Part 5

SECT. III. BARBULA. L. naked, narrowly or ovate-lanceolate, in some species slightly cirrhate when dry.

158. T. MUCRONATA. Brid. [_Cinclidotus riparius_ β. _terrestris_. Bry. Brit.] St. 1–2in. radiculose, branches fastigiate; l. erecto-patent, long lingulate, concave, minutely papillose on both sides, margin slightly recurved, nerve thick excurrent into a mucro; areolæ upper minute, rectangular and hyaline at base; caps. erect cylindrical incurved, lid with an oblique beak: dioicous.

Stones in streams. Anglesea, Bristol, Surrey, Sussex, in fr. (Davies.) IV.

159. T. UNGUICULATA. Hedw. St. ⅛–1in. cæspitose, dichotomous; l. oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, margin recurved, nerve excurrent into a short mucro; caps. oblong-cylindrical erect on a long reddish seta; lid with a subulate beak: dioicous.

Clay banks and hedges. XII.

var. β. _cuspidata._ stems shorter, l. narrower, with a longer mucro.

γ. _apiculata._ l. spreading recurved, mucro long.

δ. _microcarpa._ caps. small oval or oval-oblong.

ε. _obtusifolia._ more robust, l. shorter, broader obtuse, mucro almost or altogether absent; caps. sub-cylindrical.

ζ. _fastigiata._ with long fastigiate innovations; l. larger, slightly undulate.

160. T. CONVOLUTA. Hedw. Cæspitose; l. spreading oblong-lanceolate, plane or somewhat undulate in margin, nerve not excurrent; per. l. strongly convolute, sheathing; caps. inclined oblong-ovate, on a yellowish seta; lid with a long oblique beak: dioicous.

Walls, &c. V. VI.

161. T. REVOLUTA. Schwaeg. Densely cæspitose, l. crowded erecto-patent oblong-lanceolate, nerve excurrent from the blunt apex, margin strongly revolute; caps. reddish brown oval-oblong, with a scarcely oblique lid; seta red: dioicous.

Walls, mostly limestone. V.

162. T. HORNSCHUCHIANA. Schultz. Loosely cæspitose, l. crowded, spreading, ovate-lanceolate, gradually tapering to an acute point, formed by slightly excurrent nerve, margins slightly revolute; caps. oblong slightly curved, annulus narrow: dioicous.

Rocks, walls, and banks, not common. IV. V.

163. T. VINEALIS. Brid. St. more tufted than in _T. fallax_; l. strictly patent with a stouter nerve, which is obscure towards the acute apex; the latter usually tipped with a pointed hyaline cell; appressed when dry, not crisped or contorted; caps. sub-cylindrical: dioicous. (W. Mitten, in Jour. Bot. v. 324.)

Walls. IV. V.

164. T. INSULANA. De Not. (_T. vinealis_ β. _flaccida_. Bryol. Brit. 124.) St. loosely cæspitose; l. linear-subulate from a lanceolate appressed base, recurved or hooked, obliquely patent, acute, margin recurved below, above plane, nerve excurrent; contorted when dry; caps. oblong erect; lid conical attenuate, somewhat obtuse, half as long as capsule: rare in fruit. (loc. cit. 328.)

England and Ireland.

* [T. GRACILIS. Schw. Stem cæspitose, branches fastigiate; “l. erecto-patent, imbricated when dry, carinato-concave, margin recurved, nerve excurrent; per. l. larger, sheathing subulate, and flexuose at apex; caps. ovate-oblong or ovate; perist. scarcely contorted, with a broadish basilar membrane.”—Wils. Bryol. Brit. p. 123. Inserted from Wilson, but has not yet been certainly found in Britain.]

Spring.

165. T. RIGIDULA. Hedw. (_Trichost. rigidulum_, var. β. _densum_. Bryol. Brit. 114.) l. lanceolate carinate, rigid, bristly, not appressed and imbricate, when dry slightly curved and loosely contorted; nerve stout continued into a thick obscure point, not really excurrent; fruit similar to No. 164. (loc. cit. 327.)

Scotland, York, Sussex, and Cornwall.

166. T. SPADICEA. Mitt. (_Trichostomum rigidulum._ Bryol. Brit., p. 114.) St. robust 1–2in.; l. patent from the base, lanceolate-subulate, canaliculate, margin recurved below; incurved and closely imbricate when dry; nerve percurrent and distinct to apex; per. l. lower half erect broadly ovate, upper narrow, recurved; caps. erect cylindrical on a red seta; lid shortly subulate, twisted; teeth narrow, on a short membrane: dioicous. (loc. cit., p. 326.)

Rocks and stones near water. Scotland, Ireland, Bolton Abbey. Autumn, Winter.

167. T. FALLAX. Hedw. St. ½–1in. cæspitose; l. lanceolate from a broadish base, keeled, margin recurved, somewhat squarrose, gradually tapering and nerved to apex; per. l. sheathing; caps. variable both in size and shape, usually sub-cylindrical, with an obtuse rostrate lid often as long as itself: dioicous.

Clay and limestone banks. XI. XII.

168. T. REFLEXA. Brid. [_T. fallax._ δ. Bry. Brit.] St. loosely cæspitose; l. tristichous, recurved and falcate, slightly twisted, from an oblong base lanceolate, keeled, strongly papillose on both sides, margin reflexed below, nerve vanishing below apex; caps. erect cylindrical regular; lid subulate beaked: dioicous.

Calcareous rocks and walls, rare in fr.

Scotland, Yorkshire, Derbyshire; Rydal Water (Baker). [Dr. Braithwaite, Jour. of Bot. IX., 293.]

169. T. RUFA. (Lorenz). Braithwaite. “St. 2–5in. often prostrate at base, sparingly dichotomous, dense leaved. L. recurved when moist, solid from an ovate base lanceolate, gradually apiculate, margin strongly recurved, nerve vanishing just below apex; cells at base rhomboid pellucid, at apex minute quadrate papillose. Reported from Ben Lawers by Dr. Stirton, but I have not seen British specimens.”—[Dr. Braithwaite, l. c. 293.]

170. T. RECURVIFOLIA. Mitt. (_T. gigantea_, Lindb.). “In large fuscous green tufts, blackish brown at base. St. 3–8in. simple or bi-tripartite, robust dense leaved, with a few radicles. L. trifarious squarroso-recurved, when dry twisted and crisped, elongate lanceolate concave, margin strongly revolute, nerve strong, reaching apex; basal cells elongate with sinuous walls, above irregularly stellate.” (l. c. 293.)

Dripping alpine rocks. Ben Bulben, Sligo (Moore).

Buxton in fruit, June, 1865. G. E. Hunt.

SECT. IV. SYNTRICHIA. Lower portion of peristome forming a long tube.

171. T. PRINCEPS. De Not. (_T. Mulleri._ B. & S.) St. 1–2in., cæspitose, with brownish radicles; l. erecto-patent, oblong broad, concave, fawn-coloured, margin reflexed; nerve excurrent into a short scabrous hair point from a rounded obtuse apex; caps. cylindrical, straight or curved on a purplish seta; one-half perist. tubular: synoicous.

Rocks, Scotland. Spring.

172. T. RURALIS. Hedw. Cæspitose, branches dichotomous; l. squarrose, recurved ovate-oblong keeled, nerve excurrent into a long scabrous hair point from the acute apex, margin slightly recurved; caps. sub-cylindrical slightly curved; quite one-half perist. tubular; lid long conical: dioicous.

Walls and roofs. III. IV.

173. T. LÆVIPILA. Brid. Cæspitose; l. spreading obovate-oblong or almost panduriform, margin slightly recurved below, nerve reddish, excurrent into a longish white hair point from the obtuse apex; caps. cylindrical, slightly curved, lid conical; one-third perist. tubular: monoicous.

Trunks of trees and rocks. V. VI.

174. T. INTERMEDIA. Brid. (_T. ruralis_ β _minor_, Wils. Bry. Brit.) Smaller and densely cæspitose or sub-pulvinate; l. erecto-patent, oblong spathulate apex obtuse, nerve excurrent into a long scabrous hair point; caps. shorter than in 172: dioicous.

Limestone walls, Scotland and N. Wales. Spring.

175. T. PAPILLOSA. Wils. Cæspitose; l. spreading obovate concave, margin plane (involute when dry), nerve thick papillose on the back, and excurrent into a smooth hair point from suddenly tapering apex; a few hyaline cells at base: fr. not known.

Wales, Sussex, and Hampshire.

176. T. LATIFOLIA. B. & S. L. obovate-spathulate or almost panduriform, soft and flaccid, with a scarcely excurrent nerve, notched at the obtuse apex; caps. cylindrical slightly curved, with a long rostrate lid; quite one-third of perist. tubular; annulus small: dioicous.

Roots of trees, stones, &c.; fruit rare. Spring.

177. T. SUBULATA. Brid. Cæspitose, simple or branched; l. oblong-lanceolate, narrowed and pellucid at base, margin plane, sometimes with a row of larger cells, nerve excurrent into a short mucro, apex sometimes slightly toothed; caps. very long cylindrical curved with a short lid; half peristome tubular: monoicous.

Sandy hedge banks, walls, &c. V. VI.

SECT. V. TORTUOSÆ. L. strongly twisted and cirrhate when dry.

178. T. TORTUOSA. W. & M. St. ½–3in. tufted; l. very long linear-lanceolate, crowded flexuose, margin plane and undulated, with an excurrent nerve; per. l. narrow and tapering cirrhate; caps. straight or incurved, erect or inclined, ovate-oblong, on a longish seta: dioicous.

Limestone rocks, Derbyshire. VII.

179. T. HIBERNICA. Mitt. St. 2in. branched; l. at apices of branches sub-comose and stellate; base dilated and clasping above, thence patent or patenti-divergent, straight, rarely incurved or recurved, channelled, cirrhate when dry; ovate-lanceolate below, thence lineal-subulate, acute, nerve yellow continued to apex. (loc. cit. p. 329.)

Mountains near Dunkerran, common, but always sterile. (Dr. Taylor.)

180. T. NITIDA. Lindb. 1864. (_Trichost. diffractum_, Mitt. 1868.) Dioicous, densely pulvinate: stem rigid branched; l. crowded erecto-patent, arcuate when dry, more or less elongate, oblong, obtuse, channelled, margin plane slightly undulate, nerve terete prominent on back, excurrent; areolation minute, loose and cuneiform at base; fr. not known. (l. c. IX., 294.)

Clifton, Torquay, Plymouth.

181. T. SINUOSA. Mitt. Jour. of Bot. V., 327. (_Dicranella_, Wils. MS.; _Trichostomum_, Lindb.) Densely cæspitose, fuscous below, l. long linear-lanceolate or subulate patent from a very short pellucid base, margin slightly recurved below, above denticulate, nerve continued into a thick obscure blunt point, often broken off; basilar cells all oblong and rectangular; fr. not known.

Shady places at roots of trees, Sussex, Cornwall, Bangor.

182. T. FRAGILIS. Wils. (_Trichostomum_, Müll. Syn.) Stem erect simple or dichotomously branched, radiculose tomentose at base; l. crowded lanceolate-subulate, nerve excurrent, margins plane; areolæ minute, large and hyaline at base; caps. erect, ovate-oblong, regular or slightly incurved; lid conical with a long oblique beak; fruit rare. (l. c. IX., 294.)

Clefts of rocks and on the ground. Ben Lawers.

Summer.

183. T. SQUARROSA. De Not. St. 1in. cæspitose; l. squarrose, lanceolate, recurved, with a broad sheathing base, margin undulate, with large diaphanous cells, somewhat serrulate at apex; nerve scarcely excurrent; capsule sub-cylindrical, narrow, slightly curved; lid conical, half as long as capsule; seta 1in. long: dioicous.

Chalk. Ireland and S. of England; fr. not known in this country.

28. CINCLIDOTUS. B. & S.

[C. RIPARIUS. Walker Arnott. Acrocarpous; branches fasciculate; “l. spreading oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, with thickened margins, very shortly mucronate, nerve excurrent; caps. exserted on a short thick pedicel, elliptic-oblong; lid obliquely conico-rostrate; perist. with numerous subdivisions.”] Bry. Brit. 138.

Not found in Britain, but IV.

var. β. _terrestris_ has been frequently found, and is now referred to _Tortula mucronata_, to which refer.

184. C. FONTINALOIDES. P. Beauv. Cladocarpous; st. 2–5in., in long straggling tufts, generally floating; l. crowded, spreading, flexuose, lanceolate, acute, with a thickened margin and strong excurrent nerve; per. l. larger sheathing ovate-lanceolate, thinner; cap. immersed, with a conical beaked lid; calyp. persistent, thick, split on one side.

Stones in rivulets, &c. III. IV.

29. ENCALYPTA. Schreb.

_a._ Monoicous.

1. Peristome wanting.

185. E. COMMUTATA. N. & H. Stems about 1in. branched radiculose; l. squarrose, from an erect ovate base lanceolate, concave, acute, nerve excurrent; caps. smooth cylindrical, with a long beaked lid; calyp. jagged but not fringed at base.

Alpine summits. Scotland. VII. VIII.

2. Peristome single.

186. E. VULGARIS. Hedw. St. about ½in. branched, radiculose; l. spreading, elliptic-lanceolate, oblong, acute or obtuse, nerve sometimes excurrent; margin plane; caps. smooth cylindrical; base of calyptra entire; perist. very fugacious.

Limestone walls, rocks, &c. III. IV.

var. β. perist. none, leaves apiculate (common).

γ. perist. none, l. obtuse and concave at apex.

δ. perist. none, l. obtuse; caps. oblique.

ε. perist. none, l. piliferous.

187. E. CILIATA. Hedw. St. about ½in. radiculose; l. oblong-ovate, margin recurved below, and toothed near apex; gradually tapering to a point formed by the excurrent nerve, undulate; caps. cylindrical, smooth; perist. persistent; calyptra fringed at base.

Sub-alpine rocks. VI. VII.

188. E. RHABDOCARPA. Schw. St. ½–1in. radiculose; l. spreading, erect and crisped when dry, oblong-lanceolate, nerve generally more or less excurrent into a mucro, margins plane; caps. oblong-cylindrical, striate, ribbed when dry; perist. persistent; calyp. slightly toothed at base, and roughish at apex.

Mountains in Scotland and Ireland. VII. VIII.

_b._ Dioicous: perist. double.

189. E. STREPTOCARPA. Hedw. St. 1–2in. radiculose; l. sub-erect, ligulate, obtuse and cucullate at apex, nerve not excurrent; per. l. lanceolate-subulate from an ovate base; caps. oblong narrowed above, spirally striate, and twisted when dry; perist. outer teeth filiform, inner cilia; calyp. toothed or fringed at base, and roughened at apex.

Limestone and mortared walls; rare in fr. VIII.

30. HEDWIGIA. Ehr.

190. H. CILIATA. Hedw. Monoicous; dichotomously branched, rooting at base only; l. crowded, spreading, sometimes secund, ovate-lanceolate, concave, margin recurved below, apex diaphanous, prolonged to a blunt point and strongly toothed on each side; per. l. with apex laciniate; caps. immersed globose; lid convex with a short beak; calyp. conical, sometimes hairy.

Rocks in mountainous districts. N. Wales, Arthur’s Seat, &c. III.

Bry. Brit, gives as varieties—

β. _leucophæa._ l. more crowded and spreading, wider and with longer diaphanous points.

γ. _secunda._ procumbent slender; l. more distant, secund, sub-muticous.

δ. _viridis._ l. scarcely secund; spreading, deep green, scarcely diaphanous at apex.

ε. _striata._ l. plicate much recurved; lid conical.

31. HEDWIGIDIUM. B. & S.

191. H. IMBERBE. B. & S. St. 1–3in. irregularly, not dichotomously branched, flagelliferous; l. ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, imbricate when dry, margin recurved, apex not diaphanous, but slightly crenate; caps. exserted on a short seta, spherical or obovate; lid with a blunt slightly oblique beak; calyptra cucullate, reddish.

Rocks. Wales and Ireland. X. XI.

32. GRIMMIA. EHR. B. & S.

SECT. I. SCHISTIDIUM. Caps. smooth, immersed on a very short straight seta, calyptra small, cleft at base into several lobes.

192. G. CONFERTUM. B. & S. Cæspitose; intense green above, blackish below; l. ovate-lanceolate, tapering in the upper ones to a short hair point; margins slightly recurved and thickened, nerve strong, deeply channelled on its upper side; caps. small ovate, with a rostellate lid, almost pellucid; per. teeth much perforated, pale or orange-red.

Rocks, Scotland. II. III.

β. _urceolare._ caps. urceolate; leaves with white points.

γ. _obtusifolium._ l. all obtuse, shorter and broader.

δ. _incana._ (_G. pruinosa._ Wils. MS.) more robust, per. l. broader with long hair points; caps. more elongate, per. teeth stronger, nearly entire red. [Dr. Braithwaite, Jour. Bot., N. S., vol. I., 195.] Trap rocks. King’s Park (Greville); Arthur’s Seat, Edinburgh (Bell); Fife (Howie).

193. G. APOCARPUM. B. & S. Loosely cæspitose; l. spreading lanceolate acuminate from an ovate erect base, upper ones with white points, margins much recurved; nerve ceasing below apex; per. l. larger with a thinner nerve; caps. elliptical, not pellucid, with an oblique beaked lid; per. teeth dark red; calyptra divided at base.

Rocks and walls, sometimes on trees. XI.–III.

var. β. _gracile._ per. l. secund, others sub-secund or spreading, stem decumbent elongated.

γ. _rivulare._ st. fasciculate, l. ovate-lanceolate dark green obtuse; caps. turbinate. (By streams.)

δ. _strictum._ l. reddish brown, rigid.

194. G. MARITIMUM. B. & S. Cæspitose, dull green or brownish; l. rigid, not hair-pointed, straight lanceolate acuminate, keeled; nerve strong, reddish brown, excurrent, margin plane; caps. obovate with a rostellate lid; per. teeth large and perforate.

Rocks near the sea. Scotland. XI. XII.

SECT. II. GASTERO-GRIMMIA. Plants very short pulvinate; caps. slightly emerging, ventricose on one side, on a short curved seta; calyptra five-lobed or cucullate.

195. G. ANODON. B. & S. In small hoary cushions; l. lower minute loosely imbricate, ovate-lanceolate muticous, upper larger, broadly oblong-lanceolate concave, nerve excurrent into long serrated hair; basal cells elongate pellucid, above quadrate opaque; caps. immersed, oval gymnostomous, strongly ventricose; lid plano-convex: monoicous.

Walls and dry limestone rocks. Arthur’s Seat (Bell).

196. G. CRINITA. Brid. In loose flat silky tufts; l. imbricate, lowest lanceolate, muticous, upper obovate-oblong channelled, the broad diaphanous apex continued into a long hair, nerve not reaching apex; basal cells elongate diaphanous, upper large rounded thickened; caps. ovate, lightly striate, sub-cernuous, furrowed when dry; lid convex with an obtuse point; cal. dimidiate, two-lobed: monoicous. [Dr. Braithwaite, Jour. Bot. N. S., vol. I., 195.]

Mortar of old walls and limestone rocks. Near Hatton, Warwick, 1872 (J. Bagnall).

SECT. III. EU-GRIMMIA. L. ending in a hair point; caps. plicate, exserted on a curved seta; cal. multifid at base, or with a single cleft at side.

197. G. ORBICULARIS. B. & S. Densely pulvinate; l. oblong-lanceolate, rounded obtuse at apex, with nerve excurrent into a long hair point, basal cellules large; caps. almost spherical drooping on a curved yellowish seta, slightly striate; lid small convex; annulus narrow; per. teeth trifid, more distantly barred than the next; calyptra dimidiate: monoicous.

Limestone rocks. II. III.

198. G. PULVINATA. Sm. Densely pulvinate; st. ½–1in. l. elliptic lanceolate, margin recurved, apex rather obtuse, terminated by the nerve excurrent into a long hair point; caps. drooping reddish brown, ovoid, eight-furrowed; lid convex with a straight beak; calyptra lobed at base; per. teeth dark red bi-trifid, annulus large: monoicous.

Rocks and walls. III. IV.

β. _obtusa._ lid short obtuse; caps. shorter.

199. G. SCHULTZII. Brid. L. crowded, sub-secund, lanceolate, tapering into a long rough diaphanous point, margins recurved; caps. slightly obovate, furrowed, on a very short curved seta; annulus large; per. teeth long tapering, deeply bifid; monoicous.

Sub-alpine rocks. E. S. W. IV. V.

200. G. SUBSQUARROSA. Wils. MS. Dr. F. B. White. Bot. Soc. Edin. Trans, IX., 142. In lax dark green tufts, fuscous at base; st. ⅓–¾in. with dichotomous short curved branches; l. patent squarrose, erect and appressed when dry, lowest from an ovate base gradually lanceolate, muticous, upper longer and extended into a long denticulate hair point, nerve strong, margin recurved; basal cells quadrate hyaline, marginal narrow and elongate, above minute rounded quadrate. Fr. not known. [Dr. Braithwaite, l. c., p. 196.]

Rocks. Kinnoul Hill, Perth (Dr. B. White); Moncrieff Hill (Dr. Stirton); Arthur’s Seat and Braid Hills, &c.

201. G. ROBUSTA. Fergusson MS. In large loose tufts, black below, dark green and hoary above; br. fastigiate; l. erecto-patent, appressed when dry, keeled at back with the strong nerve, margin recurved below; lower short muticous, lanceolate from a contracted ovate base, upper longer, gradually tapering into a long smooth hair point; cells quadrate thickened, at centre of base longer, with a single row at margin of basal wing hyaline. [Dr. Braithwaite, l. c. p. 196.]

Alpine rocks. Clova (Fergusson); Fairhead, Ireland, (Dr. Moore); Cardross and Bowling (Dr. Stirton); Ross-shire (Hunt).

202. G. CONTORTA. Wahl. In small deep green soft tufts, black below and radiculose; l. patent incurved, curled when dry, lineal subulate from a lanceolate base, with short diaphanous hair points, keeled, margin recurved below: basal cells diaphanous elongate hexagono-rectangular, above sinuous and quadrate; per. l. erect sheathing; caps. small oval smooth yellowish, cernuous on a sub-arcuate seta, erect when dry, lid convex conical obtuse orange-red: dioicous. [Dr. Braithwaite, l. c. p. 197; Schp. Syn. 210.]

Quartz rocks. Cheviots (Hardy); Cloch-na-ben (Sim); Glen Callater, &c. (Fergusson).

203. G. TORQUATA. Grev. (_G. torta._ N. & H. Bry. Brit.) Loosely tufted elongate; st. 1–2in. dichotomous; l. lanceolate acuminate, spirally twisted when dry, channelled, occasionally hair-pointed; fruct. not known.

Alpine rocks. E. I. S.

204. G. FUNALIS. Schwgn. (_G. spiralis._ H. & T. Bry. Brit.) Densely pulvinate; st. ½–1in. slender; l. oblong or ovate-lanceolate, erecto-patent, upper ones tapering into a long hair point, nerve not excurrent; caps. ovoid, smooth, eight-furrowed when dry; lid short apiculate; annulus large compound; calyp. five-lobed at base; per. teeth closely bifid: dioicous.

Dry alpine rocks. E. S. I. X. XI.

205. G. MUHLENBECKII. Schpr. Loosely pulvinate and cæspitose; st. tall erect or procumbent dichotomous and rooting at base; l. densely crowded, patulous, erect when dry, elongate-lanceolate, keeled with the strong nerve, margin plane, lower with a short, upper with a long, rough hair point with recurved teeth; basal cells elongate, upper rounded quadrate; caps. small oval glossy, rugulose when dry yellowish brown, lid convex with a short beak, red. [Dr. Braithwaite, l. c., p. 197. Schp. Syn. p. 212.] VII.

206. G. TRICHOPHYLLA. Grev. Loose yellowish green tufts, ¼–1in. l. linear-lanceolate from an erect base, flexuose, tapering into a long diaphanous point, margin recurved at base, nerve not excurrent; caps. ovate-oblong, furrowed when dry, lid with a long straight beak; annulus larger; per. teeth bifid; calyp. lobed: dioicous.

Walls. E. S. I. IV. V.

207. G. HARTMANNII. Schp. Loosely cæspitose, green above, black below; st. elongate procumbent rigid, arcuate ascending, dichotomous; l. elongate-lanceolate; upper ones secund, prolonged into a short smooth hair point, somewhat concave, margin more or less recurved; basal cells sinuouso-rectangular hyaline, above quadrate opaque; fruit not known. [Dr. Braithwaite, l. c. p. 197. Sch. Syn. 214.]

Shaded quartzose rocks. Wales and Scotland.

208. G. ELATIOR. B. & S. Robust, loosely cæspitose; fuscous green, hoary at top; st. sparingly branched elongate, from decumbent naked base ascending; l. very long curved patent, from oblong carinato-concave base longly lanceolate, margin revolute, ending in a long smoothish hair point; basal cells linear-rectangular, wider towards margin, above rounded opaque; caps. ovate ten-ribbed, when dry oblong deeply furrowed; lid conical muticous or sub-aciculate: dioicous. [Bry. Eur. III. Dr. Braithwaite, l. c. 197.]

Granite rocks. Clova, 1868 (Fergusson).

SECT. IV. GUEMBELLIA. L. not curling, generally piliferous; caps. smooth on a straight seta; cal. multifid at base or cucullate.

209. G. DONNIANA. Sm. Stems ¼–½in. tufted, l. erecto-patent, lanceolate elongate narrow, tapering into a roughened hair point, margin plane; per. l. longer; caps. erect oval-oblong, slightly exserted, pale yellowish brown, lid obtuse conical; annulus small; per. teeth broad, sometimes perforate: monoicous.

Mountain rocks and walls. E. S. W. III. IV. X.

var. β. _sudetica._ l. with longer hair points; caps. immersed; lid conico-acuminate.

γ. _elongata._ l. scarcely hair-pointed, caps. on a longish seta.