CHAPTER XII.

JOHN. 1199-1216.

1. The Accession of John. 1199 173

2. John's First War with Philip II. 1199-1200 173

3. John's Misconduct in Poitou 1200-1201 174

4. The Loss of Normandy and Anjou. 1202-1204 174

5. Causes of Philip's Success 176

6. The Election of Stephen Langton to the Archbishopric of Canterbury. 1205 176

7. Innocent III. and Stephen Langton. 1206 177

8. John's Quarrel with the Church. 1206-1208 178

9. England under an Interdict. 1208 178

10. John Excommunicated. 1209 178

11. The Pope threatens John with Deposition. 1212-1213 179

12. John's Submission. 1213 180

13. The Resistance of the Barons and Clergy. 1213 180

14. The Battle of Bouvines. 1214 181

15. The Struggle between John and the Barons. 1214-1215 181

16. Magna Carta. 1215 182

17. War between John and the Barons. 1215-1216 184

18. Conflict between Louis and John. 1216 184