Part 10

Incidentally, they seem to me to prove that the proper reading of the tablet is to begin at the top of the two right-hand columns, read them together downward (as Thomas suggested), then the next two to the left in a similar manner; but the last two on the left, those headed by the great _pax_, should be read from below upward. This differs from any scheme yet proposed, but alone corresponds with the natural sequences of the groups of glyphs. The terminal (upper left) glyph shows the _pax_ surmounted by the _xihuitl_ and this by the “trinal” signs. The student of the preceding pages will not be at a loss to explain their purport.

I have already referred (above, p. 54) to the singular “bas-reliefs of Chiapas.” They are covered with elaborate designs carved in low relief on the argillaceous slate of which they consist. Nearly all have hieroglyphics of a decorative Mayan character. For the sake of comparison I add Fig. 81, a tracing of the four glyphs which are placed in front of the tapir on the “tapir tablet.”

The interesting group, Fig. 82, is the most complete example of the ancient writing I know of, from the region of the Zotzils. The original, formerly in the possession of Don Secundino Orantes, in the city of Chiapas, measures 26 by 17 inches. The front is badly injured, but the back well preserved. We find in this cartouche of twenty glyphs enough familiar forms to convince us of the identity of the graphic method. _Pax_, _chuen_, the iguana, etc., are soon recognized. The copy was made by the late Dr. C. H. Berendt.

Toniná is about 80 miles south of Palenque and near Ococingo, whence Mr. Squier obtained the amulet bearing the neat inscription shown in Fig. 83. The original is now in the American Museum of Natural History, New York City.

The beautiful inscription, Fig. 84, hitherto unpublished, is on a burial vase from the Quiche district of Guatemala, near Huehuetenango. It is not only the longest and most perfect example known of Quiche palæography, but it is also the most extensive inscription I have seen on pottery from any part of the Mayan territory. The original, a vase of high artistic merit, is in the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania. Again we see familiar signs, the _imix_, the _pax_, the numerals, the bean subfix, etc.

* * * * *

The limits which I have prescribed for this work do not permit me to add further comparisons in Mayan palæography. Fortunately, the student can find ready access to abundant examples. The inscriptions of Copan and Quiriguá, of Chichen Itza, and Palenque, are or will be represented with admirable fidelity in Mr. Maudslay’s work already referred to; others from Tikal have been made accessible by the labors of Berendt, Charnay and de Rosny; and we are justified in believing that before many years the intelligent explorations of competent archæologists will add hundreds of texts from the relics in stone, clay, and wood which still exist to attest the character of ancient Mayan literature.

* * * * *

The most urgent duty resting upon the present generation of students interested in this subject is to collect and accurately reproduce as many of these texts as possible, before they are destroyed or lost. Extended comparisons will ultimately reveal their meaning, as will readily be seen from the advances in that direction chronicled in the preceding pages.

Footnote 148:

See Cogolludo: _Historia de Yucatan_, Tom. I, p. 317.

Footnote 149:

This inscription, painted on stucco, was copied by H. F. Becker and printed in the _Archives de la Société Américaine de France_. See de Rosny, _L’Interpretation des anciens Textes_ Mayas, p. 12., note (Paris, 1875).

Footnote 150:

Another example is in the Thompson collection, and a third, somewhat similar, also from a vase from Yucatan (now in Berlin), has been published by Dr. Schellhas, _Internat. Archiv. für Ethnographie_, 1890 (p. 3 of his separatum).

I. INDEX-VOCABULARY OF MAYA WORDS.

(T. _signifies the Tzental dialect_.)

_ac_, a tortoise, or turtle, 35, 74

_acan_, mead, 42

_ac ek_, a constellation, 35

_aghan_, T., young ear of maize, 62

_ahau_, ruler, lord, 41; a day name, 115

_ahau can_, rattlesnake, 68, 75

_ahau can mai_, chief priest, 68

_ahau katun_, 22

_ahau tzab can_, the rattlesnake, 75

_ah-caluac_, the staff bearer, the mayordomo, 52

_ah-ch’om_, a vulture, 73

_ah-chun can_, high priest, 68

_ah-coy-can_, v. p. 110, note

_ah-cunal than_, word-conjurer, 68

_ah-kin_, priest, 68

_ah-kin-mai_, chief priest, 68

_ah koh-keuel_, a masked priest, 69

_ahlo_, the macaw, 73

_ah-mac ik_, wind conjurer, 68

_ah-poou_, the milky way, 35

_ah-pul_, a conjurer, 68

_ah-uai-chac_, rain conjurer, 68

_ah-uai xibalba_, conjurer of departed souls, 68

_ah-zahcab_, Venus, 34

_akbal_, night, darkness, 56; a day name, 116

_alau_ (64,000,000), 19

_anhel_, to stand erect, 46

_bacab_, 40

_bac-baquetic_, a numeral, 19

_balam_, the jaguar, 72

_bak_, four hundred, 19

_bat_, an axe; hail, 104

_batab_, a chief, 104

_batul_, to fight, 104

_be_, footprints, 88

_be che_, a bridge, 113

_ben_, or _been_, a day name, 91, 113

_ben-ik_, a graphic sign, 90, 123

_bolon_, nine, 25

_bolon paxche_, a large drum, 92

_budz ek_, a comet, 35

_bul_, a bean; all, the whole, 89

_bulcabal_, a destruction, 46

_caan_, the sky, 52

_cab_, down, downward, etc., 60, 99, 114

_caban_, a day name, 114

_cac_, to pull out, 86

_calab_ (160,000), 19

_calacal_, perforated, 52

_caluac_, the “staff of office,” 52, 128, 130

_camach_, a jaw bone, 85

_canan_, a sentinel, guardian, 34

_canan chulchan_, Venus, 34

_canzicnal_, serpent being, 41

_cauac_, a day name, 115

_cayob_, T., a drum, 93

_ceh_, a deer; a month name, 119

_chaam_, the (molar) teeth, 43

_chac_, red, strong; water, etc., 34, 40, 109

_chac ek_, Venus, 34

_chacal ik_, strong wind, 40

_cham_, a jaw bone, 85

_chamal dzutan_, shooting stars, 35

_che_, tree, wood, 45

_chebel_, to paint; a paint brush, 42

_chel_, the rainbow, 40

_ch’en_, a month name; a well, 118

_chi_, to bite, 89; a mouth, 112

_chibil kin_, a solar eclipse, 36

_chibil u_, a lunar eclipse, 36

_chicchan_, a day name, 111

_chich_, strong, powerful, swift, hard, 96

_chich kuch_, to twist thread, 96

_chimal_, shield, 34

_chimal ek_, the north star, 34

_chimal ik_, the north wind, 34

_chimil_, a medicine bag, 128

_chinax_, T., a knife, 89

_chu_, a calabash, 112

_chuen_, a day name, 23, 112

_chulchan_, the sky or heavens, 34

_chun_, the first, the beginning, 23, 113

_ci_, to trickle, 114

_cib_, a day name, 114

_cicil_, a knife, 84

_cimi_, a day name, 111

_coz_, an owl, 73

_cuceb_, a squirrel, 109

_cucul_, covered; revolving, 56, 109

_culinte_, T., a drum of wood, 93

_cum_, a vase, 41, 48

_cum ku_, a month name, 121

_cun_, to conjure, 44

_cuzaan_, or _cuzam_, a swallow, 42

_dzacab_, a generation, 25

_dzacah_, to heal by magic rites, 93

_dzacatan_, a medicine drum, 93

_dzicnial_, 39

_dzip_, to skin animals, 42

_dziz_, coolness, cold, 42

_eb_, a day name, 113

_eb-che_, a ladder, 77

_ebtun_, a stone stairway, 113

_ebzah_, to sharpen, 113

_ek_, star; black, 34; dyewood, fat, 109

_ek chuh_, scorpion, 67

_ezanab_, a day name, 114

_ghan_, T., maize, 62

_haycabal_, a destruction, 46

_hobnil_, hollow; the belly, 40

_hozan_, disembowelled, 41

_hub_, a snail, 75

_hun_, one, 25

_hunab_, only, sole, 37

_hunbalan u_, the moon in conjunction, 36

_ibach_, an armadillo, 72

_ical_, or _ic_, T., black, 67

_ich_, an eye; a face; twins, 84

_ik_, wind, breath, life, soul, etc., 50, 115

_ik_, a day name, 91, 115

_ikomne_, a comet, 35

_imix_, a day name, 115

_itz_, fluid, 52

_ix_, feminine prefix, 40

_ix-bouat_, a prophetess, 68

_ix chel_, the rainbow, 40

_ix-cunal than_, a conjuress, 68

_ix kan leom_, a spider-web, 40

_ix kin_, priestess, 68

_ix nuc_, old woman, 43

_kaax_, a knot; a harvest-field, 41

_kab_, a hand, arm, finger, juice, sap, tears, 83

_kaba_, a name, 83

_kabil_, his hand, 38

_kak_, fire, 42, 120

_kak mo_, a bird, 39

_kal_, twenty, 19

_kan_, money, food, etc., 109

_kan kin_, a month name, 120

_katun_, 11, 22, 28

_kax_ or _kaax_, a knot, 91

_kax pol_, the tress of the hair, 91

_kaxala_, to rain; the rain, 91

_kayab_, a month name, 120

_kin katun_, 28

_kin_, }

_kinal_, } see p. 87

_kinam_, }

_kinchil_ (3,200,000), 19

_kin ich_ (deriv.), 39

_koh_, a mask, 69

_ku_, a god; divine, 37

_kuch_, a vulture, 46, 73

_kul_, divine, 95

_kukum_, a feather, 95

_kup_, to sacrifice, to cut, 69

_lakin chan_ (deriv.), 38

_lamat_, a day name, 111

_licil dzicil_, a knife, 89

_lilābal_, a sprinkler, 104

_lom_, a lance, 43

_lum_, the earth, 48

_maax_, a monkey, 72

_mac_, to extinguish; a cover; a turtle; a month name, 119

_mach_, to grasp, 83

_mai_ or _maay_, dust, smoke, fume, 25, 68

_mam_, a numeral, 19; grandfather, 128

_manik_, a day name, 39, 111

_matzab_, antennæ, rays, 98

_mechun_, a numeral, 19

_mehen ek_, a constellation, 35

_men_, a day name, 114

_miatz_, a scholar, 25

_moan_, see muan

_mol_, a month name, 118

_molay ik_, a hurricane, 112

_moo_, the macaw, 73

_moxic_, T., a day name, 39

_muan_, a falcon, cloudy, 74; also, a month name, 120

_muc_, to cover, to bury, 61

_much_, a frog, 75

_mucul canan_, Venus, 34

_mucul mam_, a numeral, 19

_mucul u_, the waning moon, 61

_muluc_, a day name, 111

_muyal_, clouds, 48, 52, 74

_muyan_, see muan

_nak caan_, the sky, 99

_na_, a house, 37

_nen_, a mirror, 105

_noh_, great, strong; right hand, 34

_noh ek_, great star, 34

_nohnial_, 39

_nuc_, old, 43

_nech_, provisions, 42

_oc_, to enter; a day name, 112

_ol_, the soul or spirit, 48

_oxlahun_, thirteen, 25

_paakal_, to frighten, 44

_pacat_, face, 44

_pax_, a musical instrument, 92; a month name, 120

_paxan_, completed, finished, 92, 125, 129

_pax che_, a wooden drum, 92

_pec_, to rattle, to thunder, 63, 71

_pec chac_, thunder, 63

_pechhec hol_, flat-headed, 62

_pek_, a dog, 71

_pic_, eight thousand, 19

_picit_, a fan, 105

_pixan_, the soul, 25

_pocam_, a cleansing, 55

_pop_, a mat; a month name, 116

_ppeta_, to perform religious rites; to cry with pain, 69

_ppua_, dew, 42

_pputum_, small, 43

_ppuz_, bent over, 43

_puch_, to spoil, to undo, to destroy, 44

_puhaa_, to blow forth water from the mouth, 98

_puy_, a shell, 19

_ta_, a knife; excrement, 89

_tah_, a dramatic representation, 89

_tab_, cord, twenty 19, 42

_tamacaz_, the milky way, 35

_tan kukul_, before the gods, 44

_tankul_, a drum, 93

_tem_, an altar of stone, 48

_tixl_ (Cak.), the tapir, 55

_tub_, to spit, 42

_tun_, a stone, a jewel, 42

_tunkul_, see _tankul_

_tup_, to stop up, to extinguish; also, ear-rings, 85, 120

_tupul u uich kin_, a solar eclipse, 36

_tzab_, rattles of the rattlesnake; the Pleiades, 35, 63

_tza ec_, a comet, 35

_tzapa_, short, 43

_tzec_, a scorpion; a month name, 117

_tzekel_, a death’s head, 117

_tzimin_, the tapir, 55

_tzotzceh_ (3,200,000), 19

_tzuc_, a five-day period, 28

_U_, the moon.; a necklace; his; 36, 86, 87

_ua_ or _ual_, a dot, 97; a fan, 105

_uac_, six, 43

_ual_, month, 118

_u nupptanba_, the moon in opposition, 36

_uil_, food; advantageous, 86

_uinal_, month; twenty, 87

_uinic_, a man, 43, 87

_uo_, a frog, 75; a month name, 116

_uooh_, a book; a letter, 116

_ut_, a snail, 75

_xamach_, a platter, 58

_xaman_, north, 34

_xaman ek_, the north star, 34

_xanab xux_, a bee, 60

_xel_, a comb, etc., 86

_xicin_, an ear; a shell, 85

_xik_, wing of a bird, 84

_xikal_, a queen, 84

_xiix_, bran, husks of grain, 97

_xoc_, to sing, to chant, 42

_xoc_, the breech clout, 91

_xul_, a planting stick, 105; to end; a month name, 117

_xulab_, an ant, 36

_xulub_, horns, 118

_xux_, a wasp, 60

_xux ek_, Venus, 60

_yax_, green; blue; fresh; strong; virile; early, 95; a month name, 119

_yax che_, green tree, 45, 48

_yax kin_, a month name, 118, 129

_yax kukul_, a feather ornament, 95

_yé_, to appear, to show oneself, 43

_yetal_, and, 100

_yum_, father, ruler, 41

_zac_, white, east, v. pp. 109, 110; a month name, 119

_zacal_, to weave, 109

_zacan_, bread, 109

_zac ik_, east wind, 41

_zac nohol ik_, southeast wind, 41

_zac xaman ik_, northeast wind, 41

_zac zini_, white being, 41

_zaztal ek_, Venus, 34

_zec_, a month name, 117

_zin_, to stretch out, 75

_zinaan_, a scorpion, 75

_zinaan ek_, a constellation, 75

_zinil_, the earth, 75

_zip_, a month name, 117

_zipik kin_, the sunset, 117

_zodz_, a bat; a month name, 117

_zuhuy_, a virgin, 42

II. INDEX OF AUTHORS.

Aguilar, 26, 45

Allen, H., 86, 95, 103, 119, etc.

Baeza, P., 93

Becker, H. F., 137

Beltran de Santa Rosa, 44

Berendt, C. H., 48, 74, 93, 110, 138

Boas, F., 62

Boban, E., 104

Brasseur, Abbé, 13, 14, 15, 23, 51, 83, 86, 90, 112, etc.

Carrillo, C., 62

Charencey, H. de, 12

Charnay, D., 11, 143

Chavero, A., 54, 79, 97, 109

Chilan Balam, Books of, 46, 47, 109

Clarke, W. P., 83

Cresson, H. T., 13, 15

Cogolludo, P., 39, 47, 51

Culin, S., 24

Cushing, F. H., 48

Dieseldorff, E. P., 104

Dupaix, C., 95

Duran, D., 66, 92

Fewkes, J. W., 41, 55, 57, 70

Förstemann, E. W., 12, 13, 18, 29, 33, 74, etc.

Hernandez, P. R., 37

Herrera, A., 39

Holden, E. S., 11, 13

Kingsborough, Lord, 12, 95

Landa, D. de, 14, 26, 35, 39, 43, 54, 68, 104, 116

Lara, D., 60, 93

Las Casas, B., 37

Leon, M., 26

Lizana, P., 37

Mallery, G., 83, 99

Maudslay, A. P., 11, 12, 21, 23, 102, 136

Motul, Dicc., 37

Nuñez, de la Vega, 25, 39, 62, 67, 68, 113

Nuttall, Z., 26, 32, 105

Orantes, S., 138

Parry, F., 50

Peet, S. D., 101

Peñafiel, A., 97

Perrin, P., 12

Pineda, E., 113

Pineda, V., 19

Pio Perez, 41, 119

Plongeon, Dr. Le, 11, 15, 95

Popol Vuh, 48, 50, 61

Pousse, A., 12, 21, 31, 79, 80, 101

Putnam, F. W., 11

Rada y Delgado, J. D., 14

Rau, C., 13

Rochefoucauld, F. A., 16

Rosny, L. de, 12, 14, 85, 115, 137

Saville, M. H., 92

Schellhas, P., 12, 43, 50, 51, 62, 71, 81, 121, 136, etc.

Schrader, Dr., 26

Schultz-Sellack, Dr., 41

Seler, E., 10, 25, 32, 43, 44, 45, 71, 83, 86, 124, etc.

Squier, E. G., 141

Stephens, J. L., 11

Stone, W., 72

Thomas, C., 13, 16, 24, 29, 32, 34, 50, 51, 76, 86, 128, etc.

Thompson, E. C., 136

Valentini, F., 86

Waldeck, F., 54

Ximenes, F., 50, 96

III. GENERAL INDEX.

Acan, 42

Acat, 43

Ah chuy kak, 44 cun can, 44 dziz, 42 kak nech, 42 kin xoc, 42 ppua, 42 puch, 44, 64

Ahulane, 44

Ah zakik ual, 42

Alphabets, of Landa, 14; of other writers, 15–17

Anum, the first man, 46

Armadillo, the, 72

Aspersorium, the, 105, 123

Atlatl, the, 105

Bacabs, the, 40

Baptism, native, 76

Baton of office, 52, 128, 130

Bean symbol, 89, 121, 122 sign, 89

Beards, on images, 39, 57

Bee god, the, 59–61, 98

Bells, as ornaments, 64, 83

Ben, or Been, myths of, 113

_Ben-ik_ sign, 91, 123

Birds, figures of, 72

Bissextile years, 26

Black gods, 66, 124

Calendar signs, 22 systems, 26–29

Canopies, 96

Canzicnal, 41

Cardinal points, the, 40, 41, 108

Centeotl, 62

Ceremonial circuit, the, 41

Chac mool, 95

Chacs, the, 40

Chamay bac, 44

Chiapas, 37, 138

Chichen Itza, 38

Chilan Balam, Books of, 14, 19

Cit bolon tun, 42

Cloud balls, 98

Codices, the, 11; as time-counts, 18

Colors, symbolism of, 40, 41 signs for, 109

Comb sign, 86

Comets, 35

Conjurers, 68

Constellation band, the, 106

Copan, inscriptions, 21, 107, 136

Cork-screw curl, 98

Cosmic sign, the, 24, 50

Cosmogony of Mayas, 46

Cross hatching, 24, 96

Cross, Tablet of, 62, 137

Crotalean curve, 102

Cuculcan, 38, 49, 55–57, 61

Cum ahau, 41

Days, hieroglyphs of, 109

Death, god of, 44, 64, 121 signs for, 84, 97

Deers, 72, 119

Directive signs, 88, 108

Dogs, figures of, 71, 129 signs for, 89, 95, 112, 125 as food animals, 90

Dots, their meanings, 97

Drum signs, 91. See _pax_

Dwarfs, 43

Ear rings, 85

Earth-goddess, the, 61, 64, 91, 95, 100

Eclipses, 36

Ek ahau, 66, 67 chua, 42, 66, 67

Epochs of the Universe, 46

Evening Star, the, 61, 64

Evil, gods of, 43

Eye, signs for, 83–85

Falcon, the crested, 74

Fans, 104, 105

Feather balls, 95 signs, 84, 94

Female divinities, 40–44

Fish, 90

“Fish and oyster” sign, 89

Flatheads, 62

Flint-knife, the, 88, 109

Folk-lore of Yucatan, 43

Food offerings, the, 90 sign for, 86

Frog, the, 75

Gemini, 35

Ghanan, 62, 123

Gukumatz, 38, 61

Hand, the, as deity, 38 the closing, 102 signs for, 82

Hex chun chan, 44

Hobnil, 40

Holy water, 104

House, signs for, 88

Hozan ek, 41

Huastecan, 10

Hunab ku, 37

Hun ahau, 44 pic tok, 44

Ical ahau, 67, 124

Iguana, the, 90, 122

Ikonomatic writing, 13, 82, 97

“Initial series” of glyphs, 24, 92, 93, 136

Itzamna, 37, 51–55, 101, 122, 124

Ix chebel yax, 42 chel, 40, 64 hun yé, 43 hun yeta, 43 kan leom, 40 nuc, 43 tabai, 42 tub tun, 42

Jade, jewels of, 88

Jaguar, the, 72, 126

Jupiter, planet, 106

Kabah, inscription of, 52, 135

Kabil, 38, 51

Kak u pacat, 44

“Keys” to the hieroglyphs, 16, 17

Kin ich, 39, 57, 123, 124 ahau Itzamna, 40

_Kin_ sign, the, 88

Knife signs, 88, 109

Knives, sacrificial, 89

Knots, 100

Labna, 136

Lakin chan, 38, 51

Life, symbol of, 49, 115 tree of, 49, 53, 59, 62, 101, 128

Lightning, symbols, 71, 74, 89, 104

Lorillard City, 29

Lunar years, 26

Macaw, the, 73

Machete, the, 102

Maize god, the, 62, 123

Mam, the god, 128

Man, the first, 46 signs for, 86, 97

Mars, planet, 106

Masks, use of, 54, 55

Mayan, meaning of, 10

Medicine drum, 93 rattle, 104 bag, 128

Menche, 29

Mercury, planet, 106

Metals, use of, 104

Mexican writing, 10, 79

Mimosa, the, 105

Mirrors, 104, 105

Mitna, 44

Mixcoatl, 39

Milky Way, the, 35

_Moan_ bird, the 74, 125

Money, the native, 110

Monkey, the, 72

Monograms of gods, 121

Months, signs for, 88

Moon, words for, 36 signs for, 87

Mother Earth, sign for, 91, 95, 100

Mugeres, Isla de, 42

Nagualism, 98

Necklace, sign for, 86

North Star, the, 34, 57–59

Numbers, sacred and symbolic, 24, 25

Ococingo, 139

Orion, 35

Owl, the, 73

Pakoc, 44

Palæography, Mayan, 127

Palenque inscriptions, 13, 16, 21, 54, 62, 95, 136, 137

Pelican, the, 74

Phallic emblems, 24, 90, 95

Picture writing, 98

Pleiades, the, 35, 63

Pole star, the, 57–59

Pottery decoration, 58, 122

Ppiz lim tec, 42

Priesthood, the, 68

Pucugh, 44

Quetzal bird, 73

Quetzalcoatl, 39

Quiches, 44, 140

Quirigua, 21

Rainbow goddess, 40

Rain signs, 91–94 symbols, 72, 74, 75

Rattlesnake, the, 75

Rays, signs for, 98

Rebus writing, 13

Rhetorical use of numbers, 24

Rubrication of codices, 79

Sacred numbers, 25

Sastanquiqui, ruins of, 106

Saturn, planet, 106

Scorpion symbol, 67, 75, 117

Serpent eye, the, 84 goddess, the, 63, 124 gods, 38, 124, 128 the feathered, 38, 56, 57 wand, 103

Shells, symbolism of, 19, 90

Shield, the heavenly, 107 star, the, 58

Shields, designs on, 95

Shooting stars, 35

Smoke, sign for, 97

Solstice, symbol of, 74

Souls, fate of, 44

“Spectacles” sign, 85

Speech, sign for, 97, 98

Spider-web goddess, 40

Sun god, the, 39, 57, 123 signs, 87

Tableau des Bacabs, 48, 64

Tancucula, 44

Tapir, the, 54, 138

Tel cuzaan, 42

Terrestrial Paradise, 46

Textile signs, 96

Thirteen, as symbolic, 25

Thunder, personified, 63

Tikal, 29

Time, symbols of, 76, 127, 128

Tlaloc, 51, 55

Tomahawk, the, 104

_Tonalamatl_, the, 27, 29, 31

Tongue, piercing, 76

Toniná, 139

Tree of life, 48, 53, 59, 62, 101, 128

“Trinal” emblem, 95, 136

Turkey, the, 74, 90

Turtle, the, 74, 119, 126

Tzental dialect, 19, 35, 113

Tzentals, 37, 38, 113

Uac lom chaam, 43

Underworld, the, 44

Union, signs for, 100

Venus, the planet, 33, 34, 106 sign for, 88, 106

Vigesimal system, 18

Vultures, 73, 125

War, gods of, 44, 65, 123

Water deities, 40, 41

Wind cross, the, 115, 116

World-sign, the, 129

Writing, direction of, 79

Xabalba, 44

Xaman ek, the North Star, 57

Xibilba, 44

Xipe, 66

_Xiuhmolpilli_, the, 31

Xnuc, see Ix nuc

Xmucane, 49, 50, 61, 63, 112, 125

Xoc bitum, 42

Xpiyacoc, 61

Xux Ek, Venus, 60

Yax coc ah-mut, 38

Yellow, sign for, 88

Yucatan, 9, 37, 42, etc.

Yum chac, 41 cimil, 44 kaax, 41

Zac chamay Bac, 44

Zac zini, 41

Zotzils, 12, 138

Zuhuy dzip, 42

Zuhuy kak, 42

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

1. Changed “plainly visibly” to “plainly visible” on p. 43. 2. Changed “presented Fig. 30” to “presented in Fig. 30” on p. 83. 3. Changed “Fig. No. 2” to “Fig. 42 No. 2” on p. 93. 4. Changed “ths divinity; No. 7, fromi” to “this divinity; No. 7, from” on p. 122. 5. “_Dicc. Motul_” is frequently referred to as “_Dic. Motul_”. Did not change. 6. Silently corrected typographical errors. 7. Retained anachronistic and non-standard spellings as printed. 8. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_.