweet potatoes, 4,397,778 bu.; tobacco, 228,590 lbs; wool, 1,289,560 pounds. Ranks second in rice and sweet potatoes, third in cotton and molasses, fourth in sugar, seventh in mules, tenth in hogs.

Gold production, 1793-1883, $8,043,250. Latest mining reports give 100,000 tons coal and 91,416 tons iron ore.

Population, 1,542,180: male, 762,981; female, 779,199; native, 1,531,616; foreign, 10,564; white, 816,906; colored, 725,133; Chinese, 17; Indians, 124. State elections, first Wednesday in October; congressional and presidential, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 44; Representatives, 175; sessions biennial, in even-numbered years, meeting first Wednesday in November; limit of session, 40 days, unless extended by special vote; terms of Senators and Representatives, 2 years each.

Number electoral votes, 12; number voters, 321,438; colored, 143,471; native white, 172,044; foreign white, 5,923. Idiots, insane, criminals and non-taxpayers excluded from voting.

Number colleges, 7; State University at Athens, organized 1801; public schools excellent; school age, 6-18.

No State license law governing commercial travelers; but Atlanta, Athens, Augusta and Savannah exact a tax.

Legal interest, 7; by contract, 8; usury forfeits excess of interest. {111}

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FLORIDA. Flor´e-dah "PENINSULA STATE."

Discoverer landed on Easter Sunday, or "Flowery Easter;" hence the name.

Settled by Spaniards at St. Augustine, 1565; organized as a Territory, 1822; admitted as a State, 1845; seceded 1861; re-admitted 1868

Area, 58,680 square miles; coastline, 1,146 miles, 472 being on the Atlantic; length, north and south, 350 miles; length, east and west, 340 miles; mean width of peninsula, 100 miles; greatest elevation, 250 feet. Number counties, 39.

Temperature at Jacksonville: winter, 55° to 61°; summer, 80° to 83°. Rainfall at Fort Myers, 57 inches.

Key West, the metropolis, and has good harbor and naval station pop., 9,890. Jacksonville, an important commercial point; pop., 7,650. St. Augustine, oldest town in United States. Tallahassee, the capital. Pop. Pensacola, 6,845.

Number farms, 23,438; owned by State, 15,000,000 acres; value per acre, cleared land, $9.48; woodland, $3.03; swamp, $1; school lands, $1.25.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $3,500 Lieut. Gov. 500 Sec'y of State 2,000 Treasurer 2,000 Comptroller 2,000 Attorney Gen. 2,000 Supt. Pub. Ins. 2,000 Adjutant Gen. 2,000 Land Com'r. 1,200 Chief Justice 3,500 2 Asso. Justices 3,000 Senators, } $6 a day Representatives } and 10c a mile. 2 Dist. Judges 3,500 Col. Int. Rev. 3,000 Surveyor Gen. 1,800 Chief Clerk 1,600 Draftsman 1,200 38 Lighthouse Keepers 370 to 820

Presidential P. O.

Cedar Keys $1,300 De Land 1,300 Eustis 1,000 Fernandina 1,600 Gainesville 1,600 Jacksonville 2,800 Key West 1,600 Ocala 1,500 Orlando 1,500 Palatka 1,800 Pensacola 2,200 St. Augustine 1,700 Sanford 1,600 Tallahassee 1,700 Tampa 1,400

Corn most valuable crop, returns of 1884, 3,837,200 bushels; oats, 494,000 bu.; cotton, 60,000 bales; latest reported tobacco, 24,239 pounds; rice, 1,294,677 pounds; peaches, 89,028 bushels; sugar, 1,273 hogsheads; honey, 210,357 pounds; molasses, 1,029,868 gallons. Over 3,000,000 orange trees planted since 1870, and millions of oranges exported yearly.

Latest reported fisheries, $78,408; lumber products, $3,060,291; oysters, 20,000 bushels.

Ranks third in sugar and molasses, sixth in rice, tenth in cotton.

Population, 269,493: male, 136,444; female, 133,049; native, 259,584; foreign, 9,909; white, 142,605; colored, 126,690; Indians, 180; slaves, 1860, 61,745.

State, congressional and presidential elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 32; Representatives, 76; sessions of legislature biennial, in odd-numbered years, meeting Tuesday after first Monday in January; limit of session, 60 days; term of Senators, 4 years; of Representatives, 2 years.

Number electoral votes, 4; number voters, 61,699; colored, 27,489; native white, 30,351; foreign white, 3,859. Idiots, insane, criminals, betters on elections and duelists excluded from voting.

School population, 88,677; enrolled in public schools, 39,315 school age, 4-21.--Legal interest rate, 8; by contract, any rate. {113}

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ALABAMA. Al-a-bah´mah.

Name derived from an Indian word signifying, "Here we rest."

Settled near Mobile Bay by French, 1702; admitted as a State, 1819; seceded 1861; re-admitted 1868.

Area, 52,250 square miles, same as North Carolina; length, 330 miles; average breadth, 154 miles; seacoast, about 60 miles. Inland steam navigation about 1,500 miles; Mobile the only seaport. Number counties, 66.

Temperature at Augusta: winter, 46° to 52°; summer, 79° to 83°. Rainfall at Huntsville, 55 inches. July the hottest month. Fruit trees blossom February 1st to March 1st.

Montgomery, capital; pop., 16,713. Huntsville, the northern trade centre; pop., 4,977. Selma, an important railroad centre; pop., 7,529. Mobile, metropolis; pop., 29,132.

Number farms, 135,864. Average value per acre, cleared land, $6.53; woodland, $4.08. Sugar product, 94 hogsheads; molasses, 795,199 gallons; tobacco crop, 1882, 475,456 lbs.; hay, 10,882 acres, or 12,513 tons; oats, 1884, 405,830 acres, or 5,015,000 bu.; corn, 30,197,000 bu.; cotton, 661,000 bales.

Number industries, 2,070; flour and grist mills, 807; saw mills, 354. Total capital invested, $9,668,008; value products, $13,565,504.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $3,000 Sec'y of State 1,800 Treasurer 2,150 Auditor 1,800 Attorney Gen. 1,500 Supt. Pub. Inst. 2,250 Librarian 1,500 3 R. R. Commissioners 2,000 to 3,500 Chief Justice 3,000 2 Asso. Justices 3,000 Senators, } $4 pr. day Representatives } and 20c mileage. 3 Dist. Judges 3,500 2 Colls. Int. Rev. 2,500 16 Colls. Int. Revenue 1,000 to 1,400

Presidential P. O.

Anniston $1,400 Birmingham 2,500 Eufaula 1,800 Florence 1,200 Gadsden 1,300 Greenville 1,400 Huntsville 1,800 Marion 1,500 Mobile 3,100 Montgomery 2,700 Opelika 1,500 Selma 2,500 Talladega 1,500 Troy 1,300 Tuscaloosa 1,700 Union Springs 1,400 Uniontown 1,100 6 Postoffices 1,000

Mineral region in northeast corner, extending southwest, about 160 miles, with average width of about 80 miles; contains three distinct coal fields, area over 5,000 square miles, and beds, 1 to 8 feet thick; limestone, sandstone, and iron ore near the coal.

Ranks fourth in cotton, fifth in mules and molasses, sixth in sugar, seventh in rice and iron ore.

Population, 1,262,505: male, 622,629; female, 639,876; native, 1,252,771; foreign, 9,734; white, 662,185; colored, 600,107; Indians, 218; slaves, 1860, 435,080.

State elections biennial, first Monday in August; congressional and presidential, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 33; Representatives, 100; sessions of legislature biennial, in even-numbered years, meeting Tuesday after second Monday in November; limit of session, 50 days; term of Senators, 4 years; of Representatives, 2 years.

Number of electoral votes, 10; number of voters, 262,737; colored, 118,423; native white, 136,058; foreign white, 8,256. Indians, idiots and persons convicted of crime excluded from voting.

Number colleges, 4; school population, 401,002; school age, 7-21.

Legal interest rate, 8; usury forfeits entire interest. {115}

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MISSISSIPPI. Mis´sis-sip´pi. "THE BAYOU STATE."

Name of Indian origin, signifying "Father of Waters."

First permanent settlement at Natchez, 1716; admitted 1817; seceded 1861; re-admitted 1870.

Area, 46,810 square miles; extreme length, 332 miles; extreme breadth, 189 miles; mean breadth, 142 miles; gulf frontage, including irregularities and islands, 287 miles; harbors at Pascagonia, Biloxi, Mississippi City and Shieldsborough. Number counties, 74.

Temperature at Vicksburg: winter, 47° to 56°; summer, 80° to 83°. Rainfall, Natchez, 54 inches.

Jackson, the capital; pop., 5,204. Natchez, an important shipping point; pop., 7,058. Vicksburg, an extensive cotton market; pop., 11,814.

Railroad mileage, 1844, 26; Jan. 1, 1886, 1,947.

Number farms, 101,772. Average value per acre: cleared land, $7.88; woodland, $3.78.

Latest reports give 3,501 acres in rice; sugar cane, 4,555 acres; tobacco, 1,595 acres; corn, 1,889,600 acres; cotton, 847,000 bales; sweet potatoes, 3,610,660 bu.; wine, 209,845 gals.; molasses, 536,625 gals.; bales cotton used, 6,411; looms, 704; spindles, 26,172.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $4,000 Lieut. Gov. 800 Sec'y of State 2,500 Treasurer 2,500 Auditor 2,500 Atty. General 2,500 Supt. Pub. Edu. 2,000 Com'r Agricult. 1,000 Land Com'r. 1,000 Adjutant Gen. 500 Librarian 800 Chief Justice 3,500 2 Asso. Justices 3,500 Senators, Representatives $400 a year 3 Dist. Judges 3,500 Col. Int. Rev. 2,750

Presidential P. O.