Chapter 31

by J. F. Bright (1897) in the "Foreign Statesmen" Series, and a great standard German biography by Alfred von Arneth, _Geschichte Maria Theresias_, 10 vols. (1863-1879). See also A. Wolf and Hans von Zwiedineck-Südenhorst, _Österreich unter Maria Theresia_ (1884).

THE RISE OF PRUSSIA. _History of All Nations_, Vol. XV, _The Age of Frederick the Great_, Eng. trans. of a well-known German history by Martin Philippson; Herbert Tuttle, _History of Prussia to the Accession of Frederick the Great_ (1884), and, by the same author, _History of Prussia under Frederick the Great_, 3 vols., coming down to 1757 (1888-1896), primarily constitutional and political; Reinhold Koser, _Geschichte der brandenburgisch-preussischen Politik_, Vol. I (1914), from earliest times through the Thirty Years' War, by the late general director of the Prussian State Archives, an eminent authority on the history of his country; J. G. Droysen, _Geschichte der preussischen Politik_, 14 vols. (1868- 1876), the most elaborate history of Prussia down to 1756 by a famous national historian; Ernst Berner, _Geschichte des preussischen Staates_ (1891), a briefer, popular account, richly illustrated; Hans von Zwiedineck-Südenhorst, _Deutsche Geschichte im Zeitraum der Gründung des preussischen Königtums_, 2 vols. (1890-1894), an enthusiastic German appreciation; Albert Waddington, _Histoire de Prusse_, Vol. I (1911), from the origins of the state to the death of the Great Elector, an able French presentation. There is an admirable old German biography of Frederick the Great's father, with copious extracts from the sources, by F. C. Forster, _Friedrich Wilhelm I König von Preussen_, 3 vols. (1834-1835). On Frederick the Great: F. W. Longman, _Frederick the Great and the Seven Years' War_, 2d ed. (1886), a good summary in English; W. F. Reddaway, _Frederick the Great and the Rise of Prussia_ (1904) in the "Heroes of the Nations" Series; Thomas Carlyle, _Frederick the Great_, an English classic in many editions, sympathetic and in spots inaccurate; Reinhold Koser, _Geschichte Friedrichs des Grossen_, 5th ed., 4 vols. (1912-1914), a most thorough and authoritative biography; _Politische Korrespondenz Friedrichs des Grossen_, ed. by Reinhold Koser and others, in many volumes, constitutes the most valuable original source for the reign of Frederick the Great.

THE WARS OF FREDERICK THE GREAT. G. M. Priest, _Germany since 1740_ (1915), ch. i-iii, a useful outline; D. J. Hill, _History of Diplomacy in the International Development of Europe_, Vol. III (1914), ch. vi- viii, valuable for diplomatic relations; Richard Waddington, _La guerre de sept ans: histoire diplomatique et militaire_, 5 vols. (1899-1914), the best history of the Seven Years' War; A. D. Schaefer, _Geschichte des siebenjährigen Kriegs_, 2 vols. in 3 (1867-1874), a careful German account; Wilhelm Oncken, _Das Zeitalter Friedrichs des Grossen_, 2 vols. (1881-1882), an important work on Frederick's reign, in the imposing Oncken Series. See also A. W. Ward, _Great Britain and Hanover, Some Aspects of their Personal Union_ (1899).