Part 11

Bowling Green $1,800 Covington 2,600 Danville 1,800 Frankfort 2,300 Georgetown 1,600 Henderson 1,800 Hopkinsville 1,800 Lexington 2,700 Louisville 3,700 Maysville 2,000 Mt. Sterling 1,700 Newport 2,100 Owensborough 2,000 Paducah 2,300 Paris 1,800 Richmond 1,600 Shelbyville 1,600 22 Offices 1,500 to 1,000

Has a world-wide reputation for thoroughbred horses and cattle. Latest reports give for stock on farms, horses, 370,028; milch cows, 304,720; cattle other than cows and oxen, 505,746; sheep, 980,166; swine, 1,954,919. Ranks first in tobacco; fourth in malt and distilled liquors; sixth in hogs; seventh in corn; eighth in rye, coal and mules.

Population, 1,648,690; male, 832,590; female, 816,100; native, 1,589,173; foreign, 59,517; white, 1,377,179; colored, 271,451; Chinese, 10; Indians, 50; slaves, 1860, 225,483.

State elections biennial, first Monday in August, in odd-numbered years; congressional and presidential elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 38; Representatives, 100; sessions of legislature biennial, in even-numbered years, meeting last day of December; limit of session, 60 days, unless extended by vote; term of Senators, 4 years; of Representatives, 2 years.

Number electoral votes, 13; number voters, 376,221. Bribers, robbers and forgers excluded from voting.

Number colleges, 15; public school system framed, 1838; school age, 6-20.

Legal int., 6; by contract, 10; usury forfeits excess over 10 per cent. {129}

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{130}

OHIO. O-hi´o. "BUCKEYE STATE."

Name of Indian origin, signifying "Beautiful River."

First permanent settlement at Marietta, 1788; admitted as a State, 1802.

Area, 41,060 square miles; greatest length east and west, 225 miles: extreme breadth, 200 miles; Ohio river frontage, 430 miles; lake frontage, 230 miles; number counties, 88.

Temperature at Cleveland: winter, 27° to 38°; summer, 68° to 72° At Cincinnati: winter, 34° to 45°; summer, 74° to 79°. Rainfall at Cleveland, 38 inches.

Cincinnati, "Queen City of the West," founded 1789, the metropolis; pop., 255,139. Cleveland has one of the best harbors on the lake; pop., 160,146. Columbus, capital and great railroad center; pop., 51,647. Chillicothe, capital, 1800 to 1810; Zanesville, 1810 to 1812; Chillicothe, 1812 to 1816; Columbus, 1816. Toledo, Sandusky, Cleveland and Cincinnati ports of entry.

Number farms, 247,189, of which 199,562 are occupied by owners; average value per acre, cleared land, $47.53; woodland, $41.37 wheat crop, 1884, 41,186,000 bu.; corn, 85,393,000 bu.; Oats, 23,419,000 bu.; potatoes, 1883, 16,452,315 bu.; tobacco, 29,947,536 lbs. Average value corn, 1881, 41 cents; wheat, 75 cents; oats, 29 cents.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $4,000 Sec'y of State 3,000 Treasurer 3,000 Auditor 3,000 Attorney Gen. 2,000 School Comm'r. 2,000 Supt. Ins. Dep't 1,800 Railroad Com'r 2,000 Sec'y Board Ag. 1,800 Com. Lab. Stati. 2,000 Chief Justice 3,500 Senators, } $600 a y'r Representatives } and 12c. mileage. 2 District Judges 3,500, 4,000 Pension Agt. 4,000 8 Collectors Int. Rev. 2,500 to 4,500

Presidential P. O.

Akron $2,800 Canton 2,700 Chillicothe 2,400 Cincinnati 6,000 Cleveland 3,700 Columbus 3,400 Dayton 3,200 Delaware 2,400 Hamilton 2,400 Lima 2,400 Mansfield 2,700 Newark 2,400 Portsmouth 2,400 Sandusky 2,500 Springfield 3,100 Steubenville 2,400 Toledo 3,400 Youngstown 2,600 Zanesville 2,700 118 P.O. 2,300 to 1,000

Latest reported dairy products give: milk, 46,801,537 gallons; butter, 67,869,604 lbs.; cheese, 19,978,436 lbs. Pork packing extensively carried on; hogs packed winter 1881-82, 618,348.

Ranks first in agricultural implements and wool; second in petroleum, iron and steel; third in wheat, sheep, coal, malt and distilled liquors; fourth in printing and publishing, salt, miles railway and soap; fifth in milch cows, hogs, horses, hay, tobacco and iron ore.

Population, 3,198,062; male, 1,613,931; female, 1,584,126; natives 2,803,119; foreign, 394,943; white, 3,117,920; colored, 79,900; Chinese, 109; Indians, 130.

State and congressional elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 33; Representatives, 105; sessions biennial, but "adjourned sessions" practically amount to annual meetings; time, first Monday in January; limit of session, none; terms of Senators and Representatives, 2 years each.

Number electoral votes, 23; number voters, 826,577; insane and idiots excluded from voting.

Number colleges, 35; school population, 1,081,321; school age, 6-21.

Legal interest rate, 6; by contract, 8; usury forfeits excess above 6 per cent. {131}

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{132}

INDIANA. In-de-ah´nah. "HOOSIER STATE."

First settled by Canadian voyagers at Vincennes, 1702; organized as a Territory, 1800; admitted 1816.

Area, 36,350 square miles; extreme length, 276 miles; average breadth, 140 miles; shore line on Lake Michigan, 40 miles. Michigan City the lake port. Number counties, 92.

Temperature at Indianapolis: winter, 29° to 41°; summer, 73° to 78°. Rainfall at Richmond, 43 inches.

Indianapolis is the capital and most flourishing city, and contains deaf and dumb, blind, and insane asylums; pop., 75,056. Terre Haute, extensive iron, whisky and pork market; pop., 26,042 Evansville, commercial centre of the southwest; pop., 29,280. Fort Wayne, emporium of the northeast; pop., 26,880.

Number farms, 194,013; average value, per acre, cleared land, $30.46; woodland, $26.90. Corn the most valuable crop; yield of 1884, 104,757,000 bu.; wheat, 31,270,000 bu.; oats, 78,650,000 bu. Dairy interest large and increasing; also the business of pork packing. Latest reports give 37,659,029 lbs. butter, and 1,521,275 lbs. cheese. Number hogs packed, winter 1881-82, 349,261.

Coal fields, about 6,500 square miles, extending from Warren county south to the Ohio; varieties are coking coal, Indiana block and cannel.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $5,000 Lieut. Gov. $8 a day Sec'y of State 2,000 Treasurer 3,000 Auditor 1,500 Attorney Gen. 2,500 Supt. Pub. Inst. 2,500 Sec. Bd. of Agr. 1,200 Librarian 1,200 5 Judges. 4,000 Senators, } $6 a day Representatives } and 20c. per mile. District Judge 3,500 Pension Agent 4,000 6 Colls. Int. Rev. 2,375 to 4,500 Surveyor Customs $1,000 & fees

Presidential P. O.

Crawfordsville $2,100 Elkhart 2,400 Evansville 2,900 Fort Wayne 2,900 Goshen 2,200 Indianapolis 3,500 La Fayette 2,700 La Porte 2,200 Logansport 2,400 Madison 2,000 New Albany 2,300 Peru 2,000 Richmond 2,700 South Bend 2,600 Terre Haute 2,800 Valparaiso 2,200 Vincennes 2,200 36 Offices 1,900 to 1,500 40 Offices 1,400 to 1,000

Ranks second in wheat; fourth in corn, hogs and agricultural implements; sixth in coal; seventh in horses, oxen and other cattle, malt and distilled liquors, and miles of railway; ninth in hay and milch cows.

Pop., 1,978,301: male, 1,010,361; female, 967,940; native, 1,834,123; foreign, 144,178; white, 1,938,798; colored, 39,228; Chinese, 29; Indians, 246.

State, congressional and presidential elections. Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 50; Representatives, 100; sessions of legislature biennial, in odd-numbered years, meeting Thursday after first Monday in January; limit of session, 60 days; term of Senators, 4 years; of Representatives, 2 years.

Number electoral votes, 15; number voters, 498,437. Fraudulent voters and bribers excluded from voting.

Number colleges, 15; State University at Bloomington; medical school at Indianapolis; university at Notre Dame; flourishing common-school system; school population, 708,596; school age, 6-21.

Legal interest rate, 6; by contract, 8; usury forfeits excess of interest. {133}

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{134}

ILLINOIS Il-lin-oí "PRAIRIE OR SUCKER STATE."

From a tribe of Indians, signifying "a superior class of men."

First permanent settlement by French at Kaskaskia, 1682; organized as a Territory, 1809; admitted as a State, 1818.

Area, 56,650 square miles; greatest length, 385 miles; greatest breadth, 218 miles; highest land, 1,150 feet. Number of counties, 102. Has 4,000 miles navigable streams. Temperature at Chicago: winter, 25° to 37°; Summer, 68° to 73°. At Cairo: winter, 35° to 54°; summer, 76° to 80°. Rainfall at Peoria, 35 inches.

Kaskaskia, first capital, which was removed to Vandalia, 1818; and to Springfield, 1836. Chicago, "Garden City of the West;" pop., 503,185. Peoria ranks second; pop., 29,259. Quincy, third; pop., 27,268. Springfield, capital; pop., 19,743.

Number of farms, 255,741, of which 175,497 are occupied by owners. Value per acre, cleared land, $33.03; woodland, $23.68; 8,151,463 acres in corn, 1884, producing 244,544,000 bu.; wheat, 2,790,900 acres, producing 32,374,000 bu.; oats, 2,990,983 acres, producing 98,153,000 bu.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $6,000 Sec'y of State 3,500 Treasurer 3,500 Auditor 3,500 Attorney Gen. 3,500 Chief Justice 5,000 Senators, } $5 pr. day, Representatives } mileage 10c. & $50 2 Dist. Judges 4,000, 3,500 Pension Agent 4,000 8 Colls. Int. Rev. 2,125 to 4,500 Col. of Customs 7,000 Auditor 2,200 Appraiser 3,000 Examiner 2,000

Presidential P. O.

Aurora $2,500 Bloomington 2,900 Cairo 2,400 Chicago 6,000 Decatur 2,700 Elgin 3,200 Freeport 2,600 Galesburgh 2,600 Jacksonville 2,500 Joliet 2,600 Moline 2,500 Ottawa 2,400 Peoria 3,200 Quincy 3,000 Rockford 3,000 Rock Island 2,500 Springfield 2,800 173 Offices 2,400 to 1,000

First recorded coal mine in America located near Ottawa, 1669. Coal area, over three-fourths of entire State; estimated to contain one-seventh of all known coal in North America; product, 1882, 9,000,000 tons.

Superior quality limestone on Fox and Desplaines rivers; lead most important mineral; Galena in centre of richest diggings of the Northwest. Rich salt wells in Saline and Gallatin counties, 75 gallons brine making 50 pounds salt.

Ranks first in corn, wheat, oats, meat packing, lumber traffic, malt and distilled liquors and miles railway; second in rye, coal, agricultural implements, soap and hogs; fourth in hay, potatoes, iron and steel, mules, milch cows and other cattle.

Population, 3,077,871: male, 1,586,523; female, 1,491,348; native, 2,494,295; foreign, 583,576; white, 3,031,151; colored, 46,368; Chinese, 209; Japanese, 3; Indians, 140.

State, congressional and presidential elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 51; Representatives, 153; sessions biennial, in odd-numbered years, meeting first Monday in January; limit of session, none; term of Senators, 4 years; Representatives, 2 years. Number electoral votes, 22; number voters, 796,847; convicts are excluded from voting.

School system excellent; number colleges, 28: school age, 6-21.

Legal interest, 6; by contract, 8; usury forfeits entire interest. {135}

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{136}

MICHIGAN. Mish´e-gan "WOLVERINE OR LAKE STATE."

Name of Indian origin, signifying Lake country.

First white settlement within limits of State, Sault Ste. Marie, 1668; organized as Territory, 1805; admitted 1837.

Area, 58,915 square miles; length of lower peninsula, from north to south, 277 miles; greatest breadth, 259 miles. Length of upper peninsula, east to west, 318 miles; width, 30 to 164 miles. Length lake shoreline, 1,620 miles. Number counties, 82.

Temperature at Detroit, winter, 24° to 36°; summer, 67° to 72°: rainfall, 30 inches.

Detroit the metropolis; pop., 133,269. Grand Rapids, manufacturing city; pop., 41,934. Lansing, the capital; pop., 9,776. Pop. Bay City, 29,413; East Saginaw, 29,100; Jackson, 19,136; Muskegon, 17,845; Saginaw, 13,767. Detroit, Marquette, Port Huron and Grand Haven are ports of entry.

Number farms, 154,008. Value per acre, cleared land, $34.39; woodland, $20.27. Corn crop, 1884, 26,022,000 bu.; wheat, 29,772,000 bu.; oats, 19,990,000 bu. Fruit raising an important industry.

Copper mines in Houghton, Ontonagon, and Keweenaw counties; valuable iron ores in Marquette and Delta counties; coal in Shiawassee, Eaton, Ingham and Jackson counties. Salt manufactured in year ending November 30, 1884, 3,252,175 barrels.

Salaries State Officers.

Governor $1,000 Lieut. Gov. $3 a day Sec'y of State 800 Treasurer 1,000 Auditor Gen. 2,000 Supt. Pub. Inst'n 1,000 Adjutant Gen. 1,000 Secy Bd. Agr. 1,500 Insur. Com'r. 2,000 R. R. Com'r. 2,500 Immig. Com'r. 2,000 Chief Justice 4,000 Senators } $3 a day Representatives } and 10c per mile 2 Dist. Judges 3,500 Pension Agt. 4,000 4 Colls. Int. Revenue 3,875 to 2,625

Presidential P. O.

Adrian $2,400 Ann Arbor 2,600 Battle Creek 2,600 Bay City 2,700 Big Rapids 2,300 Detroit 3,700 East Saginaw 2,700 Flint 2,400 Grand Rapids 3,200 Jackson 2,700 Kalamazoo 2,700 Lansing 2,700 Marshall 2,300 Muskegon 2,500 Port Huron 2,400 Saginaw 2,300 52 P.O. $2,200 to 1,500 38 P.O. 1,400 to 1,100 9 P.O. 1,000

Ranks first in copper, lumber and salt; second in iron ore; third in buckwheat; fifth in sheep, hops and potatoes; sixth in wheat and barley; seventh in agricultural implements; eighth in miles railway; ninth in oats.

Grand Haven, Au Sable and Detroit are centres of valuable fishing interests; principal catch is trout and whitefish.

Population, 1,843,369: male, 958,551; female, 884,818; native, 1,419,395; foreign, 423,974; white, 1,817,562; colored, 17,548; Indians, 8,259.

State, congressional and presidential elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 32; Representatives, 100; sessions of legislature biennial, in odd-numbered years, meeting first Wednesday in January; limit of session, none; terms of Senators and Representatives, 2 years each.

Number electoral votes, 13; number voters, 467,687. Duelists are excluded from voting.

Number colleges, 9; efficient public schools; school age, 5-20.

Legal interest, 7; by contract, 10; usury forfeits excess of interest. {137}

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{138}

WISCONSIN. W[)i]s-k[)o]n´s[)i]n. "BADGER STATE."

From river of same name; an Indian word signifying "Wild-rushing River." First settled by French, at Green Bay, 1669; organized as a Territory, 1836; first Territorial legislature at Belmont, Sept. 1, 1836; admitted as a State, 1847.

Area, 56,040 square miles; greatest length, 300 miles; greatest breadth, 260 miles; Mississippi river navigable throughout southwest boundary; excellent harbors in Lake Superior on north, and Lake Michigan on east. Port Washington, one of the finest natural harbors in tie world. Number counties, 67. Temperature at Milwaukee; winter, 19°to 31°; summer, 63° to 70°; rainfall, 30 inches.

Milwaukee, port of entry, great pork packing and beer brewing centre; also grain and wheat market: pop., 158,509. Madison, capital; pop., 12,064. Population Eau Claire, 21,668; Fond du Lac, 12,726.

Number farms, 102,904; average value per acre, cleared land, $26.27; woodland, $19.55. Wheat most valuable crop; cultivation of flax increasing; many acres devoted to culture of cranberries; buckwheat crop, 1883, 177,792 bu.; hay, 2,354,835 tons; corn, 1884, 26,200,000 bu.; oats, 45,940,000 bu.; wheat, 20,083,000 bu. Latest reported dairy products: milk, 25,156,977 gals.; butter, 33,739,055 lbs.; cheese, 19,088,405 lbs.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $5,000 Sec'y of State 5,000 Treasurer 5,000 Attorney Gen. 3,000 Railr'd Com'r. 3,000 Chief Justice 5,000 4 Asso. Justices 5,000 2 Dist. Judges 3,500 Senators, } $500 per y'r, Representatives } mileage 10c. Pension Agent 4,000 Indian Agent 1,500 4 Colls. Int. Revenue 4,500 to 2,750 23 Deputy Collect'rs 1,800 to 300 Collect'r of Customs 1,000 & fees.

Presidential P. O.

Appleton $2,400 Beloit 2,300 Chippewa Falls 2,100 Eau Claire 2,600 Fond du Lac 2,500 Green Bay 2,200 Janesville 2,500 La Crosse 2,600 Madison 2,700 Milwaukee 3,600 Oshkosh 2,600 Racine 2,700 Sheboygan 2,100 Watertown 2,000 Waukesha 2,000 Wausau 2,000 Whitewater 1,900 66 Offices 1,800 to 1,000

Extensive lead mines in Grant, Lafayette and Iowa counties; native copper in the north, in Crawford and Iowa counties. Milwaukee clay famous for making cream-colored brick. Iron ores in Dodge, Sauk, Jackson and Ashland counties.

Ranks second in hops, third in barley and potatoes, fourth in rye and buckwheat, fifth in oats and agricultural implements, seventh, in iron and steel, eighth in hay and milch cows, and ninth in copper.

Population, 1,563,423: male, 811,051; female, 752,372: native, 1,069,433; foreign, 493,990: white, 1,555,152; colored, 5,576; Indians, 2695

State, congressional and presidential elections, Tuesday after first Monday in November; number Senators, 33; Representatives, 100; sessions biennial, in odd-numbered years, meeting second Wednesday in January; limit of session, none; term of Senators, 4 years; of Representatives, 2 years. Number electoral votes, 11; number voters, 340,482; insane, idiots, convicts, bribers, betters and dualists excluded from voting.

Number colleges, 7; number public schools, 6,588; school population, 495,233; school age, 4-20.

Legal interest, 7; by contract, 10; usury forfeits entire interest. {139}

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{140}

IOWA [=I]´o-wah. "HAWKEYE STATE."

Name is of Indian origin, and means "The Beautiful land."

Part of the Louisiana purchase; merged into Missouri Territory, 1812; into Michigan, 1834; into Wisconsin, 1836. First white settlement at Dubuque, 1788. Admitted as a State, 1846.

Area, 56,025 square miles, about that of Illinois; extent north and south, 208 miles; east and west, about 300 miles. Principal rivers within State: Des Moines, Iowa and Little Sioux. Number counties, 99. Temperature at Davenport: winter, 21° to 37°; summer, 70° to 76°. Rainfall at Mascutine, 43 inches.

Des Moines, metropolis and capital: pop., 32,469. Pop. of Dubuque, 26,330; of Davenport, 23,830; of Burlington, 23,459; of Council Bluffs, 21,557. Keokuk, Burlington and Dubuque are United States ports of delivery.

Number farms, 185,351; average value per acre, cleared land, $27.36; woodland, $39.36. Corn crop, 1884, 252,600,000 bu.; wheat, 31,270,000 bu.; oats, 78,650,000 bu.; potatoes, 1883, 13,216,868 bu.; barley, 4,638,348 bu.; sorgham syrup, 2,640,000 gals.

Dairy interest growing in importance, creamery and factory products bringing high prices. There were 60,940,553 lbs. of butter and 3,378,924 lbs. cheese made in 1880.

Salaries of State Officers.

Governor $3,000 Lieut. Gov. 1,100 Sec'y of State 2,200 Treasurer 2,200 Auditor 2,200 Attorney Gen. $1,500 and $5 a day Supt. Pub. Inst. 2,200 3 R. R. Comm'rs 3,000 Librarian 1,500 Chief Justice 4,000 4 Asso. Justices 4,000 Senators, Representatives $550 per year 2 Dist. Judges 3,500 Pension Agent 4,000 4 Colls. Int. Rev. 2,500 to 4,500

Presidential P. O.