A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition
CHAPTER II
SOLAR OBSERVATIONS AND THEORIES
Black Openings in Spots--Carrington's Observations--Rotation of the Sun--Kirchhoff's Theory of the Solar Constitution--Faye's Views--Solar Photography--Kew Observations--Spectroscopic Method--Cyclonic Theory of Sun-spots--Volcanic Hypothesis--A Solar Outburst--Sun-spot Periodicity--Planetary Influence--Structure of the Photosphere 143