Chapter 103

defeated, 498.

Anti-Federalists, organisation of, i. 38; in majority, 38; elect gov., 1789, 44; also, 1792, 56; defeated, 1795, 65; 1798, 82; become known as Republicans, 80.

"Anti-Jackson," "Anti-Mortgage," "Anti-Regency" factions unite as Whigs, i. 399.

Anti-Masons, bolted Thompson in 1828, i. 363; nominated Granger, 363; substituted Southwick, 364; ticket defeated, 368; issues of, broadened, 376; nominated Granger, 1830, 376; defeat of, 377; nominated Wirt for President, 1832, 392; in accord with National Republicans, 392; nominated Granger, 1832, 393; electoral ticket of, 393; reason for defeat, 396; party dissolved, 398; become Whigs, 399.

Anti-Masonry, becomes political, i. 360; excitement, 360; confined to western half of state, 360; Van Buren on, 365; semi-religious, 370; sudden reaction, 398; popularity of Free-Masonry, 398.

Anti-Nebraska convention, ii. 194; prominent men present, 194; reassembles, 201; forerunner of Republican party, 194.

Anti-Rent party, organisation of, ii. 82-3; contest over constitutional convention, 97; support Young for gov., 118-9; influence of, 1848, 139.

Anti-Tammany organisations, 1871, iii. 268; names and strength, 268, note; unwilling to accept Kelly, 299.

Apollo Hall, organisation of, iii. 308; combination with, rejected by Tam., 308; accepted by Reps., 308.

Arbitrary arrests, opposition to, iii. 19, 20, 47, 58.

"Aristides," _nom de plume_ of William P. Van Ness, i. 123-6.

Armstrong, Cornelius W., nominated for canal com., 1865, iii. 129; defeated, 135.

Armstrong, John, author of Newburgh Letters, i. 89; opposes Alien-Sedition laws, 89; brother-in-law of Chancellor Livingston, 116; elected to U.S. Senate, 116; resigned, 118; minister to France, 150; opposes Clinton, 204; changed views, 204; Tompkins jealous of, 216; character and career of, 216; sec. of war, 216, 222; Spencer, a friend of, 216; plan of Canada campaign, 222; failure of, 223; puts Wilkinson in command, 223; plans again fail, 224-5; promotes Brown and Scott, 225; resigns in disgrace, 227; Madison's dislike of, 238.

Arthur, Chester A., early career and character, iii. 399-402; becomes collector of port, 1871, 399; his successor appointed, 1877, 399; reasons for, 399, 402; successor defeated, 404-5; President suspends him, 1878, 406; reason for, 406, 408; his defence, 408; successor confirmed, 409; name suggested for Vice-President, 1880, 444; will not listen to Conkling's objection, 444; Conkling refuses to present name to Nat. con., 444; Woodford presents it, 444; nominated on first ballot, 445; people's reception of nomination, 445; Sherman indignant, 445, note; Mrs. Blaine's opinion of, 446; career a study of evolution of character, 446; supports Crowley for U.S. Senate, 1881, 465; tries to compromise Robertson's appointment, 1881, 472; becomes President, 1881, 485; confidence expressed in, 485; appointments favourably received, 486; defeats Cornell's renomination, 1882, 493; disastrous result, 498.

Assembly, Provincial, refuses to approve proceedings of Congress, i. 4.

Assembly, State, original membership of, i. 9; election of, 9; how apportioned, 9; powers of, 9; elected by, 9.

Astor, John Jacob, approves books of Tammany's city comptroller, 1870, iii. 245.

Astor, William B., contribution to fusion ticket, ii. 332.

Auburn, gloom over Seward's defeat, ii. 290-1, note.

Babcock, George R., declines nomination for state comp., 1875, iii. 325.

Bacon, Ezekiel, in constitutional convention, 1846, ii. 103.

Bacon, Theodore, joins Lib. Rep. movement, iii. 284; attends its Nat. con., 284; denounces Fenton's scheme, 284.

Bacon, William J., congressman from Oneida district, iii. 385; supports President Hayes, 385; speech for, 385.

Bailey, B. Prentiss, Utica _Observer_, a leading Dem. editor, iii. 420.

Bailey, Theodorus, urged for appointment, i. 121; Clinton's agent, 152; elected to U.S. Senate, 156.

Balcom, Ransom, reputation as a judge, iii. 166; aspires to U.S. Senate, 1865, 166.

Ballard, Horatio, nominated for sec. of state, 1861, iii. 23, note; elected, 29.

Baltimore convention, 1860, ii. 294-303; Seymour strengthened, 294; New York in control, 294, note; seceding delegations wish to return, 295; bitter debate, 296-7; New York admits contestants, 300; states secede, 300; Soule's speech, 300-1; Douglas nominated, 302; Fitzpatrick nominated for Vice-President, 302; Johnson substituted, 302.

Baltimore Union Convention, 1864, iii. 93-5; its platform and nominees, 94.

Banks, Republicans opposed to, i. 186; Hamilton secures charters, 186; clever trick of Burr, 187; State Bank of Albany, 187; Merchants' Bank of New York, 189; Bank of America, 191; charter granted, 197.

Bank of Albany, incorporation of, i. 186.

Bank of America of New York, incorporation of, i. 191; inducements for, 191.

Bank of Columbia at Hudson, incorporation of, i. 186.

Bank of New York, incorporation of, i. 186.

Barker, George P., at.-gen., ii. 52.

Barkley, Alexander, nominated for canal com., 1868, iii. 196; defeated, 215; renominated, 1870, 238; defeated, 244; renominated, 1871, 264; elected, 275.

Barlow, Francis C., record as a soldier, iii. 129; nominated for sec. of state, 1865, 130; elected, 135; not renominated, 1867, 174; nominated for atty.-gen., 1871, 264; elected, 275; fine record of, 307; dropped as atty.-gen., 1873, 307.

Barnard, David, popular anti-masonic preacher, i. 370.

Barnard, George G., Tweed's trusted judge, iii. 177; foppish dress, 177; appearance of, 177; begins 1857 as recorder, 177; advanced to Sup. Court, 1860, 177; part in election frauds, 1868, 216; fraudulent naturalisations, 216-8; exposure, 246; impeached, 248; death, 248.

Barnburners, Dem. faction, ii. 126; why so called, 126; leaders of, 126-7; hostility to Hunkers, 127; secede from Dem. con., 1847, 127; withdraw from Baltimore con., 130; hold Utica con., 131; nominate Van Buren for President, 131; two factions of, 131; leading members, 131; Buffalo con., 1848, 132; indorsed Van Buren for President, 133; Webster's pun, 133; nominated Dix for gov., 133; Seymour unites them with Hunkers, 149; nominated Seymour for gov., 1850, 156; defeated, 158; support Marcy for President, 1852, 169-72; support Pierce and Seymour, 1852, 169-78; succeed, 178; Hunkers secede, 1853, 180-5; nominate separate ticket, 184; approved canal amendment, 184; called Softshells or Softs, 185; see Softs.

Barney, Hiram C., appointed collector of port of New York, ii. 390; choice of Lincoln, 390-6; mysterious influence in favour of, 393; career of, 395; crippled Weed machine, 395-6; Lincoln plans to transfer him, iii. 85; sustained by Chase, 85; unsatisfactory collector, 85; Lincoln promises Weed to remove him, 87; Draper appointed in his place, 97.

Barnum, Henry W., record as a soldier, iii. 129; nominated for prison insp., 1865, 130; elected, 135; renominated, 1867, 196; defeated, 215.

Barstow, Gamaliel H., cand. for lt.-gov., 1836, ii. 12; career of, 13; defeated, 14; state treas., 18; withdraws from politics, 38.

Bascom, Oliver, nominated for canal com., 1868, iii. 207; elected, 215.

Bates, James K., nominated for prison insp., 1863, iii. 76; elected, 83.

Bayard, James A., cand. in opposition to Greeley, 1872, iii. 289, note; attitude toward Tilden, 354.

Beach, Allen C., nominated for lt.-gov., 1868, iii. 207; elected, 215; renominated, 231; elected, 244; aspires to be gov., 1872, 297; nominated for sec. of state, 1877, 384; vigorously opposed in campaign, 387; elected, 387; renominated, 1879, 424; defeated, 427.

Beach, John H., Seward's reliance upon, ii. 34.

Beale, Charles L., in Congress, ii. 339, note; disapproved Weed's compromise, 339, note.

Beardsley, Samuel, leads Dem. forces in Congress, ii. 1; heads mob against anti-slavery meeting, 6; character of, 53.

Beauregard, Pierre T., at Charleston, S.C., iii. 2; reduces Fort Sumter, 3; at Bull Run, 11.

Beebe, George M., strong supporter of Tammany, iii. 383.

Beecher's Bibles, Sharpe's rifles, ii. 224.

Beecher, Henry Ward, active against repeal of Missouri compromise, ii. 193; in campaign, 1860, 240; political sermons of, 329; indifference to secession, 334; peaceable secession, 336.

Resents Lincoln's relations with Conservatives, iii. 90; forsakes Johnson, 163; denounces his vicious course, 163; supports Rep. ticket, 163; on Cornell's defeat, 1882, 495.

Beekman, John P., ambitious to be gov., ii. 172-3.

Belmont, August, at Charleston convention, ii. 272; approves Weed's compromise, 338, 341; del. to Dem. nat. con., 1864, iii. 101; 1872, 287; Ch'm. of nat. ex. com., 287.

Belmont, Perry, presented for gov., 1882, iii. 488.

Bemis, Horace, threatens to bolt leg. caucus, iii. 53, note.

Bennett, James Gordon, editor of N.Y. _Herald_, iii. 36; contest with Greeley, 36; favours Dix for gov., 42.

Benson, Egbert, atty.-gen., i. 16; at Hartford con., 28; at Annapolis, 29; in Legislature, 33; action on Federal Constitution, 33; elected to Congress, 44; appointed to Supreme Court, 61.

Benton, Thomas H., on Van Buren's conscription law, i. 232; on Van Buren's rejection as minister, 389.

Betts, Samuel R., appointed to Supreme Court, i. 322.

Bigelow, John, ch'm. of Tilden's canal com., 1875, iii. 323; declines Rep. nomination for state comp., 1874, 325; accepts Dem. nomination for sec. of state, 1874, 326; elected, 331; Tilden's spokesman at Nat. con., 1876, 342; bitterly opposed for renomination as sec. of state, 380; defeated, 384.

Birdsall, John, on Supreme Court, i. 348; induced to leave Anti-Masons, 397.

Birdsall, John, State senator, iii. 437; declares he will vote for Blaine, 1880, 437.

Black, Jeremiah S., cand. in opposition to Greeley, 1872, iii. 289, note.

Blaine, James G., oratorical castigation of Conkling, iii. 168; supported by Robertson, 1876, 335; thought Dems. lacked firmness, 1877, 355; why Dems. favoured Electoral Com., 355; supports Conkling in contest to remove Arthur and Cornell, 405; a striking tableau, 405-6; again supports Conkling, 410; name loudly applauded in state con., 1880, 433; resented by Conkling, 433; gets eighteen votes from N.Y., 1880, 441; part in Robertson's appointment, 469-71; Conkling's lack of confidence in, 471; influence in Cornell's councils, 1882, 492.

Blair, Montgomery, letter to Welles, ii. 192.

Blatchford, Richard M., approved Weed's compromise, ii. 338; acts as agent for the Government, iii. 7; attends Saratoga con., 1866, 144; thought Morgan's backbone missing, 222.

Blatchford, Samuel, law partner of Seward, ii. 165; defeated for Supreme Court, 165.

Bliss, Archibald M., attended Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, iii. 296; on com. to confer with Dems., 296.

Bostwick, William L., nominated for state treas., 1877, iii. 377; defeated, 387.

Bouck, William C., compared with Young, ii. 53; named for gov., 1840, 54; defeated, 54; renominated, 1842, 54; elected, 55; canal policy, 56; nepotism of, 57; defeated for renomination, 77-8; in constitutional con., 1846, 103; appointed sub-treas., 119; reasons for it, 119, 123.

Boutwell, George S., compliments Weed, iii. 58; about Robertson's election, 1881, 469-70.

Bowles, Samuel J., on Weed as a manager, ii. 283.

Bradford, George P., delegate to Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, iii. 296.

Bradish, Luther, speaker of Assembly, ii. 18; defeated for nomination for gov., 1838, 19-21; nominated for lt.-gov., 21; nominated for gov., 1842, 51; defeated, 55.

Bradley, George B., nominated for Court of Appeals, 1878, iii. 393; defeated, 397.

Brady, James T., in campaign of 1852, ii. 178; nominated for atty.-gen. by Hunkers, 183; nominated for gov. by Hards, 325; popularity of, 325; defeat of, 333; delegate to seceding states, 351-2.

Sympathy with the South, iii. 4; tendered nomination for mayor, 1861, 30; refused it, 30; loyalty of, 59; addresses to Union League, 1863, 59; declines state comptrollership, 1863, 74; active in campaign, 1867, 186.

Bribery, in chartering Albany State Bank, i. 186-7; Purdy charged with, 190; Thomas and Southwick indicted and acquitted, 191-4.

Bristol, Wheeler H., nominated for state treas., 1869, iii. 226; elected, 227; renominated, 1871, 273; defeated, 275.

Brockway, Beman, Watertown _Times_, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Bronson, Greene C., appointed atty.-gen., i. 383; character and career of, 383-4; ii. 196; declines to support Softs, 186; removed as collector, 187; Greeley on, 187, 189; nominated for gov. by Hards, 196; inconsistency of, 196; at peace congress, 350; stands with Lincoln, iii. 15.

Brooks, Erastus, nominated for gov., ii. 238; early career of, 238; N.Y. _Express_, conspicuous as an editor, iii. 420.

Brooks, James, founded N.Y. _Express_, ii. 238; early career of, 238; forces nomination of Seymour, iii. 38; controls Cons. Union con., 1863, 79; connection with Crédit Mobilier, 309, note; death, 309, note; a leading Dem. editor, 420.

Broome, John, candidate for lt.-gov., 1804, i. 129; death and career of, 180.

Brouck, Francis C., nominated for state treas., 1861, iii. 21, note; declined to accept, 24.

Brown, D.D.S., attended Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, iii. 296; on com. to confer with Dems., 296.

Brown, Jacob, valour at Sackett's Harbour, i. 223; promoted, 225; character and career of, 225; on Niagara frontier, 226; brilliant leadership, 227.

Brown, John, raid of, ii. 259; career of, 259-60; Douglas on, 260; Emerson on, 260; Thoreau on, 260; Longfellow on, 260; Lincoln on, 264; Seward on, 266-7; Andrew on, 269.

Brown, John W., nominated for judge Court of Appeals, 1865, iii. 129; defeated, 135.

Brown University, William L. Marcy, graduate of, i. 292.

Bruce, Benjamin F., candidate for canal com., 1861, iii. 23, note; elected, 29; renominated, 1863, 76; elected, 83.

Bryant, William Cullen, in campaign of 1844, ii. 84; original Barnburner, 131; supports Pierce and Seymour, 1852, 177; theory of, 177, note; active in campaign of 1856, 240; meets Lincoln, 266; ch'm. of Lincoln meeting, 263; opposes Seward for President, 285; elector-at-large, 328; opposes Seward for sec. of state, 394.

Favours postponing Nat. Rep. Con., 1864, iii. 88; resents Lincoln's relations with Seward and Weed, 90; denounces expulsion of Louisiana legislators, 328.

Buchanan, James, nominated for President, ii. 228; supported by Hards, 227-8; Softs forced to vote for, 227-8; criticised by Southern press, iii. 10.

Bucktails, followers of Van Buren, i. 251; origin of name, 251.

Bucktails and Clintonians, 1820, two opposing parties, i. 273.

Buel, Jesse, cand. for gov., 1836, ii. 12; career and gifts of, 12; defeated, 13.

Buffalo, burned by British, i. 224; Clinton predicts its great growth, 243.

Bull Run, battle of, iii. 11-12; Scott did not approve, 11; Lincoln favoured it, 11; urged by the N.Y. _Tribune_, 11.

Burr, Aaron, with Arnold at Quebec, i. 5; supports Yates for gov., 43; atty.-gen., 45; early career, 45; his character, 45; first meeting with Hamilton, 45-6; opinion of Washington, 46; legend as to Hamilton and, 46; atty.-gen., 46-7; elected to U.S. Senate, 49; ambitious to be gov., 50; checked by Clinton and Hamilton, 50; non-attention to public business, 55; referee in Clinton-Jay contest, 57; undertakes to carry New York, 89; skilful methods of, 90; meets Hamilton at the polls, 91; courtesy of, 91; style of speaking, 91; Root's opinion of, 91; party triumphant, 91; cand. for Vice-President, 98; the tie vote, 98; favours Jefferson's election, 98; supported by Federalists, 98-9; silent as to result, 102; Van Ness, as a go-between, 103; deceived by Edward Livingston, 103; defeated for President, 104; elected Vice-President, 104; eulogised by Jefferson, 104; sudden change toward, 105; personal appearance, 106; president constitutional con., 115; helped Clinton's control, 115-6; Clinton's dislike of, 116; Clinton determines to destroy him, 116; friends without an office, 119; turns against Jefferson and Clinton, 121-2; silence under attack, 123; "Aristides'" defence of, 123; nominated for gov., 1804, 131; hopeless race from start, 131; Hamilton's reasons for opposing, 133-5; leader of secession, 134-5; Lansing's withdrawal, 136; reasons for election, 137; powerful friends, 138; defeated, 138; challenged Hamilton, 139-40; hostile meeting, 142; death of Hamilton, 142; indicted for murder, 144; later career, 144-5; character, 145; unnatural parent, 146; connection with Tam., 182; clever trick to charter bank, 187.

Burrows, Lorenzo, nominated for gov. by Americans, ii. 249; character of, 249; defeated, 255; manager Cons. state con., 1863, iii. 79, note.

Burt, James, in Council of Appointment, i. 156.

Burt, Silas W., appointed surveyor, port of New York, iii. 406; confirmed, 409.

Butler, Benjamin F., district attorney, i. 289; gifts, character, and career of, 289-94; appearance of, 289; relations with Talcott, 291; law partner of Van Buren, 291; member of Albany Regency, 293-4; death of, 294; sent to Assembly, 358.

U.S. atty.-gen., ii. 1; practising law, 53; at Baltimore con., 70-3; declines to be sec. of war, 94; a Barnburner, 120; at Utica con., 131.

Butler, William Allen, son of Benjamin F., eulogy of Van Buren, i. 208.

Cady, Daniel, gifts and character of, i. 169; career of, 169; father of Elizabeth Cady Stanton, 169; assails embargo, 169.

Cagger, Peter, at Charleston con., ii. 272; opposes Union State con., iii. 15; draft-circular, 82.

Calhoun, John C., resembled John C. Spencer, i. 264; Clinton on, 386, note; opposes Van Buren, 387.

Callicot, Timothy, proposition to Depew, iii. 53; elected speaker of Assembly, 54.

Cambreling, Churchill C., leads Dem. forces in Congress, ii. 1; in constitutional con., 1846, 103; minister to Russia, 103; a Barnburner, 128; at Utica con., 131; supports Pierce and Seymour, 1852, 177.

Cameron, Simon, promised place in Lincoln's cabinet, ii. 288.

Campaign speeches, 1860, ii. 329.

Campbell, Allan, presented for gov., 1882, iii. 488, note; ostensible choice of County Democracy, 489; supported by Reps. for mayor of N.Y., 1882, 498; character and ability, 498; defeated, 498.

Canadian rebellion, history of, ii. 23-4.

Canal Ring, defeats Barlow for atty.-gen., 1873, iii. 307; opposes Tilden for gov., 1874, 311; members of it, 312; exposed and crushed, 322-4.

Canal work and fraud, see Erie Canal.

Cannon, Joseph G., respecting Greeley and Lincoln, iii. 126, note.

Cantine, Moses I., brother-in-law of Van Buren, i. 251; opposed Clinton and Erie canal, 251.

_Caroline_, steamer in Canadian rebellion, ii. 24.

Carpenter, B. Platt, nominated for lt.-gov., 1882, iii. 494; defeated, 498.

Carr, Joseph B., nominated for sec. of state, 1879, iii. 416; elected, 427; renominated for sec. of state, 1881, 485; elected, 486.

Carroll, Howard, named for congressman-at-large, 1882, iii. 494; defeated, 498.

Carter, Luther C., in Congress, ii. 339, note; disapproves Weed's compromise, 339, note.

Carver, Joseph, predicts inland waterway in New York, i. 241.

Cassidy, William, Albany _Argus_, a leading Dem. editor, iii. 420.

Castle Garden meeting, to unite Fillmore Whigs and Democrats, ii. 157.

Champlain, Marshal M., nominated for atty.-gen., 1861, iii. 24, note; defeated, 29; renominated, 1869, 226; elected, 227; renominated, 1871, 273; defeated, 275.

Chandler, Zachariah, resented Lincoln's relations with Seward and Weed, iii. 89.

Chapin, Edwin H., political sermons of, ii. 329.

Chaplin, William L., nominated for gov. by Abolitionists, 1850, ii. 156.

Chapman, George W., nominated for canal com., 1870, iii. 231; elected, 244; renominated, 273; defeated, 275.

Charleston convention, 1860, ii. 270-9; Softs admitted, 270; N.Y. delegation, 271-2; Richmond's leadership, 271-9; struggle over platform, 273-5; bitter debates, 273-6; states secede, 275; South against Douglas and Guthrie, 276; adjourned to Baltimore, 279; see Baltimore convention.

Charleston _Mercury_, resents action of Northern Dems., iii. 10.

Chase, Salmon P., chief of radicals in cabinet, iii. 14; resigns, 84; consents to remain, 84; threatens to resign, 86; resigns, 1864, 96; Lincoln's tart acceptance, 97; leads movement to substitute another cand. for Lincoln, 103; aspires to be President, 1868, 197; favoured by Seymour, 198; gets few votes, 199; several Lib. Reps. favour him, 1872, 282; defeated, 286.

Chatfield, Thomas S., nominated for state treas., 1869, iii. 226; defeated, 227.

Cheetham, James, editor of _American Citizen_, i. 122; attacked Burr, 122-3; assailed by Van Ness, 126; challenged Coleman, 128; assailed Burr, 1804, 137; opposed embargo, 165; expelled from Tam., 182; death of, 182.

Cheever, George B., tours England in behalf of the Union, iii. 90; resents Lincoln's relations with Conservatives, 90; signs call for Cleveland con., 90; denounces policy of Administration, 90.

Chicago convention, 1860, ii. 281-93; prototype of modern con., 281; Greeley on, 281; ch'm. and platform of, 282; influence of cheering, 288; Lincoln nominated on third ballot, 289; Evarts moved to make unanimous, 289; Hamlin nominated for Vice-President, 289.

Church, Sanford E., elected to Assembly, 1841, ii. 47; original Barnburner, 131; nominated for lt.-gov., 1850, 156; at Charleston con., 272; temp. ch'm. Dem. state peace con., 354.

Opposes Union State con., 1861, iii. 15; favoured for gov., 1862, 39; attends Saratoga con., 1866, 144; delegate-at-large, 144; adjourns con. to defeat Dix, 158; audacious act, 158; abject apology, 158; elected chief judge Ct. of Appeals, 234, note; aspires to be gov., 1872, 297; defeated by Tilden, 298; ambitious to be gov., 1874, 311; associated with canal ring, 312-3.

Churchill, John C., nominated for sec. of state, 1877, iii. 377; defeated, 387; aspired to be state comp., 1879, 417; defeated, 417.

Cipher dispatches, iii. 350-1, note; translated by _Tribune_, 394; publication of, 395; influence on Tilden, 395.

Cisco, John J., sympathy with the South, iii. 4.

Civil service reform, first effort of Fed. Gov., iii. 360; Curtis heads Com., 360; Hayes' efforts to establish it, 360; opposition to, 361, 365.

Civil war, sec. of treas. predicts, ii. 332; Reps. might have prevented, 342; gov.'s message, 348; petitions for peace, 349; action of N.Y. Chamber of Commerce, 349; of Legislature, 349; delegates to peace congress, 350; detention of guns, 351; delegates sent to secession states, 351-2; Dix's dispatch, 352; state con. of fusionists, 354-8; Conkling on, 357, note.

Clark, Gaylord J., nominated for prison insp., 1862, iii. 41, note; elected, 51.

Clark, Israel W., Albany _Register_, i. 262; friend of Erie canal, 262.

Clark, Myron H., nom. for gov., 1854, ii. 199; career and character of, 199; Weed opposed nomination for gov., 199; elected, 203; not renominated, 234.

Temperance cand. for gov., 1870, iii. 244; defeated, 244, note; renominated, 1874, 316; defeated, 319.

Clay, Henry, aids in rejection of Van Buren, i. 387; United States Bank, 393; defeat, 1840, ii. 40; anger of friends, 40.

Clay party, organised, 1831, i. 392; nominated Henry Clay for President, 1832, 392.

Cleveland convention, 1864, iii. 92.

Cleveland, Grover, presented for gov., 1882, iii. 490; career and character, 490; County Democracy's influence, 490; nominated on third ballot, 491; appearance, 492; his sturdy rectitude, 492; letter of acceptance, 497; enormous majority, 498; known as the "Veto Mayor," 499.

Clews, Henry, recommends Murphy's appointment, iii. 233; presents Dix for gov., 1872, 294.

Clinton, DeWitt, forces election of Council of Appointment, i. 107; controls it, 107; early career of, 108; appearance and character, 108-9; breaks with Jay, 110; adds to authority of Council, 115; prototype of political boss, 115, 119; destroys Burr, 116, 119; patronage to the Livingstons, 115; elected to U.S. Senate, 118; resigns, 119; becomes mayor, 118; with Jefferson against Burr, 121; attacks Burr through press, 122; assailed by Van Ness, 125-6; challenged by Swartwout, 127; wounds him, 127; regrets it was not Burr, 127; too young for gov., 1804, 136; opposes Lewis' administration, 149-51; bargains with the Burrites, 152; hostility of Martling Men, 152; three offices and salaries, 153; opposed by W.W. Van Ness, 153; removed from mayoralty, 155; selects Tompkins for gov., 158; contrasted to Tompkins, 160-1; opposes embargo, 165, 168, 171; changes opinion, 165; reappointed mayor, 165; urges uncle for President, 166-7; series of mistakes, 167; approves Madison's and Tompkins' administrations, 168; assails Federalists, 168; removed as mayor, 172-3; reappointed, 179; hostility of Tam., 180-5; nominated lt.-gov., 181; lavish style of living, 183; wealth of wife, 183; income as mayor, 183; Irish friends, 183; lack of tact, 184; ready to defeat Tompkins, 184; desertion of friends, 184-5; elected lt.-gov., 185; opposes charter of Merchants' Bank, 189; silent as to Bank of America, 196; estrangement of Spencer, 197; seeks nomination for President, 199; fitness for, 200; nominated by Legislature, 201; opposition to, 201-2; Granger supports, 202; opposed by Tompkins, 201; by Rufus King, 203-6; supported by Federalists, 204-8; campaign managed by Van Buren, 206-10; defeated for President, 210; reasons for, 210; King's election to U.S. Senate, 211-2; not renominated for lt.-gov., 212; attacks Tompkins and Taylor, 213; retains mayoralty, 213; Riker his enemy, 218; refused a command in War of 1812, 221; patriotic devotion, 221; removed from the mayoralty, 235; record as mayor, 235; canal com., 242-3; early efforts as, 243; in retirement, 243; begins correspondence with Post, 243; plan for canal, 244; heads new commission, 245; friendship with Spencer renewed, 245; brother-in-law of Spencer, 245; cand. for gov., 245; reports on cost of canals, 246-7; supported by Federalists for gov., 1817, 247-8; pictures Van Buren, 250; nominated for gov., 1817, 250; elected, 252; inaugurated, 252; began work on canal, 252; at zenith of fame, 253; lacked politician's art, 254, 257; refused reconciliation with Young, 254; believed Republican party would divide, 254-5; refused to appoint Federalists, 255; dismissed Tam. office holders, 255; rivals of, 255; character of messages, 256; bolts party caucus, 257-60; not a reformer, 260; crippled in power, 261; loss of canal patronage, 261; sly methods of, 268; removes Bucktails from office, 273; calls Van Buren "arch scoundrel," 273; hesitates to remove him, 274; renominated for gov., 279; without organisation, 279; confident of election, 281; elected, 281; protests against Federal patronage, 283-4; green-bag message, 285; vituperative allusions to Van Buren, 286, note; fails to defeat Van Buren for U.S. senator, 287; trapped into opposing the constitutional con., 1821, 296; friends without influence in con., 298; not renominated for gov., 1822, 312; reasons for, 314-5; prophetic letter, 315; deceived as to Yates' popularity, 320; removed as canal com., 329; great excitement, 329; nominated for gov., 330-1; stirring campaign against Young, 332; elected, 333; about the Presidency, 334-5; favours Jackson, 334-6; a censorious critic, 334-5, note; likeness to Jackson, 336; opening of Erie canal, 345; ignores old custom, 347; renominated for gov., 1826, 350; re-elected, 352; death of, 1828, 353; remarks on, 354-5; Van Buren on, 354; Weed on, 355.

Clinton, George, member first constitutional con., i. 5; proposed for gov., 17; manners of, 19; ancestry and career, 20; elected gov., 21; Schuyler on, 21; Washington on, 22; hatred of Tories, 23; approves revenue going to Congress, 24; insists upon its collection by state, 25; refuses to convene Legislature, 25; Hamilton opposes, 25; not candid, 28; opposes revision of Articles of Confederation, 29; withdrawal of Yates and Lansing, 30; reproves Hamilton, 31; bitterest opponent of Federal Constitution, 32; ignored it in message, 32; proposed another con., 33; conduct criticised, 36; Washington on, 36; opposed for re-election as gov., 37; Hamilton's encounter with, 38; re-elected, 1789, 44; a master politician, 45; reasons for appointing Burr, 46-7; helped by the Livingstons, 47-8; renominated for gov., 1792, 50; abuse and misrepresentation, 54; sales of public lands, 54; elected, 55; known as usurper, 61; refused to nominate Benson, 61; argument of, 61; action of Council of Appointment, 62; not a spoilsman, 62; declined to stand for re-election, 63; renominated for gov., 1801, 115; elected, 115; opposed methods of Council, 119; declines re-election, 129; elected Vice-President, 147; opposed embargo, 165; urged for President, 1808, 166; re-elected Vice-President, 167; defeats United States Bank, 186; death and character of, 197-8; the great war gov., 219; plan to connect Hudson with Lake Ontario, 242.

Clinton, George W., son of DeWitt Clinton, ii. 183; nominated sec. of state by Hunkers, 183; Dem. state peace con., 356; loyal sentiments of, 356-7, note.

Clintonians, followers of DeWitt Clinton, i. 251.

Clintonians and Bucktails, 1820, two opposing parties, i. 273.

Clinton, James, in first constitutional con., i. 5; brother of George Clinton, 43; father of DeWitt Clinton, 43; his character, 43-4.

Cobb, Howell, sec. of treas., ii. 332; on election of Lincoln, 332; predicts panic, 332.

Cochrane, John, Barnburners' platform maker, ii. 197; at Charleston con., 272; career, appearance and ability of, 272.

Sympathy with the South, iii. 4; speech at Richmond, Va., 4; loyal speech at Union Square meeting, 6; enters the army, 9; criticised by Southern press, 10; favours freeing and arming slaves, 25; nominated for atty.-gen., 1863, 76, note; elected, 83; signs call for Cleveland con., 1864, 90; resents infringement of rights, 90; president of Cleveland con., 92; denounces leaders of Rep. party, 92; nominated for Vice-President, 92; withdraws, 120; at Rep. state con., 1871, 259; joins Lib. Rep. movement, 283; organises its con. for Greeley's nomination, 283; calls Lib. Rep. state con. to order, 1872, 296.

Colden, Cadwallader D., ancestry and character, i. 56, 117; district atty., 117, 179; prophecy as to inland navigation in New York, 241; removed as mayor of New York City, 287; an Anti-Mason, 370.

Coleman, William, editor of _Evening Post_, i. 117; clerk of circuit court, 117; challenged by Cheetham, 128; kills Cheetham's friend, 128.

Colles, Christopher, navigation of Mohawk River, i. 242.

Collier, John A., desired to be gov., 1842, ii. 51; nominated Fillmore for Vice-President, 137; career of, 138; candidate for U.S. Senate, 145.

Columbia College, DeWitt Clinton in its first class, i. 108.

Committee of Fifty, differences with Committee of Fifty-one, i. 2; assumed leadership of, 2.

Committee of Fifty-one, opposes Committee of Fifty, i. 2.

Committee of One Hundred, made up of Committees of Fifty and Fifty-one, i. 4.

Committee of Seventy, charged with investigating Tweed Ring, iii. 247; nominate Havermeyer for mayor, 1872, 299.

Committee of Sixty, substituted for Committee of Fifty-one, i. 4.

Compromises of 1850, character of, ii. 151.

Comstock, George F., nominated for Court of Appeals, ii. 215; character and ability of, 215-6; elected, 219; nominated for judge, Court of Appeals, 1861, iii. 21, note.

Confederates, the, resent unanimity of the North, iii. 9.

Confederation, pitiable condition of, i. 28.

Confederation, Articles of, impotent to regulate commerce, i. 29; Hamilton on revision, 29; con. called for revision, 29.

Congress, Continental, recommends a war government, i. 1.

Congress, Provincial, takes place of Provincial Assembly, i. 4; meets, 1776, 5; adopts new name, 5; continues common law of England, 5.

Conkling, Frederick A., aspires to be gov., 1868, iii. 193.

Conkling, Roscoe, ambitious to be atty.-gen., ii. 187; early career of, 187; defeated by Ogden Hoffman, 188; on Whig con., 1854, 201; in campaign, 1858, 251; ability as speaker, 251; his muscle, 251; stigmatises Dem. state peace con., 357, note; commends Clinton's loyalty, 357, note; lack of tact, 389.

On battle of Ball's Bluff, iii. 31; opposes legal tender act, 32; character of, 32; defeated for Congress, 1862, 52; refuses to betray Lincoln, 104; re-elected to Congress, 1864, 125; tours state, 1866, 164; cand. for U.S. Senate, 1867, 166; service in House, 167; Blaine's attack, 168; his vanity, 168; strong support by Roberts, 169; declines to use money, 170; wins because of ability, 171; ch'm. of con., 1867, 172-3; tolerant of Johnsonised Reps., 173; Fenton suspicious of, 174; vigorous campaign, 1868, 212; on election frauds, 1868, 215; relations with Grant, 232; secures Murphy's confirmation, 1870, 235; bitter contest with Fenton, 234-5; resumed at Rep. state con., 1870, 235; hesitates to attend, 236; Grant requests it, 236; defeats Fenton, 236; urges Curtis for gov., 1870, 238; dodges vote, 238; active in campaign, 241-2; loses, 244; Greeley attacks him, 257; efforts to crush Fenton-Greeley machine, 1871, 250-64; speech at con., 1871, 261-63; beats Fenton organisation, 263; succeeds at the polls, 275; upholds Grant's administration, 278-9; Robertson's dislike begins, 294; speech in campaign, 1872, 301; re-elected, 1873, 305; offered place on U.S. Sup. Court, 305; declines law partnership, 305; zenith of power, 305; rivalry of Tilden, 1875, 329; speeches in campaign, 330-1; Reps. defeated, 331; aspires to be President, 1876, 332; Curtis' opposition, 333; mild endorsement, 333; treatment in Rep. Nat. con., 333-5; fails to attend Rep. state con., 338; strong speech in campaign, 347; ignores Hayes and Wheeler, 347; favours Electoral Com., 356; excluded from it, 356; at Rep. state con., 1877, 362; Curtis' tart criticism, 369-70; reply to Curtis, 370-7; masterpiece of sarcasm and invective, 374; attack regarded too severe, 376; regretted by Rep. press, 376; Curtis' opinion of, 376; established newspaper at Utica, 385; reason for defeat, 1877, 388 and note; silent on money question, 390-1; at Rep. state con., 1878, 391; at peace with Curtis, 391-2; work in campaign, 1878, 395; re-elected to Senate, 1879, 397; successors to Arthur and Cornell nominated, 1877, 399; dislike of President Hayes, 402-3; defeats Roosevelt and Merritt, 404-5; reconciliation with Blaine surmised, 405-6, 410; Arthur and Cornell suspended, 1878, 406; fails to defeat successors, 408-9; opposed adoption of hard-money platform, 407; resists repeal of election laws, 411-2; ch'm. Rep. state con., 1879, 412; nominates Cornell for gov., 1879, 414-18; his ticket elected, 427; supports Grant for third term, 428-30; controls Rep. state con., 1880, 432; his speech, 433-4; at Rep. nat. con., 1880, 438-46; leader of the Stalwarts, 438; remarkable receptions, 439; brilliant speech, 439-40; criticises Blaine, 440; the faithful, 306, 441; opposes Stalwarts accepting Vice-Presidency, 442-4; stoutly objects to Arthur taking it, 444; refuses to present his name, 444; hostility to Garfield, 461; avoids meeting him, 461; a veiled threat, 461; visits Garfield at Mentor, 1880, 461; avoids political topics, 461; congratulates Platt on election to Senate, 1881, 468; visits Mentor, 1881, 468; works in harmony with President, 468; Robertson appointed, Mar. 23, 469; a surprise, 469-70; reports and theories, 469-70; a Blaine triumph, 470-1; fails to defeat it, 473-6; last caucus attended, May 13, 476; resignation forwarded to Cornell, May 13, 476; reasons for it, 477-78; seeks a re-election at Albany, 478; Rep. caucus refused, 479; first ballot gives highest vote, 479; successor elected, July 22, 482; defeats Cornell's renomination for gov., 1882, 493; reasons for, 493.

Connolly, Richard B., known as "Slippery Dick," iii. 177; suave and crafty, 177; Tweed's bookkeeper, 177; begins in 1857 as county clerk, 177; made city comp., 1865, 177; his rake-off on bills, 178; exposure of, 1871, 246; startling crime of, 246; resigns, 247; escapes to Europe with plunder, 248; dies abroad, 248, note.

Conover, Daniel D., nominated for prison insp., 1869, iii. 226; defeated, 227.

Conservative Democrats, first called Hunkers, ii. 95.

Conservatives, faction of the Dem. party, ii. 52, 126; favoured using surplus for canals, 52, 126; leaders of, 53, 126; called Hunkers, 1845, 126; see Hunkers.

Constitution, Federal, con. called, i. 29; draft sent to legislatures, 32; riots in New York, 32; Clinton's opposition, 32; Hamilton on, 32; con. to ratify, 33; held at Poughkeepsie, 33; sacrifices of New York, 34; people's dislike of, 34; date of ratification, 35; vote on, 36; officially proclaimed, 36.

Constitution, State, drafted by Jay, i. 8; in Jay's handwriting, 13; when and how reported, 13-15; approved by New England, 15; conservative, 15; not ratified by people, 15; amended, 1801, 115; new one adopted, 1821, 299-310; broadened suffrage, 299-302; popularised the judiciary, 302-6; elective officers, 307-10; changes made, 311; ratified, 311; new one adopted, 1846, ii. 103-13; known as People's Constitution, 113.

Constitutional Amendments ratified, 1874, iii. 320, note.

Constitutional convention, first one, i. 5-14; men composing it, 5; assembles at Kingston, 1777, 5; delegates elected by people, 5; recess, 6; reassembles, 6; Jay drafts constitution, 6; number of members, 13; leader of radicals, 13; hasty adjournment of, 14.

Second one, i. 115-6; assembles at Albany, 1801, 115; purpose of, 115; Burr its president, 115.

Third one, i. 298-311; assembles, 1821, 298; distinguished delegates, 298; Bucktail body, 298; Tompkins its president, 299; Van Buren its leader, 298; reforms demanded, 299-310; freehold suffrage, 299-302; compromise suffrage, 299-302; negro suffrage, 299-300; suffrage to elect state senators, 300-1; suffrage settled, 301; Van Buren, speech of, 302; sentiment against old judges, 302; bitter words, 303; Van Buren a peacemaker, 304; former judges finally abolished, 306; what con. substituted, 305; justices of peace, 308-10; constitution ratified, 311; summary of changes made, 311.

Fourth one, ii. 103-13; assembles, 103; prominent delegates, 103-4; absence of Seward, 104-5; Greeley failed of election, 105; popular sovereignty in, 105-6; limited power of property, 107; rights of negro, 107; state indebtedness, 107-9; elective judiciary, 109-12; established Court of Appeals, 111; ratified, 113.

Constitutional convention, 1867, iii. 184; negro suffrage, 185; recesses until after election, 185; result submitted by legislature of 1869, 227; unrestricted negro suffrage, 227; defeated, 227.

Constitutional Union convention, The, 1863, iii. 79; its platform, 79, note.

Constitutional Union party, organised, 1860, ii. 326; Bell and Everett, 326; platform of, 326; fuses with Softs, 326; scheme assailed, 327; composition of, iii. 37; opposes emancipation, 37; its con., 1862, 37; nominated Seymour for gov., 38.

Cook, Bates, state comp., ii. 36.

Cook, James M., nominated comp. of state, ii. 188; ambitious to be gov., 1858, 247; favours postponing Rep. nat. con., 1864, iii. 88.

Cooper, Edward, figures in cipher dispatches, iii. 351; asked for money by Pelton, 351; informs Tilden, 351; nominated for mayor of N.Y., 393-4; elected, 397; strengthened by gov.'s appointments, 418.

Cooper, Peter, candidate for President, 1876, iii. 389.

Copeland, William, aids in exposure of Tweed ring, iii. 246.

"Copperheads," epithet first used, iii. 58, and note.

Cornell, Alonzo B., nom. for lt.-gov., 1868, iii. 196; defeated, 215; evidences of fraud in election, 215-8; career and character, 251-2; head of Rep. state organisation, 251; efforts to crush Fenton-Greeley machine, 1871, 250-64; bold ruling, 259; defeated for nomination for gov. and lt.-gov., 1876, 337-8; bitter feeling, 339; his successor as naval officer appointed, 1877, 399; confirmation defeated, 404-5; President suspends him, 1878, 406; reason for, 406; successor confirmed, 409; nominated for gov., 1879, 416; alleged alliance with Kelly, 425; reasons for the story, 426; aided by Secretary Sherman, 427; Sherman's excuse, 427, note; elected, 427; ran behind the ticket, 427; did not attend Rep. nat. con., 1880, 465; zenith of power, 465; relations to Stalwart leaders, 465; supports Platt for Senate, 1881, 465; asks Garfield to withdraw Robertson's appointment, 472; strained relations with Conkling, 478-9; refused to become cand. against him, 479; adm. as gov. approved by state con., 1881, 485; cand. for renomination, 1882, 492; opposed by Arthur, Conkling, and Jay Gould, 493; coercion and fraud practiced, 493-4; his defeat, 494.

Cornell, Oliver H.P., nominated for eng., 1874, iii. 325; defeated, 331.

Corning, Erastus, at Charleston con., ii. 272; at peace congress, 350.

Cand. for Senate, 1863, iii. 55; character of, 56; offices held, 56; opposes Vallandigham's arrest, 65; Lincoln's letter to, 66; opposes Tilden, 1876, 342; aspires to be gov., 1882, 488; defeated, 489.

Cornwall, George J., nominated for lt.-gov., 1850, ii. 154.

Cotton Whigs, followers of Fillmore, ii. 165; favourable to South, 165.

Council of Appointment, suggested by Adams, i. 8; how elected, 11; proposed by Jay, 11; account of, 11, note; bungling compromise, 12; a political machine, 61; Jay's interpretation of, 62; offices controlled by, 62; Clinton controls it, 107; modified, 1801, 115-6; reduced gov. to a figurehead, 119; abolished, 1821, 311.

Council of Revision, created by first Constitution, i. 10; membership of, 10; failure to act, 10; model for, 10.

Council of Safety, appointed by first constitutional con., i. 16; orders election of gov., 17.

County Democracy, organisation of, iii. 483; delegates admitted to Dem. state con., 1881, 484; ticket elected, 486; sagacity in Dem. state con., 1882, 490; ostensibly for Campbell, 490; solid for Cleveland, 491; unites with Tam. on local ticket, 498; elects city and state officials, 498.

Court of Appeals, established, 1846, ii. 111.

Court of Errors and Impeachment, created by first Constitution, i. 12; composed of, 12; model for, 12.

Court, Supreme, judges of, i. 12; members of Council of Revision, 10; how created, 12.

Cox, Jacob D., leaves Grant's cabinet, iii. 279-80; joins Lib. Reps., 283; opposes Greeley, 283.

Cox, Samuel S., removes from Ohio to New York, iii. 288, note; elected to Congress, 288; criticised by Greeley, 288; attends Dem. nat. con., 1872, 287; favours Greeley's nomination, 288.

Crane, William C., defeated for speaker, ii. 90; contest over constitutional con., 97-9.

Crary, John, nominated for lt.-gov., 1828, i. 363; unfaithful, 363-4; defeated, 368.

Crawford, William H., favoured for President, 1816, i. 237; character of, 237.

Crittenden Compromise, similar to Weed's, ii. 340; not new to Congress, 341; Greeley on, 341; Dix on, 341; Senate Committee of Thirteen, 341-2; Republicans opposed it, 342; its failure led to civil war, 342; Lincoln opposed, 344; majority of voters favour, 347; petitions for, 349.

Crittenden, John J., author of compromise, ii. 340; like Weed's, 340; Nestor of U.S. Senate, 340; weeps when Seward speaks, 378.

Croker, Richard, attaché of Connolly's office, iii. 318; Kelly makes him marshal, 318.

Croswell, Edwin, editor _Argus_, i. 294; lieutenant of Van Buren, 345; opens the way for Jackson, 357; gifts and career of, 374; ii. 56-7; met Weed in boyhood, i. 374; rival editors estranged, 375; seeks Weed's aid in trouble, 375; associates of, ii. 1; reappointed state printer, 56-7; ability and leadership, 58-9; after Van Buren's defeat, 74, 83; slippery-elm editor, 84; supports Seymour for speaker, 91; defeats Young, 92; election of U.S. senators, 93; shrewd tactics, 94-5; part in Wright's defeat, 123; retires from active life, 134.

Crowley, Richard, made U.S. atty., iii. 252, note; member of Conkling machine, 252; cand. for U.S. Senate, 1881, 465; Stalwart leaders divide, 465; fitness for position, 466; handicapped by his supporters, 466; defeated in caucus, 468.

Crowley, Rodney R., nominated for prison insp., 1874, iii. 326; elected, 331.

Curtis, Edward, elected to Congress, ii. 16.

Curtis, George William, in campaign, 1856, ii. 240; early career of, 240; refined rhetoric, 240; on Kansas struggle, 241; at Chicago con., 282; eloquence of, 282.

Reasons for Rep. defeat, 1862, iii. 52; campaign of 1864, 121; aspires to U.S. Senate, 1867, 166; not an active cand., 169; rejects a combination, 169; nominated for sec. of state, 1869, 225; withdraws from ticket, 225; ch'm. of Rep. state con., 1870, 236; name presented for gov., 1870, 238; defeated, 238; on civil service reform, 306; praises Tilden, 310; ch'm. Rep. state con., 1875, 324; opposes Conkling for President, 1876, 332-3; also Cornell for gov. and lt.-gov., 1876, 338; at Rep. state con., 1877, 366; insists on Hayes' endorsement, 366; character and early career, 366; offered choice of foreign missions, 366; defence of President, 1877, 368; criticism of Conkling, 368-70; Curtis and Conkling contrasted, 370; Conkling's attack upon, 371-4; his opinion of, 376; at Rep. state con., 1878, 391; at peace with Conkling, 391; votes against Cornell, 1879, 416; called a "scratcher," 424; sharp retort, 425; answers Conkling's speech, 1880, 434; opposed uniting with Stalwarts, 1881, 467; stigmatises method of Folger's nomination for gov., 1882, 495; resigns editorship of _Harper's Weekly_, 495, note; mistake disavowed by publishers, 495, note.

Curtis, Newton M., at Rep. state con., 1880, iii. 434; views as to independence of delegates, 434; supports instructions of state con., 434.

Curtis, William E., activity in reform, 1871, iii. 268; at Dem. state con., 1871, 272.

Cutting, Francis B., attends Saratoga con., 1866, iii. 144.

Cuyler, Theodore L., on Cornell's defeat for renomination, 1882, iii. 495.

Danforth, George F., nominated for atty.-gen., 1874, iii. 325; defeated, 331; nominated for judge Court of Appeals, 1876, 339; defeated, 350; renominated, 1878, 392; elected, 397.

Davenport, Ira, supports Rogers for U.S. Senate, 1881, iii. 466; nominated for state comp., 1881, 485; elected, 486.

Davis, David, Lincoln's manager at Chicago con., ii. 288; on Vallandigham's arrest, iii. 66; favoured for President, 1872, iii. 282; defeated, 286; elected U.S. senator, 1881, 356; fails to go upon Electoral Com., 356; blow to the Dems., 356.

Davis, Jefferson, sharp controversy with Douglas, ii. 279-80; reasons for secession, 375-6; conditions on which he would accept peace, 1864, iii. 102-3.

Davis, Matthew L., urged for appointment by Burr, i. 121; literary executor of Burr, 145; leader of the Burrites, 152; bitter opponent of DeWitt Clinton, 181.

Davis, Noah, cand. for U.S. Senate, 1867, iii. 166; character and ability, 166; Fenton not helpful, 171; defeated by Conkling, 171.

Dawson, George, Albany _Journal_, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Dayton, Jonathan, member Council of Appointment, i. 231.

Dayton, William L., nominated for Vice-President, ii. 229.

Dearborn, Henry, in command on Canadian border, i. 221; career and character of, 221; plan of campaign, 221; failure of, 222; offers to resign, 222; further failures, 223; retires, 223.

De Lamatyr, Gilbert, nominated for prison inspector, 1867, iii. 174; defeated, 188.

Delegate conventions, beginning of, i. 250; prototype of modern con., 327, 331.

Democratic national conventions, Chicago, 1864, iii. 107-9; New York City, 1868, 196-201; Baltimore, 1872, 287-90; St. Louis, 1876, 342; Cincinnati, 1880, 455-9.

Democratic party, organised by Van Buren, i. 349, 350, 365; its first national con., 391; opposes U.S. Bank, 393; triumph of, 396; sweeps state, 1834, 404.

Again in 1836, ii. 13-14; first defeat, 29; defeat, 1840, 45; recovers state, 1841, 47; divided into Radicals and Conservatives, 52, 126; leaders of, 53, 126; Radicals called Barnburners, 126; Conservatives called Hunkers, 126; Seymour unites two factions, 149; nominated Seymour for gov., 1850, 156; defeated, 158; united, 1852, 169-78; carried state, 178; again splits into Hunkers and Barnburners, 180-5; factions called Hards and Softs, 185; defeated by split, 189; split continued by repeal of Missouri Compromise, 195; united again, 232; Wood captures state con., 257; Hards yield to Softs, 258; indorses Buchanan and popular sovereignty, 258.

Democratic peace convention, ii. 354-8; met at Albany, 354; Greeley on, 354; utterances of Seymour, Parker, Clinton, and others, 355-8.

Democratic state conventions, 1861, Syracuse, iii. 16; 1862, Albany, 38; 1863, Albany, 79; 1864, Albany, 101, 117; 1865, Albany, 128; 1866, Albany, 155; 1867, Albany, 178; 1868, Albany, 205; 1869, Syracuse, 226; 1870, Rochester, 230; 1871, Rochester, 269; 1872, Syracuse, 296; 1873, Utica, 308; 1874, Syracuse, 313; 1875, Syracuse, 325-6; 1876, Saratoga, 345-6; 1877, Albany, 378-84; 1878, Syracuse, 392-3; 1879, Syracuse, 418-24; 1880, Syracuse, 449-50; also Saratoga, 460; 1881, Albany, 484-5; 1882, Syracuse, 487-91.

Denio, Hiram, nominated for Court of Appeals, ii. 184; character of, 184; elected, 189.

Dennison, Robert, report on canal, ii. 60-1.

Depew, Chauncey M., nominated for speaker of Assembly, 1863, iii. 53; withdrawn, 54; nominated for sec. of state, 1863, 75; character of, 75; elected, 83; beaten for ch'm. of Rep. state con., 1864, 91; places Greeley in nomination for gov., 1868, 195; at Rep. state con., 1871, 258-9; president Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, 296; nominated for lt.-gov., 297; defeated, 302; cand. for U.S. Senate, 1881, 466; at Blaine's request, 466, note; choice of majority of Half-breeds, 466; throws his votes to Platt, 468; Platt's promise, 468 and note; sees President about Robertson's appointment, 1881, 473; cand. for U.S. Senate in Platt's place, 479, 480; withdraws, 480; president Rep. state con., 1881, 485.

DeWitt, Simeon, surveys route for canal, i. 242; estimated cost, 242; long career as surveyor-general, 321.

Dickinson, Andrew B., career of, ii. 399, note; appointed by Seward, 399; reasons for, 400; criticised by Greeley, 401; gratitude to Seward, 401, note.

Dickinson, Daniel S., leading Conservative, ii. 53; ability of, 53; nominated for lt.-gov., 1840, 54; defeated, 54; at Baltimore con., 72; declined renomination for lt.-gov., 78; elected to U.S. Senate, 93; approves compromise of 1850, 152; wishes to be President, 1852, 169-72; opposes Seymour's candidacy for gov., 172-3; afterward supports him, 177; indorsed by Hunkers, 1853, 183; ambitious to be President, 1860, 256; called "Scripture Dick," 257; character of, 257; yields to the Softs, 258; at Charleston con., 276 and note, 278; attacks Richmond, 302-3; record as to slavery, 303-4 and note; hallucination, 304; speech at state con. of Hards, 324-5; opposes fusion with Softs, 331.

Sympathy with the South, iii. 4; speech at Pine street meeting, 4; patriotic speech at Union Square meeting, 5; criticised by Southern press, 10; entertaining speaker, 22; nominated for atty.-gen., 1861, 23; elected, 29; in campaign, 1862, 49; cand. for U.S. Senate, 1863, 54; delegate-at-large to Rep. nat. con., 1864, 92; ambitious to be Vice-President, 94; opposed by Conservatives, 94; prefers another to Lincoln for President, 104 and note; falls into line, 122.

Dillingham, William H., classmate of Talcott, i. 290; on Talcott's eloquence, 290.

Diven, Alexander S., delegate to People's Union con., 1861, iii. 22; colonel 107th N.Y. regiment, 22.

Dix, John A., member of Albany Regency, i. 294.

Sec. of state, ii. 1; early career of, 2; in war of 1812, 2; resigns from army, 2; gifts of, 2; writes for _Argus_, 2; his books, 3; where educated, 3; compared with Butler, 3; superintendent of schools, 4; elected to U.S. Senate, 93; a Barnburner, 132; nominated for gov., 1848, 133, 139; regret of, 133, note; defeated, 144; Seward succeeds him in U.S. Senate, 145; supports Pierce, 1852, 177, 178, note; Pierce offers him secretaryship of state, 181, 352; substitutes it for mission to France, 182, 352; beaten by intrigue, 182, note; favoured Crittenden Compromise, 341; postmaster at New York City, 352; secretary of treasury, 352-3, note; historic despatch, 352; favoured peaceable secession, 353; resided at White House, 354.

Sympathy with the South, iii. 4; acts as agent of President, 7; commissioned major-general, 8; criticised by Southern press, 10; suggested for gov., 1862, 37, 49; one vote for U.S. Senate, 1863, 56, note; suggested for gov., 1864, 116; ch'm. Philadelphia con., 1866, 144; defeated for nomination for gov., 159; nominated for gov., 1872, 293; tortuous political course, 294; Seymour's criticism, 295; Weed's confidence in, 295; renominated for gov., 1874, 315; Seymour charges nepotism, 316; apathetic managers, 317; defeated, 319; nominated for mayor of New York, 1876, 346; defeated, 350.

Dodge, William E., at peace congress, ii. 350; delivers peace petition, 381.

Dorn, Robert C., nominated for canal com., 1865, iii. 130; elected, 135.

Dorsheimer, Philip, on Softs' con., 1854, ii. 198.

Dorsheimer, William, delegate to Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, iii. 296; nominated for lt.-gov., 313; character and ability, 314; Tilden's spokesman at Dem. nat. con., 1876, 342; cand. for gov., 1876, 345; renominated for lt.-gov., 346; cand. for U.S. Senate, 1879, 397; at Dem. state con., 1879, 421; begs delegates to reject Robinson, 421; announces Tarn, will bolt, 422; ch'm. of Kelly's con., 1879, 424; nominates Kelly for gov., 424; ch'm. of Kelly's state con., 1880, 451; named as del.-at-large to nat. con., 452; delegation rejected, 458.

Douglas-Bell-Breckenridge fusion, ii. 331; aided by money, 331-2.

Douglas, Stephen A., denounces Kansas immigrants, ii. 224; Harriet Beecher Stowe on, 224; breaks with Buchanan, 246; Greeley favours him for U.S. senator, 247; suggested by Republicans for President, 247; sharp controversy with Davis, 279-80; nominated for President, 301; fusion of, 331; defeated, 333; criticised by Southern press, iii. 10.

Douglass, Frederick, nominated for sec. of state, ii. 216; career and character of, 216; nominated to head Rep. electoral ticket, 1872, iii. 296, note; elected, 302.

Dowd, William, nominated for mayor of N.Y., 1880, iii. 462; bitter contest, 462; supported by Irving Hall, 462; defeated, 463.

Draper, Simeon, unavailable to stand for gov., ii. 247; urges Lincoln's renomination, iii. 88; becomes collector of customs, 1864, 97; successor appointed, 1865, 131.

Duane, James, in first constitutional con., i. 5; in Poughkeepsie con., 33; campaign of 1789, 42; character and career, 42; appointed U.S. judge, 44.

Dudley, Charles E., member of Albany Regency, i. 294; in U.S. Senate, 383; character of, 383.

Duer, William, in campaign, 1789, i. 42; career and character of, 42; in campaign, 1792, 54.

Duer, William A., son of William, i. 42, note

Duer, William A., son of William A., friend of President Fillmore, ii. 155.

Dusenberre, George H., nominated for gov., 1875, iii. 326; defeated, 331.

Earl, Robert, nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1869, iii. 226; elected, 227; renominated, 1876, 346; elected, 350.

Editors, leading Democratic, 1865-80, iii. 420.

Editors, leading Republican, 1880, iii. 413-4.

Edson, Franklin, nominated for mayor of N.Y., 1882, iii. 498; elected, 498.

Election frauds, 1866, iii. 175; sudden increase in naturalization, 1866, 175; state carried by fraud, 1868, 215-8; practised in 1867, 187-8; in 1870, 242.

Election of U.S. senators, influence of money, iii. 221; Conkling's testimony, 170.

Electoral Commission, iii. 352; preceded by civil war spirit, 351-2; rule insisted upon by two parties, 352; com. made up, 353; bill passed by Dem. votes, 355.

Ellicott, Joseph, resigns as canal commissioner, i. 261.

Elmendorff, Lucas, removed Clinton from mayoralty, i. 231.

Ely, Alfred, in Congress, ii. 339, note; disapproves Weed's compromise, 339, note.

Ely, Smith, nominated for mayor of N.Y., 1876, iii. 346; elected, 350.

Emancipation, opposition to, iii. 17, 18, 34, 37, 76.

Embargo, ordered by Jefferson, i. 163; opposed by the Clintons, 165, 168, 171; by Van Vechten and Cady, 169; defended by German and Sanford, 170-1, 174; repeal of, 179.

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, influence of attack on Fort Sumter, iii. 3.

Emmet, Robert, son of Thomas Addis Emmet, i. 357; sent to Assembly 1827, 357; ch'm. Rep. nat. con., 1856, ii. 232; on Seward, 232.

Emmet, Thomas Addis, brother of Robert Emmet, i. 183; his coming to America, 183-4; attorney-general, 213; removed, 213; request in Clinton's behalf, 221; resents Clinton's removal as canal commissioner, 329.

England, cause of trouble with America, i. 2.

English, William H., nominated for Vice President, 1880, iii. 457; defeated, 463.

Equal Rights party, history of, ii. 16.

Erie canal, early views and surveys of, i. 241-3; discouragements, 242; no help from Congress, 243; Tompkins does not favour, 246; opposed by Tammany, 251; supported by Van Buren, 251; bill passed, 251; sentiment in its favour, 252; work on, began, 252; its progress, 253; Tammany's opposition silenced, 261-2; opened between Utica and Rome, 327; Utica and Montezuma, 327; opening of in 1825, 345.

Seward on, ii. 34-5-6; cost of, 1862, 36; policy of enlargement, 49-50; Dems. divided, 52; stop and tax law of 1842, 54; estimated and actual cost of, 60; Seymour's prophecy, 63-4; how affected by constitution of 1846, 107-9; nine million loan unconstitutional, 163; constitution amended, 183; loan of ten and one-half millions, 183-4; boast of Whigs, 188.

Disclosures of fraud, 1867, iii. 174, 182-4; aids defeats of Rep. party, 182; Tilden's message against canal ring, 321; colossal frauds, 322; investigating com. appointed, 323; prosecutions, 323.

Evarts, William M., at Chicago con., 1861, ii. 283; presents Seward's name, 288; moved to make Lincoln's nomination unanimous, 289; witty remark to Curtis, 289; letter to Lincoln, 349, note; candidate for U.S. Senate, 361; career and gifts of, 361-2; work at Chicago, 362; contest for senator, 363-5; forces went to Harris, 363-5, note.

Acts as agent of the President, iii. 7; proposed for gov., 1876, 336; in campaign of 1879, 425; criticised, 425.

Evershed, Thomas, nominated for state eng., 1881, iii. 484; defeated, 486.

Fairchild, Charles S., nominated for atty.-gen., 1874, iii. 326; elected, 331; fine record, 380; opposed for renomination, 380; defeated, 384.

Fairman, Charles G., Elmira _Advertiser_, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Farrington, Thomas, defeated for atty.-gen., ii. 92.

Fay, John D., nominated for canal com., 1870, iii. 231; elected, 244.

"Featherhead," title applied to Half-breeds, iii. 482.

Federalists, "high-minded," who composed them, i. 273; oppose Clinton's re-election, 1820, 279; declared Federal party dissolved, 279.

_Federalist_, The, written largely by Hamilton, i. 32; its influence, 32.

Federalists, The, alarmed at delay of ratification of Federal Constitution, i. 35; reasons for, 35; organisation of party, 38; nominate Yates for gov., 38; counted out, 56; anger of, 59-60; elect Jay gov., 65; re-elect him, 82; lose New York, 1800, 91; indorse Burr for President, 101; refuse to read the Declaration of Independence, 176; support Clinton for President, 1812, 202-8; oppose war of 1812, 219-30; favour a New England confederacy, 227-8; support Clinton for gov., 1817, 247, 252; get no appointments, 255; aid Clinton's choice for speaker, 258; King predicts party split, 259; controlled by Clinton, 267; sons of Hamilton and King declare party dissolved, 279-80.

Fellows, Henry, dishonest treatment of, i. 256.

Fellows, John R., early career, iii. 459; eloquent speaker, 459; follower of Tilden, 459; at Dem. nat. con., 1880, 459; part in spectacular reconciliation, 459.

Fenton, Reuben E., at birth of Rep. party, ii. 211; career and character of, 212; re-elected to Congress, 242.

Character and appearance, iii. 115-6; record and service, 115-6; nominated for gov., 1864, 117; conducts strong campaign, 125; elected, 125; renominated, 1866, 151; opposed by formidable combination, 165; Seward predicted his defeat, 166; elected, 165; acceptability of, 192; aspires to vice presidency, 1868, 192; defeated, 193; candidate for U.S. Senate, 1869, 220; strength and popularity, 220; charged with graft, 221; elected, 222; influence with Grant, 232; relations severed, 232; opposes Murphy's confirmation, 1870, 235; contest with Conkling, 234-5; renewed at Rep. state con., 1870, 235; overconfident, 236; defeated, 236; inactive in campaign, 241; his organisation crushed, 1871, 250-63; its representatives secede from con., 1871, 264; assemble as a separate body, 264; joins Lib. Rep. movement, 283; first to appear at nat. con., 283; organises for Greeley's nomination, 283; attended Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, 296; on com. to confer with Dems., 296; ready to support Church for gov., 1874, 312.

Field, David D., a Barnburner, ii. 131; at Utica con., 131; family of, 244; code of civil procedure, 244; candidate for U.S. Senate, 244; defeated, 244; delegate to peace congress, 350; on com. on res., 358; opposed change in constitution, 359; controversy over, 359.

Support for U.S. Senate, 1863, iii. 55; prefers another candidate than Lincoln for President, 104.

Field, Maunsell B., Chase desires him for asst. U.S. treas., iii. 95; leads to Chase's resignation, 96.

Fillmore, Millard, youth and career of, i. 371; a Weed lieutenant, 372; less faithful than Seward to Weed, 379.

Defeated for U.S. Senate, ii. 38; nominated for gov., 1844, 79-80; compared with Wright, 80-1; confident of election, 88; defeated, 89; elected state comp., 127; nominated for Vice President, 1848, 137-8; elected, 143; breaks with Weed, 148; becomes President, 151; approves the fugitive slave law, 151-2; opposes Seward's indorsement, 153; Fish on, 166; not nominated for President, 166-8; career after defeat, 168-9; nominated for President by Americans, 238; indorsed by old-line Whigs, 238; condemned Rep. party, 238; defeated, 242; helped Buchanan's election, 242; criticised by Southern press, iii. 10.

Financial crisis, cause of, 1837, ii. 16-20.

Finch, Francis M., nominated judge of Court of Appeals, 1881, iii. 485; elected, 486.

Fish, Hamilton, nominated for lt.-gov., 1846, ii. 118; defeated, 120; elected lt.-gov., 1847, 128; nominated for gov., 1848, 139; popularity of, 139; career of, 140; elected gov., 144; elected U.S. senator, 162; on Fillmore, 166; relations with Conkling, 243; not returned to U.S. Senate, 243; approves Weed's compromise, 338; attends Saratoga con., 1866, iii. 144.

Fish, Nicholas, nominated for lt.-gov., i. 173; father of Hamilton Fish, 173; character of, 173; popularity of, 185; defeated for lt.-gov., 185.

Fitch, Charles E., editor of Rochester _Democrat-Chronicle_, iii. 376; character as a writer, 376; deprecates Conkling's attack on Curtis, 376; Conkling's retort, 376; a leading Rep. editor, 414.

Flagg, Azariah, member of Albany Regency, i. 294; member of Assembly, 325; career and character of, 326; appearance, 326; opposes election of presidential electors, 326; insists on Yates' renomination, 326.

Comp. of state, ii. 52; leader of Radicals, 58; against Seymour for speaker, 90; re-elected comp., 92.

Flower, Roswell P., presented for gov., 1882, iii. 488; early career, 488-9; supported by anti-Tilden leaders, 489; distrusted by Manning, 489; associated with Jay Gould, 489; contest with Slocum, 491; defeated, 496.

Folger, Charles G., character of, iii. 77; approves emancipation, 77; favours postponing Rep. nat. con., 1864, 88; aspires to the U.S. Senate, 1867, 166; nominated for chief judge of Court of Appeals, 1880, 460; elected, 463; appointed sec. of treas., 1881, 486; nominated for gov., 1882, 494; bad methods used, 495; not suspected of complicity, 496; advised to decline, 496; dissuaded by Stalwarts, 496; pathetic appeal, 497; pure and useful life crushed by defeat, 498.

Foote, Ebenezer, resents methods of Council, i. 120-1; character of, 120; Ambrose Spencer on, 120.

Ford, Elijah, nominated for lt.-gov. by the Hards, ii. 203; ran ahead of ticket, 203.

Forrest, David P., nominated for prison insp., 1864, iii. 117; elected, 125.

Fort Niagara, captured by British, i. 224; Morgan left in magazine of, 359.

Fort, Daniel G., nominated for state treas., 1873, iii. 308; defeated, 309.

Fort Sumter, relief of, iii. 1; bombardment, 2; surrender of, 3.

Foster, Henry A., character of, ii. 53; leading conservative, 59; president of State Senate, 59; formidable in debate, 63.

Foster, John W., opinion of Jay's treaty of 1795, i. 67.

Foster, William Edward, Buffalo _Commercial_, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Fowler, Isaac V., defalcation as postmaster, ii. 352, note.

Fowler, John Walker, brother of Isaac V., absconds with trust funds, ii. 352, note.

France, threatens war, i. 81-2; preparations to resist by the United States, 83-4.

Francis, John M., Troy _Times_, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Franklin, Walter, father of DeWitt Clinton's wife, i. 183.

Free-soil Movement, principles proclaimed, ii. 127; see Barnburners.

Fremont, John C., nominated for President, ii. 228-9; defeated, 241; nominated for President at Cleveland con., 1864, iii. 92; withdraws, 120.

French, Stephen B., a friend of Arthur, iii. 493; efforts to defeat Cornell's renomination, 493; obtains proxy by unmoral methods, 493, note; principal cause of Folger's defeat, 498.

Fry, James B., account of New York draft-riot, iii. 69; influence of Seymour, 69; dilatoriness of Seymour, 70; draft completed, 71.

Frye, William P., U.S. senator from Maine, iii. 471; on Robertson's appointment, 471; on Conkling's resignation, 478, note.

Fuller, Philo C., career and character of, i. 371; a Weed lieutenant, 371; clerk in Wadsworth's office, 371.

Fulton, Robert, history of steam navigation, i. 74-7; associated with R.R. Livingston, 77.

Furman, Gabriel, nominated for lt.-gov., 1842, ii. 52; character of, 52; defeated, 55.

Fusion ticket, 1860, ii. 331-2; money given for it, 332-3.

Gallagher, Frank B., nominated for prison insp., 1866, iii. 159; defeated, 165.

Ganson, John, delegate to Dem. nat. con., 1864, iii. 108.

Gardiner, Addison, nominated for lt.-gov., ii. 78; career and character of, 78, 233; Weed's friendship for, 78; elected, 89; renominated for lt.-gov., 116; elected, 120; on Court of Appeals, 128; gave way to Parker for gov., 233-4.

Garfield, James A., nominated for President, 1880, iii. 441; ignored by Nast, 461; brands "Morey letter" a forgery, 462; elected, 463; invites Conkling to Mentor, 1881, 468; nominates five Stalwarts, 469; also Robertson for collector, Mar. 23, 469; reports and theories, 469-71; efforts to defeat it, 473-6; resignation of Conkling and Platt, May 13, 476; assassin's act, July 2, 480; death deplored, 485.

Garrison, Cornelius K., delegate to seceding states, ii. 351-2.

Garrison, William Lloyd, meets Lundy, ii. 5; early career of, 5-10.

Gates, Theodore B., nominated for state treas., 1867, iii. 174; defeated, 188.

German, Obadiah, leader of Assembly, i. 149; charges Purdy with bribery, 149, 190; gifts and character of, 170; defends embargo, 170, 174; career of, 170; in U.S. Senate, 170; supports Clinton for President, 202; becomes speaker, 258-9; resents attacks on Clinton, 266; manner of speaking, 266.

Gerrymander of legislature, iii. 397-8.

Gettysburg, battle of, iii. 66; Seymour sends troops, 66.

Godkin, E.L., a vice president of Lib. Rep. meeting, iii. 282; opposes Greeley's nomination and supports Grant, 286.

Godwin, Parke, presents platform to Rep. state con., 1862, iii. 45; preferred Lincoln's withdrawal, 1864, 104; a vice president at Lib. Rep. meeting, 1872, 282; opposes Greeley's nomination, 286; supports Grant, 286.

Goodsell, J. Platt, nominated for State eng., 1865, iii. 130; elected, 135.

Gould, Jay, bondsman for Tweed, iii. 247; aids in Cornell's defeat, 1882, 493.

Governor, candidates for, George Clinton, 1777, i. 21; 1780, 1783, 1786, 37; 1789, 44; 1792, 50; 1801, 115; Robert Yates, 1789, 38; 1795, 64; John Jay, 1792, 50; 1795, 64; 1798, 82; Stephen Van Rensselaer, 1801, 115; Aaron Burr, 1804, 131; Morgan Lewis, 1804, 136; 1807, 161; Daniel D. Tompkins, 1807, 155; 1810, 173; 1813, 223; 1816, 236; 1820, 274; Jonas Platt, 1810, 173; Stephen Van Rensselaer, 1813, 213; Rufus King, 1816, 236; DeWitt Clinton, 1817, 250; 1820, 279; 1824, 330; 1826, 350; Peter B. Porter, 1817, 251; Joseph G. Yates, 1822, 312; Solomon Southwick, 1822, 316; 1828, 364; Samuel Young 1824, 327; William B. Rochester, 1826, 350; Martin Van Buren, 1828, 364; Smith Thompson, 1828, 362; Enos T. Throop, 1830, 376; Francis Granger, 1830, 376; 1832, 393; William L. Marcy, 1832, 394; 1834, 403.

William L. Marcy, 1836, ii. 11; 1838, 22; William H. Seward, 1834, i. 402; 1838, ii. 19; 1840, 42; Jesse Buel, 1836, 12; William C. Bouck, 1840, 54; 1842, 54; Luther Bradish, 1842, 51; Silas Wright, 1844, 78; 1846, 115; Millard Fillmore, 1844, 79; Alvan Stewart, 1844, 82; John Young, 1846, 118; Hamilton Fish, 1848, 139; John A. Dix, 1848, 133; Reuben H. Walworth, 1848, 134; William L. Chaplin, 1850, 156; Horatio Seymour, 1850, 156; 1852, 172; 1854, 197; Washington Hunt, 1850, 154; 1852, 173; Myron H. Clark, 1854, 199; Greene C. Bronson, 1854, 196; Daniel Ullman, 1854, 202; Amasa J. Parker, 1856, 232; 1858, 249; Erastus Brooks, 1856, 238; John A. King, 1856, 236; Edwin D. Morgan, 1858, 248; 1860, 328; Lorenzo Burrows, 1858, 249; William Kelley, 1860, 326; James T. Brady, 1860, 325.

Horatio Seymour, Dem., 1862, iii. 38; James S. Wadsworth, Rep., 1862, 45; Horatio Seymour, Dem., 1864, 117; Reuben E. Fenton, Rep., 1864, 116; Reuben E. Fenton, Rep., 1866, 150; John T. Hoffman, Dem., 1866, 159; John T. Hoffman, Dem., 1868, 206; John A. Griswold, Rep., 1868, 195; John T. Hoffman, Dem., 1870, 230; Stewart L. Woodford, Rep., 1870, 238; John A. Dix, Rep., 1872, 293; Francis Kernan, Dem., 1872, 297; Samuel J. Tilden, Dem., 1874, 313; John A. Dix, Rep., 1874, 315; Myron H. Clark, Pro., 1874, 316; Lucius Robinson, Dem., 1876, 346; Edwin D. Morgan, Rep., 1876, 338; Richard M. Griffin, Greenback, 1876, 346; Albert J. Groo, Pro., 1876, 346; Harris Lewis, Nat., 1879, 412; John W. Mears, Pro., 1879, 412; Alonzo B. Cornell, Rep., 1879, 416; Lucius Robinson, Dem., 1879, 424; John Kelly, Tam., 1879, 424; Grover Cleveland, Dem., 1882, 491; Charles J. Folger, Rep., 1882, 494.

Governor, stepping stone to President, i. 80; compared with United States senator, 364.

Governor, powers under Constitution of 1777, i. 10.

Governors, names and service of, George Clinton, 1777-95, i. 21, 37, 44; John Jay, 1795-1801, 64, 82; George Clinton, 1801-4, 60, 115; Morgan Lewis, 1804-7, 136, 161; Daniel D. Tompkins, 1807-17, 155, 173, 223, 236; DeWitt Clinton, 1817-23, 250, 279; Joseph G. Yates, 1823-5, 312; DeWitt Clinton, 1825-8, 330-350; Nathaniel Pitcher (acting), 1828-9, 366; Martin Van Buren, 1829, 364; Enos T. Throop, 1829-33, 366, 376; William L. Marcy, 1833-9, 394, 403.

William L. Marcy, ii. 11; William H. Seward, 1839-43, 19, 42; William C. Bouck, 1843-5, 54; Silas Wright, 1845-7, 78; John Young, 1847-9, 118; Hamilton Fish, 1849-51, 139; Washington Hunt, 1851-3, 154; Horatio Seymour, 1853-5, 172; Myron H. Clark, 1855-7, 199; John A. King, 1857-9, 236; Edwin D. Morgan, 1859-63, 248, 328.

Horatio Seymour, 1863-5, iii. 38; Reuben E. Fenton, 1865-9, 116, 151; John T. Hoffman, 1869-1873, 205-7, 230-1; John A. Dix, 1873-5, 293; Samuel J. Tilden, 1875-7, 313; Lucius Robinson, 1877-9, 345-6; Alonzo B. Cornell, 1880-3, 412-8; Grover Cleveland, 1883-5, 488-91.

Grace, William Russell, character of, iii. 460; nominated for mayor of N.Y., 461; elected, 463.

Graham, Theodore V.W., removed as recorder, i. 179.

Granger, Francis, nominated for Assembly, i. 358; Weed on, 361; Seward on, 361, note; career of, 361; opponent of John C. Spencer, 361; dress, appearance, and manners of, 361, and note; defeated for nomination for gov., 368; nominated lt.-gov., 368; defeated, 368; nominated for gov. by Anti-Masons, 1830, 376; indorsed by Nat. Reps., 376; a great mistake, 377; defeated, 377; nominated for gov., 1832, 393; reason for defeat, 396; elected to Congress, 1834, 402, 404; Seward on, 404.

Defeated for nomination for gov., 1838, ii. 19-21; continued in Congress, 47; postmaster-general, 154; left Congress, 1843, 154; in Utica con., 153; ally of Fillmore, 154; leads Silver-Grays' secession, 155; delegate to peace congress, 350; friendship with Weed renewed, 350.

Granger, Gideon, member of Madison cabinet, i. 202; supports DeWitt Clinton for President, 202; character and career of, 202; father of Francis, 360.

Grant, Ulysses S., favoured for President, 1864, iii. 93; gives no encouragement, 93; favours Lincoln's election, 120; reports upon Southern sentiment, 1865, 136; unpopularity with radical Reps., 190; quarrels with Johnson, 191; taken up by Reps., 191; endorsed by Rep. state con. 1868, 191; nominated for President, 192; elected, 215; fails to carry New York, 215; evidences of fraud in election, 215-8; adm. criticised, 276-81; renominated, 1872, 292; elected, 302; severely criticised, 317; talk of a third term, 1874, 317; his letter ends it, 1875, 329; renewed on his return from abroad, 428; an active candidate, 428; gets fifty votes from N.Y., 441; defeated, 442; the faithful, 306, 442.

Graves, Ezra, nominated for prison insp., 1872, iii. 296; elected, 302; renominated, 1874, 315; defeated, 319.

Gray, David, Buffalo _Courier_, a leading Dem. editor, iii. 420.

Greeley, Horace, edits the _Jeffersonian_, ii. 26; early career of, 26; came to N.Y., 1821, 26; political conditions, 27; first meeting with Weed, 28; gifts of, 29; relations with Weed, 32; failed of election to constitutional con., 1846, 105; chafes under Weed's control, 116; elected to Congress, 1848, 138; assails Castle Garden meeting, 157; at Anti-Nebraska con., 194; wants to be gov., 198; appeals to Weed, 198, note; offended at Raymond's nomination, 199, 200; favoured a Rep. party, 1854, 200; at birth of Rep. party, 1855, 213; active in 1856, 240; favours Douglas for U.S. senator, 247; dislike of Seward, 247; at Chicago con., 286; Seward and Weed think him faithful, 284, note, 286, note; for Bates for President, 287; jubilant over Seward's defeat, 289-90; reply to Raymond, 308-9; demands his letter of 1854, 310; publishes it, 311-17; character of campaign, 1860, 332; peaceable secession, 335-6; "no compromise" theory, 343; defeated for U.S. Senate, 363-5, note; reasons for, 365, note; _Tribune_ on, 366; persistent office-seeker, 366; charges Seward with favouring Weed's compromise, 380, 382; criticised Seward's appointments, 399; as to Dickinson, 398, 401; relations with Lincoln not cordial, 402-3.

On Scott's insincerity, iii. 11, note; heads radical anti-slavery sentiment, 14; prayer of twenty millions, 35; his force, 36; contest with Bennett, 36; favours Wadsworth, 44; ambition for U.S. Senate, 1863, 54; tries to defeat Morgan, 56; Seymour's complicity in draft-riot, 69; at Rep. state con., 1863, 75; qualities as a party leader, 75, note; susceptible to flattery, 75, note; favours postponing Rep. nat. con., 1864, 89; preferred Chase, Fremont, or Grant to Lincoln, 89; failure of his leadership, 91, note; yearns for peace, 1864, 102; visits Confederates at Niagara Falls, 102; authority from Lincoln, 102; encourages substitution of another candidate for Lincoln, 104; nominated for elector-at-large, 117; elected, 125; yields to an offer of office, 126; favours negro suffrage, 128; lion of Rep. state con., 1866, 150; aspires to U.S. Senate, 1867, 166; wants to be gov., 1868, 193; way seems to be open, 194; great applause when presented, 195; received small vote, 195; reasons for it, 196; named for state comp., 1869, 226; defeated, 227; wants to be gov., 1870, 237; opposed as in 1868, 237; reasons for defeat, 238; laments removal of Fenton men, 250; resents efforts to crush his machine, 1871, 251-6; attacks Conkling, 257; replies to Conkling's con. speech, 263-4; his organisation defeated, 263; reasons for joining Lib. Reps., 281-2; suggested for President, 1872, 283; opposition to, 283; writes platform of party, 284; nominated, 285; endorsed by Dems., 289; defeated, 302; pathetic ending of his life, 303; buried like a conqueror, 304.

Green, Andrew H., appointed deputy city comp., iii. 247; estimate of Tweed Ring's plunder, 248.

Green, Beriah, early abolitionist, ii. 7.

Green, George C., del. to Kelly's state con., 1880, and named as del.-at-large to Dem. nat. con., iii. 452; refused admission, 457; part in spectacular reconciliation, 458.

Greenback Party, organization of, 1876, iii. 346; meet at Syracuse, 346; second con., 1876, 346; con. of, 1877, 384; smallness of its vote, 389; united with labor reform party, 389; issues call for a Nat. con., 389; see Nat. Green.-Lab. Reform party.

Greenback Labour party, state con., Albany, 1882, iii. 487.

Griffin, Richard M., nominated for gov., 1876, iii. 346; defeated, 350.

Grinnell, Moses H., at Anti-Nebraska con., ii. 194; declined nomination for gov., 1856, 234; career and character of, 234-5; approves Weed's compromise, 338.

Acts as agent of the President, iii. 7; urges Lincoln's renomination, 88; secedes from Rep. state con., 1871, 264; meets with a separate body, 264.

Griswold, John A., elected to Congress, iii. 125; character and services of, 125; changes his party, 126; nominated for gov., 1868, 193; defeated, 215; evidences of fraud in election, 215-8; declines to oppose Morgan for U.S. Senate, 220.

Groesbeck, William S., candidate in opposition to Greeley, 1872, iii. 289.

Groo, Albert J., nominated for gov., 1876, iii. 346; defeated, 350.

Gross, Ezra C., gifts of, i. 358; eloquence of, 358; death of, 358.

Grover, Martin, nominated for judge court of Appeals, 1865, iii. 129; defeated, 135; renominated, 1867, 179; elected, 187.

Gumbleton, Henry A., clerk of N.Y. county, iii. 418; removed from office, 418.

Habeas corpus, suspension of, iii. 16, 24, 27, 58.

Hagner, Henry, nominated for sec. of state, 1877, iii. 384; defeated, 387.

Haight, Jacob, treas. of state, ii. 36.

Hale, Daniel, removed as sec. of state, i. 179.

Hale, Matthew, bitterly opposed third-term, iii. 429.

"Half-breeds," title of faction in Rep. party, 1880, iii. 437.

Hall, A. Oakey, known as "elegant Oakey," iii. 177; "without ballast," 177; good speaker, 177; versifier, 177; tortuous political career, 177; succeeds Hoffman as mayor, 177; tried and not convicted, 247, note; served his term as mayor, 247.

Hall, Willis, atty.-gen., ii. 36; character of, 37.

Halleck, Fitz-Greene, Tam. song, i. 182.

Hamilton, early life of, i. 3; speech at age of seventeen, 3; compared with William Pitt, 3; association with Washington, 25; at Yorktown, 26; Washington on, 26; admitted to the bar, 26; defends Tories, 26; opposes Clinton, 26; collection of duties by Congress, 27-8; at Annapolis, 29; revision of Articles of Confederation, 29; reasons for Clinton's opposition, 29; del. to amend Articles, 29; his plan, 31; supports Madison's plan, 31; signs Federal Constitution, 31; Clinton reproves him, 31; ratification of Constitution, 31; eloquence and influence of, 31-6; fear of disunion, 35; hears from Virginia and New Hampshire, 35; criticism of Clinton, 36; on Robert Yates for gov., 38-40; failure of coalition, 44; control of Federal patronage, 44; sec. of the treasury, 44; first meeting with Burr, 45; opinion of Washington, 46; legend as to Burr and, 46; opposed by R.R. Livingston, 48; reasons for it, 48; defeat of Schuyler, 49; Jay's nomination for gov., 50; assumption of state debts, 53; Jay's renomination for gov., 65; Jay's treaty with England, 65-6; assaulted by a mob, 65; election of Apr., 1800, 90; Alien-Sedition laws, 90; meets Burr at the polls, 91; courtesy of, 91; style of oratory, 91; Root's opinion of, 91; party defeated, 91; election of presidential electors, 92; breaks with Adams, 94; reason for, 94; ugly letter opposing Adams, 96; prefers Jefferson to Adams, 96; great mistake, 97; urges Federalists to oppose Burr, 99-101; hoped DeWitt Clinton would become a Federalist, 108; earnings as a lawyer, 132; Spencer's estimate of, 132; Root's estimate of, 132; argues Croswell case, 132; Kent's opinion of, 132-3; prefers Lansing to Burr, 133-5; Burr, a leader of secession, 134; disapproves disunion, 134; Lansing's withdrawal, 136; Burr's challenge, 139-40; an imperious custom, 140-1; his defence for fighting, 141; duel and death, 142-3; profound sorrow, 143; his career had he lived, 143; charters United States Bank, 186.

Hammond, John, nominated for prison insp., 1866, iii. 152; elected, 165.

Hammond, John M., nominated for canal com., 1867, iii. 174; defeated, 188.

Hampton, Wade, in command at Plattsburgh, i. 224; character and fitness of, 224; failure of, 224; resigns, 224.

Hancock, Winfield S., aspires to be President, iii. 197; his training, 197; nominated for President, 1880, 457; defeated, 463.

Hards, name of Dem. faction, ii. 185; successors to the Hunkers, 185; why so called, 185; ticket defeated, 1853, 189; repeal of the Missouri Compromise, 195; nominate Bronson for gov., 196; defeated, 203; refused to rejoin Softs, 209; stand with South, 210; welcomed at Nat. con., 226-8; unite with Softs, 232; hold a separate state con., 324; Brady nominated for gov., 325; defeated, 333.

Hard times of 1837, cause and result of, ii. 16-20; Van Buren's statesmanship, 41.

Harris, Ira, career and character of, ii. 117, 390; on Supreme Court, 117; in Assembly, 117; in constitutional con., 1846, 117; supported Young for gov., 118; elected U.S. senator, 365; appearance and ability of, 390; associates of, 390; with Sumner and Collamer, 390; question of patronage, 390, 396.

Sustains Seward, iii. 84; seeks re-election to U.S. Senate, 1867, 166; wise and safe legislator, 166; Lincoln's joke, 166; defeated by Conkling, 171; resents removal of Sumner, 278.

Harrison, Richard, member of Poughkeepsie con., i. 33; U.S. atty., 44; ability of, 44.

Harrison, William Henry, candidate of northern Whigs, 1836, ii. 11; nominated for President, 1840, 40; elected, 45.

Hart, Ephraim, friend of DeWitt Clinton, i. 261; defeated for canal com., 261.

Harvard University, Rufus King a graduate of, i. 270.

Haskin, John B., in Congress, ii. 339, note; disapproves Weed's compromise, 339, note; del. to Kelly's state con., 1880, iii. 451; proposes plank on Tilden, 452.

Hatch, Roswell D., member of Com. of Seventy, iii. 268; activity in reform, 1871, 268.

Havermeyer, Henry, dispatches to, sent by Marble, 1876, iii. 350.

Havermeyer, William F., served two terms as mayor, iii. 299; character of, 299; renominated, 1872, 299; elected, 302; death, 314; a good record, 318.

Hawley, Gideon, state supt. of schools, i. 288; record of, 288; dismissal of, 288.

Hayes, Rutherford B., nominated for President, 1876, iii. 334; letter of acceptance, 344; declared elected, 350; efforts to reform civil service, 360; opposition, 361; advocates hard money, 391; nominates successors to Arthur and Cornell, 1877, 399; reasons for, 399, 402; Conkling's criticism of, 402-3; appointees defeated, 404-5; suspends Arthur and Cornell, 1878, 406; reason for, 406; their successors confirmed, 409.

Headley, Joel T., career and character of, ii. 215; writer of biography, 215; nominated for sec. of state, 215; elected, 218.

Heenan, John C., "the Benicia Boy," ii. 257; backs Wood in his capture of state con., 257.

Henry, John V., removed from comptrollership, i. 117; resents methods of Council, 119; character of, 119.

Hepburn, A. Barton, nominated for congressman-at-large, 1882, iii. 494; declined to accept, 495.

Hewitt, Abram S., ch'm. Dem. nat. con., 1876, iii. 349; management of, 349; informs Tilden of Electoral Com., 354; relied upon Davis being fifth judge, 356; uses "Morey letter," 1880, with great force, 462; an organiser of the County Democracy, 484.

Higgins, Frank W., promoted from lt.-gov. to gov., i. 180.

Hildreth, Matthias B., appointed atty.-gen., i. 179; death of, 213.

Hill, David B., promoted from lt.-gov. to gov., i. 180; ch'm. state con., 1877, iii. 380; early career, 381; character and ability, 381; aids Tilden, 381; hesitates to rule against Kelly, 382; in con., 1879, 420; elected lt.-gov., 1882, 498.

Hill, Nicholas, ability of, ii. 390.

Hillhouse, Thomas, nominated for state comp., 1865, iii. 130; elected, 135; renominated, 1867, 187; defeated, 187; renominated, 1869, 225; withdraws from ticket, 225.

Hiscock, Frank, attended Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, iii. 296; on com. to confer with Dems., 296; suggested for gov., 1879, 414; early career and character, 415.

Hitchman, William, elected speaker of Assembly, 1869, iii. 224; controlled by Tweed, 224; re-elected, 1870, 228.

Hoadley, George, joins Lib. Rep. movement, iii. 283; opposes Greeley's nomination, 283.

Hobart, John Sloss, member first constitutional con., i. 5; judge Supreme Court, 16; at Hartford con., 28; member Poughkeepsie con., 33; retired from Supreme Court, 68; elected to U.S. Senate, 70.

Hoffman, James O., recorder of N.Y., i. 179.

Hoffman, John T., life and character of, iii. 156, 157, 164; offices held, 157, 177; nominated for gov., 1866, 159; active in campaign, 164; makes good impression, 164; loyalty impeached, 164; defeated, 165; ch'm. Dem. state con., 1867, 179; favours U.S. bonds paid in gold, 180; receives complimentary votes for President, 1868, 198; nominated for gov., 1868, 205; Nast's cartoons, 210; proclamation as mayor, 1868, 214; elected, 215; evidence of fraud, 215-8; approves Tweed charter, 229; also Erie railroad legislation, 230; appoints Tweed judges to general term, 230; criticised severely, 230; renominated, 1870, 231; Nast's cartoon on repeaters, 242; attacks resented, 243; elected, 244; del.-at-large to Dem. nat. con., 1872, 287; declines to be candidate for gov., 1872, 297; con. approves his administration, 298; in retirement, 299; death, 299.

Hoffman, Josiah Ogden, leads Federalists, i. 61; removed as atty.-gen., 117.

Hoffman, Michael, leading Radical, ii. 52; career and character of, 52-3; defeated for speaker, 59; power in debate, 63; constitutional con., 1846, 97-9; in constitutional con., 103; state indebtedness, 107-9; Weed on, 108.

Hoffman, Ogden, son of Josiah Ogden Hoffman, i. 357; eloquence of, 357; sent to Assembly, 358; criminal lawyer, 358; nominated for atty.-gen., ii. 187; gifts of, 188; Greeley on, 188.

Holley, Orville L., surveyor-general, ii. 18, 36.

Hopkins, Nelson K., nominated for state comp., 1871, iii. 264; elected, 275; renominated, 1873, 308; endorsed by Liberals, 309; elected, 309.

Hoskins, George G., nominated for lt.-gov., 1879, iii. 416; elected, 427.

Howe, Epenetus, nominated for gov., 1882, iii. 487; defeated, 498.

Howland, Joseph, nominated for state treas., 1865, iii. 130; elected, 135.

Hoyt, Stephen T., nominated for canal com., 1866, iii. 152; elected, 165; renominated, 1869, 226; defeated, 227.

Hubbard, Ruggles, member of Council, i. 231; attachment for Clinton, 234; character of, 235.

Hudson River Valley, attracts New Englanders, i. 81.

Hughes, Charles, nominated for clerk of Court of Appeals, 1862, iii. 45, note; defeated, 51.

Hulburd, Calvin T., nominated for state comp., 1867, iii. 174; defeated, 188.

Humphrey, James, congressman, ii. 338, note; attacks Weed's compromise, 338, note.

Hunkers, Democratic faction so called, ii. 126; leaders of, 126-7; Barnburners secede from, 127; lose the state, 1847, 127; 1848, 143; Seymour unites them with Barnburners, 149; nominate Seymour for gov., 1850, 156; defeated, 158; support Dickinson for President, 1852, 169-72; support Pierce and Seymour, 1852, 169-78; secede from Barnburners, 1853, 180-5; nominate separate ticket, 183; approve canal constitutional amendment, 183; called Hardshells or Hards, 185; see Hards.

Hunt, Alvah, elected state treas., ii. 127-8.

Hunt, Ward, candidate for U.S. Senate, ii. 244; brilliant career of, 244.

Supported for U.S. Senate, 1863, iii. 55; character of, 73; speech at Rep. state con., 1863, 73; nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1865, 130; elected, 135.

Hunt, Washington, on Clay's Alabama letter, ii. 88; elected state comp., 150; nominated for gov., 1850, 154; endorsed by Silver-Grays, 156; elected, 158; calls extra session of legislature, 163; renominated for gov., 173; inclined to Fillmore, 173; defeated, 178; favours union of Rep. and American parties, 249; president of Constitutional Union party, 326; fuses party with Softs, 326; criticised by Greeley, 326-7; impaired value of fusion, 327; declares intention, 327.

Manager, of Cons. Union con., 1863, iii. 79, note; del. to Dem. nat. con., 1864, 110; demands armistice and con. of states, 110; candidate for elector-at-large, 1864, 120; defeated, 125.

Huntington, George, nominated for lt.-gov., i. 213.

Husted, James W., character and ability, iii. 258; choice of his party for speaker of Assembly, 258; nominated for state treas., 1881, 485; defeated, 486.

Hutchins, Waldo M., visits Lincoln for Greeley, iii. 126, note; head of Fenton machine, 220; at Rep. state con., 1871, 259; joins Lib. Rep. party, 283; organises Nat. con. for Greeley's nomination, 283; attended Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, 296; on com. to confer with Dems., 296; name presented for gov., 1882, 488, note.

Hyer, Tom, noted pugilist, ii. 281; at Chicago con. for Seward, 281; leads street parade, 281; fails to get into Wigwam, 288.

Independence, not thought of, 1774, i. 2.

"Infected district," of anti-Masonry, western half of state, i. 360.

Ingersoll, Charles Jared, statement of, after war of 1812, i. 230; on annexation of Texas, ii. 67.

Irving Hall Democracy, organised by Morrissey, 1874, iii. 331; its ticket elected, 1875, 331; dels. yield to Tam., 1879, 421; seated after Kelly's bolt, 423; fooled by Tam. in candidate for mayor, 1880, 460-1; unites with Tam. and County Democracy, 1882, 498; local ticket elected, 499.

Irving, Peter, publisher of N.Y. _Chronicle_, i. 123; supports Burr, 123, 152.

Ives, Benoni J., nominated for prison insp., 1874, iii. 325; defeated, 331.

Jackson, Andrew, battle of New Orleans, i. 229; favoured by Clinton for President, 334-6; eulogises Clinton, 336; likeness to Clinton, 336; Van Buren joins Clinton in support of, 346; popularity of, 358; a Free Mason, 361; offer to United States Bank, 1832, 393; refused by Clay and Webster, 393; vetoed its charter, 393; the issue, 1832, 393; elected, 368; makes Van Buren sec. of state, 383; appoints Van Buren to England, 387; compels Van Buren's nomination for Vice President, 391.

Compels Van Buren's nomination for President, ii. 4, 5; confidence in Van Buren, 1844, 69.

Jackson, James, nominated for canal com., 1873, iii. 308; elected, 309.

Jacobs, John C., senator from Kings county, iii. 421; ch'm. Dem. con., 1879, 421; named for gov., 422; declines, 422; candidate for U.S. Senate, 1881, 482; withdraws, 482.

James, Amaziah B., at peace congress, ii. 350; patriotism of, 359.

James, Thomas L., appointed postmaster-general, 1881, iii. 468; confirmed, 468; tries to compromise Robertson's appointment, 472.

Jay, John, in first constitutional con., i. 5; appointed to draft a state constitution, 6; age, 6; family of, 6; marriage of, 6; Committee of Fifty-one, 6; del. to first Continental Congress, 7; author of famous papers, 7; Jefferson on, 7; drafts constitution, 7; proposed Council of Appointment, 12; account of, 11, note; abolition of slavery, 14; withdraws from con., 14; chief justice of State Supreme Court, 16; suggested for gov., 17; proposed Schuyler and Clinton for gov. and lt.-gov., 20; extreme modesty of, 20; defeated for del. to constitutional con. of 1787, 30; member of Poughkeepsie con., 33; mentioned for gov., 37; chief justice U.S. Supreme Court, 44; nominated for gov., 1792, 50; previous refusals, 51; career and character of, 51; buzz of presidential bee, 51; denounced as an aristocrat, 53; campaign abuse, 53-4; opposed by the Livingstons, 55; counted out, 56; anger of Federalists, 59-60; dignified conduct, 60; renominated for gov., 64; elected, 65; treaty with England, 65; opposition to, 65; burned in effigy, 65; first term as gov., 67; dodges the slavery question, 68; appoints Kent and Radcliff to Supreme Court, 68; opposed for re-election by Livingston, 78; re-elected, 82; approves Alien-Sedition laws, 85; Hamilton's plan for electing Presidential electors, 92; opposes DeWitt Clinton, 110; refuses to reconvene Council of Appointment, 110; fails to recommend abolition of slavery, 111; close of career, 111-14; character of, 112; crowning act of his life, 112; Canada in peace treaty of 1783, 112-3; declines reappointment as chief justice of U.S., 114; retires to his farm, 115; favours DeWitt Clinton for President, 203-5.

Jay, Peter A., eldest son of John Jay, i. 273; recorder of New York City, 273; a thrust at high-minded Federalists, 273; removed from office, 287.

Jefferson, Thomas, compliments Jay, i. 101; opinion of Burr, 105; swift removals from office, 120; rewards the Livingstons, 121; acts with Clinton in crushing Burr, 121; opposed Burr, 1804, 137; on _Chesapeake_ affair, 163; orders embargo, 163; repeals it, 179; opinion of Stephen Van Rensselaer, 214; on Erie canal, 244.

Jenkins, Elisha, reappointed sec. of state, i. 179.

Jenkins, Timothy, career of, ii. 247; ambitious to be gov., 1858, 247.

Jennings, Lewis J., N.Y. _Times_, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Johnson, Alexander S., nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1874,