A Tour Up the Straits, from Gibraltar to Constantinople With the Leading Events in the Present War Between the Austrians, Russians, and the Turks, to the Commencement of the Year 1789

LETTER XXIX.

Chapter 345,358 wordsPublic domain

TO CAPTAIN SMITH.

Constantinople, Jan. 24th, 1789.

MY DEAR FRIEND,

The Porte having given a decisive answer, relative to the frigates which were brought to Constantinople to be sold, we shall sail for Gibraltar immediately. We have been detained here much longer than we expected, but the hospitality and munificence of Sir Robert Ainslie, have amply compensated this delay; and it is with the greatest regret, that I see myself on the eve of leaving his society, and of quitting a place where the hearts of every one seem to wish to detain us.

Nothing could exceed the animation of the Turks at the moment of our arrival at this capital. The King of Sweden had relieved the Porte from a great part of the force of the Russians, and the accounts of the glorious victories of Meadia and Caransebes, obtained over the Emperor, were confirmed and increased by the hundreds of prisoners who were daily brought in.

So complete a panic pervaded the Imperial troops, that on an alarm of the enemy's approach, the heavy baggage, which had been sent on towards Temeswar, was immediately abandoned, and a great part of it pillaged, and carried off by a corps of Partisans.

But at this moment, when victory, with extended wings, was following the Ottoman arms, and when each day brought them fresh advantages, the Grand Vizir suddenly halted, and then turned to the left. It was still hoped, however, that his operations would continue offensive; but probably reflecting on the danger of not finding subsistance for so immense an army, during the approaching winter, should he pursue the Emperor into the heart of his country, and that the Imperial armies from Transylvania and Moldavia might come down and cut him off from the Danube, he had determined not to lose sight of the banks of that river; and that, instead of pursuing the Emperor at random, wherever he chose to lead him, he had resolved to secure the conquests he had made, which would enable him to winter with safety in the enemy's country.

This opinion was, for some time, strengthened by his subsequent movements; he left a strong garrison in Meadia, and his march was directed through the Bannat of Temeswar, and pointed immediately at Semlin, which, had he taken, would have secured the left flank of the chain of posts, by which it was supposed he would have inclosed the Bannat. All his motions most strongly indicated an attempt upon that fortress, and, as there was no doubt of his succeeding, the inhabitants fled with all their effects. A corps of 3000 men, who were encamped under its walls, to watch the motions of the garrison of Belgrade, retired on his approach. He had been unopposed for six weeks, and his conduct at Illova had given the Emperor so formidable an impression of his vigour and abilities, that his Majesty had gone in person as far as Arad, to put that place in a state of defence.

But now that the Grand Vizir was in sight of Semlin, instead of taking this town, and afterwards wintering in the Bannat, or in the district the Imperialists occupied in the spring, he blasted the hopes of his friends, by withdrawing his whole force out of the Austrian territories[7].

I am exceedingly sorry that I am not sufficiently informed to produce those satisfactory reasons which so sublime a genius, and so brave a man, must doubtless possess for this retrograde motion in the hour of victory. Neither can I take upon me to advance, that the success of Marshal Laudohn formed any part of them.

This great General having taken Dubitza on the 26th of August, marched for Novi on the 29th. The Bashaw of Travenick retarded for some time his operations against that fortress, but having too courageously attempted to storm the Austrian trenches, he was repulsed with a heavy loss. The Marshal now pursued the siege with vigour, and on the 21st of September, a practicable breach being made, he advanced to the assault, but was now in his turn repulsed, and the Vienna Gazette acknowledges, that on this occasion he lost 284 men. On the 3d of October he renewed the attack, and the garrison being by this time reduced to 600 men, were made prisoners.

Footnote 7:

For which he was afterwards beheaded; but as both his resolution and abilities were unquestionably great, his fate was deservedly lamented by all intelligent people.

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From Novi Marshal Laudohn advanced to Gradiska; but the overflowing of the Save obliged him to suspend his operations, and to retire into winter quarters.

The campaign is now closed, except in the environs of Oczakow, where the Russian fleet being froze in, the army is obliged to remain for their defence, notwithstanding that immense numbers of their men are every day carried off by the severity of the weather, and the scarcity and badness of provisions.

In the mean while the Captain Bashaw has brought his fleet here to refit, and will resume the blockade of the Russians as soon as the ice breaks. The success of this Admiral has not been so great as his force, abilities, and resolution gave the Porte reason to expect; but they are satisfied, that by engaging almost the whole attention of the Russians, he paved the way for the success of the Grand Vizir, whose victories have more than compensated in the eyes of the Turks, for the disappointment of the Captain Bashaw.

The squadron from the southward have brought in three Russian Privateers, and since there is reason to hope that Oczakow[8] will hold out, this campaign has, upon the whole, exceeded the most sanguine expectations of the Turks. I am astonished that they have made it out so well, for their army is really little better than an animated mob under the command of a popular leader. I have searched in vain for field-days or reviews, even among the standing forces. The only thing like military exercise, that I could ever discover, was now and then two or three men firing at a mark, or practising themselves in throwing the lance on horseback.

At present the grand army is elated with victory, and formidable by the spirit infused by success; but as one or two defeats will destroy that religious confidence and enthusiastic fury, which, for a time, supply the want of discipline and skill, the third campaign, I am afraid, will shake this very capital, unless England and Prussia forbid such a catastrophe, and by resolute measures, confirm the expectations of the Porte, and of all those who wish well to the honor and interest of the Triple Alliance.

Footnote 8:

A magazine having blown up, and made a practicable breach, the Russians immediately advanced to the assault, and, after sacrificing four thousand men, carried the town.

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ADVERTISEMENT.

It was the Author's original intention to publish his work in two volumes, one of which was to contain the whole of his first voyage to the Levant, with his return to Italy, describing all the places he visited previous to his departure from Palermo, whence he set out on his second voyage to Turkey.

This voyage would have formed the second volume, but finding the time allowed him on leave of absence insufficient to complete his design, he has been obliged, for the present, to withhold the latter part of it; and therefore, to make the first in some degree a complete work in itself, he has curtailed his journal, and added a brief account of Constantinople, and of the leading events in the present war between the Porte and the two Imperial Courts. Convinced that these would never be so interesting as at the present moment, he could not think of withholding them from the public till he should have leisure to publish his second volume. And indeed, even in the time since his letters on these important transactions were written, the scene, as he foresaw, is entirely changed, and the Russian and Austrian armies are now advancing towards Constantinople with such success, that the safety of that capital seems no longer to depend upon the Turks, but on those Powers, without whose countenance, it is to be supposed, the Porte would never have engaged against such superior enemies.

The Author during his first voyage, treated but slightly on the manners and government of the Turks. The customs of those people being totally different from any other nation he had visited, his respect for the public would not permit him to offer a particular description on so slight an acquaintance, especially as he was to return to Turkey immediately, and to pass near a twelvemonth in that country.

He therefore desires to have himself considered as being now on the point of leaving Palermo, on his return to the Archipelago; and if the indulgence of the Public should give him sufficient encouragement to appear before them once more, he will endeavour to gratify their curiosity, by publishing the second part of his Tour as soon as his military duty will permit him.

If the Author has not been so copious as he might on Italy and Sicily, it is out of deference to Mr. Moore and Mr. Brydone, whose elegant works have been so universally read and admired, that but little can now be said on the same subject.

The very liberal and distinguished patronage with which the Author has been honored, merits his warmest acknowledgment; and he has only to add, that it now rests with the public, either to encourage him to appear before them again, or by their silence, to command his.

FINIS.

LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS.

DUCHESS Dowag. of Ancaster, _L._ Duchess Dowag. of Athol Countess Dowag. of Ailesbury Earl of Aylesford, _5 L._ Earl of Abercorn Right Hon. Lord Apsley, _L._ Right Hon. Lady Apsley, _L._ Le Chevalier Angelo Miss F. Ashburnham, 2 Copies Miss K. Ashburnham, 2 Copies Mr. Aldridge, M.P. _L._ Capt. Alms, Royal Navy, _L._ Capt. Archer, 1st Reg. of Guards, _L._ Capt. Airey, 48th Reg. Lieut. Andrews, Royal Navy Lieut. Aytone, 16th Reg. Lieut. Adams, Queen's Reg. Lieut. Anderson, 48th Reg. Lieut. Archbald, 30th Reg. Ensign Abbot, 68th Reg. Ensign Alves, 35th Reg. Mr. Adair, Pall-mall, _L._ Mr. Adair, Newton, _L._ Mr. Anderson, Gibraltar Mr. Abudraham, Gibraltar Mr. Ashton, Gibraltar Mr. Acland, Devonshire Mr. Arthur Mr. Abney, St. John's College.

Earl Bathurst, _L._ Earl of Balcarres Countess of Balcarres Countess Dowag. of Balcarres Right Hon. Lady Charlotte Bertie, _L._ Right Hon. Isaac Barré, _5 L._ Lieut. General Sir Robert Boyd, K. B. _L._ Hon. George Berkeley, _L._ Hon. Mrs. Berkeley, _L._ Sir Montague Burgoyne, Bart. Sir Patrick Blake, Bart. _L._ Hon. C. Boyle, Royal Navy Mr. Barwell, M. P. _2 L._ Mrs. Barwell, _L._ Mr. Brodie, M. P. _L._ Mr. Bulteel, _3 L._ Mr. T. H. Bulteel, _L._ Mr. J. Bulteel, Jun. _L._ Colonel Bullock, M. P. Governor Bruce, Dominica, 4 Copies Governor Brown, Guernsey, _L._ Colonel Balfour, 33d Reg. Colonel Bromhead, R. N. Lincoln Militia Colonel B. Bromhead, R. S. ditto Major Brooke, 3d Dragoon Guards, _L._ Capt. Bulteel, Royal Navy Capt. Bennet, Royal Reg. Capt. Baynes, Queen's Reg. Capt. Booth, 32d Reg. Capt. Braban, 38th Reg. Capt. Richard Brine, _L._ Capt. Robert Brine Capt. Joseph Bourke Capt. Brownrigg, 52d Reg. Capt. Busby, 25th Reg. _L._ Capt. Brown, Edinburgh Mrs. Brown Capt. Baynton, Queen's Reg. Capt. Boardman, R. N. B. Dragoons Capt. Bates, Inniskilling Dragoons Capt. Brock, Guernsey Capt. Baillie, 67th Reg. Capt. Bain, ditto Capt. Bromhead, R. N. Lincoln Militia Capt. Bell, 19th Reg. Capt. Berry Rev. Dr. Blair, D. D. Lieut. Brown, Royal Navy, 2 Copies Lieut. Bowen, ditto Lieut. Burlton, ditto Lieut. Briggs, 25th Reg. Lieut. Bunbury, 32d Reg. Lieut. Brown, 35th Reg. Lieut. Byng, 33d Reg. Lieut. Browne, 19th Reg. Lieut. Brock, 8th Reg. Lieut. Bowes, 3d Reg. Lieut. Bumford, 67th Reg. Lieut. Bayne, 11th Reg. _L._ Lieut. Bellamy, Essex Militia, _L._ Lieut. Brooke, 48th Reg. Lieut. Butler, 67th Reg. Ensign Bickford, 25th Reg. Ensign Ball, ditto Ensign Buchanan, 32d Reg. Ensign Baynes, ditto Ensign Bower, 59th Reg. Ensign Brown, ditto Ensign Blunt, 3d Reg. Ensign Blakeney, 17th Reg. Ensign Barnett, 12th Reg. Ensign Baillie, 30th Reg. Ensign Bunbury, 60th Reg. Mr. Broughton, Royal Navy Mr. Browne, ditto Mr. Bushell, ditto Mr. Boyle, 42d Reg. Mr. Bridges, Royal Navy, 2 Copies Mr. Becher, ditto, 4 Copies Rev. Mr. Barnes, Sussex Rev. Mr. Barslow, Colchester Mr. Baynes, Gibraltar, 6 Copies Mr. Bruciano, ditto Mr. Bolton, ditto Mr. Bryant, ditto Mr. Barton, Colchester Mr. C. Baring, Exeter, _L._ Mrs. P. Baker, Exmouth, _L._ Mr. Bailey, Ordnance Mr. Barnard, Jersey Mr. Broadley, Yorkshire Mrs. Bull, Chichester Mr. Burnett, Malaga Mr. Brock, Guernsey Mr. J. Brock, ditto Mr. Baird, of Newbeath Mr. W. Busby, _L._ Mr. Bannatine Mr. Backwell, Chichester Mr. Bowman, Ashgrove Mr. Bedingfield, Bromley-Hall

Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cumberland, _L._ Marquis of Clanricarde, _L._ Marchioness of Clanricarde, _L._ Right Hon. General Conway, _L._ Lady Campbell Mr. Cotsford, M. P. _L._ Mr. Crickitt, M. P. Mr. Chambers, 2 _L._ Mr. Cummings, Inglefield Green, 8 Copies Capt. Cromwell, Royal Navy, _L._ Colonel Coates, 19th Reg. Colonel Caldecot, R. N. Lincoln Militia, _L._ Colonel Campbell, Royal Reg. Major Cockran, ditto Major Cook, _L._ Major Campbell, 48th Reg. Capt. D. Campbell, Royal Reg. Capt. Conolly, 18th Reg. Capt. Carter, 32d Reg. Capt. Coutts, Marines Capt. Carlton, Royal Artillery Capt. Craufurd, Queen's Dragoon Guards Capt. Campbell, 19th Reg. Capt. Church, 38th Reg. Capt. Cuppage, Royal Artillery Capt. Carter, Sussex Militia, _L._ Lieut. Commerford, Royal Navy Lieut. Campbell, ditto Lieut. Craven Lieut. Croker, 38th Reg. Lieut. Clepham, 17th Reg. Lieut. Carleton, 3d Dragoon Guards _L._ Lieut. A. Campbell, Royal Reg. Lieut. N. Campbell, ditto Lieut. R. Campbell, ditto Lieut. Caulfield, 11th Reg. Lieut. Chamney, 25th Reg. Lieut. Campbell, ditto Lieut. Coleman, 32d Reg. Lieut. Cornish, Marines, _L._ Lieut. Clarke, 35th Reg. Lieut. Childers, 11th Dragoons Ensign Cochran, Royal Reg. Ensign Chambers, Queen's Reg. Ensign Cockell, ditto Ensign Clapham, 35th Reg. Ensign Cunningham, 17th Reg. Ensign Callander, 25th Reg. Ensign Creighton, 19th Reg. Ensign Copley, 30th Reg. Ensign Clements, 59th Reg. Mr. Cook, 25th Reg. Mr. Cook, 60th Reg. Dr. Calcagni, LL. D. Naples Rev. Mr. Campbell, Jamaica Mr. Crathorne, _L._ Mr. Collins, Royal Navy Mr. Collier, ditto Mr. Cosby, ditto Mr. R. B. Campbell, ditto Mr. G. R. Collyer, ditto Mr. Coutts, Banker, _L._ Mr. Claneley, Malaga Mr. Cole, ditto Mr. Crooke, ditto Mr. Castleman, Ordnance Mr. Collier, Wenlock Mr. Colt, of Seacliff Mr. Caravallo, Gibraltar Mr. Carey, Guernsey Mr. Cholmondeley Mr. Cathcatt, of Greenfield Mr. Corsellis, Collector of Colchester Mr. Correwont, Jamaica Mr. Cowper, Gibraltar, 2 Copies Mr. M. Cowper, ditto Mr. M. Cowper, Jun. ditto Mr. Calcraft, ditto

Right Hon. Lord Daer, _L._ Hon. Mrs. Damer, 2 _L._ Sir Thomas Dundas, Bart. _L._ Sir George Douglas, Bart. _L._ Colonel Dundas, 11th Dragoons Colonel Dalrymple, Queen's Reg. Colonel Dundas, Royal Reg. Colonel Dansey, 33d Reg. Colonel D'Aubant, Royal Engineers Capt. Dewry, Royal Navy Capt. Dumaresque, ditto Capt. Douglas, 11th Reg. Capt. Davies, 38th Reg. Capt. Darby, 59th Reg. Captain Dorset, R. M. Academy Capt. De Ruvijnes, Royal Artillery Capt. Dickson, Kelso Lieut. Dunham, Royal Navy Lieut. Dewell, Queen's Reg. Lieut. Dawson, ditto, _L._ Lieut. Dickens, Royal Engineers Lieut. Dowse, ditto Lieut. Dickson, 25th Reg. 2 Copies Lieut. Dalton, 67th Reg. Lieut. Davie, 75th Reg. _L._ Lieut. Drozier, Royal Artillery Ensign Duff, 35th Reg. Cornet Dupies, Queen's Dragoon Guards Mr. Davies, 3d Dragoon Guards, _L._ Dr. Downman, M. D. Exeter, _L._ Dr. Douglas, M. D. Kelso Dr. Dickson, Antigua Mr. Durell, King's Advocate, Jersey Rev. H. Bate Dudley Mr. Drill, Royal Navy Mr. Dowling, ditto Mrs. Dewar, Edinburgh Mrs. Disney, Lincoln, _L._ Miss Anne Dick, Prestonfield Mr. Ducarel, Exmouth, _L._ Mr. Duff, Cadiz, 6 Copies Mr. Dezé, Gibraltar Mr. Dott, _L._ Mr. Dunbar, Edinburgh Mr. Day, Colchester Mr. De Zea, Malaga Mr. Desdive, ditto Mr. Derrieux, ditto Mr. Dannexy, ditto Mr. Dempster Mr. Dawson, Pontefract, _L._ Mr. Dashwood Mr. J. Drew, Chichester, 2 Copies Mr. Dundas, of Arniston Mr. Dundas, Lincoln's-Inn Mr. Dundas, of Melville Mr. Davies, Coombe Grove, _L._ Mr. Ditcher, East Berghott Mr. Donaldson, Jamaica

Earl of Eglintoun, _L._ Hon. Colonel Eliott, 3 Copies Colonel Eyre, Royal Artillery Major Edgar, 25th Reg. 8 Copies Capt. Evelegh, Royal Engineers Capt. Erskine, 50th Reg. Lieut. Espinasse, 11th Reg. Lieut. Eiston, 35th Reg. Lieut. Elliott, King's Dragoon Guards Lieut. Edwards, Queen's Reg. Lieut. Evelegh, ditto Lieut. Evatt, Queen's Dragoon Guards Ensign Eyre, 11th Reg. Ensign Elliot, 25th Reg. 2 Copies Ensign Eliott, Queen's Reg. Mr. Ekins, Royal Navy, 2 Copies Mr. Elkins, ditto Mrs. Elliot, Malaga Mr. Enslie, Smyrna, 2 Copies Mr. Eyre, Exmouth Mr. Eden, Gibraltar Mr. Elliot, Essex

Right Hon. Lord Augustus Fitzroy Right Hon. Lord Charles Fitzgerald, _L._ Right Hon. Lord Henry Fitzgerald, _L._ Right Hon. Lord Robert Fitzgerald, _L._ Right Hon. Lord Edward Fitzgerald, _L._ Hon. Colonel Fox, _L._ Hon. Mrs. Fox Hon. Mrs. Forward, _L._ Hon. Matthew Fortescue, _L._ Mr. Francis, M. P. _L. _ Mrs. Francis, _L._ Miss Francis, _L._ Miss C. Francis, _L._ Colonel Fullarton, M. P. _L._ Mr. Fleming, M. P. _L._ Capt. Forch, Queen's Reg. Capt. Fyers, Royal Engineers Capt. Fiott, Jersey Lieut. French, 35th Reg. Lieut. Finley, Royal Engineers, 2 Copies Lieut. Findlay, King's Dragoon Guards Lieut. Freeman, Royal N. B. Dragoons Lieut. Fellowes, 61st Reg. Lieut. Farquharson, 42d Reg. Lieut. Finney, Royal Reg. Lieut. Framingham, Royal Artillery Ensign Fitzgerald, 11th Reg. Dr. Fleming, 25th Reg. Mr. Fleming, ditto Dr. Fellowes, M. D. Lincoln, _L._ Rev. Dr. Foster, D. D. Colchester Rev. Mr. Frewen, ditto Professor Ferguson Mr. Judge Fraser, Gibraltar, 2 Copies Mr. Fraser, King's Arm's-Yard, 2 Copies Mr. S. Fraser, Jun. ditto, 2 Copies Mr. Finley, Royal Navy Mr. Fraser, ditto Mr. Franklin, ditto, 2 Copies Mr. Farlier, ditto Mrs. Frankland, Chichester, _L._ Mrs. Fletcher, Edinburgh Mrs. Fordyce, of Ayton Miss Fergusson, St. Alban's Mrs. Forbes, of Callander Mr. Forbes Mr. R. Forbes Mr. Falconer, _L._ Mr. Flor, Malaga Mr. Ferguson, Pitfour

Duchess of Gordon, _L._ Earl Gower, _L._ Right Hon. Lord Garlies, 2 Copies Right Hon. Lord Adam Gordon Hon. Mrs. Gawler, _L._ Mr. Bellenden Gawler, _L._ Mr. Gawler, Lincoln's Inn, _L._ Major Gray, Queen's Reg. Major Glover, 11th Reg. Capt. Gordon, 16th Reg. Capt. Giles, 19th Reg. Capt. Gledstanes, 55th Reg. Capt. Gardiner, 25th Reg. 4 Copies Capt. Glynn, of Bodmin, _L._ Mrs. Glynn, _L._ Mr. Glynn, _L._ Lieut. Graves, Royal Navy Lieut. Gordon, Queen's Reg. Lieut. Groves, ditto Lieut. Garside, 59th Reg. Lieut. Gore, 33d Reg. Lieut. Gibson, Essex Militia Lieut. Adam Gordon, 67th Reg. Lieut. J. Gordon, ditto Lieut. Gem, 19th Reg. Lieut. Grant, ditto Lieut. W. Grant, 55th Reg. Cornet Graham, 3d Dragoon Guards, _L._ Ensign Gayer, 67th Reg. Ensign Godfrey, 32d Reg. Dr. Graham, M. D. Royal Reg. Mr. Groves, 67th Reg. Mr. Griffiths, Turnham Green, _L._ Mr. Godfrey, _L._ Miss Godfrey, _L._ Mr. Goring, _L._ Mr. Gascoyne, _L._ Mr. Goodenough, Tax Office, _L._ Mr. Goddard, Royal Navy Mr. Goate, ditto Mr. Green, ditto Rev. Mr. Green, Colchester Rev. Mr. Graves, Claverton Rev. Mr. Guy, Chichester Mr. Guy, ditto Mr. W. Guy, ditto Mrs. Greenwood, Winchester Mr. Gregory, Consul at Malaga Mr. Gretten, Colchester Mr. Grana, Malaga Mr. Grey, Alicant Mr. Griffiths, Chichester

Earl of Hopetoun, _L._ Right Hon. Lord Herbert, _L._ Right Hon. Lady Louisa Harvey, _L._ Mr. Harvey, _L._ Right Hon. W. Gerard Hamilton, _L._ Hon. General Harcourt, _L._ Hon. Mrs. Harcourt, _L._ Sir William Hamilton, K. B. 3 Copies Sir Henry Houghton, Bart. _L._ Hon. Charles Hope, _L._ Hon. John Hope, _L._ Hon. Alexander Hope, _L._ Mr. Hope Hon. Mrs. Hunter Colonel Home, Royal N. B. Dragoons Major Hart, Inniskilling Dragoons Major Hamilton, 18th Reg. Major Haynes, 59th Reg. Major Haynes, Winchester Capt. Hertzog, 17th Reg. Capt. Hewgill, Coldstream Capt. Hawley, King's Dragoon Guards Capt. Harrison, Essex Militia Capt. Horne, 48th Reg. Capt. Hely, 11th Reg. Capt. Haig, 35th Reg. Capt. Howorth, Royal Artillery, _L._ Capt. Hayes, 11th Dragoons Lieut. Hext, 22d Reg. Lieut. Hall, King's Dragoon Guards Lieut. Hall, 30th Reg. Lieut. Hutton, Royal Artillery Lieut. Hamilton, ditto Lieut. Hooke, ditto Lieut. Hope, 18th Reg. Lieut. Hewan, 25th Reg. Lieut. Haven, 50th Reg. Lieut. Hill, 68th Reg. Lieut. Hamilton, ditto Lieut. Harnage, 11th Dragoons Ensign Hucks, 22d Reg. _L._ Ensign Hinde, 25th Reg. Ensign Hawes, 59th Reg. Ensign Hinuber, 68th Reg. Cornet Hunter, King's Dragoon Guards Cornet Hamilton, Royal N. B. Dragoons Ensign Hinde, 55th Reg. Ensign Horsford, 67th Reg. Ensign Hartley, ditto Mr. Hamilton, Queen's Dragoon Guards Mr. Hudson, Commissioner at Gibraltar Mrs. Hudson Mr. Harris, Royal Navy Mr. Hughes, ditto Mr. Horton, ditto, 4 Copies Mr. Halliday, ditto Rev. Mr. Harrison, Essex Rev. Mr. Hewitt, Colchester Dr. Heriot, M. D. Jersey Mr. Horne, Writer to the Signet Mrs. Holt, Chester Mrs. Home, Winchester Mrs. Heathfield, Chichester Mrs. Hay, of Mountblainy Mr. Heathfield, of Nutwell, _L._ Mr. A. Heathfield Mr. Horsey, Gibraltar Mr. Hamilton, of Wishaw, _L._ Mr. Harcourt, Edinburgh Mr. Hume, ditto Mr. D. Hamilton, ditto Mr. Hadley, Essex, _L._ Mr. Hodson, Malaga Mr. Huclin, ditto Mr. Hoffman, ditto Mr. Hounsom, Funtington Mr. Henchman, Chester Mr. Hamilton, of Grange Mr. Hamilton, of Pencaitland Mr. Heigelin, Naples Mr. Hayley, Chichester Mr. Heming, ditto Mr. G. Heming, ditto Mr. Hatcher, Gosport Mr. Havens, Colchester Mr. R. Havens, ditto Mr. Hassard, ditto

Colonel Johnston, 17th Reg. Colonel Jones Major Jordain, _L._ Capt. Johnston, 59th Reg. _L._ Capt. Jones, Queen's Reg. Capt. Imrie, Royal Reg. Lieut. Johnston, 17th Reg. Ensign Ironside, 68th Reg. Cornet Johnston, Inniskilling Dragoons Ensign Jardine, 12th Reg. Rev. Mr. T. Jarvis, Devon Rev. Mr. J. Jarvis, ditto Mr. Jackson, _L._ Mr. P. Justice, Drayton, _L._ Mr. Jeffrays Mr. W. Johnston, Chichester.

Major Kay, 12th Reg. _L._ Lieut. Kelly, 32d Reg. Lieut. Karr, ditto Lieut. Kelly, 68th Reg. Lieut. Kersteman, Royal Engineers Lieut. Kingsbury, Essex Militia Lieut. R. Kingsbury, ditto Lieut. Knight, 11th Reg. Ensign Kingsberry, Queen's Reg. Ensign Kerr, 48th Reg. Rev. Mr. Keun, Smyrna Miss Keppel, _L._ Miss Anne Keith Miss Kinloch Mr. Kinloch Mr. A. Kinloch Mr. Keck, Wimpole-street, _L._ Mrs. Keck, _L._ Mr. Kenworthy, _L._ Mr. Keeting, _L._ Mr. Kearney, _L._ Mr. Kersteman, Colchester Mr. King, ditto Mr. Kirpatrick, Malaga

Literary Society at Lincoln, _L._ Duke of Leinster, _L._ Right Hon. Lord George Lennox, 3 _L._ Right Hon. Lady Louisa Lennox, 3 _L._ Right Hon. Lady Charlotte Lenox, _L._ Colonel Lenox, _L._ Hon. General Leslie, _L._ Hon. David Leslie Hon. Robert Lindsey Hon. Mrs. Lindsey Commodore Lutwidge Mr. Richard Lee, Smyrna, 10 Copies Mr. Edward Lee, ditto, 10 Copies Capt. Lane, 32d Reg. Capt. Lawson, Royal Artillery Lieut. Lane, King's Dragoon Guards Lieut. Lister, ditto Lieut. Lynn, Marines Lieut. Lumsden, 55th Reg. Lieut. Lyne, 19th Reg. Mr. Lavie, Royal Navy Ensign Lewin, 50th Reg. Ensign Lowe, ditto Ensign Lucas, 68th Reg. Cornet Lyons, 11th Dragoons Cornet Lambe, King's Light Dragoons Cornet Le Marchant, Inniskilling Dragoons Ensign Lloyd, 11th Reg. Dr. Lend, 19th Reg. Mr. Lee, 17th Reg. Mr. H. Lynne, Royal Navy Mr. Lamborn, ditto, 4 Copies Mr. Lawrence, ditto, 2 Copies Mr. Lee, Lymston, _L._ Rev. Mr. Lee Mrs. Lindegrene, Portsmouth Mr. Lovelace, Malaga, 2 Copies Mr. Lovejoy, ditto Mr. Lagassicke, Devon Mr. Lewis Mr. Lewis, A. B. Colchester Mr. Lys, Gosport

Duke of Marlborough, _L._ Earl of Mount Edgcumbe, _L._ Viscount Mountstuart, _L._ Sir William Maxwell, Bart. Sir John Macpherson, Bart. Sir John Maxwell, Bart. Hon. George H. Monson, _L._ Hon. Miss Mackay Hon. Miss Georgina Mackay Mrs. Meynell, _L._ Mrs. Milbanke, _L._ General Martin Colonel Maister, M. P. _L._ Mr. Morier, Smyrna, 10 Copies Mr. Maltass, Smyrna, 5 Copies Colonel Maxwell, 30th Reg. Colonel Morris, Invalids Colonel Mercer, Royal Engineers, _L._ Capt. Mann, Royal Navy Capt. G. Murray, ditto Major Mawby, 18th Reg. Capt. Manley, Royal Artillery Capt. Montagu, Queen's Reg. Capt. Moncrief, 11th Reg. Capt. Montresor, 18th Reg. Capt. Macartney, 32d Reg. Capt. M^cLeod, 59th Reg. Capt. M^cLean, 68th Reg. Capt. Mitchell, 11th Dragoons Capt. Maitland, 1st Reg. of Guards Capt. Mackewan, 38th Reg. Capt. Martin, 12th Reg. Capt. Macleod, Royal Artillery, _L._ Capt. Marriott, Essex Militia Capt. Martin, 60th Reg. Capt. Marshall, 30th Reg. Capt. M^cCullock, ditto Captain M^cMurdo, 3d Reg. Capt. Money, Royal N. Lincoln Militia Lieut. Molineux, 25th Reg. _L._ Lieut. Mackenzie, Royal Reg. Lieut. Maitland, Queen's Reg. Lieut. Maddison, 32d Reg. Lieut. Maclean, 50th Reg. Lieut. Moneypenny, 68th Reg. Lieut. Mytton, 25th Reg. Lieut. Marriott, Essex Militia Lieut. Maxwell, 48th Reg. Lieut. Montgomery, 3d Reg. Ensign Macdonald, Royal Reg. Ensign M^cKellar, ditto Ensign Maxwell, 18th Reg. Cornet Mackenzie, 11th Dragoons Cornet Mathew, Royal Dragoons Ensign Marton, 22d Reg. Ensign Montgomery, 30th Reg. Ensign Macdonald, 19th Reg. Ensign M^cDonell, 3d Reg. Mr. M^cDonald, 11th Reg. Mrs. Maitland, Edinburgh Mrs. Martin, Portsmouth Mrs. Munn, Greenwich, _L._ Mrs. Mitchell, Jersey Miss M^cAdam, of Graigingillan Mr. Maule, Royal Navy Mr. Mitchell, ditto Dr. M^cDonald, M. D. Antigua Rev. Mr. Macklin, Essex Mr. Moir, Writer to the Signet Mr. Morrison, Gibraltar, 2 Copies Mr. Meyrick, Queen's Reg. Mr. Macdonald, Edinburgh Mr. Moneypenny, ditto Mr. Manning Mr. G. H. Morisner Mr. Murphy, Malaga Mr. J. S. Macnamara, ditto Mr. T. Macnamara, ditto Mr. Mackintosh, Bathford, _L._ Mr. Mackintosh, John-street, _L._ Mr. Marchetti, Naples Mr. M^cKinnon, ditto Mr. Mackay, _L._ Mr. M^cAdam, of Dunaskire Mr. Martin, Antigua Mr. Massie, St. John's College

Duke of Northumberland, _L._ Capt. Newland, Chichester Capt. Nichols Lieut. Need, King's Dragoon Guards Mrs. Newte, Exmouth, _L._ Rev. Mr. Nott, L. Mr. Newman, Malaga Mr. R. Newland, Chichester Mr. J. Newland, ditto Mr. Neven, Gibraltar Mr. Noble, Naples

Earl of Orford, 2 _L._ General O'Hara, 4 Copies Sir William Oglander, Bart. _L._ Rev. Dr. Oglander, _L._ Rev. Mr. Oglander, _L._ Mr. Oglander, _L._ Capt. O'Hara, Royal Navy Capt. O'Meara, 68th Reg. Capt. Oakes, 33d Reg. Capt. Otway, 48th Reg. Lieut. Ogilvie, 50th Reg. Ensign Overend, ditto Mr. Osborne, Royal Navy Mr. Ormston, Kelso

Right Hon. Lord Paget, _L._ Right Hon. Lady Caroline Peachey, _L._ Right Hon. William Pitt, _L._ Right Hon. Thomas Pelham, _L._ Hon. William Paget, 2 Copies General Phillipson, _L._ General Picton, _L._ Admiral Peyton Commissioner Proby, _L._ Colonel Phipps, Royal Engineers, 6 Copies Mr. Phipps, Somerset-street, _L._ Colonel Pringle, Royal Engineers Capt. Peyton, Royal Navy, 2 Copies Major Polson, _L._ Mr. Polson, _L._ Major Pitcairn, 17th Reg. Capt. Prevost, 25th Reg. 4 Copies Capt. Peter, 23d Reg. Lieut. Probyn, 38th Reg. _L._ Lieut. Phipps, Royal Engineers, _L._ Lieut. Picton, 12th Reg. Lieut. Pell, 11th Reg. _L._ Lieut. Powell, 18th Reg. Lieut. Prevost, 60th Reg. Lieut. Petrie, 3d Reg. Lieut. Prevost, ditto Ensign Philpot, Queen's Reg. Ensign Peep Rev. Dr. Pennington, D.D. Mrs. Pennington Rev. Mr. Phillips, Devonshire Mr. Peachey, Binderton Mrs. Peachey Miss Pulteney Miss Polluck, Lincoln Mrs. E. Pownoll, Drayton, _L._ Mrs. Peckham, Chichester Mr. Partridge, Royal Navy Mr. Phipps, ditto Mr. Peters, ditto Mr. Palmer, ditto Mr. Pulk, _L._ Mr. Perring, _L._ Mr. Proby, Inner Temple Mr. Piele, Harcourt Buildings Mr. Plowes, Malaga, 2 Copies Mr. M. Power, ditto Mr. J. Power, ditto Mr. Plunket, ditto

Lieut. Quin, 35th Reg. Mr. T. Quilty, Malaga Mr. J. Quilty, ditto

Duke of Richmond, 2 _L._ Duchess of Richmond, _L._ 5 Copies Right Hon. Lady Reay Sir Thomas Rumbold, Bart. 2 _L._ Lady Rumbold, _L._ Lady Rivers Hon. Philip Roper, _L._ Mrs. Rigby, Roefield, 2 _L._ Colonel F. Hale Rigby, Essex Militia Capt. Riddell, 32d Reg. 4 Copies Capt. Raitt, Queen's Reg. Capt. Richardson, 18th Reg. Capt. Rose, 50th Reg. Capt. James Robb, _L._ Lieut. Rudsdell, 11th Reg. Lieut. Ramsay, Queen's Reg. Lieut. Rainy, 18th Reg. Lieut. Ross, 25th Reg. Lieut. Rowley, 68th Reg. Lieut. Reeves, Royal Reg. _L._ Lieut. Rowley, Royal Engineers Ensign Robertson, Royal Reg. Ensign Raleigh, Queen's Reg. Ensign Raleigh, 11th Reg. Ensign Robertson, 32d Reg. Ensign Richardson, 35th Reg. Ensign Rogers, 3d Reg. Mr. Russell, 30th Reg. Mr. Robinson, Adjutant of Gibraltar Mr. Rhodes, King's Dragoon Guards Rev. Mr. Rouse, _L._ Mr. Raleigh, Gibraltar Mr. Ross, _L._ Mr. Ramus, _L._ Mr. Ross, Gibraltar Mr. A. Ross, Ordnance, Gibraltar Mr. A. Ross, Gibraltar Mrs. Rebow, Colchester Mrs. Ruth, ditto Mr. Round, ditto Mr. Reynolds, Essex Mr. Round, ditto Mr. Rush, Colchester Mr. Rosden Mr. W. Raper, Chichester

Countess of Sutherland, _L._ Right Hon. Lady Saltoun, 2 Copies Right Hon. Lord Southampton, _L._ Right Hon. Lady Madelina Sinclair, _L._ Sir Robert Sinclair, Bart. _L._ Lady Sinclair Miss Sinclair, _L._ Dr. Sinclair, M. D. Mr. Sinclair Hon. Capt. Stopford, Royal Navy Hon. G. A. Chetwynd Stapylton, _L._ Hon. Mrs. Chetwynd Stapylton, _L._ Mrs. Stapylton, _L._ Hon. Cornet Southwell, _L._ Mr. Steele, M. P. 2 _L._ Mr. Steele, Recorder of Chichester, _L._ Mrs. Steele, Chichester, _L._ Mr. Scottney, _L._ Mr. Sargent, Lavington, _L._ Mrs. Sargent, _L._ Capt. Sutherland, Royal Navy, 2 Copies Capt. Smith, ditto Major Schaw, 68th Reg. Major Strutt, 60th Reg. Major Sladden, 67th Reg. Capt. Snowe, 64th Reg. Capt. John Smith, Royal Artillery Capt. Scott, Royal Reg. Capt. St. Clair, 25th Reg. 2 Copies Capt. Shaw, 35th Reg. Capt. Smith, Invalids Capt. Smith, 25th Reg. 2 _L._ Capt. Smith, Marlborough-street, _L._ Capt. Skinner, Royal Engineers, _L._ Capt. Scott, of Rosebank Capt. Semple, 44th Reg. _L._ Capt. Sperling, Essex Militia Capt. Shipley, Royal Engineers Capt. Sherret, 19th Reg. Capt. Syer, King's Dragoon Guards Lieut. J. Skinner, Royal Navy Lieut. Stratton, ditto Lieut, Sheldrake, Royal Artillery Lieut. Skyring, ditto Lieut. Shrapnell, ditto Lieut. Sebright, 18th Reg. Lieut. Scott, 32d Reg. Lieut. Stewart, 25th Reg. 2 Copies Lieut. Sturgeon, Marines Lieut. Smart, Royal Engineers Lieut. Serjeantson, King's Dragoon Guards Lieut. Saumarez, 8th Reg. Lieut. Stratton, 67th Reg. Lieut. Smith, 30th Reg. Lieut. Sparrow, Essex Militia Ensign St. George, 11th Reg. Cornet Shelly, 11th Dragoons Ensign Shirley, 67th Reg. Ensign Sinclair, 3d Reg. Mr. Shapter, Royal N. B. Dragoons Mr. Smith, Denbigh Militia Rev. Mr. Shillilo, Colchester Rev. Mr. Sandys, Essex Mr. Smith, Ordnance, _L._ Mr. Snipe, Royal Navy Mr. Scott, ditto Mr. Simpson, ditto Mr. Smith, ditto Mr. J. W. Skinner, ditto Mr. Sneyd, ditto Mr. Starck, ditto, 4 Copies Mr. Scrivener, _L._ Mr. Stables, _L._ Mr. Storey, _L._ Mr. Saumarez, Guernsey Mrs. Sperling, Colchester Mr. Simpson, Russian Consul at Gibraltar Mr. A. Simpson, Gibraltar, _L._ Mr. Smith, ditto Mr. Stones, ditto Mr. Sweatland, ditto Mr. W. Simpson, ditto Mr. Smith, Bury St. Edmunds

Sir George Thomas, Bart. _L._ Mr. Tierney, M. P. _L._ Miss E. S. Tayler, _L._ Colonel Teasdale, _L._ Major Trench, 38th Reg. Capt. Timms, 44th Reg. _L._ Capt. Tweedie, 12th Reg. Capt. Trotter, King's Dragoon Guards Capt. J. Thompson Capt. J. Tiddy Lieut. Tireman, Royal Navy Lieut. Teesdale, 25th Reg. 2 Copies Lieut. Turner, 3d Dragoon Guards, _L._ Lieut. Thorley, 44th Reg. Lieut. Tyndale, King's Dragoon Guards Ensign Tomlinson, 30th Reg. Cornet Thomas, 11th Dragoons Mr. Taylor, 32d Reg. Mr. Taylor, 67th Reg. Mr. Thompson, 30th Reg. Rev. Mr. Tireman, Chichester, 2 Copies Rev. Cook Tylden Mr. Teppet, Royal Navy Mr. J. G. Thompson, ditto Mr. Trownsell, ditto Mr. R. Thompson, ditto Mr. Tait, Edinburgh Mr. Travers, _L._ Mr. Tylburn, Colchester Mr. Tabor, ditto Mr. Tyssen, Essex Mr. Tylden Mr. Tinling, Gosport Mr. Tobin, Malaga, 4 Copies

Earl of Uxbridge, 2 _L._ Countess of Uxbridge, _L._ Capt. Urquhart, 30th Reg. Mr. Upsman, Royal Navy Mr. C. Upham, Exeter

Colonel Vyse, King's Dragoon Guards Lieut. Vesey, 11th Reg. Lieut. Vassell, 59th Reg. Lieut. Vaughan, ditto, _L._ Lieut. Vansittart, 38th Reg, Lieut. Vincent, 19th Reg. Dr. Veitch, Clithero, _L._ Mr. Vaughan Mr. Vaughan, Gibraltar

Earl of Winchelsea, 2 _L._ Viscountess Wicklow, _L._ Sir John Wrottesly, Bart. Sir James Wemyss, Bart. Hon. Mr. Walpole, _L._ Mr. Watson, of New Saughton, _L._ Mr. Wallace, of Carlton Hall, _L._ Colonel Walker, Royal Artillery Major Wilson, Colchester, 2 Copies Major Wauchope, 50th Reg. Capt. Warre, Royal Navy Capt. Williamson, 25th Reg. 4 Copies Capt. Wright, ditto, 4 Copies Capt. Wilson, 59th Reg. Capt. Wilkinson, 67th Reg. Lieut. Wade, 25th Reg. 2 Copies Lieut. White, 32d Reg. Lieut. Wilson, 50th Reg. Lieut. Waugh, 68th Reg. Lieut. Westroppe, Marines Lieut. Wilson, 48th Reg. Lieut. Willimot, 3d Reg. Lieut. Wigley, Royal N. B. Dragoons Cornet Webb, Queen's Dragoon Guards Ensign Wolseley, 18th Reg. Ensign Wogan, 12th Reg. Dr. Walker, Edinburgh Dr. Watson, Kelso Mrs. Webber, Chichester, _L._ Mrs. Willis Mr. H. R. Williams, Royal Navy, 4 Copies Mr. C. Williams, ditto, 2 Copies Mr. Wright, Royal Navy Mr. Wilson, ditto Mr. Walker, ditto Mr. Watts, ditto Mr. Williams, _L._ Mr. Welch, _L._ Mr. White, 3 Copies Mr. Williamson, _L._ Mr. J. Williams, Exeter, _L._ Mr. H. Woodfall, Cadiz Mr. Winter, Gibraltar Mr. Williams, ditto Mr. Whitfield, Wenlock Mr. Wood, Chichester Mr. W. Sinclair Wemyss Mr. Wistrer, Colchester Mr. Walsond, Dominica Mr. Worseley, Malaga Mr. Wilson, Pontefract

Right Hon. Lady Elizabeth Yorke Hon. Philip Yorke Colonel Yorke, 33d Reg. Capt. Yorke, Royal Artillery Lieut. Young, Royal Navy, 4 Copies Mr. Young, ditto Mr. Yorston, Gibraltar

N.B. The Subscribers marked _L._ subscribed to the Guinea Edition, which the Author had not determined to publish till after he had collected the subscriptions at Gibraltar.

Transcriber's Notes The cover image was produced by the Transcriber and is in the public domain. The list of subscribers was originally before the start of the book and has been moved to back as a convenience to modern readers for whom it may not have importance.

Superscripted letters, particularly in some of the Scottish names (e.g., McLeod), have been depicted by regular letters.

Errata corrections: