Part 7

Auburn $2,200 Augusta 3,100 Bangor 2,700 Bath 2,200 Belfast 1,800 Biddeford 2,200 Brunswick 1,700 Calais 1,600 Eastport 1,500 Ellsworth 1,500 Gardiner 1,800 Hallowell 1,600 Lewiston 2,500 Portland 3,300 Rockland 2,100 Saco 1,700 Skowhegan 1,700 Waterville 2,000 19 P.O. 1,500 to 1,000

Valuable slate quarries from the Kennebec to the Penobscot; granite is obtained in blocks of immense size; latest reported product, 2,203,670 cubic feet; value, $1,175,286. Ranks fifth in buckwheat and copper; eighth in hops and potatoes.

The State has 379 shipbuilding establishments; number new vessels built, 88; boats, 970; total value, $2,909,846.

Pop., 648,936: male, 324,058; female, 324,878; native, 590,053; foreign, 58,883; white, 646,852; colored, 1,451; Chinese, 8; Indians, 625.

State elections, second Monday in September; congressional and presidential, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 31; Representatives, 151; sessions biennial, in odd-numbered years, meeting first Wednesday in January; limit of session, none; terms of Senators and Representatives, 2 years each.

Number electoral votes, 6; number voters, 187,323; paupers and Indians not taxed excluded from voting.

Number colleges, 3; system of common, high and normal schools excellent; of 519,669 persons 10 years old and upward, 3.5 per cent. are unable to read; school age, 4-21.

Legal interest rate, 6; by contract, any rate. {81}

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{82}

NEW HAMPSHIRE. N[=u] Hamp´shir. "GRANITE STATE."

One of the thirteen original States; settled by English Puritans at Dover and Portsmouth, 1623.

Area, 9,335 square miles; length, 180 miles; average breadth, 45 miles; seacoast, 18 miles; best harbor at Portsmouth. Number counties, 10.

Average temperature at Concord, 46°; Hanover,43°; Manchester, 49°; Portsmouth, 46°. Rainfall at Hanover, 40 inches.

Manchester, chief city and manufacturing town, pop., 32,630. Pop. Nashua, 13,397; Concord, 13,843; Dover, 11,687; Portsmouth, 9690

Number farms, 32,181; average value per acre, cleared land, $15; woodland, $32. Hay the most valuable crop, yielding nearly 600,000 tons by last report; corn crop, 1884, 1,286,000 bu., 33 bu. to the acre; wheat, 170,700 bu., 14.6 bu. to the acre; oats, 993,000 bu., 32.4 bu. to the acre.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $1,000 Sec. State $800 & fees Treasurer 1,800 Attorney Gen. 2,200 Supt. Pub. Ins. 2,000 3 R. R. Commission'rs 2,000 to 2,500 Adjutant Gen. 1,000 Sec. Bd. Agr. 1,000 Librarian 800 Chief Justice 2,900 6 Asso. Justices 2,700 Senators, } $3 a day Representatives } and mileage. District Judge 3,500 Pension Agent 4,000 Col. Int. Rev. 1,125

Presidential P. O.

Claremont $1,800 Concord 2,700 Dover 2,300 Exeter 1,600 Franklin Falls 1,400 Great Falls 1,700 Hanover 1,500 Keene 2,300 Laconia 1,700 Lancaster 1,500 Lebanon 1,700 Littleton 1,600 Manchester 2,300 Milford 1,400 Nashua 2,500 Plymouth 1,500 Portsmouth 2,400 Rochester 1,600 14 P.O. $1,300 to 1,000

Ranks third in manufacture of cotton goods, value, $18,228,573; value woolen goods, $8,113,839; worsted goods, $2,694,232; sawed lumber, $3,842,012; leather, $4,477,350; paper, $1,731,170; boots and shoes, $7,230,804; flouring and grist mill products, $2,542,784; hosiery and knit goods, $2,362,779.

Mica is quarried at Grafton, and is very valuable; soapstone is found at Haverhill, Keene and Francestown; granite of fine quality is quarried at Plymouth, Troy, Roxbury, Concord and elsewhere.

Population, 346,991: male, 170,526; female, 176,465; native, 300,697; foreign, 46,294; white, 346,229; colored, 685; Chinese, 14; Indians, 63.

State, congressional and presidential elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 24; Representatives, 321; sessions of legislature biennial, in odd-numbered years, meeting first Wednesday in June; limit of session, none; terms of Senators and Representatives, 2 years each.

Number electoral votes, 4; number voters, 105,138. Paupers are excluded from voting.

Dartmouth College, at Hanover, founded 1769; compulsory education law; common schools excellent; school age, 5-15.

Mount Washington, highest point east of the Mississippi excepting two or three peaks in North Carolina; a three-mile railroad extends to the summit.

No asylum for deaf, dumb or blind.

Legal interest, 6; usury forfeits thrice the excess. {83}

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{84}

VERMONT. Ver-mont´. "GREEN MOUNTAIN STATE."

First settled by Massachusetts emigrants near Brattleboro, 1724; admitted 1791,--the first State to join the original thirteen.

Area, 9,565 square miles, a little larger than New Hampshire; length, 150 miles; breadth, 35 to 50 miles. Lake Champlain frontage, over 100 miles; Burlington the chief harbor. Number counties, 14.

Temperature at Burlington: winter, 18° to 33°; summer, 66° to 71°; rainfall, 34 inches. Death rate, only 1.07 per cent. per annum.

Burlington, seat of Vermont lumber trade; pop., 11,365. Montpelier, capital. Rutland, famous for its marble works; pop., 12,149. Pop. of Bennington, 6,333; of Saint Albans, 7,193.

First railroad, 1849, from Bellows Falls to Burlington by way of Rutland; present mileage, 937.

Number farms, 35,522. Average value per acre, cleared land, $15.28; woodland, $17.73. Corn crop, 1884, 1,998,700 bushels; wheat, 364,500 bushels; oats, 3,625,000 bushels. Latest report for hay, 1,148,100 tons; potatoes, 4,708,550 bushels; cheese, 6,121,130 lbs.; butter, 25,245,826 lbs.

Salaries State Officers.

Governor $1,000 Lieut. Gov. $6 a day. Sec'y of State 1,700 Treasurer 1,700 Auditor 2,000 Insp. Finances 500 R. R. Com'r 500 Adjutant Gen. 750 Supt. Pub. Inst'n 1,400 Chief Justice 2,500 6 Asso. Justices 2,500 Senators, Representatives $3 a day. Dist. Judge 3,500 Col. Int. Rev. 2,650 Col. of Customs 1,000 & fees

Presidential P. O.

Barre $1,400 Bellows Falls 1,800 Bennington 1,700 Bradford 1,600 Brandon 1,500 Brattleboro 2,400 Burlington 2,600 Fair Haven 1,400 Middlebury 1,700 Montpelier 2,300 Poultney 1,400 Rutland 2,500 St. Albans 2,100 St. Johnsbury 2,200 Springfield 1,500 Vergennes 1,600 West Randolph 1,500 Woodstock 1,500 11 P. O. $1,400 to 1,000

Mineral wealth of great value; manganese, copper pyrites, iron ore, and gold deposits have been found. Black, white, red and variegated marbles are abundant; annual value marble, over $3,000,000, and of slate, about $1,000,000.

Number different industries, 2,874, giving employment to 17,540 persons. Number butter and cheese establishments, 85; flour and grist, 227; furniture, 56; leather tanning, 53; lumber sawing, 688; marble and stone work, 69; wares of tin, sheet-iron and copper, 95.

Ranks fourth in copper, and seventh in hops and buckwheat.

Population: 332,286; male, 166,887; female, 165,399; native, 291,327; foreign, 40,959; white, 331,218; colored, 1,057: Indians, 11.

State elections biennial, first Tuesday in September; congressional and presidential, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 30; Representatives, 240; sessions of legislature biennial, in even-numbered years, meeting first Wednesday in October; limit of session, none; terms or Senators and Representatives, 2 years each.

Number electoral votes, 4; number voters, 95,621. Bribers excluded from voting.

Number colleges, 2; school population, 99,463: school age, 5-20.

Legal interest rate, 6; usury forfeits excess of interest. {85}

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{86}

MASSACHUSETTS. M[)a]s-sa-ch[=u]´sets. "OLD BAY STATE."

One of the thirteen original States; first permanent settlement made by English Puritans, at Plymouth, 1620.

Area, 8,315 square miles; length, northeast and southwest, 160 miles; breadth, 47 to 100 miles. Number counties, 14.

Temperature at Boston: winter, 27° to 38°; summer, 66° to 71°; rainfall, 45 inches.

Boston, capital and metropolis; pop., 390,406. Lowell, Lawrence and Fall River famous for cotton manufactures; pops., 64,051, 38,845 and 56,863. Worcester, great railroad and manufacturing centre; pop., 68,383. Cambridge, seat of Harvard College, the oldest in America, pop., 59,660. Lynn, famous for manufacture of boots and shoes; pop., 45,861. New Bedford, greatest whaling port in the world; pop., 33,393. Springfield contains greatest arsenal in the United States; pop., 37,577.

Number of farms, 38,406; average value per acre, cleared land, $85; woodland, $43.25. Hay, the most valuable crop; wheat, 1884, 19,000 bushels; oats, 717,000; corn, 1,941,300 bu. Ranks first in cotton, woolen and worsted goods, and in cod and mackerel fisheries, owning over half of the fishing vessels of the United States; second in wealth and commerce; third in manufactures and in printing and publishing; fourth in silk goods; fifth in soap; sixth in iron and steel; ninth in agricultural implements.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $5,000 Lt. Governor 2,000 Sec'y of State 3,000 Treasurer 4,000 Auditor 2,500 Attorney Gen. 4,000 Chief Justice 6,500 6 Asso. Justices 6,000 District Judge 4,000 Senators, } Representatives } $650 per year. Pension Ag't 4,000 3 Collectors Int. Rev. 3,000 to 4,500 Coll. of Customs, Boston 8,000 Naval Officer 5,000

Presidential P. O.

Boston $6,000 Brockton 2,500 Fall River 2,800 Fitchburg 2,600 Gloucester 2,500 Haverhill 2,600 Holyoke 2,700 Lawrence 2,700 Lowell 3,200 Lynn 3,100 New Bedford 3,000 Northampton 2,500 Pittsfield 2,700 Salem 2,700 Springfield 3,200 Taunton 2,600 Worcester 3,300 101 Offices 2,400 to 1,000

Population 1,941,465; male, 932,429; female, 1,009,036; native, 1,459,982; foreign, 481,483; white, 1,920,498; colored, 20,361; Chinese, 229; Japanese, 8; Indians, 369.

State, congressional and presidential elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November. Number Senators, 40; Representatives, 240; sessions annual, meeting first Wednesday in January; limit of session, none; terms of Senators and Representatives, one year each. Number electoral votes, 14; number voters, 544,192; native white, 353,347; foreign white, 184,439; colored, 6,406; Paupers, persons under guardians, non-taxpayers, and men unable to read and write excluded from voting.

Number quarries, 113; ports of entry, 9; customs districts, 11. First American newspaper, Boston, 1690; first freight railroad in United States, Quincy; first American library at Harvard College.

Number colleges, 7; education compulsory; schools excellent; school age, 5-15.

Legal interest rate, 6; by contract, any rate. {87}

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{88}

RHODE ISLAND. R[=o]d I´land. "LITTLE RHODY."

One of the thirteen original States and smallest in the Union; supposed temporary settlement by Icelanders as early as 1000; settled by Roger Williams at Providence, 1636; last of the thirteen colonies to ratify the Constitution, which it did in 1790.

Area, 1,250 square miles; extreme length, north and south, 47 miles; extreme width, 40 miles. Good harbors at Providence, Bristol, Warren and Newport, the latter one of the finest in the world. Number counties, 5.

Temperature at Newport: Winter, 29° to 43°; summer, 64° to 71°: rainfall, 43 inches.

United States customs districts at Newport, Providence, Bristol and Warren; two capitals, Providence and Newport; populations, 117,628 and 19,552. Population of Lincoln, 17,269; of Pawtucket, 22,894; of Warwick, 13,284; of Woonsocket, 16,145.

Number farms, 6,216. Hay the most valuable crop; yield of 1883, 81,708 tons; potato crop, 845,185 bushels; corn crop, 1884, 890,000 bushels; oats, 161,000 bushels. Latest reported dairy products: milk, 3,831,706 gallons; butter, 1,007,103 lbs.; cheese, 67,171 lbs.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $1,000 Lieut. Gov 500 Sec'y of State 2,500 Gen. Treasurer 2,500 State Auditor } Ins. Com'r } 2,500 Railroad Com'r 500 Attorney Gen 2,500 Adjutant Gen 600 Com. Pub. Schls 2,500 Chief Justice 4,500 4 Asso. Justices 4,000 Senators, } $1 per day Representatives } mileage 8 cents. District Judge $3,500 Apr. of Cust'ms 3,000 Clerk 1,200 3 Collectors Fees. 4 Dep. Colls. $1,000 to 2,000 Col. Int. Rev 2,750 5 Dep. Colls. 1,200 to 1,400 Supt. Life Saving Ser. 1,800 Asst. Supt. 1,000 36 Keepers 700

Presidential P. O.

Bristol $1,700 Central Falls 1,700 E. Greenwich 1,600 Lonsdale 1,300 Newport 2,700 Olneyville 1,700 Pawtucket 2,600 Providence 3,500 Warren 1,300 Westerly 2,100 Woonsocket 2,300

Outranks, in proportion to its size, all other States in value of manufactures. Number looms, 30,274; spindles, 1,649,295, using 161,694 bales of cotton, and giving employment to 22,228 persons. Ranks second in cotton, flax and linen goods.

Value of cotton goods manufactured, $24,609,461; woolen goods, $15,410,450; worsted goods, $6,177,754; boots and shoes, rubber, $1,455,420; dyeing and finishing textiles, $6,874,254; foundry and machine-shop products, $6,281,707; jewelry, $5,650,133.

Population. 303,816; male, 146,135; female, 157,681; native, 222,697; foreign, 81,119; white, 296,585; colored, 7,127; Chinese, 27; Indians, 77.

State elections, first Wednesday in April; congressional, and presidential, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 36; Representatives, 72; sessions annual; meeting last Tuesday in May, at Newport, and an adjourned session annually at Providence; limit of session, none; terms of Senators and Representatives, 1 year each.

Number electoral votes, 4; number voters, 84,460; persons without property to the value of $134 excluded from voting.

Number colleges. 1; Brown's University, at Providence, founded 1764; common school system excellent; school age, 5-15.

Legal interest rate, 6; by contract, any rate. {89}

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{90}

CONNECTICUT Kon-net´e-kut. "NUTMEG STATE."

Name of Indian origin, signifying Long River.

One of the thirteen original States; first permanent settlement made by English at Hartford, 1635.

Area, 4,990 square miles; average length, 86 miles; average breadth, 55 miles; seacoast, over 100 miles. Principal river valleys: Thames, Connecticut and Housatonic. Most important harbors: Bridgeport, New Haven, New London, Saybrook and Stonington. Number counties, 8.

Temperature at New Haven: winter, 27° to 40°; summer, 68° to 74°: rainfall, 44 inches.

Hartford the capital, and noted for banking and insurance business; population, 42,015. New Haven, "City of Elms," the metropolis, and noted for educational institutions; population, 62,882. Bridgeport, noted for manufacture of fire-arms and sewing machines; population, 27,343. Waterbury, an important manufacturing city; population, 17,806. Fairfield, Middletown, New Haven, New London and Stonington are ports of entry.

Number farms, 30,598. Average value per acre, cleared land, $29; woodland, $24.50. Corn crop of 1884, 1,767,790 bu.; wheat, 86,200 bu.; oats, 1,112,000 bu. Latest reported dairy products: milk, 12,289,893 gals.; butter, 8,292,360 lbs.; cheese, 1,028,015 lbs.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $4,000 Lieut. Gov. 500 Sec'y of State 1,500 Treasurer 1,500 Comptroller 1,500 Sec. State Bd. Ed. 3,000 Adjutant Gen. 1,200 Ins. Com'r. 3,500 3 R. R. Com'rs. 3,000 Chief Justice 4,500 4 Asso. Justices 4,000 Senators, } $300 and Representatives } mileage District Judge 3,500 2 Colls. In. Rev. 3,000 13 Deputy Collectors 800 to 1,775 Stmpd. En. Agt. 2,500

Presidential P. O.

Ansonia $2,100 Birmingham 2,200 Bridgeport 3,100 Bristol 1,900 Danbury 2,400 Hartford 3,400 Meriden 2,700 Middletown 2,600 New Britain 2,500 New Haven 3,400 New London 2,600 Norwalk 2,000 Norwich 2,700 South Norwich 2,000 Stamford 2,400 Waterbury 2,700 Willimantic 2,100 38 Offices 1,800 to 1,000

Number different industries, 4,488. Capital invested in manufacture: rubber goods, $1,681,600; carpets, other than rag, $3,085,000; clocks, $1,816,400; cotton goods, $21,104,200; woolen goods, $7,907,452; sewing machines and attachments, $6,490,650.

Ranks first in clocks, third in silk goods, fourth in cotton goods, eighth in tobacco.

Population, 622,700: male, 305,782; female, 316,918; native, 492,708; foreign, 129,992; white, 610,769; colored, 11,547; Chinese, 123; Japanese, 6; Indians, 255.

State elections, annual, at same date as congressional and presidential; number Senators, 21; Representatives, 249; meeting of legislature, Wednesday after first Monday in January; limit, none; term of Senators, 2 years; of Representatives, 1 year.

Number electoral votes, 6; number voters, 177,291. Convicts and those unable to read are excluded from voting.

Number colleges, 3, having about 160,000 volumes in libraries; Yale College, at New Haven, founded, 1701. School age, 4-16.

Legal interest rate, 6; no penalty for usury, but more than 6 per cent. can not be collected by law. {91}

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{92}

NEW YORK. "EMPIRE OR EXCELSIOR STATE."

One of the thirteen original States; named in honor of the Duke of York to whom the patent was granted; first settled by Dutch, on Manhattan Island, 1614.

Area, 49,170 square miles; extreme length, east and west, 412 miles; extreme breadth, 311 miles; two-thirds of boundaries formed by navigable rivers; total water frontage, 880 miles. Number counties, 60. Temperature at Albany: winter, 22° to 36°; summer, 67° to 73°. Rainfall at Buffalo, 34 inches, and at Penn Yan, 28 inches.

New York City, chief commercial point of United States, ranking 1st in exports and imports; pop., 1,206,299,--greater by nearly three-fifths than that of the Territories. Brooklyn is 2d in size; pop. 566,663. Buffalo, "Queen City of the Lakes," is, next to Chicago, most important shipping point for grain on the lakes; pop., 155,134. Rochester, noted for manufactures and extensive nurseries; pop., 89,366. Syracuse has extensive salt works; pop., 51,792. Albany, the capital; pop., 90,758; customs districts, 10.

First railroad, from Albany to Schenectady, 1831; present railroad mileage, 7,349; artificial waterways, 907 miles.

Number farms, 241,058; average value per acre, cleared land, $58.48; woodland, $40.88

Salaries of State Officers.

Gov'r $10,000 and house Lieut. Gov. 5,000 Sec'y of State 5,000 Treasurer 5,000 Comptroller 6,000 Attorney Gen. 5,000 Chief Justice 7,500 Senators & } 1,500 Representatives } m'l'ge 10 cts. 3 Dist. Judges 4,000 Pension Agt. 4,000 Pos. Stamp Agt. 2,500 D. Supt. R'y Ser. 2,500 12 Colls. Int. Revenue 2,750 to 4,500 Col. Customs New York 12,000 Supt. Assay O. 4,500

Presidential P. O.