Part 9

397. F. BRYOIDES. Hedw, St. ¼–½in.; l. lanceolate apiculate, with a thickened margin, dorsal wing reaching to, and broad at, the base, strongly nerved to or beyond apex; caps. elliptical erect, symmetrical; lid conical, acutely rostellate; barren fl. axillary.

Shady banks, frequent. I.—III.

_b._ Dioicous.

398. F. OSMUNDIOIDES. Hedw. St. 1–2in. tufted, erect, radiculose; l. lower scattered, small, upper larger crowded, ovate-lanceolate obtuse, apiculate, margin not thickened, almost entire, not nerved to apex, the latter sometimes toothed; caps. small oval-oblong, sub-erect; lid large convex rostrate.

Wet mountainous rocks. X. XI.

399. F. ASPLENIOIDES. Hedw. St. (in var. β. only found in Britain) 3–12in.; l. linear-lanceolate or ligulate entire, obtuse, incurved when dry; caps. sub-erect obovate, slightly incurved; lid rostrate, as long as capsule; barren fl. axillary or terminal.

var. β. _polyphyllos._ “branches arcuate, l. wider, rather acute, more strongly nerved, serrulate at apex, barren fl. numerous axillary.” [Wils. Bry. Brit.] Moist shady rocks on mountains. W. I.

II. Fructif. lateral.

400. _F. adiantoedes._ Hedw. St. 1–2in. branched, leafy; l. ovate-lanceolate, finely serrulate below, dentate at apex, nerved almost or quite to apex; border sometimes thickened; caps. oval-oblong, constricted at mouth when dry, cernuous; lid with a long beak: monoicous.

Shady wet rocks and bogs. X.–IV.

401. F. TAXIFOLIUS. Hedw. St. about ½in. fasciculate from base; l. lanceolate, pointed, not bordered, finely crenulate, nerved almost to apex; caps. almost ovate, inclined on a seta curved at summit, and inserted at base of stem, lid large convex with a long oblique beak: monoicous.

Moist shady banks. XII.—II.

402. F. DECIPIENS. De Not. St. about ½in. fasciculate from base; l. lower distant, coulter-shaped, upper imbricate patulous, oblong-ligulate acute or mucronulate, dorsal wing narrow, nerve strongly excurrent, excavate; the cultriform lobe of the upper leaves obliquely acute, longer than half the leaf, upper part strongly serrate; caps. ovate, somewhat constricted at base, erect or inclined; lid large rounded beaked: dioicous. [De Notaris, Epilogo Briol. Ital. 1869, p. 480.]

Damp rocks and old walls.

403. F. TAMARINDIFOLIUS. Donn. St. about ½in. fasciculate, slender; l. elliptical “sub-falciform apiculate,” with an entire pellucid cartilaginous border, nerved to apex; caps. ovate-oblong curved inclined; lid short conical, with a bluntish point.

Banks, &c. II. III.

DIVISION II. PLEUROCARPI.

72. ANŒCTANGIUM. B. & S.

404. A. COMPACTUM. Schw. St. 1–4in. densely tufted, slender; l. short, lanceolate spreading from an erect base, acuminate, slightly serrulate near the base only, nerved to or beyond apex; caps. oval-oblong erect; lid long convex, with a slender oblique beak.

Crevices of moist alpine rocks. Autumn.

405. A. HORNSCHUCHIANUM. Hoppe. “St. elongate cæspitose; l. linear-subulate from a dilated base, channelled, entire; caps. roundish-pyriform: lid rostrate.” Wils. “L. upper part of dilated base is always more or less distinctly crenate or serrulate, from thence to the apex entire.” W. Mitten, Jour. of Bot., vol. V., p. 329. [Mr. Mitten refers Dr. Taylor’s plant from Ireland to _Tortula Hibernica_, by which name it is described under that genus.]

73. LEUCODON. SCHW.

406. L SCIUROIDES. Schw. St. or branches 1in. from a creeping rhizome; l. imbricate, ovate, entire, tapering to a point, plicate, somewhat secund; per. l. longer, all nerveless; caps. long elliptical erect; lid conical beaked.

Trees, walls, rocks, &c. IX.

407. L. LAGURUS. Hook. St. ½–1in., tomentous; l. ovate, suddenly contracted to a piliferous point, concave, serrulate near apex, nerved half way; caps. cylindrical; lid with a short curved beak.

Trees and rocks.

var. β. _borealis._ “st. not tomentous; l. auriculate and serrate at base, more concave and more suddenly attenuated, with longer points; faintly two-nerved at base only.” Wils. N. Uist, Hebrides, 1851.

74. ANTITRICHIA. BRID.

408. A. CURTIPENDULA. Brid. St. 3–8in. straggling, pinnately branched; l. ovate, concave, sharply curved to a roughly toothed point, which ends in a double hook in the younger ones, nerved half way, margins recurved; caps. roundish elliptical drooping; lid with an oblique beak.

Rocks and trees. IV.

75. LEPTODON. BRID.

409. L. SMITHII. Brid. St. 1–3in. creeping, branches pinnate or bipinnate; l. ovate, rounded and obtuse at apex, entire, margin recurved below, nerved more than half way; per. l. erect ovate-subulate; caps. elliptical horizontal on a short curved seta; lid with an oblique beak.

Trees. Devon, &c. IV.

76. ANOMODON. H. & T.

410. A. VITICULOSUS. H. & T. St. 1–2in. from a creeping rhizome rigid; l. more or less secund or spreading from an ovate base lingulate or subulate, obtuse, entire, nerve pellucid, almost reaching apex; caps. almost cylindrical erect, on a yellowish seta; lid large conical rostrate.

Shady limestone rocks, trees. XI.

411. A. ATTENUATUS. Hueb. (_Hypnum_, Schreb. _Leskea_, Hedwig.) St. 1–2in. procumbent with incurved branches; l. imbricate, sometimes secund, ovate-lanceolate from a narrow base, acute, scarcely nerved to apex; per. l. narrower nerveless; areolæ minute opaque; caps. cylindrical erect; lid conical, with an oblique beak: dioicous.

Damp rocks and rotten tree trunks. Den of Airlie, Forfarshire (Fergusson), 1868.

412. A. LONGIFOLIUS. Hartm. Rhizomes slenderer than No. 410, branches sub-fasciculate; l. somewhat secund, from an ovate base lanceolate tapering, very acute, nerved to apex; caps. ovate-oblong on a short seta; lid large conical rostellate.

Scotch mountains; fr. not found in Britain. Autumn.

77. HABRODON. SCHP.

413. H. NOTARISII. Schpr. (_Pterogonium perpusillum_, De Not.) St. creeping, irregularly branched; l. spreading squarrose opaque, imbricate and shining when dry, from an ovate base longly acuminate, nerveless, entire; per. l. internal with erose margins; caps. oval-oblong erect, slightly striate, and contracted at mouth when dry; lid conical erose. [Supp. Bry. Eur. fasc. III. IV.]

Trunks of elm and white thorn. Spring.

Windermere and Devon (J. Nowell); Killin, Perthshire (A. McKinlay), July, 1865; Ben Lawers (Hunt).

78. PTEROGONIUM. SWARTZ.

414. PT. FILIFORME. Hedw. St. creeping, with incurved fasciculate branches; l. imbricate or secund, elliptical, concave, papillose at back, serrulate at pointed apex, margin recurved; nerved half way, or shortly two-nerved at base; caps. elliptical erect; lid conical, obliquely rostrate.

Mountainous rocks and tree trunks. S. I. Spring.

415. PT. GRACILE. Sw. Rhizome creeping, with arcuate stems, and incurved fasciculate branches; l. spreading, (appressed when dry) ovate, concave, acute, serrate near apex, margin not recurved, slightly two-nerved at base; caps. oblong, longer and thicker than last; lid conical, shorter, not rostrate.

Shady sub-alpine rocks and walls, and trees. XI.

79. ISOTHECIUM. BRID.

416. I. MYURUM. Dill. St. 1–2in. from a creeping stoloniferous rhizome, with fasciculate branches; l. elliptical concave, not tapering but serrulate at apex, nerved half way, singly or forked; per. l. erect; caps. ovate, erect, with a long rostrate lid: dioicous.

Trees and rocks. X.

80. CLIMACIUM. W. & M.

417. C. DENDROIDES. W. & M. St. 1–3in. erect, with long spreading branches; l. ovate-lanceolate, serrulate at apex: st. l. acute, br. l. obtuse, nerved nearly to apex; per. l. nerveless, entire; caps. erect ovate-oblong, with a pointed beak.

Boggy places. X.–I.

81. CYLINDROTHECIUM. BRY. EUR.

418. C. MONTAGNEI. Bry. Eur. Müller. St. 1–2in., branches pinnate, recurved, cuspidate; l. elliptical acute entire, rather obtuse, faintly two-nerved at base, margin recurved below; marginal basal cells large and pellucid; caps. cylindrical, erect, on a long seta, and with a blunt lid: dioicous.

Limestone hills. S. E. Autumn.

82. LESKEA. HED.

A. L. not striate.

_a._ l. nerveless, or faintly two-nerved.

419. L. MONILIFORMIS. Wahl. St. ½in. slender tufted, branched; l. imbricate, nearly round, obtuse, very concave, nerveless, denticulate at base; per. l. ovate-lanceolate; caps. almost erect, small, oval-oblong, with a short beak.

Alpine rocks. E. S. I. Summer.

420. L. APICULATA. Hueb. [_Myurella._] Loosely cæspitose, soft and fragile; l. loosely imbricate or patent, ovate, very concave, often with a recurved apiculus, opaque; perist. pale, small. [Bryol. Eur., v. t. 560.]

Moist rocky ground. Ben Lawers. Summer.

421. L. MICANS. Wils. [_Hypnum._ Bry. Brit. 402.] St. prostrate, very slender, filiform, branched; l. almost orbicular, concave, apiculate, serrulate, sometimes faintly two-nerved at base; fruit not known.

Shady rocks. S. of Ireland.

422. L. POLYANTHA. Hedw. Stem short creeping, branched; branches incurved above; l. crowded sub-secund, ovate-acuminate, suddenly apiculate, with apiculus sometimes slightly serrulate, nerveless; caps. elliptic-oblong erect, broader below, with a conical bluntish lid and long calyptra: monoicous.

Trees. E. S. W. VII. VIII.

_b._ l. nerved.

423. L. PULVINATA. Wahl. St. ½in. procumbent, slenderly branched; l. imbricate elliptic-ovate, narrowed below, concave entire, nerved half way, or two-nerved at base; areolæ large, almost hexagonal; per. l. nerveless; caps. almost erect, oval-oblong; lid conical pointed, falling early: monoicous.

Roots of trees near rivers, &c. V. VI.

424. L. POLYCARPA. Ehr. St. longer, densely tufted; almost pinnately branched; l. imbricate, sub-secund, ovate, tapering, stoutly nerved nearly to apex, margin entire, reflexed below; per. l. erect, striate; caps. cylindrical, erect, lid conical acute: monoicous.

Roots of trees. V. VI.

var. β. _paludosa_, generally more lax; caps. longer.

B. L. striate.

425. L. SERICEA. Dill. St. 1in. or more, creeping, branched; branches erect, curved; l. imbricate, sub-secund, lanceolate, long tapering, scarcely nerved to apex; areolæ very narrow; caps. almost erect, cylindrical, tapering above, on a rough seta; lid conical, obliquely beaked: dioicous.

Walls, rocks, and trunks of trees. XI.–III.

426. L. RUFESCENS. Hall. St. 1–3in. erect, branched, with reddish brown foliage; l. imbricate, almost erect, lanceolate, long tapering, often almost piliferous, nerveless, margins plane; caps. generally erect cylindrical, on a long smooth seta; lid shortly conical: dioicous.

Moist shady alpine rocks. S. X.

427. L. SUBRUFA. Wils. St. about 1in. or less, erect, branched; foliage, young green, older brownish; l. almost erect, sub-secund, lanceolate, long tapering, nerveless, entire; caps. ovate, tapering below, almost erect; lid conical pointed; dioicous. Fruit not found in Britain.

Sub-alpine rocks. Summer.

83. HYPNUM. DILL.

_Sub-genus_ I. THUYIDIUM. St. erect, pinnate or bipinnate, with numerous branched villi; l. densely papillose on the back; nerve single.

_a._ St. simply pinnate.

428. H. (THUYIDIUM.) ABIETINUM. Dill. St. 2–4in. rigid, reddish, not always erect; br. slightly drooping crowded; l. imbricate, erecto-patent, more or less secund; st. l. ovate or cordate acuminate, serrulate near apex, plicate; br. l. narrower, less plicate; all papillose on back and keel, nerved nearly to apex; areolæ dot-like; caps. oblong-cylindrical, arcuate, cernuous; lid conical: dioicous.

Alpine rocks, chalk hills, &c. Spring.

429. H. (THUYIDIUM) BLANDOVII. W. & M. St. 3in. erect, flexible; br. slender, spreading; l. loosely imbricate, erect from a spreading base, broadly ovate or sub-cordate, acute, narrowed at base almost to a pedicel, keeled, serrulate, not papillose on keel, thinly nerved nearly to apex, margin recurved: areolæ larger, sub-hexagonal; caps. oblong, curved, cernuous; lid conical, with a blunt point: monoicous.

Bogs, rare. V.

430. H. (THUYIDIUM) DECIPIENS. De Not. (_H. rigidulum._ Ferg.) St. 2–4in. rigid, villous, with short attenuate branches; st. l. distant, sub-squarrose, deltoid-ovate, suddenly acuminate auricled, concave serrate, papillose on both sides, sometimes secund above; br. l. smaller, crowded, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, spreading or secund, nerved half way or more; areolæ large hexagonal and pellucid at base, above oval-elongate confused (Fergusson).

Springs and streams. Ben Lawers (Dr. Stirton), 1866; Clova, 2800 ft. (Fergusson), 1868; Auchinblae, 800 ft. (Sim and Fergusson); Glas Mheal, Perthshire, 2500 ft. (G. E. Hunt). All barren.

_b._ St. bi- or tri-pinnate: dioicous.

431. H. (THUYIDIUM) DELICATULUM. L. St. elongate, erect or procumbent, bipinnate; br. drooping, often rooting at apex; l. broadly cordate or ovate-acuminate, sub-striate, papillose or muricate on back and keel, nerved nearly to apex, which is finely serrulate; caps. sub-cylindrical curved, cernuous, pale brown, lid large conical, not rostrate.

Limestone and chalk rocks, &c. VII. VIII.

432. H. (THUYIDIUM) TAMARISCINUM. Hedw. St. elongate, arched, procumbent, interruptedly tri-pinnate; br. not rooting; st. l. cordate acuminate, plicate; br. l. ovate, obtuse; all papillose at back, but not so much so as last; serrulate near and nerved almost to apex; caps. oblong-cylindrical, curved, cernuous, purplish red; lid large conical, with a long beak.

Woods and banks, frequent. XI.

_Sub-genus_ II. PTYCHODIUM. Branches sub-pinnate; l. patent and secund, often deeply sulcate, thinly nerved to apex; areolæ shortly linear, quadrate at the angles; caps. cernuous, horizontal, ovate; per. teeth dense and narrow, lamellose, cilia rudimentary.

433. H. (PTYCHODIUM) PLICATUM. Schl. St. creeping, tomentous; branches ascending incurved; l. ovate, imbricate, pointed, margin recurved; per. l. twice as large; caps. ovate-oblong, small, on a half-inch reddish seta: dioicous.

Alpine rocks. S. IV. (?)

_Sub-genus_ III. CAMPTOTHECIUM. Stems trailing in part, sub-erect, branched; l. silky, striate, thinly nerved, areolæ narrowly linear; caps. cernuous, on a smooth or rough incurved seta; lid shortly rostrate or conical; internal perist. with long cilia.

434. H. (CAMPTOTHECIUM) LUTESCENS. Dill. St. about 3in. irregularly branched, sometimes pinnate; l. narrowly lanceolate, tapering to a long point, entire, nerved nearly to apex; caps. oblong arcuate, on a rough seta; lid conical, beaked: monoicous.

Rocks and woods (limestone and sandstone). IV.

435. H. (CAMPTOTHECIUM) NITENS. Dill. St. 2–4in. erect, almost pinnate, radiculose; branches short spreading; l. erecto-patent, lanceolate, long tapering, acute, not nerved to apex, entire, margin recurved; caps, arcuate oblong, on a long smooth seta; lid conical: dioicous.

Bogs. E. S. IV. V.

_Sub-genus_ IV. BRACHYTHECIUM. Plants upright or prone, irregularly branched; l. silky, patent or sub-secund, more or less decurrent, thinly nerved, striate; areolæ narrowly hexagono-rhomboid, generally quadrate at basal angles; caps. ovate, sub-globose, or oblong, often turgid, lid conical.

_a._ Seta smooth.

436. H. (BRACHYTHECIUM) MILDEANUM. Schp. St. ½ to 1in. erect branched; l. sub-erect, long lanceolate, gradually tapering from a broadish base into a long slender point, almost piliferous, plicate when dry, margins plane, thinly nerved more than half way; areolæ long and narrow, broader at base and quadrate at basal angles; caps. obovate-oblong or unsymmetrical, much curved cernuous, constricted at mouth when dry, on a red twisted seta; lid conical, tapering to a blunt apex, tipped with an apiculus.

Sands. Southport, Fifeshire, Dublin, Cornwall. X. XI.

437. H. (BRACHYTHECIUM) SALEBROSUM. Hoffm. St. 1–2in. procumbent sub-pinnate; l. shortly ovate-acuminate, serrulate, only slightly striate, nerved more than half way; caps. ovate cernuous curved, lid conical, scarcely beaked: monoicous.

Trees. XI.

Near Kirkham Abbey, Yorks. (R. Spruce); Sussex (Mitten).

438. H. (BRACHYTHECIUM) GLAREOSUM. Bruch. St. about 2in. sub-procumbent, branches sometimes sub-pinnate; l. erecto-patent from an ovate base, gradually tapering into a long slender, sometimes twisted, sub-serrulate apex, margin reflexed below; caps. ovate-oblong, cernuous arcuate; lid conical, with a distinct beak: dioicous.

Woods and shady banks. XI.

439. H. (BRACHYTHECIUM) ALBICANS. Dill. St. about 2in. upright; l. spreading, appressed when dry, ovate-acuminate, concave, entire, nerved more than half way; caps. ovate small, scarcely curved, cernuous, on a slender seta; young foliage pale green, greyish brown below: dioicous.

Sandy grassy places. XI. XII.

_b._ Seta rough.

440. H. (BRACHYTHECIUM) VELUTINUM. Dill. St. short creeping, with erect branches; l. sub-secund, ovate-lanceolate, prolonged into a short serrulate taper point; nerved half way or more, margin reflexed below; per. l. almost piliferous; caps. roundish ovate cernuous; lid conical pointed; monoicous.

Walls, sandy hedge banks, roots of trees, &c. XI. XII.

441. H. (BRACHYTHECIUM) REFLEXUM. Seliger. St. more or less arched, procumbent, and rooting at extremities; branches sub-pinnate, slender, incurved; l. shortly ovate-cordate, acuminate, serrate, nerved almost or quite to apex, margin reflexed, areolæ large; caps. small, roundish ovate, horizontal; lid conical pointed: monoicous.

Scottish mountains. Spring.

442. H. (BRACHYTHECIUM) RUTABULUM. Dill. St. long, loosely tufted, procumbent, and rooting at extremities, with erect branches; l. ovate, concave, acuminate, serrulate, striate when dry; thinly nerved, above half way; caps. ovate-oblong, arcuate, cernuous on a very rough seta; lid bluntly pointed: monoicous.

Banks, walls, and trees. Common. IX.—III.

var. δ. _plumulosum._ Sch. l. narrower, tapering, not acuminate. Sands, Southport.

443. H. (BRACHYTHECIUM) CAMPESTRE. B. & S. St. loosely cæspitose, prostrate or ascending, much branched; l. erecto-patent, longly ovate-lanceolate, more or less subulato-acuminate, serrulate, thinly nerved more than half way, plicate, shining; per. l. recurved squarrose from the middle, piliferous; caps. oblong-cylindrical sub-arcuate, on a slightly roughened seta. (Sch. Synopsis, 543.)

Grassy places, fields, &c. Winter and Spring.

Maresfield, Sussex (Mr. Mitten); Spec, in Herb. Kew. “Newchurch, Over, Cheshire, W. W. Dec. 13, 1837.”

444. H. (BRACHYTHECIUM) RIVULARE. Bruch. St. arched, slender; branches slender, incurved, sub-pinnate; l. deltoid-ovate, gradually tapering, not suddenly acuminate, serrate, nerved above half way, decurrent: caps. short roundish ovate arcuate, cernuous; lid large conical acute rostellate: dioicous.

Stones, &c., by rivulets in shady woods; sometimes in water, when the st. are often very elongate. IX.

445. H. (BRACHYTHECIUM) POPULEUM. Hedw. St. creeping, sub-pinnate; l. narrowly ovate-lanceolate, tapering to a long serrulate point, margin reflexed, nerved to apex; caps. small roundish ovate, slightly cernuous or nearly erect; lid conical, very acute, sub-persistent on the ripe fruit: monoicous.

Walls, rocks, trees, &c., frequent. IX.—II.

var. β. _nutans._ Brid. branches longer, caps. distinctly cernuous.

446. H. (BRACHYTHECIUM) PLUMOSUM. Swartz. St. creeping; branches long, frequently erect, sub-pinnate; l. ovate, concave, acuminate, sub-secund, serrulate near apex, nerved above half way; caps. small roundish ovate, cernuous, seta roughish at summit only; lid conical acute: monoicous.

Sub-alpine shady rocks, stones in rivulets, walls, &c. X.—III

_Sub-genus_ V. SCLEROPODIUM. Areolation vermicular, slightly dilated and excavate at angles; caps. on a rough seta, sub-erect or cernuous, turgid, ovate or oblong and sub-incurved.

447. H. (SCLEROPODIUM) CÆSPITOSUM. Wils. St. densely tufted, creeping; branches slender, short, incurved; l. sub-secund, ovate, small, concave, serrulate, nerved above half way; caps. sub-cylindrical, slightly arcuate, sub-erect; lid long rostellate; dioicous.

Damp walls and roots of trees. XI.

Lancashire, Yorkshire, Cheshire, Sussex.

448. H. (SCLEROPODIUM) ILLECEBRUM. L. St. procumbent, sometimes sub-pinnate, branches incurved obtuse; l. roundish ovate, pointed, very concave, imbricate, serrulate, tip slightly recurved; nerve reaching above half way, its tip slightly projecting from back of leaf; caps. ovate-oblong cernuous, somewhat ventricose; lid bluntly conical apiculate: dioicous.

Banks and rocks near the sea. XI. XII.

Hampshire, Anglesea.

_Sub-genus_ VI. EURYNCHIUM. More or less pinnately branched; areolæ narrowly rhomboid or sub-vermicular, dilated at the angles; caps. cernuous and horizontal, on a smooth or rough seta; lid with a long beak.

_a._ _Striatæ._ l. sub-scariose, shining, more or less distinctly sulcate; areolæ long and narrow.

1. Seta smooth.

449. H. (EURYNCHIUM) MYOSUROIDES. L. (_Isothecium myosuroides._ Bry. Brit. 323.) St. slender; branches fasciculate incurved; l. somewhat spreading, from an ovate base lanceolate acuminate, serrulate, nerved more than half way; caps. elliptic-oblong, more or less inclined, on a twisted or curved seta; lid conical, with a short beak: dioicous.

Trunks of trees and rocks. XI.

450. H. (EURYNCHIUM) STRIGOSUM. Hoffm. St. 1in. sub-erect or creeping, scarcely pinnate; l. roundish ovate or cordate, concave, rather obtuse, serrate, nerved above half way, margin recurved below; caps. sub-cylindrical, curved, small; lid conical, with a longish curved beak: parasitico-monoicous.

Roots of trees, rocks, &c. XI.

Cornwall (Tozer in Herb. Hook.) Spring.

451. H. (EURYNCHIUM) DIMORPHUM. Brid. St. 1–2in. procumbent, branches very slender, more or less pinnate; st. l. ovate-acuminate, spreading recurved; br. l. ovate, concave obtuse, sub-erect, all serrulate and shortly two-nerved; areolæ quadrate on margin, the rest larger, longer and less opaque; caps. oblong, almost horizontal; lid conical, without beak: dioicous.

Ben Lawers. Barren. Summer (?)

452. H. (EURYNCHIUM) CATENULATUM. Schwg. St. about ½in. creeping, with erect very slender branches; l. very small, ovate acute, entire concave, margin recurved below, broadly nerved half way or more; caps. oval-oblong slightly curved, sub-erect or cernuous; lid large, with a distinct beak: dioicous.

Alpine and sub-alpine rocks.

Summer.

Scotland; Yorkshire. Fr. not known in Britain.

453. H. (EURYNCHIUM) HETEROPTERUM. Bruch. St. procumbent, more or less pinnate, often rooting at apex; l. ovate-acuminate, small, more or less secund, denticulate, somewhat papillose at back; nerved singly half way, or short and forked; caps. oblong, scarcely curved, almost erect; lid with a long beak: dioicous.

Moist rocks near waterfalls. XI.

Ireland, Wales, Todmorden.

454. H. (EURYNCHIUM) CIRCINNATUM. Brid. St. short, sub-erect arched: branches curved and drooping; l. very small ovate, pointed, sub-secund, serrulate at apex, thickly nerved nearly to apex; areolæ oval, smaller and quadrate at base; caps. oblong cernuous, curved; lid large, with a long oblique or curved beak: dioicous.

Shady limestone rocks and walls. III.

455. H. (EURYNCHIUM) STRIATULUM. Spruce. St. short creeping, tufted; branches short crowded, erect; l. erecto-patent, ovate, long taper pointed, serrate, sub-striate, strongly nerved more than half way; basal areolæ opaque minute; caps. oblong cernuous; lid roundish, with a long pointed beak: dioicous.

Shady limestone rocks and roots of trees. XII.

456. H. (EURYNCHIUM) STRIATUM. Hedw. Much larger than the last in all its parts; stems loosely tufted, arched, sub-pinnate; branches drooping; l. gradually tapering from a broad cordate base, almost squarrose, serrate, striate, nerved more than half way; caps. almost cylindrical, curved, cernuous; lid large, with a long slender curved beak: dioicous.

Woods and shady banks. XII.

2. Seta rough.