Category: History - American
General Views on the Establishment of Colonies--Penal Colonies--Views of the People of the United States in reference to African Colonies--State of Slavery at the Revolutionary War--Negroes who joined the English--Disposal of them by Great Britain--Early Movements with respect...
General Views on the Establishment of Colonies--Penal Colonies--Views of the People of the United States in reference to African Colonies--State of Slavery at the Revolutionary...
8. CHAPTER XI.Foundation of the American Colony--Early Agents--Mills, Burgess, Bacon and others--U. S. Sloop-of-War “Cyane”--Arrival at the Island of Sherboro--Disposal of Recaptured Slaves b...
9. CHAPTER XII.Ashmun--Necessity of Defence--Fortifications--Assaults--Arrival of Major Laing--Condition of the Colonies--Sloops-of-War “Cyane” and “John Adams”--King Boatswain as a Slaver--Mi...
10. CHAPTER XIII.11. CHAPTER XIV.The Commonwealth of Liberia--Thomas H. Buchanan--Views of different Parties--Detached Condition of the Colony--Necessity of Union--Establishment of a Commonwealth--Use of the Am...
12. CHAPTER XV.13. CHAPTER XVI.14. CHAPTER XVII.15. CHAPTER XVIII.Independence of Liberia proclaimed and acknowledged by Great Britain, France, Belgium, Prussia, and Brazil--Treaties with England and France--Expedition against New Cesters--U....
16. CHAPTER XIX.Condition of Liberia as a Nation--Aspect of Liberia to a Visitor--Character of Monrovia--Soil, Productions and Labor--Harbor--Condition of the People compared with that of their...
17. CHAPTER XX.18. CHAPTER XXI.Renewal of Piracy and the Slave-Trade at the close of the European War--British Squadron--Treaties with the Natives--Origin of Barracoons--Use of the American Flag in the Slave-...
19. CHAPTER XXIII.20. CHAPTER XXIV.Capture of the Slave-Barque “Pons”--Slaves landed at Monrovia--Capture of the Slave-equipped Vessels “Panther,” “Robert Wilson,” “Chancellor,” &c.--Letter from the “Jamestown” i...
21. CHAPTER XXV.Cruise of the “Perry”--Instructions--Dispatched to the South Coast--Benguela--Case of a Slaver which had changed her Nationality captured by an English Cruiser--St. Paul de Loan...
22. CHAPTER XXVI.23. CHAPTER XXVII.Return to the Southern Coast--Capture of the American Slave-Ship “Martha”--Claim to Brazilian Nationality--Letters found on board illustrative of the Slave-Trade--Loanda--French...
24. CHAPTER XXVIII.Another Cruise--Chatsworth again--Visit to the Queen near Ambrizette--Seizure of the American Brigantine “Louisa Beaton” by a British Cruiser--Correspondence--Proposal of Remune...
25. CHAPTER XXIX.26. CHAPTER XXX.Return to Loanda--“Cyclops” leaves the Coast--Hon. Captain Hastings--Discussion with the British Commodore in reference to the Visit at St. Helena--Commodore Fanshawe--Arrival a...
27. CHAPTER XXXI.Return to the South Coast--Comparative Courses and Length of Passage--Country at the Mouth of the Congo--Correspondence with the British Commodore--State of the Slave-Trade--Com...
28. CHAPTER XXXII.The Condition of the Slave-Trade--Want of suitable Cruisers--Health of the Vessel--Navy Spirit-ration--Portuguese Commodore--French Commodore--Loanda--Letter from Sir George Jac...
29. CHAPTER XXXIII.30. CHAPTER XXXIV.Conclusion--Necessity of Squadrons for Protection of Commerce and Citizens abroad--Fever in Brazil, West Indies, and United States--Influence of Recaptured Slaves returning to t...
31. CHAPTER I.A treaty with Great Britain, signed at Washington in the year 1842, stipulates that each nation shall maintain on the coast of Africa, a force of naval vessels “of suitable numb...
32. CHAPTER II.The French of Normandy contested with the Portuguese the honor of first venturing into the Gulf of Guinea. It was, however, nearly a hundred years from the time when the latter...
33. CHAPTER III.The second period is that of villany. More Africans seem to have been bought and sold, at all times of the world’s history, than of any other race of mankind. The early navigato...
34. CHAPTER IV.[1Before proceeding to the colonizing era, it will be requisite to present an estimate of the value and importance of the African continent in relation to the rest of the world. T...
35. CHAPTER V.Whence came the African races, and how did they get where they are? These are questions not easily answered, and are such as might have been put with the same hesitation, and in...
36. CHAPTER VI.The fact that old formations reposing on granite, or distorted by it, form a large proportion of its geological surface, indicates that useful metals will probably be found in a...
37. CHAPTER VII.The Portuguese commercial discoverers having succeeded those of France, and founded trading establishments on the coast of Africa, were driven from the sea-shore by the rivalry...
38. CHAPTER VIII.Dalziel, in slave-trading times, shocked the world with details in reference to Dahomey. Duncan and Forbes have again presented the picture in the same hues of darkness and of b...
39. CHAPTER IX.The lands chosen as the site of the American colony excited attention in olden times. “Africa would be preferable to Europe,” said the French navigator Villault in 1667, “if it...
40. CHAPTER X.GENERAL VIEWS IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF COLONIES--PENAL COLONIES--VIEWS OF THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES IN REFERENCE TO AFRICAN COLONIES--STATE OF SLAVERY AT THE REVOLUTIONARY...
41. CHAPTER XI.FOUNDATION OF THE AMERICAN COLONY--EARLY AGENTS--MILLS, BURGESS, BACON, AND OTHERS--U. S. SLOOP-OF-WAR “CYANE”--ARRIVAL AT THE ISLAND OF SHERBORO--DISPOSAL OF RECAPTURED SLAVES...
42. CHAPTER XII.ASHMUN--NECESSITY OF DEFENCE--FORTIFICATIONS--ASSAULTS--ARRIVAL OF MAJOR LAING--CONDITION OF THE COLONISTS--SLOOPS-OF-WAR “CYANE” AND “JOHN ADAMS”--KING BOATSWAIN AS A SLAVER--M...
43. CHAPTER XIII.From the hands of Mr. Ashmun, the government of the colony devolved upon the Rev. Lot Carey, whom necessity and the claims of humanity made a physician and a governor. Such educ...
44. CHAPTER XIV.THE COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERIA--THOMAS H. BUCHANAN--VIEWS OF DIFFERENT PARTIES--DETACHED CONDITION OF THE COLONY--NECESSITY OF UNION--ESTABLISHMENT OF A COMMONWEALTH--USE OF THE AM...
45. CHAPTER XV.When a frontier rests on a savage territory, a “good look out” must be kept there, and upon every thing beyond it, as the Hollander watches his dykes and the sea. Liberia had to...
46. CHAPTER XVI.Transactions growing out of the circumstances above mentioned, became of very grave importance. The rights of different nations to trade on that coast had been contested in war,...
47. CHAPTER XVII.The election of Roberts, a colored man, as governor of the commonwealth of Liberia, totally separated and individualized the African race as the managers of local affairs, and m...
48. CHAPTER XVIII.INDEPENDENCE OF LIBERIA PROCLAIMED AND ACKNOWLEDGED BY GREAT BRITAIN, FRANCE, BELGIUM, PRUSSIA AND BRAZIL--TREATIES WITH ENGLAND AND FRANCE--EXPEDITION AGAINST NEW CESTERS--U. S...
49. CHAPTER XIX.Notwithstanding the heterogeneous population of Liberia, a commendable degree of order, quiet and comparative prosperity prevails. With such men as President Roberts, Chief-Just...
50. CHAPTER XX.The Maryland Colonization Society resolved to establish a colony at Cape Palmas. Dr. James Hall, their agent, secured the consent of the chiefs to cede the required territory, w...
51. CHAPTER XXI.RENEWAL OF PIRACY AND THE SLAVE-TRADE AT THE CLOSE OF THE EUROPEAN WAR--BRITISH SQUADRON--TREATIES WITH THE NATIVES--ORIGIN OF BARRACOONS--USE OF THE AMERICAN FLAG IN THE SLAVE-...
52. scene I witnessed.“As soon as the poor creatures saw us looking down at them, their dark and melancholy visages brightened up. They perceived something of sympathy and kindness in our looks, whic...
53. CHAPTER XXII.There has been noted in the history of Liberia, prior to the establishment of the commonwealth, the occasional arrival of American men-of-war on the west coast of Africa. But an...
54. CHAPTER XXIII.The treaty of Washington in 1842, settled and defined matters clearly and honorably, both to the United States and Great Britain; and agreeably to the treaty, the African squadr...
55. CHAPTER XXIV.CAPTURE OF THE SLAVE-BARQUE “PONS”--SLAVES LANDED AT MONROVIA--CAPTURE OF THE SLAVE-EQUIPPED VESSELS “PANTHER,” “ROBERT WILSON,” “CHANCELLOR,” ETC.--LETTER FROM THE “JAMESTOWN”...
56. CHAPTER XXV.CRUISE OF THE “PERRY”--INSTRUCTIONS--DISPATCHED TO THE SOUTH COAST--BENGUELA--CASE OF A SLAVER WHICH HAD CHANGED HER NATIONALITY CAPTURED BY AN ENGLISH CRUISER--ST. PAUL DE LOAN...
57. CHAPTER XXVI.On the 13th of April, the American brigantine Louisa Beaton, which a few days previously had been boarded, examined, and proven to be a legal trader, ran out of Ambriz under Ame...
58. CHAPTER XXVII.RETURN TO THE SOUTHERN COAST--CAPTURE OF THE AMERICAN SLAVE-SHIP “MARTHA”--CLAIM TO BRAZILIAN NATIONALITY--LETTERS FOUND ON BOARD ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE SLAVE-TRADE--LOANDA--FRENCH...
59. CHAPTER XXVIII.ANOTHER CRUISE--CHATSWORTH AGAIN--VISIT TO THE QUEEN NEAR AMBRIZETTE--SEIZURE OF THE AMERICAN BRIGANTINE “LOUISA BEATON” BY A BRITISH CRUISER--CORRESPONDENCE--PROPOSAL OF REMUNE...
60. CHAPTER XXIX.Soon after arriving at Loanda, it was ascertained that the masters of merchant-traders were forbidden to visit one another on board their respective vessels, without express per...
61. CHAPTER XXX.RETURN TO LOANDA--CYCLOPS LEAVES THE COAST--HON. CAPTAIN HASTINGS--DISCUSSION WITH THE BRITISH COMMODORE IN REFERENCE TO THE VISIT AT ST. HELENA--COMMODORE FANSHAWE--ARRIVAL AT...
62. CHAPTER XXXI.RETURN TO THE SOUTH COAST--COMPARATIVE COURSES AND LENGTH OF PASSAGE--COUNTRY AT THE MOUTH OF THE CONGO--CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE BRITISH COMMODORE--STATE OF THE SLAVE-TRADE--COM...
63. CHAPTER XXXII.THE CONDITION OF THE SLAVE-TRADE--WANT OF SUITABLE CRUISERS--HEALTH OF THE VESSEL--NAVY SPIRIT RATION--PORTUGUESE COMMODORE--FRENCH COMMODORE--LOANDA--LETTER FROM SIR GEORGE JAC...
64. CHAPTER XXXIII.More than eighteen months had elapsed since the arrival of the vessel on the coast; and orders from the Navy Department, to proceed to the United States, were believed to be wai...
65. CHAPTER XXXIV.CONCLUSION--NECESSITY OF SQUADRONS FOR PROTECTION OF COMMERCE AND CITIZENS ABROAD--FEVER IN BRAZIL, CUBA AND UNITED STATES--INFLUENCE OF RECAPTURED SLAVES RETURNING TO THE DIFFE...