c. Ignorance of market and the accepted methods of trade:

1. Market demands.

2. Transportation problems.

3. Tariff administrations.

d. Long term credits.

e. Lack of organization to secure the trade.

9. Methods for improvement.

10. The Webb-Pomerene Act.

11. Effects of the European war of 1914; construction of the Panama Canal.

12. Increase of American business interests in Hispanic America.

Readings: _Atlas America Latina_; Verrill, _South and Central American Trade Conditions of Today_, 168-179; U. S. Sen. Doc. No. 737, 60th Cong., 2d Sess., (Fisher, _Ethnography and Commercial Importance of Latin America and the West Indies_); House Doc., No. 154, 59 Cong., 2d Sess.; Aughinbaugh, _Selling Latin America_; Babson, _The Future of South America_; Bonsal, _The American Mediterranean_; Chandler, _Inter-American Acquaintances_; Hough, _Practical Exporting_; Shepherd, 168-179; ----, _Our South American Trade_ (Pol. Science Quart., Dec., 1909); Filsinger, _Exporting to Latin America_; Savay, _The Science of Foreign Trade_; Pepper, _American Foreign Trade_; Cooper, _Understanding South America_; Wilson, _South America as an Export Field_, (Sp. Agt. Ser. No. 81, 1914, Dept. of Com.); South American Supplement, London _Times_; U. S. consular reports; reports of the Department of Commerce and Labor (now Department of Commerce).

=Chapter XII. Hispanic America and the World War.=

1. Economic and political influences of the war.

2. Hispanic-American products necessary in the prosecution of the war.

3. Efforts to secure sympathy for one or the other group of belligerents; policies of neutrality; cultural factors in the situation: Germany as a menace.

4. Improvement in the financial situation; development of Pan Americanism: the financial congresses.

5. Growth of anti-German sentiment in certain countries; Ruy Barbosa's indictment of Germany; the Luxburg and Zimmermann dispatches.

6. Effect of the entrance of the United States into the war.

7. Hispanic America in the war:

a. Nations which declared war: Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama.

b. Nations which severed relations with Germany: Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, Santo Domingo, Uruguay.