Part 10

457. H. (EURYNCHIUM) CRASSINERVIUM. Tayl. St. creeping, branches erect; l. spreading ovate, sharply pointed serrate concave, margin reflexed, nerve thick, reaching more than half way, sometimes forked: caps. elliptic-oblong small curved, cernuous; lid large, with a very long slender oblique beak; dioicous.

Shady limestone rocks. XI.

458. H. (EURYNCHIUM) PILIFERUM. Vaill. St. 2–3in. slender, procumbent, branched; l. imbricate erecto-patent, elliptical serrulate, suddenly contracted into a long serrulate, almost piliferous point, concave, nerved half way; caps. oblong cernuous, slightly arcuate, lid with a long beak.

Shady banks and woods. Fr. rare. XI.

459. H. (EURYNCHIUM) CIRRHOSUM. Schwg. Stems erect or procumbent, with a few erect branches; l. imbricate elliptic, more oblong than the last (of which it may be only a variety, though very different in many points), entire except the long narrow points, which are serrulate and suddenly geniculate or reflexed where the point joins the blade; concave, nerved half way. Never been found in fruit.

Summit of Ben Lawers, 1823 (Dr. Arnott).

_b._ _Prælongæ._ l. opaque, scarcely sulcate, areolæ almost as broad as long; seta rough.

* Synoicous.

460. H. (EURYNCHIUM) SPECIOSUM. Brid. St. creeping, with short erect, almost complanate branches; l. ovate serrulate, nerved almost to acute apex, bright green; caps. ovate or obovate, cernuous; lid with a long pointed beak.

Stones near springs, sometimes in water. XII.

* * Dioicous.

461. H. (EURYNCHIUM) PRŒLONGUM. Dill. St. long, arched or procumbent, often bipinnate, branches slender; l. squarrose recurved, broadly cordate, and suddenly tapering to a long point, amplexicaul, nerve carried nearly to base of point; br. l. lanceolate acuminate, all serrate: per. l. nerveless; caps. small oval-oblong, obliquely cernuous; lid with a long tapering slender beak.

Moist shady banks. XI.

462. H. (EURYNCHIUM) HIANS. Hedw. Sp. Musc. 272. t. 70. L. roundish ovate, spreading, areolæ large. [Mueller Syn. II., 447.]

Sussex (Mr. Mitten).

463. H. (EURYNCHIUM) PUMILUM. Wils. St. creeping, filiform; br. slender, sub-pinnate sub-complanate; l. minute ovate, shortly pointed, spreading sub-serrulate, faintly nerved half way; per. l. smaller, recurved; caps. short roundish ovate, cernuous; lid rather large, with an oblique beak.

Shady rocks and hedge banks. E. S. I. XI.

464. H. (EURYNCHIUM) STOKESII. Turn. St. densely cæspitose, branches ascending, simple below, above densely pinnate and bipinnate; st. l. distant, acutely cordate, shortly acuminate, and triquetrous, recurved; br. l. ovate-lanceolate, erecto-patent, all thinly nerved, and serrate; caps. oblong ventricose horizontal, olive-coloured; lid with a long straight subulate beak from a conical base. (Syn. 562. Bry. Eur. V. 526.)

Stones and rocks in woods, &c.

Autumn.

465. H. (EURYNCHIUM) SWARTZII. Turn. St. creeping, with short erect branches; l. uniform, ovate not acuminate, serrate, nerved more than half way; caps. roundish ovate, cernuous, reddish brown; lid with a long oblique beak.

Moist banks and rocks; frequent. XI.

_Sub-genus_ VII. HYOCOMIUM. St. prostrate; l. broadly obcordate, with a long apiculus, decurrent, shortly two-nerved; areolæ, above flexuoso-linear, middle narrowly rectangular, angles broadly hexagonal or rectangular; caps. on a thick seta, oval, turgid, cernuous; lid mammillate.

466. H. (HYOCOMIUM) FLAGELLARE. Dicks. St. 1in. or more, arched pinnate; br. sub-fasciculate, recurved; st. l. squarrose, broadly cordate acuminate, slightly striate; br. l. less spreading, sub-secund, roundish ovate, less acuminate; all sharply serrate and mostly two-nerved at base, or nerveless; per. l. almost erect, much narrower; caps. ovate-oblong, curved, cernuous, on a rough seta: dioicous.

Moist shady rocks by cascades, &c. X. XI.

_Sub-genus_ VIII. RHYNCHOSTEGIUM. Plants low cæspitose, with scattered branches; l. soft, shining, nerveless or simply nerved; areolæ elongate, narrowly hexagono-rhomboid; caps. horizontal cernuous; lid with a subulate beak.

_a._ _Demissæ._ St. prostrate, l. complanate, oblong-lanceolate, nerveless, entire; caps. thin walled; seta smooth: monoicous.

467. H. (RHYNCHOSTEGIUM) DEMISSUM. Wils. St. filiform; br. short slender: l. elliptic-lanceolate, acute, sub-secund above, margin reflexed; caps. small, narrowly elliptical, horizontal cernuous; lid obliquely rostrate.

Shady mountainous rocks. VII. VIII.

_b._ _Tenellæ._ st. creeping; l. narrowly lanceolate, caps. solid walled, seta rough or smooth: monoicous.

468. H. (RHYNCHOSTEGIUM) TENELLUM. Dicks. St. and br. very short creeping; l. erecto-patent, narrowly lanceolate acuminate, almost setaceous, light green, entire, nerved more than half way; caps. ovate cernuous, on a smooth seta; lid beaked.

Walls and rocks, principally limestone. X.

469. H. (RHYNCHOSTEGIUM) TEESDALII. Sm. St. slender, creeping; br. erect; l. sub-complanate, narrowly lanceolate, rigid, slightly serrulate near apex, broadly nerved nearly to apex; caps. ovate cernuous, on a rough seta; lid almost as large as caps., beaked.

Moist shady rocks near waterfalls. III.—VI.

_c._ _Depressæ._ Pl. low cæspitose soft; l. broadly oblong, thinly nerved; seta smooth.

* Dioicous.

470. H. (RHYNCHOSTEGIUM) DEPRESSUM. Bruch. St. prostrate pinnate; br. thickest in middle—both very short; l. complanate crowded ovate-oblong, slightly concave and finely serrulate, shortly two-nerved; caps. ovate, curved, cernuous; lid as long as caps. and long beaked.

Rocks and stones, especially limestone. Spring.

Caergwrle, N. Wales, Oct., 1871, in fruit (C. L. Higgins.)

* * Monoicous.

471. H. (RHYNCHOSTEGIUM) CONFERTUM. Dicks. St. creeping sub-pinnate; br. erect; l. slightly secund or complanate, ovate-acuminate concave serrulate, thinly nerved quite or more than half way; caps. ovate-oblong cernuous; lid short, with a very long curved beak.

Rocks, walls, trees, &c., frequent. X.

472. H. (RHYNCHOSTEGIUM) MEGAPOLITANUM. Bland. Much larger than the last, and remotely branched; st. l. remote, br. l. crowded; lower oblong-lanceolate, the others more or less sharply acuminate from a broad ovate base, slightly serrulate, nerved more than half way; caps. oblong cylindrical incurved, arcuate when dry; lid with a short thick beak. [Schp. Syn. 469, Bry. Eur. v. t. 511.]

Sandy shores. Southport, Dublin, Sussex. Spring.

473. H. (RHYNCHOSTEGIUM) MURALE. Dill. St. short, creeping, with erect crowded branches; l. closely imbricate, roundish ovate, concave, faintly serrulate, cucullate at apex, which is slightly mucronate, not acuminate, nerved half way; caps. ovate, somewhat cernuous; lid flattish, with a long beak.

Walls, &c., chiefly limestone. X.

474. H. (RHYNCHOSTEGIUM) RUSCIFOLIUM. Dill. St. creeping, with long irregular procumbent branches; l. complanate and sub-secund, ovate, with a cordate base, serrate, stoutly nerved nearly to apex; caps. shortly ovate cernuous; lid convex, with a very long beak.

Rocks and stones in rivulets, frequent. XI.

_Sub-genus_ IX. THAMNIUM. Dendroid from a creeping rhizome; l. sub-complanate, nerved, areolæ minute, quadrate or rhomboid at apex, narrowly oblong at base; caps. short and sub-arcuate with the seta, turgidly ovate, lid with a long beak; inner perist. with long appendiculate cilia.

475. H. (THAMNIUM) ALOPECURUM. Dill. St. 2–3in. naked below, pinnately branched above; l. spreading ovate-lanceolate, somewhat concave, serrate, strongly nerved nearly to apex; caps. shortly ovate, cernuous or erect, lid with a long oblique beak: dioicous.

Moist woods, rocks, &c. XI.

_Sub-genus_ X. PLAGIOTHECIUM. St. generally prostrate, or partially erect, branched; l. complanate or secund, thin, silky, nerveless or shortly two-nerved; areolæ long hexagono-rhomboid; caps. sub-erect or cernuous, more or less incurved; lid convexo-conical or rostrate; per. teeth pale thin, internal a membrane with narrowish processes; cilia none or obscure.

A. Per. teeth distantly articulate, without cilia: dioicous.

476. H. (PLAGIOTHECIUM) LATEBRICOLA. Bry. Eur. (_Leskea_, Bry. Brit.) St. short, slender, sparsely branched, sub-erect; l. sub-secund ovate-lanceolate, tapering acute, entire, slightly concave, decurrent, faintly two-nerved; margin recurved; caps. elliptic-oblong, turbinate when dry; lid short, acutely conical.

Moist shady woods, decaying trunks, and ferns. Winter.

B. Per. teeth densely articulate, internal with entire ciliary processes.

_a._ Monoicous.

477. H. (PLAGIOTHECIUM) PULCHELLUM. Dicks. St. short densely tufted, sub-erect, br. fastigiate; l. crowded, secund, lanceolate, gradually tapering from base to apex, entire, generally nerveless; caps. oblong, sub-erect, curved; lid conical, scarcely beaked.

Mountainous shady rocks, &c. VI.—X.

478. H. (PLAGIOTHECIUM) MUHLENBECKII. B. &. S. St. short, tufted, sub-erect, with recurved fasciculate branches; l. complanate, spreading, deltoid-ovate or sub-cordate, tapering, dark green, finely serrulate, nerveless, or shortly two-nerved; caps. oblong, slightly inclined, tapering below, striate when dry; lid short conical.

Alpine rocks. S. I. VII.

479. H. (PLAGIOTHECIUM) SILESIACUM. Seliger. St. and branches procumbent, the latter arcuate; l. secund, mostly pointing upwards, ovate-lanceolate, longer tapering than the last, concave, distinctly serrulate, slightly and shortly two-nerved; caps. long sub-cylindrical, not striate when dry, curved, cernuous; lid conical pointed.

Stems of decaying trees, rocks, &c. IV. V.

Kent; Yorkshire.

480. H. (PLAGIOTHECIUM) DENTICULATUM. Dill. St. prostrate, with sub-fasciculate branches; l. complanate, obliquely ovate pointed, sometimes sub-serrulate at apex, margin recurved below, shortly two-nerved; caps. oblong, sub-erect; lid acutely conical.

Sub-alpine woods, banks, wet rocks, &c. Summer.

var. β. _obtusifolium._ l. elliptical, more or less obtuse, slightly concave. Alpine rocks.

γ. _succulentum._ l. with almost plane margins: synoicous. Todmorden, Warrington.

_b._ Dioicous.

481. H. (PLAGIOTHECIUM) ELEGANS. Hook. St. prostrate, br. distichous, fasciculate or pinnate; l. complanate, ovate-lanceolate, tapering to a slender serrulate point, sometimes oblique, nerveless, or faintly two-nerved; caps. small ovate elliptical, curved, more or less pendulous; lid conical, shortly beaked.

Shady banks and rocks, usually barren. III. IV.

var. β. _collinum._ “st. erect tufted; l. sub-secund.”

482. H. (PLAGIOTHECIUM) SYLVATICUM. Dill. St. longer, about 1 inch, decumbent branched; l. sub-complanate, sometimes sub-secund, ovate-lanceolate, not acuminate, entire, distinctly two-nerved nearly half way; caps. cylindrical, curved, inclined, or horizontal; lid long, shortly beaked.

Roots of trees in woods, &c. IX.

483. H. (PLAGIOTHECIUM) UNDULATUM. Dill. St. and br. procumbent, 2in. or more; l. complanate, ovate, acute, not acuminate, entire, undulate, faintly two-nerved, whitish green; caps. cylindrical, tapering at base, cernuous or horizontal, striate when dry, lid with a short beak.

Woods and moist places. IV.—VII.

_Sub-genus_ XI. AMBLYSTEGIUM. Plants small prostrate, sparingly branched; l. soft, generally opaque, simply nerved, rarely nerveless; areolæ hexagono-rhomboidal parenchymatous, or tubular prosenchymatous; caps. sub-erect or incurvo-cernuous, oval and sub-arcuate cylindrical, opaque, on a smooth seta; lid large, tumidly conical, obtuse; internal perist. generally integrate, cilia more or less perfect, rarely none.

1. L. opaque, areolæ all parenchymatous.

_a._ Dioicous.

484. H. (AMBLYSTEGIUM) SPRUCEI. Bruch. St. short, slender, with few branches; l. distant narrowly ovate-lanceolate, long pointed, margin almost entire, concave, nerveless; per. l. larger, with longer points, distinctly serrulate at apex; caps. erect elliptical, turbinate when dry, mouth wide; lid long conical pointed. [_Leskea._ Bry. Brit.]

Shady sub-alpine rocks, rare. Spring (?)

Teesdale, Todmorden.

485. H. (AMBLYSTEGIUM) ATROVIRENS. Dicks. St. prostrate, irregularly branched, the latter slightly incurved, rigid, sub-erect; l. imbricate, somewhat secund, ovate-lanceolate, with long tapering points, margin recurved below, sub-serrulate above; thickly nerved almost to apex; “caps. sub-cylindrical short curved and sub-cernuous, lid conical.”

Alpine rocks, &c., rare in fruit. Scotland. Spring.

_b._ Monoicous.

486. H. (AMBLYSTEGIUM) CONFERVOIDES. B. & S. St. creeping, very slender, sub-pinnate, sparingly branched; br. capilliform; l. scattered sub-secund, more or less spreading, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, entire, nerveless; per. l. longer, erect; caps. cernuous, oval-oblong, slightly incurved, pale brown, semi-pellucid; lid convex, obliquely apiculate; annulus small deciduous.

Stones in shady places, limestone. Summer.

Dovedale (Dr. Fraser, 1866); Westmoreland.

487. H. (AMBLYSTEGIUM) SERPENS. Dill. St. creeping, sub-pinnate, with slender sub-erect branches; l. spreading, ovate-lanceolate, tapering into long points, entire, faintly nerved half way, or sometimes nearly to apex: caps. oblong, cylindrical or obovate, curved, cernuous, reddish at mouth; lid conical acute.

Walls, moist banks, trees, &c., common. IV. V.

488. H. (AMBLYSTEGIUM) RADICALE. P. Beauv. St. creeping, with sub-erect rigid branches; l. spreading, ovate-lanceolate from a cordate or deltoid base, twice as large as last, and strongly nerved almost to the long tapering apex; per. l. larger serrate; seta long (sometimes 2in.); caps. oblong, much curved, cernuous, not red at mouth; lid conical, with a short sharp beak.

Moist ground amongst grass. Wales. IV. V.

489. H. (AMBLYSTEGIUM) IRRIGUUM. Hook. St. procumbent rigid, sometimes pinnate; l. spreading, secund, gradually tapering to a point from a deltoid-ovate somewhat decurrent base, sub-serrulate, strongly nerved nearly to apex; caps. oblong, cernuous, curved, when dry more so, and contracted at mouth; annulus persistent; lid conical, blunt-pointed.

Stones in rivulets and streams. IV.

490. H. (AMBLYSTEGIUM) FLUVIATILE. Swartz. St. procumbent, with simple, prostrate, not rigid branches; l. ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, entire, concave, strongly nerved almost to apex; caps. slender, elliptical, elongate, sub-erect, only slightly curved; lid conical.

Rocks and stones in mountain streams. V. VI.

2. L. areolæ narrow, rhomboido-hexagonal, prosenchymatous at base only, rectangulo–6–gonal.

491. H. (AMBLYSTEGIUM) RIPARIUM. Dill. St. longer, creeping, with sub-pinnate sub-erect branches; l. spreading, sub-complanate, ovate-lanceolate entire, nerved two-thirds or more; caps. oblong-cylindrical curved, cernuous, contracted at mouth when dry; lid conical pointed.

Stones, &c., near pools, sometimes in water. V. VI.

_Sub-genus_ XII. _eu_-HYPNUM. St. erect or procumbent, sometimes radiculose and pinnate; l. patent, squarrose, or falcato-secund, nerve various or none; areolæ narrowly linear,, often dilated, and transparent at base; caps. incurved cernuous on a smooth seta; lid convexo-conical, mammillate, rarely rostrate; perist. perfect.

_Sect. I._ Branches straggling or sub-pinnate; l. squarrose-divaricate or stellate and patent.

_a._ Monoicous.

492. H. HALLEKI. L. Jun. St. creeping, with pinnate erect branches; l. crowded lanceolate, recurved from a roundish ovate base, acuminate, serrulate, almost squarrose, faintly two-nerved at base or nerveless; caps. oblong curved cernuous; lid conical, blunt.

Alpine rocks, rare. VIII.

493. H. POLYMORPHUM. Hedw. “St. procumbent, branches simple, erect, slender; l. spreading, almost squarrose, sub-secund, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, entire, nerveless; caps. oblong, curved, cernuous, lid conical.” [Bry. Brit.]

Limestone walls, banks and rocks. V.

_b._ Dioicous.

494. H. ELODES. Spruce. St. elongate, slender, with sub-pinnate slender sub-erect branches: l. distant, spreading; br. l. lanceolate-subulate, apex almost setaceous, secund; st. l. wider, less secund; all entire, nerved nearly or quite to apex: caps. cylindrical curved cernuous; lid conical.

Wet places and bogs. IV. V.

[Wilson states the leaves to be sub-denticulate at _base only_, whilst his figure is evidently _serrulate_ above and entire at base. I can find no indications of denticulation, even under a ¼inch, except perhaps an occasional slight protrusion of an odd cell here and there, but this cannot be called even denticulate.]

495. H. CHRYSOPHYLLUM. Brid. St. creeping pinnate; l. almost squarrose sub-second, from a cordate-ovate base, tapering into long setaceous points, entire, nerved more than half way, rarely absent; areolæ not enlarged or diaphanous at base; caps. large cylindrical, curved, cernuous; lid conical.

Fallow ground, chalk hills, &c. V.—IX.

496. H. STELLATUM. Dill. St. 1–2in. erect, densely tufted: branches irregular or sub-pinnate, cuspidate; l. squarrose, recurved, rather suddenly tapering into a long point from a deltoid-ovate base, with a few large diaphanous cells at basal angles, nerveless, entire; caps. oblong curved cernuous; lid convex pointed.

Marshes and bogs. V. VI.

_c._ Polygamous.

497. H. POLYGAMUM. Bry. Eur. St. 1in. or more, procumbent, sub-pinnate; l. spreading, almost squarrose, ovate-lanceolate, tapering into shorter points than last two, entire, nerved about half way, areolæ larger at base; caps. oblong, sub-cernuous, or almost erect; lid conical pointed.

Wet swampy places. V.

var. β. _stagnation._ “st. longer, sub-erect, more pinnate; l. with a longer nerve; seta longer, often 3in. or more.”

_Sect. II._ St. pinnately branched; l. falcato-secund, nerve single, areolæ linear.

_a._ Dioicous.

† Stems and branches strongly hooked at apex.

498. H. ADUNCUM. Dill. L.[1] (_H. exannulatum_, Gümb.) St. 2–4in. erect, sub-pinnate; br. short, simple, few; l. crowded, narrow, falcato-secund, lanceolate acuminate, striate, faintly sub-serrulate near the base; nerved nearly to apex; basal cells larger and inflated, gradually passing into the long narrower ones above; capsule sub-cylindrical, curved, cernuous, on a seta 1in. long or more.

Footnote 1:

This name has been wrongly given to some half-dozen different species; but I am informed by Dr. Braithwaite (in lit. 29, Mch. 1872), that he has recently consulted the original specimen of Dillenius on which Linnæus founded the species, and from his examination the synonymy of this group must be altered as above. The diagnoses of this and the next four species are from his pen; the name _aduncum_ should be retained as being older than _exannulatum_.

Marshes and marshy heaths. IV. V.

499. H. KNEIFFII. B. & S. (_H. aduncum_, Hedw. Stirpes, IV., t. 24, and Schp.) St. 2–6in. long, erect, sub-pinnate; l. falcato-secund, somewhat distant, lanceolate acuminate, occasionally faintly sub-serrulate near the base, thinly nerved two-thirds the length, not striate, basal angles decurrent excavate, of lax sub-quadrate cells, those above elongate rectangular; caps. cylindrical oblong arcuate, broadly annulate.

Swamps and marshes. VI.

500. H. SENDTNERI. Schpr. (_H. aduncum_, ε _hamatum_ and ζ _giganteum_, Bry. Eur.) St. 3–6in. simple, pinnate; l. falcato-secund, broadly oblong-lanceolate, hooked above, distinctly auricled at sub-decurrent angles, glossy, lightly sulcate only when dry, nerve vanishing below apex; basal cells rectangular, hyaline, yellowish, at angles brownish-yellow lax; caps. ovate-oblong, erect at base, arcuate.

Bogs. Scotland, and near Birmingham.

var. β. _Wilsoni._ St. very tall, sometimes 1ft., yellow green, with slender, nearly simple branches; l. larger, with a filiform acumen, auricles very small.

501. H. VERNICOSUM. Lindb. 1861. (_H. pellucidum_, Wils. MS.; _H. aduncum_, var. _tenue_, Bry. Brit.) St. erect, rather rigid, pinnate; l. shorter falcato-secund, the apical ones involute, ovate, oblong-lanceolate, distinctly sulcate, neither auricled nor decurrent, very glossy, yellow green, nerve vanishing far below apex; cells very narrow, vermicular, purplish at base; caps. oblong cernuous, arcuate.

Wybunbury Bog, Cheshire.

502. H. INTERMEDIUM. Lindb. (_H. Cossoni_, Schpr.) In habit like _H. Sendtneri_, var. β. St. elongate, flexuoso-erect, interruptedly pinnate; branches very unequal; l. falcato-secund, ovate-oblong, becoming lanceolate, not furrowed, with minute decurrent auricles, nerve vanishing far below apex; cells very narrow vermicular opaque; outer per. l. squarrose; fr. as in _Sendtneri_.

Bogs, frequent.

† † Brandies and stems scarcely hooked.

503. H. LYCOPODIOIDES. Neck. St. about 2in. erect, sub-pinnate, rather rigid; l. falcato-secund, ovate-acuminute, tapering to an acute point, but not apiculate, concave, entire, nerved nearly to apex, not striate; caps. oblong cernuous, lid conical.

Bogs and marshes: fr. rare. V.

var. β. _falcatum._ l. more crowded, more falcate, nerve stronger. Near Copgrove, Yorkshire.

_b._ Monoicous.

504. H. FLUITANS. Dill. St. 6–12in. erect or floating, pinnate, slender; branches short deflexed; l. falcato-secund, lanceolate, tapering from an ovate base, acuminate, slightly serrulate near apex, thinly nerved more than half way, areolæ enlarged at base; caps. small oblong curved sub-cernuous, on a very long seta; lid conical, acute.

Marshes, bogs, &c. IV. V.

505. H. REVOLVENS. Swartz. St. 2–4in. erect or procumbent, sub-pinnate; l. crowded circinnate falcate, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, concave, serrulate near apex, deep red or purplish; nerve stronger, more than half way; areolæ not enlarged at base; caps. oblong cernuous, on a shorter seta; lid conical acute.

Bogs and marshes. IV. V.

506. H. UNCINATUM. Hall. St. about 2in. slender, erect or procumbent, sub-pinnate; l. circinnate secund, very narrow, lanceolate, setaceous from a broader base, plicate, serrulate, nerved nearly to apex; caps. cylindrical, curved, cernuous, lid conical.

Sub-alpine walls and rocks. V. VI.

_Sect. III._ St. regularly pinnate, radiculose, tomentose; l. thickly nerved, opaque; caps. sub-arcuate.

507. H. COMMUTATUM. Dill. St. 4in. or more, procumbent; br. about ½in.—both more or less uncinate; radicles brownish; l. circinnate, secund, tapering to a slender long point from an ovate base, plicate, twisted when dry, finely serrulate, nerved more than half way, areolæ narrow; caps. large oblong, lid conical: dioicous.

Wet shady places. IV.

508. H. SULCATUM. Schpr. Loosely cæspitose; st. rigid, without radicles, sub-pinnate; l. partly broadly elongate-lanceolate, partly sharply lanceolate from broadly ovate base, all reflexed hamulose; nerve strong. [Schp. Syn. 699.]

Mountainous places. Ben Lawers, July, 1865 (G. E. Hunt.)

509. H. FALCATUM. Brid. (_H. commutatum_ var. _condensatum_, Bry. Brit.) St. 2–3in. cæspitose, erect, sparingly branched; l. as in _commutatum_, but less circinnate and more rigid, undulate, nerved nearly to apex; capsule small, curved cernuous. [Bry. Eur. VI., 607. Schp. Syn., 613.]

Sub-alpine places and bogs. V. VI.

510. H. FILICINUM. Dill. St. 2–4in. sub-erect, slender, pinnate, with purplish radicles; l. spreading, falcato-secund, st. l. deltoid-ovate, tapering; br. l. ovate-lanceolate—all serrulate, scarcely twisted when dry, nerved to or beyond apex; areolæ oval, rather large, larger rhomboid and pellucid at base; caps. oblong curved, cernuous, lid conical acute: dioicous.

Marshes, wet rocks. IV.

var. β. _vallisclausæ._ Brid. l. sub-secund, nerve very strong and excurrent. Ormeshead; Derbyshire.