Chapter 5

"Autores son de todo lo referido, y de los demas de su vida y hechos los infantes de Mexico Ytzcoatzin y Xiuhcozcatzin, y otros Poetas y Historicos en los anales de las tres cabezas de esta Nueva Espana, y en particular en los anales que hizo el infante Quauhtlazaciulotzin, primer Senor del pueblo de Chiauhtla; y asimismo se halla en las relaciones que escribieron los infantes de la ciudad de Tezcuco, Don Pablo, Don Toribio, Don Hernando Pimentel y Juan de Pomar hijos y nietos del Rey Nezalhualpiltzintli de Tezcuco, y asimismo el infante Don Alonso Axiaicatzin Senor de Itztapalapan, hijo del rey de Cuitlahuac, y sobrino del rey Motecutzomatzin."--Ixtlilxochitl, _Historia Chichimeca_, cap. XLIX.]

[Footnote 24: In the celebrated library of J.F. Ramirez, were two folio volumes, containing 1022 pages, entitled _Anales Antiguos de Mexico y sus Contornos_. They included, besides various Spanish accounts, 27 fragments in the Nahuatl language, some translated and some not. The titles of all are given by Don Joaquin Garcia Icazbalceta, in his valuable and rare _Apuntes para un Catalogo de Escritores en Lenguas Indigenas de America_, pp. 140-142. (Mexico, 1866.)]

[Footnote 25: _Memorial del Pueblo de Teptlaustuque, en la Nueva Espana; en que se refiere su Origen i Poblacion, i de los Tributos i Servicios, antes i despues de la Conquista; todo pintado, i M.S._ En la Libreria del Rei. Antonio de Leon i Pinelo, _Bibliotheca Occidental_. The district of Tepetlaoztoc belonged to Tezcuco.]

[Footnote 26: "Don Gabriel Castaneda, Indio principal, natural de Michuacan Colomocho en la Provincia de Mejico. Escribio en Lengua Megicana, _Relacion_ de la Jornada que hizo Sandoval Acaxitli, Cacique y Senor de Tlalmanalco, con el Sr. Visorey Don Antonio de Mendoza en la Conquista de los Chichimecas de Xuchipila, 1541."--Beristain y Souza, _Biblioteca Hispano-Americana Septentrional_, s.v.]

[Footnote 27: For testimony to this interesting fact see _The Maya Chronicles_, Introduction, p. 28, note.]

[Footnote 28: _The Books of Chilan Balam, The Prophetic and Historic Records of the Mayas of Yucatan_. By Daniel G. Brinton, M.D., Philadelphia, 1882. Reprint from the _Penn Monthly_, March, 1882.]

[Footnote 29: _Library of Aboriginal American Literature_, Vol. I, p. 189. (Philadelphia, 1882.)]

[Footnote 30: An intelligent appreciation of the linguistic labors of Pio Perez was written by Dr. Berendt, in 1871, and printed in Mexico.--_Los Trabajos Linguisticos de Don Juan Pio Perez_. 8vo. pp. 6.]

[Footnote 31: _Disertacion sobre la Historia de la Lengua Maya o Yucateca_. Por Crescencio Carrillo. Published in the _Revista de Merida_, 1870.]

[Footnote 32: A fine manuscript of Vico's work, as well as a number of other productions in Cakchiquel, by the missionaries, are in the library of the American Philosophical Society, at Philadelphia.]

[Footnote 33: Tecpan Atitlan is a village on the shore of Lake Atitlan, in the province of Solola, Guatemala.]

[Footnote 34: Don Domingo Juarros, _Compendio de la Historia de la Ciudad de Guatemala_, Tomo, II pp. 6, 7, 12, 16, et al. (Ed. Guatemala, 1857). A copy of Tzumpan's writings is said to be in a private library in the United States.

The native Cakchiquel writers were also the authorities on which Father Vazquez depended, in part, in composing his history of Guatemala. He gives a partial translation of one, beginning the passage: "Los Indios de Zolola dizen en sus escritos," etc.--Fray Francisco Vazquez, _Cronica de la Provincia de Guatemala_, Lib. III, Cap. XXXVI. (Guatemala, 1714, 1716.)]

[Footnote 35: Brasseur de Bourbourg, _Bibliotheque Mexico-Guatemalienne_, p. 142. (Paris, 1871.)]

[Footnote 36: _Titulos de la Casa de Ixcuin-Nehaib, Senora del Territorio de Otzoya_. Guatemala, 1876. 8vo. pp. 15. Reprint from the _Boletin de la Sociedad Economica de Guatemala_.]

[Footnote 37: _Las Historias del Origen de los Indios de esta Provincia de Guatemala, traducidas de la lengua Quiche al Castellano_. Por el R.P.F. Francisco Ximenez. 8vo. Vienna, 1857.]

[Footnote 38: _Popol Vuh. Le Livre Sacre et les Mythes de l'Antiquite Americaine, avec les livres heroiques et historiques des Quiches_. Par l'Abbe Brasseur de Bourbourg. (Paris, 1861.)]

[Footnote 39: _The Names of the Gods in the Kiche Myths of Central America_. By Daniel G. Brinton, M.D. 8vo. pp. 37. (Philadelphia, 1881.) Reprint from the _Proceedings_ of the American Philosophical Society, 1881.]

[Footnote 40: Boturini, _Idea de una Nueva Historia de la America Septentrional_, p. 115.]

[Footnote 41: Cabrera, _Teatro Critico Americano_, p 33.]

[Footnote 42: _American Hero-Myths_, pp. 213-217. (Philadelphia, 1882.)]

[Footnote 43: On this Qquichua MS. see Marcos Jimenez de la Espada, _Tres Relaciones de Antiguedades Peruanas_. Introd. p. 34.]

[Footnote 44: _Relacion de las Costumbres Antiguas de los Naturales del Piru_, printed in the work last quoted, p. 142, note.]

[Footnote 45: "En cabildo de 29 de Julio de 1692, el capitan Don Antonio de Fuentes y Guzman trajo a esta sala siete peticiones escritas en cortezas de arboles."--Francisco de Paula Garcia Pelaez, _Memorias para la Historia del Antiguo Reyno de Guatemala_, Tom. II, p. 267. (Guatemala, 1852.)]

[Footnote 46: _O Selvagem. Trabalho Preparatorio para aproveitamento de Selvagem e de solo por elle occupado no Brazil_. Rio de Janeiro, 1876.]

[Footnote 47: _Notes on the Lingoa Geral, or Modern Tupi of the Amazonas_, in the _Transactions_ of the American Philological Association, for 1872.]

[Footnote 48: Boturini, _Idea de una Nueva Historia_, etc., App. pp. 57 et seq.; Didacus Valades, _Rhetorica Christiana_, Pars Secunda (Perusia, 1579); Gemelli Carreri, _Giro del Mundo_.]

[Footnote 49: Stephens, _Travels in Yucatan_, Vol. I, p. 449 (London, 1843).]

[Footnote 50: _Relacion de las Ceremonias y Ritos de Mechoacan_. The MS. of this work, in the Library of Congress, does not contain the Calendar which the author, in the body of the work, promises to append; nor apparently does the copy in Madrid, from which the work was printed, in Vol. 53 of the _Coleccion de Documentos Ineditos para la Historia de Espana_.]

[Footnote 51: _Pintura del Gobernador, Alcaldes y Regidores de Mexico. Codex en Geroglificos Mexicanos y en lengua Castellana y Azteca._ First published at Madrid, 1878. A specimen of the map, "Carte Geographique Azteque," is given by Professor Leon de Rosny, in _Les Documents Ecrit de l'Antiquite Americaine_, p. 70 (Paris, 1882).]

[Footnote 52: Stephens, _Travels in Yucatan_, Vol. II, p. 265, gives a Maya map of Mani. A more complete study of the subject is that of Carrillo, _Geografia Maya_, in the _Anales del Museo Nacional de Mexico_, Tom. II, p. 435.]

[Footnote 53: _Silabario de Idioma Mexicano, dispuesto por el_ Lic. Faustino Chimalpopocatl Galicia, Mexico, 1849, 8vo. pp. 16. Second edition, Mexico, 1859, 8vo. pp. 32. Also _Epitome o Modo Facil de Aprender el Idioma Nahuatl_, 12mo. pp. 124, Mexico, 1869.]

[Footnote 54: _Elementos de la Gramatica Megicana_, por Don Antonio Tobar Cano y Moctezuma. Written about 1642.]

[Footnote 55: _Confessionario Mayor y Menor en Lengua Mexicana, y Platicas contra las Supersticiones de Idolatria, que el dia de oy an quedado a los Naturales desta Nueva Espana_. Ano de 1634. Mexico. A copy of this scarce volume is in my library.]

[Footnote 56: Dr. Couto de Magalhaes remarks: "Como o nome indica, este missionario devia ser algum mestico que, com o leite materno, beben os primeiros rudimentos da grande lingua Sul-Americana."--_Origens, Costumes e Regias Selvagem_, p. 62 (Rio de Janeiro, 1876). In 1876 M. Varuhagen published, at Vienna, a _Historia da paixao de Christo e taboa dos parentescos em lingua Tupi_, written by Yapuguay, an extract, apparently, from the volume mentioned in the text. The edition was only 100 copies.]

[Footnote 57: C.F. Hartt, _On the Lingoa Geral of the Amazonas_, p. 3, in the _Transactions_ of the American Philological Association, 1872.]

[Footnote 58: _Tah-gah-jute; or, Logan and Cresap. An Historical Essay._ By Brantz Mayer. (Albany, 1867.)]

[Footnote 59: _History of the American Indians_, pp. 52, 63. (London, 1775.)]

[Footnote 60: James Howse, A Grammar of the Cree Language, p. 11. (London, 1865.)]

[Footnote 61: "Piensan que un hombre que habla sin cortarse y con soltura debe ser de una naturaleza superior y privilegiada. Por solo esta circumstancia ascienden el grado de Ghulmenes o caciques, u hombres notables." Federico Barbara, _Manual o Vocabulario de la Lengua Pampa_, p. 164. (Buenos Aires, 1879.)]

[Footnote 62: Rev. Cyrus Byington, _Grammar of the Choctaw Language_, p. 20 (Philadelphia, 1870.)]

[Footnote 63: _Huehue_, ancient; _tlatolli_, words, speeches. A special variety were the _calmecatlatolli_, the declamations which the youths of noble families were taught to deliver in the spacious halls of the _calmecac_, or public schools. "Calmeca tlatolli, palabras dichas en corredores largos. E tomase por los dichos y fictiones de los viejos antiguos." Molina, _Vocabulario de la Lengua Mexicana, sub voce_. The word _calmecac_ is a compound of _calli_, house, and _mecana_, to give, it being the building furnished by the State for purposes of public instruction.]

[Footnote 64: Fr. Juan Baptista (or Bautista), _Platicas Morales en Lengua Mexicana, intitulados Huehuetlatolli_, 8vo. Mexico (1599? or 1601?). This work is not mentioned by Icazbalceta, but is described in Berendt's notes, and a copy was sold in Paris in 1869. It is enumerated by Vetancurt, _Menologio Franciscano_, p. 446 (2d ed.).]

[Footnote 65: Olmos, _Grammaire de la Langue Nahuatl_, pp. 231 sqq. (Paris 1875.)]

[Footnote 66: _Narratives of the Rites and Laws of the Incas._ Translated by C. R. Markham. Printed for the Hackluyt Society (London, 1873).]

[Footnote 67: _Chrestomathie de la Langue Maya_, in _Etude sur le Systeme Graphique et la Langue des Mayas._ (Paris, 1870.)]

[Footnote 68: Bernal Diaz gives an interesting account of this "black sermon," as he calls it. The incident is significant, as it shows that the natives were accustomed to gather around their places of worship, to listen to addresses by the priests. See the _Historia Verdadera de la Conquista de la Nueva Espana_, Cap. XXVII. (Madrid, 1632.)]

[Footnote 69: Some judicious remarks on the origin and development of aboriginal poetry are offered by Theodore Baker, in his excellent monograph on the music of the North American Indians, but his field of view was somewhat too restricted to do the subject full justice, as, indeed, he acknowledges. _Über die Musik der Nord-Americanischen Wilden_, von Theodor Baker, pp. 6-14. (Leipzig, 1882.)]

[Footnote 70: Schoolcraft, _History, Condition and Prospects of the Indian Tribes of the United States_, vol. V, p. 559.]

[Footnote 71: _Grammaire et Vocabulaire de la Langue Taensa, avec Textes traduits et commentes_. Par J.D. Haumonte, Parisot, et L. Adam. Paris, 1882.]

[Footnote 72: "Or, i'ay assez de commerce avec la poesie pour juger cecy, que non seulement il n'y a rien de barbaric en cette imagination, mais qu'elle est tout a faict anacreontique."--_Essais de Michel de Montaigne_, Liv. I, cap. XXX, and comp. cap. XXXVI.]

[Footnote 73: "Chez les Guarayos, ces hymnes religieux et allegoriques, si riches en figures.--Il est impossible de trouver rien de plus gracieux."

"Quant a leurs poetes, le charme avec lequel ils peignent l'amour, annonce, certainement en eux, une intelligence developpee et autant d'esprit que de sensibilite."--Alcide D'Orbigny, _L'Homme Americain_, Tome I, pp. 155, 170.]

[Footnote 74: "Negli avanci, che si restano della lor Poesia, vi sono alcuni versi, ne'quali tra le parole significative si vedono frapposte certe interjezioni, o sillabe prive d'ogni significazione, e soltanto adoperate, per quel ch'appare, per aggiustarsi al metro. Il linguaggio della lor Poesia era puro, ameno, brilliante, figurato, e fregiato di frequenti comparazioni fatte colle cose piu piacevoli della natura, siccome fiori, alberi, ruscelli, &c."--_Clavigero, Storia di Messico_. Tom. II, p. 175.]

[Footnote 75: The originals of some of these poems were in the hands of Ixtlilxochitl, as is evident from his _Historia Chichimeca_, cap. XLVII.]

[Footnote 76: Sahagun, _Psalmodia Xpiana_. (Mexico, 1583?) An extremely rare book, which I have never seen. Clavigero saw a copy, and thinks it was printed about 1540. _Storia di Messico_, Tom. II, p, 178, Note.]

[Footnote 77: It is mentioned by Icazbalceta, _Apuntes para un Catalogo de Escritores en Lenguas Indigenas de America_, p. 146. (Mexico, 1866.) There are, however, two copies of it extant, somewhere.]

[Footnote 78: See Mr. Clements R. Markham's Introductions to his edition of the _Ollanta_ drama (London, 1871); and to his _Qquichua Grammar and Dictionary_ (London, 1864).]

[Footnote 79: "I'en demeurai tout rauy; mais aussi toutes les fois qu'il m'en ressouuient, le coeur m'en tressaillant, il me semble que ie les aye encor aux oreilles."--Jean de Lery, _Histoire d'un voyage faict en la terre du Bresil, autrement dite Amerique_, pp. 258, 286. (Geneve, 1585.)]

[Footnote 80: See his _Origens, Costumes e Regiaeo Selvagem_, pp. 78-82, 140-147. (Rio de Janeiro, 1876.)]

[Footnote 81: Spix and Martius, _Reise in Brasilien, Brasilianische Volkslieder und Indianische Melodien, Musikbeilage_.]

[Footnote 82: _Une Fete Bresilienne celebree a Rouen en 1550 suivie d'un Fragment du XVI'e Siecle roulant sur la Theogonie des anciens Peuples du Bresil et des Poesies en Langue Tupique, de Christovam Valente_. Par Ferdinand Denis, pp. 36-51, 98, sqq. (Paris, 1850.)]

[Footnote 83: The Arawack language, which is now spoken in Guiana only, at the time of the discovery extended over the Greater and Lesser Antilles and the Bahama Islands, as I have shown in an essay on _The Arawack Language of Guiana in its Linguistic and Ethnological Relations_, in the _Transactions_ of the American Philosophical Society, 1870.]

[Footnote 84: _The Memoirs of Lieutenant Henry Timberlake_, p. 80 (London 1765).]

[Footnote 85: In the ancient Qquichua literature the tragic dramas were called _huancay_; those of a comic nature, _aranhuay_. Both were composed in assonant verses of six and eight syllables, which were not sung or chanted, but repeated with dramatic intonation.]

[Footnote 86: On the bibliography of the drama see Zegarra, _Ollantai, Drame en Vers Quechuas du temps des Incas_, Introd. p. CLXXIII. (Paris, 1878.) The English translation is by Clements R. Markham, _Ollanta, an Ancient Ynca Drama_ (London, 1871).]

[Footnote 87: The recent attempt of General Don Bartolome Mitre, of Buenos Ayres, to discredit the antiquity of the Ollanta drama (in the _Nueva Revista de Buenos Ayres_, 1881), has been most thoroughly and conclusively refuted by Mr. Clements R. Markham, in the volume of the Hackluyt Society's Publications for 1883.]

[Footnote 88: _Rabinal-Achi, ou le Drame Ballet du Tun_, published as an appendix to the _Grammaire de la Langue Quiche_ (Paris, 1862). The Abbe Brasseur asserts that he wrote down this drama from verbal information, at the village of Rabinal in Guatemala; but a note by Dr. Berendt in my possession characterizes this statement as incorrect, and adds: "Brasseur found the MS. all written, in the hands of an hacendado, on the road from Guatemala to Chiapas. The original exists still in the same place." It was a weakness with the Abbe to throw, designedly, considerable obscurity about his authorities and the sources of his knowledge.]

* * * * *

INDEX.

Names of native authors and productions are in _italics_.

Abolachi Adair, James Adam, L. Algonkins _Alva, B. de_ _Anales de Cuauhtitlan_ Anales del Museo Nacional _Apes, Rev. Wm._ Araucanians Arawacks Atitlan, Lake Aubin, M. Avila, F. de _Ayala, G, de_ Aymaras Aztecs

Baker, T. Barbara, Fed. Bautista, J. de Beach, W.W. Beaver Indians Berendt, C.H. Beristain y Souza _Book of the Jew_ _Book of Rites_ _Books of Chilan Balam_ Boturini, L. _Boudinot, Elias_ Brasseur de Bourbourg, Abbe Brinton, D.G. Byington, Rev. C.

Cabrera, P.F. Cakchiquels Californian Indians _Camargo, D.M._ Carochi, H. Carreri, G. Carrillo, Rev. C. _Cartas de Indias_ _Castaneda, G._ _Chac Xulub Chen_, Chronicle of Chahta-Muskokees Chapanec language _Chekilli_ _Cherokee Phoenix_ Cherokees Chiapas Chichimecs Chignavincelut _Chilan Balam, Books of_ Chili, Tribes of _Chimalpain, D. Munon_ _Chimalpopoca, F, Lic._ Chippeways Choctaws Chorotegan language _Clark, P. Dooyentate_ Clavigero, F.S. _Codex, Aztec_ _Codex, Chimalpopoca_ Cogolludo, D. _Copway, George_ Couto de Magalhaes, Dr. _Coy, Domingo_ Creeks Crees Cuoq, M. Cushing, F.H. _Cusick, David_

Dakotas Delawares Denis, F. Diaz, B. D'Orbigny, A. Dorsey, J.O.

Eskimo

Field, T.W. Franca, Dr. E.F. Fuentes y Guzman

Garcia, A. Gatschet, A.S. Gavarrete, Sr. _Gomez, F._ Guarani language Guarayos _Gueegueence, The_

Hale, H. Hartt, C.F. Hiawatha Hidatsa Indians Howse, J. Humboldt, A. Humboldt, W. von Huron-Iroquois

Icazbalceta, J.G. Iroquois Iroquois Book of Rites _Ixtlilxochitl, F. de A._ _Izquin, F._

_Japuguay, Nic._ _Jew, The Book of the_ Jimenez de la Espada _Johnson, Elias_ _Jones, Rev. Peter_ Juarros, Dom.

Kaladlit _Kaondinoketc, F._ Kekchi language Kiches Klamaths

Landa, Bishop Latinists, Indian _La Vega, Garcilasso de_ Leon i Pinelo, Ant. Lery, Jean de Lingoa Geral _Loaysa, F. de_ _Logan's Speech_ _Logas, The_ _Luis Inca_

_Macario, J._ _Macho-Raton, The_ Mangue language _Maps, Native_ Matthews, Dr. W. Mayer, Brantz Markham, C.R. Martius, C. von Mayas _Maya Chronicles, The_ Mendoza, Ant., de Mendoza, G. Mexicans Michoacan Milfort, Gen. Mitre, B. Molina, A. Montaigne, M. Motolinia, T. de Moxos Muskokees Muyscas

Nahuatl Language Nahuatl-Spanish Dialect _Nakuk Pech_ _Nehaib, Titles of_ _Nezahualcoyotl_ _Nezahualpilli_ Nicaraguans Nipissings Nunez de la Vega.

Ojibways _Ollanta, The_ _Ollita, The_ Olmos, Andre de Omahas Oviedo, F.

_Pachacuti, Don J._ Pampas, Tribes of _Pasiones, Las_ Pelaez, F.P. Garcia Pequods Perez, Juan Pio Peruvians _Pimentel, Ant._ _Pimentel, H._ Pipils Pocomans _Pok_ _Ponce, Pedro_ _Pomar, J. de_ _Popol Vuh, The_ Powers, S. _Prophecies of Mayas_

_Queh, F.T.G._ Quiches, see _Kiches_ Qquichuas Quipus

_Rabinal Achi_ Rafinesque, C.S. Ramirez, J.F. Rink, Dr. H. _Rosa, A. de la_ Rosny, Leon de

Sahagun, B. de Salazar, F.C. _San Antonio, J. de_ Sanchez Solis, F. Scherzer, C. Schoolcraft, H.R. _Sequoyah_ Simeon, Remi Sioux Six Nations Smith, B. Solola, Province Squier, E.G.

Taensas _Tanner, J._ Tarascos _Tecpan Atitlan_ Tezcuco _Tezozomoc, F. de A._ Theologia Indorum Thomas, C. Timberlake, H. Timucuana Tlatilulco, College of _Tlaxcallan, History of_ _Tobar, Ant_. _Tomar, J.B. de_ _Tonalamatl, The_ _Torres, J._ Tupis Tuscaroras _Tzolante, The_ Tzendals _Tzumpan, F.G.C._

Valades, D. _Valeriano, Antonio_ Varnhagen, M. Vazquez, F. Vetancurt, A. de Vico, Domingo de Viracocha _Votan_

_Walum Olum_ Ward, Dr. Wyandotts

_Xahila, F.E.A._ Ximenez, F.

_Zacicoxol, the_ _Zapata y Mendoza, J.V._ Zapotecs Zegarra, G.P. Zoque language Zunis

* * * * *

Library of Aboriginal American Literature.

General Editor and Publisher, DANIEL G. BRINTON, M.D.,

115 South Seventh St., Philadelphia, Pa., United States.

The European Market will be supplied by

NICHOLAS TRÜBNER & CO., 57 & 59 Ludgate Hill, London, England.

_The aim of this series is to put within the reach of scholars authentic materials for the study of the languages, history and culture of the native races of North and South America. Each of the works selected will be the production of a native author, and will be printed in the original tongue, with an English translation and notes. Most of them will be from unpublished manuscripts, and they will form a series indispensable to the future student of American archaeology, ethnology or linguistics. They will be printed FROM TYPE, AND IN LIMITED EDITIONS ONLY. The volumes will be sold SEPARATELY, at moderate prices, either in paper or bound in cloth. They will all be planted on heavy laid paper, of the best quality. The following have already appeared_:--

* * * * *

NO. I. THE MAYA CHRONICLES.

Edited by DANIEL G. BRINTON, M.D.

1 vol., 8vo, pp. 279. Price, paper, $3.00; cloth, $3.50.

This volume contains five brief chronicles in the Maya language of Yucatan, written shortly after the Conquest, and carrying the history of that people back many centuries. To these is added a history of the Conquest, written in his native tongue, by a Maya Chief, in 1562. The texts are preceded by an introduction on the history of the Mayas; their language, calendar, numeral system, etc.; and a vocabulary is added at the close.

NOTICES OF THE PRESS.

"We hope that Dr. Brinton will receive every encouragement in his labors to disclose to Americans these literary antiquities of the Continent. He eminently deserves it, both by the character of his undertaking and the quality of his work."--_The American_ (Phila.)

"It would be difficult to praise too highly the task Dr. Brinton has set before him. Prepared by long studies in the same field, he does not undertake the work as a novice. ... There should be no hesitation among those who wish well to American antiquarianism in subscribing to the series edited and published by Dr. Brinton."--_The Critic_.

"Dr. Brinton's work upon the history of the Mayas or Aborigines of Yucatan [the "Maya Chronicles"] is a most important contribution to the literature of American antiquities. ... Comparative linguists, as well as archaeologists, will find a new and very interesting subject of study in these remains."--_The Saturday Review_ (London).

"The efforts of Dr. Brinton will be welcomed by all antiquarian students, for they are not only original contributions, but are also presented in a readable and interesting manner."--_The American Antiquarian_.

* * * * *

No. II. The IROQUOIS BOOK OF RITES.

Edited by HORATIO HALE, Esq.

1 vol., 8vo. Price, paper, $3.00; cloth, $3.50.

The "BOOK OF RITES" is a native composition, which was preserved orally for centuries, and was written down about a century ago. It gives the speeches, songs and ceremonies which were rehearsed when a chief died and his successor was appointed. The fundamental laws of the League, a list of their ancient towns, and the names of the chiefs who composed their first council, are also comprised in the work. It may be said to carry the authentic history of Northern America back to a period fifty years earlier than the era of Columbus. The introductory essay treats of the ethnology and history of the Huron-Iroquois League and its founders, the origin of the Book of Rites, the composition of the Federal Council, the clan system, the laws of the League, and the Iroquois character, public policy, and language.

NOTICES OF THE PRESS AND OF EMINENT WRITERS.

"This work may be said to open a field of Indian research new to ethnologists. ... These precious relics of antiquity are concise in their wording, and full of meaning. ... The additions made by Mr. Hall are almost as valuable as the texts themselves."--_The Nation_ New York, September 13, 1883.

"The reputation of the author, added to this fascinating title, will insure its favorable reception, not only by ethnologists, but also, the reading public. ... A remarkable discovery, and indisputably of great ethnological value. ... A book which is as suggestive as this must bear good fruit."--_Science_, August 31,1883.

"The work contains much new material of permanent interest and value to the historical scholar and the scientist. ... "--_The Magazine of American History_, September, 1883.

"In this Book of Rites we have poetry, law, history, tradition and genealogy, interesting and valuable for many reasons...."--_Good Literature_, August 18, 1883.