Part 13

Boulder $1,900 Canon City 1,600 Central City 1,700 Colorado Spgs. 2,400 Denver 3,400 Durango 1,700 Fort Collins 1,700 Georgetown 1,700 Golden 1,600 Greeley 1,800 Gunnison 1,900 Leadville 2,800 Pueblo 2,400 Salida 1,600 Silverton 1,800 South Pueblo 2,200 Trinidad 1,800 17 Offices 1,600 to 1,000

Corn crop, 1884, 710,000 bushels; wheat, 2,348,000 bushels; oats, 1,516,000 bushels; 1,209,000 bushels produced 1883, the yield being 29.3 bushels per acre; hay, 114,505 tons, valued at $1,545,818. Cattle raising a safe and profitable business; sheep husbandry still more profitable; latest reported estimate gives 815,674 cattle, 1,248,360 sheep and 12,342 swine.

Population, 243,910: male, 144,781; female, 99,129: native, 192,568; foreign, 51,342: white, 239,585; colored, 3,262; Chinese, 861; Indians, 202.

State, congressional and presidential elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 26: Representatives, 49; sessions biennial, in odd-numbered years, meeting first Monday in January; limit of session, 40 days; term of Senators, 4 years; of Representatives, 2 years.

Number electoral votes, 3; number voters, 93,608; native white, 65,215; foreign white, 26,873; colored, 1,520. Persons in prison excluded from voting.

Not a mile of railroad in use in 1870; mileage, January 1, 1886, 2,857. Number colleges, 3; school population, 40,208; school age, 6-21.

Legal Interest rate, 10; by contract, any rate. {153}

* * * * *

{154}

NEW MEXICO.

Named in honor of one of the gods of the Aztecs, the ancient inhabitants of Mexico.

Colonized by Spaniards, 1582; Santa Fé being oldest town in United States, next to St. Augustine; organized 1850.

Area, 122,580 square miles; length eastern boundary, 345 miles; western, 390 miles; average breadth north of 32°, 335 miles; altitude, 3,000 to 4,000 feet. Number counties, 13.

Temperature at Santa Fé, winter, 27° to 37°; summer, 66° to 70°. Rainfall, Fort Marcy, 17 inches.

Santa Fé is capital and principal city; pop., 6,635. Las Vegas, Silver City and Albuquerque are growing in importance.

But 8 miles railroad in operation in 1878, having increased to 1,140, January 1, 1884.

Crops abundant wherever water can be obtained, and corn will ripen almost anywhere; 6,060 square miles irrigable land; number farms, 5,053; corn crop, 1884, 950,000 bu.; wheat, 930,000 bu.; oats, 252,000 bu. Total acreage of the Territory, 78,451,200; in farms, 631,131; in forests, 219,224; unoccupied, 77,820,069; proportion woodland area in the farm lands, 35 per cent. Average value corn, 1884, 68 cents; wheat, 90 cents; oats, 40 cents.

Salaries Territor'l Officers.

Governor $2,600 Secretary 1,800 Treasurer 1,000 Auditor 1,000 Com'r Immig'n 900 Librarian 600 Chief Justice 3,000 2 Asso. Justices 3,000 Senators, } $4 a day Representatives } & 20c. mileage. Col. Int. Rev. 2,500 2 Dep Colls. Int. Rev. 1,200 to 1,700 Surveyor Gen. 2,500 Translator and Chief Clerk 2,000 2 Spec'l Draftsmen 1,500 Clerk 1,500 Messenger 500

Indian Agents

Jicarilla $1,200 Mescalero 1,500 Navajo 1,500 Pueblo 2,000

Presidential P. O.

Albuquerque $2,300 Deming 1,500 Las Vegas 2,100 Raton 1,200 Santa Fe 2,000 Silver City 1,800 Socorro 1,600

Grazing interest extensive and valuable. Recent reports give mules, 10,183; sheep, 4,435,200, valued at $7,539,840; hogs, 23,353, valued at $187,758.

Mineral wealth is rapidly developing. Gold is found in Grant, Lincoln, Colfax and Bernalillo counties; rich copper mines on the San Pedro Grant, in Bernalillo county, and in the Pinos Altos region. Zinc, quicksilver, lead, manganese, and large deposits of coal have been found. Gold production, 1882, was $150,000; silver, $1,800,000.

Population, 119,565: male, 64,496; female, 55,069; native, 111,514; foreign, 8,051; white, 108,721; colored, 1,015; Chinese, 57; Indians, 9772

Territorial and congressional elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 12; Representatives, 24; sessions of legislature biennial, in even-numbered years, meeting first Monday in January; limit of session, 60 days; terms of Senators and Representatives, 2 years each. Voting population, 34,076; native white, 26,423; foreign white, 4,558; colored, 3,095.

School population, 20,255; school age, 7-18.

Legal interest rate, 6; by contract, 12. {155}

* * * * *

{156}

ARIZONA. Ar-[)i]-z[=o]´na.

First visited by Spanish explorers as early as 1526; set off from New Mexico and became a Territory, 1863.

Area, 113,020 square miles; greatest length, 375 miles; greatest breadth, 340 miles. Country drained by Colorado and Gila, with their tributaries; number counties, 11.

Temperature at Prescott: winter, 34° to 42°; summer, 71° to 73°. Rainfall at Fort Defiance, 14 inches.

Tucson, the largest town: population, 7,007. Prescott, the capital. Railroad mileage, 865; Southern Pacific crosses from east to west near southern boundary, and Atlantic & Pacific north of the central portion, making ready communication with East and West.

Crop reports, 1883: wheat, 222,200 bu.; barley, 330,775 bu.; potatoes, 52,936 bu.: hay, 10,710 tons; corn acreage, 1884, 2,850, producing 60,300 bu. Soil fertile in river bottoms and among valleys of Middle and Eastern Arizona, corn planting following wheat or barley harvest, giving two crops yearly; oranges and other fruits and potatoes produce well wherever there is water; principal portion of irrigable land lies in valley of Gila and its northern branches; rich and abundant grasses, together with mild climate, make much of the Territory well adapted to stock raising; valuable timber on the mountains and along the streams.

Salaries Territorial Officers.

Governor $2,600 Secretary 1,800 Treasurer 1,000 Auditor 1,000 Supt. Pub. Inst. 2,000 Librarian 600 Chief Justice 3,000 2 Asso. Justices 3,000 Senators, } $4 a day Representatives } and 20c. mileage. 3 Dist. Judges. 3,000 Col. Int. Rev. 2,250 2 Deputy Collectors 1,600 to 1,700 Clerk 1,100 Surveyor Gen. 2,500 Chief Clerk 2,400 Land Clerk 1,600 Land Copyist 1,200 Spanish Trans'r 2,500

Indian Agents.

Colorado River $1,500 Pima & Maricopa 1,800 San Carlos 2,000

Presidential P. O.

Clifton $1,000 Globe 1,100 Phoenix 1,500 Prescott 1,800 Tombstone 1,900 Tucson 2,300

Abundant mineral wealth, which can now be developed with profit, owing to completion of railways; nearly all mountain ranges contain gold, silver, copper and lead; gold production, 1882, $1,065,000; silver, $7,500,000.

Ranks second in silver, and ninth in gold.

Superior quality of lime found near Prescott and Tucson; beds of gypsum in San Pedro valley; remarkable deposits of pure, transparent salt near Callville.

Population, 40,440: male, 28,202; female, 12,238; native, 24,391; foreign, 16,049; white, 35,160; colored, 155; Chinese, 1,630; Indians, 3493

Territorial and congressional elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 12; Representatives, 24; sessions of legislature biennial, in even-numbered years, meeting first Monday in January; limit of session, 60 days; terms of Senators and Representatives, 2 years each. Voting population, 20,398; native white, 9,790; foreign white, 8,256; colored, 2,352.

School population, 10,283; school age, 6-21.

Legal interest rate, 10; by contract, any rate; no penalty for usury. {157}

* * * * *

{158}

UTAH. Yoo´tah.

Settled by Mormons under the leadership of Brigham Young, Salt Lake, 1847. Territorial government formed 1850.

Area, 84,900 square miles, very nearly same as Idaho; average length, 350 miles; breadth, 260 miles. Largest rivers, Grand and Green, together with the Colorado, which they unite to form. Number counties, 24.

Temperature at Salt Lake City: winter, 29° to 40°; summer, 69° to 77°: rainfall, 24 inches.

Salt Lake City, capital and metropolis; pop., 20,768. Ogden, at junction of Union and Central Pacific, pop., 6,069. Railroad mileage, 1,134; Union and Central Pacific through the north.

Number farms, 9,452; land under cultivation, over 400,000 acres; value farm products, $10,000,000. Valleys of the Cache, Salt Lake, Jordan, Sevier and Rio Virgin, are irrigable, and produce fine crops of cereals and vegetables. Wheat crop of 1884, 1,675,000 bushels.

Annual income from stock raising, about $2,000,000, though grazing interest perhaps not so important as in neighboring States and Territories.

Salaries of Territorial Officers.

Governor $2,600 Secretary 1,800 Treasurer 600 Auditor 1,500 Supt. Pub. Ins. 1,500 Librarian 250 Chief Justice 3,000 2 Asso. Justices 3,000 Senators, } $4 a day, Representatives } mileage 20 cents. Dist. Attorney 250 & fees. 11. U.S. Commissioners Fees. Col. Int. Rev. 2,500 2 Dep'y Collectors 1,600 to 1,800 Surveyor Gen. 2,500 Chief Clerk 1,800 Chief Draftsman 1,500

Indian Agents

Ouray $1,500 Clerk 1,000 Uintah Valley 1,500 Clerk 1,000

Presidential P. O.

Logan $1,200 Ogden City 2,400 Park City 1,500 Provo City 1,100 Salt Lake City 2,900

Gold, copper and silver found in Wahsatch Mountains, the metal found being mostly silver. Gold production, 1882, $190,000; silver, $6,800,000.

Production coal, 1882, 250,000 tons; principal source of supply in valley of Weber river.

Ranks third in silver, and seventh in salt, an inexhaustible supply of the latter being furnished by the lake.

Population, 143,963: male, 74,509; female, 69,454; native, 99,969; foreign, 43,994; white, 142,423; colored, 232; Chinese, 501; Indians, 807

Territorial elections annual, first Monday in August; congressional elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 12; Representatives, 24; sessions of legislature, biennial, in odd-numbered years, meeting second Monday in January; limit of session, 60 days; terms of Senators and Representatives, 2 years each.

Voting population, 32,773: native white, 13,795; foreign white, 18,283; colored, 695.

School population, 43,303; school age, 6-18; number colleges, 1.

Legal Interest rate, 10; by contract, any rate. {159}

* * * * *

{160}

WYOMING. W[=i]-[=o]´ming.

First settlements, trading posts of Forts Laramie and Bridger; organized 1869.

Area, 97,890 square miles; very nearly a rectangle, and about the same area as Oregon; length, 350 miles; breadth, 275 miles. Largest rivers, Green, Snake, Big Horn, Powder, Big Cheyenne and North Platte. Number counties, 9. Temperature at Cheyenne: winter, 23° to 33°; summer, 63° to 69°. Rainfall at Fort Laramie, 15 inches.

Cheyenne is the capital and principal distributing point. Railroad mileage, 625; Union Pacific runs through extreme south from east to west, and connects Cheyenne with Denver.

Wheat, rye, oats and barley flourish, but frosts too frequent for corn. Big Horn country, in northwest, has area 15,000 square miles; fine agricultural country; water plentiful; game and fur-bearing animals numerous, rendering it one of most desirable hunting grounds of America. Grazing interest important, and increasing rapidly, more than half the area being rich grazing land. Mountains covered with forests of coniferæ, which will prove very useful for lumber.

Salaries of Territorial Officers.

Governor $2,600 Secretary 1,800 Treas., $800 and com. Auditor 1,000 Supt. Pub. Inst. 400 Librarian 400 Chief Justice 3,000 2 Asso. Justices 3,000 Senators, } $4 a day Representatives } and 20c. mileage. Col. Int. Rev. 2,000 2 Dept. Colls. Inter. Rev. 1,400 to 1,500 Surveyor Gen. 2,500 Chief Clerk 2,000 Chief Draftsman 1,800 8 Asst. Draftsmen 1,400 6 Asst. Draftsmen 1,200 2 Transcribing Clerks 1,400 6 Transcribing Clerks 1,200 Messenger 600 Supt. Yellowstone Nat. Pk. 2,000 10 Assistants 900

Presidential P. O.

Cheyenne City $2,400 Evanston 1,500 Laramie City 1,800 Rawlins 1,400

Mineral resources extensive; iron ore abundant; copper, lead, plumbago and petroleum found; gold, in the Sweetwater country and near Laramie City; valuable deposits of soda in valley of the Sweetwater. Coal abundant and of good quality at Evanston, Carbon, Rock Springs and other points; these deposits extensively worked, and furnish nearly all the coal used by the railroads and by settlements hundreds of miles east and west.

But little attention has as yet been given to mechanical and manufacturing industries. Capital, as last reported, $364,673, of which $212,603 is invested in manufacture of iron and steel. Value of products of the latter is $491,345; total value of products, $898,494. Number hands employed, 391.

Population, 20,789: male, 14,152; female, 6,637; native, 14,939; foreign, 5,850; white, 19,437; colored, 298; Chinese, 914; Indians, 140.

Territorial and congressional elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 12; Representatives, 24; sessions of legislature biennial, in even-numbered years, meeting second Tuesday in January; limit of session, 60 days; terms of Senators and Representatives, 2 years each. Voting population, 10,180; native white, 6,042; foreign white, 3,199; colored, 939.

Good school system started; school pop., 4,112; school age, 7-21.

Legal interest rate, 12; by contract, any rate. {161}

* * * * *

{162}

MONTANA. M[)o]n-ta´nah.

Formerly a part of Idaho; became a Territory, 1864; received about 2,000 square miles from Dakota, 1873.

Area, 146,080 square miles; length, east and west, 460 to 540 miles; average breadth, 275 miles. Drained by the Missouri and its tributaries and the tributaries of the Colorado. Number of counties, 14

Temperature at Virginia City, winter, 17° to 30°; summer, 55° to 65°: rainfall seldom exceeds 12 inches per annum.

Three U.S. districts; court held twice a year at Helena, twice at Virginia City, and three times at Deer Lodge. Helena, the capital and most important town. Railroad mileage, 1,032; Northern Pacific extends through the Territory from east to west.

Immense areas cultivable land; cereal productions, 1882, were 1,857,540 bu., of which 1,100,000 were oats; potatoes yielded 300,000 bu., and hay 93,000 tons. Wheat crop in 1884, 1,372,000 bu.; oats, 1,740,000 bu. Some varieties of corn grown in portions of Territory, but generally too cold.

Grazing interest of value; estimated area valuable grazing land, 100,000 square miles; great extent of plains and mountain valleys yet untouched by herdsmen. Latest returns give 686,839 cattle, 465,750 sheep, and 17,544 swine.

Salaries Territorial Officers.

Governor $2,600 Secretary 1,800 Treasurer 1,500 Auditor 1,500 Supt. Public Instruction 1,200 Chief Justice 3,000 2 Asso. Justices 3,000 Senators, } $4 pr. day Repres'ntatives } and 20 c. mileage. Surveyor Gen. 2,500 Chief Clerk 1,800 Chf. Draftsman 1,600 Col. Int. Rev 2,500 5 Deputy Colls. Internal Rev. 1,600 Assayer 2,500 Melter 2,250

Indian Agents.

Blackfeet $1,800 Crow 2,000 Flathead 1,500

Presidential P. O.

Billings $1,500 Bozeman 1,800 Butte City 2,500 Deer Lodge City 1,500 Dillon 1,400 Fort Benton 1,600 Glendive 1,100 Helena 2,500 Livingston 1,600 Miles City 1,600 Missoula 1,700 Virginia City 1,000

One of richest mining countries in the world; mineral wealth almost inexhaustible. Product for 1879 was $3,629,000, of which 2/3 was gold and 1/3 silver; product, 1880, was $3,822,379, of which 2/3 was silver and 1/3 gold; production, 1882, $6,920,000, of which 2/3 was silver and 1/3 gold.

Manufacturing interests mainly smelting works, and flour and lumber mills. Ranks fifth in silver and in gold.

Population, 39,139; male, 28,177; female, 10,982; native, 27,638; foreign, 11,521; white, 35,385; colored, 346; Chinese, 1,765; Indians, 1663

Territorial and congressional elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 12; Representatives, 24; sessions of legislature, biennial, in odd-numbered years, meeting second Monday in January; limit of session, 60 days; terms of Senators and Representatives, 2 years each. Voting population, 21,544; native white, 12,162; foreign white, 7,474; colored, 1,908.

School population, 10,482; school age, 4-21; graded schools in Deer Lodge City, Virginia City and Helena.

Legal interest rate, 10; by contract, any rate. {163}

* * * * *

{164}

IDAHO. [=I]´dah-ho

White population previous to 1850, mainly trappers, prospectors and missionaries; permanent settlement began with discovery of gold, 1860; organized as Territory, 1863.

Area, 84,800 square miles; length in west, 485 miles, and on Wyoming boundary, 140 miles; width, 45 miles in north, and nearly 300 miles in south. Drainage mainly by Salmon and Snake rivers and their tributaries. Number counties, 15.

Temperature at Boisé City: winter, 30° to 40°; summer, 68° to 75°.

Boisé City, the capital, and contains national bank and penitentiary. Florence and Silver City are flourishing mining towns. Railroad mileage, 777; Northern Pacific crosses northern part.

Extreme north well timbered and much fertile land; extreme southeast populated almost entirely by Mormons, chiefly farmers; 4,480,000 acres suitable for agriculture, and 5,000,000 for grazing, most of the ranges being as yet unoccupied. Latest reports give, cattle, 220,612; sheep, 187,500; swine, 24,780.

Cash value per acre of corn in 1883, $18; wheat, $13.77; rye, $11.79; oats, $21.31; barley, $21.30; potatoes, $73.44; hay, $10.40.

Salaries Territorial Officers.

Governor $2,600 Secretary 1,800 Treasurer 1,000 Auditor 1,800 Librarian 250 Chief Justice 3,000 2 Asso. Justices 3,000 Senators, } $4 a day Representatives } and 20c. mileage. 2 Dist. Attorneys 250 & fees Col. Int. Rev. 2,250 3 Dep. Collectors 1,400 to 1,600 Assayer 2,000 Asst. Assayer 1,440 Clerk 1,000 Asst. Melter 1,200 Surveyor Gen'l 2,500 Chief Clerk 1,800 Draftsman 1,500 Messenger 600

Indian Agents.

Fort Hall $1,500 Lemhi 1,100 Nez Perces 1,600

Presidential P. O.

Bellevue $1,200 Boise City 1,800 Hailey 1,200 Ketchum 1,000 Lewiston 1,200

Most of the gold is found in Idaho, Boisé and Alturas counties; silver, in Owyhee county; some of the mines being very rich. Gold production, 1883, $1,500,000; silver, $2,000,000. Wood River District on southern slope of Salmon River Mountains, at headwaters of Wood or Malade river, gives promise of valuable mining operations. Coal in vicinity of Boisé City. Ranks sixth in gold and silver.

Manufactures, chiefly production of flour and lumber, and smelting of ores.

Population, 32,610: males, 21,818; female, 10,792; native, 22,636; foreign, 9,974; white, 29,013; colored, 53; Chinese, 3,379; Indians, 165

Territorial and congressional elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 12; Representatives, 24; sessions of legislature biennial, in even-numbered years, meeting second Monday in December; limit of session, 60 days; terms of Senators and Representatives, 2 years each.

Voting population, 14,795; native white, 7,331; foreign white, 4,385; colored, 3,126.

School population, 9,650; school age, 521.

Legal interest rate, 10; by contract, 18; usury forfeits three times excess of interest. {165}

* * * * *

{166}

NEVADA. Ne-vah´dah. "SAGE HEN STATE."

Name of Spanish derivation, signifying "Snow-covered."

First white settlements in Washoe and Carson valleys, 1848; organized as a Territory from Utah, 1861; admitted, 1864.