Chapter 27

Four such were in Troas. [Greek: Eisi men oun lophoi tettares, Olumpioi kaloumenoi.] Strabo. l. 10. p. 720. There were such also of the Amazons in Mauritania.

[915] She carried back but twenty men, according to Strabo. l. 15. p. 1051.

[916] Chron. Paschale. p. 36. Semiramis was, we find, Rhea: and Rhea was the same as Cybele, the mother of the Gods: [Greek: ten Rhean, Kibelen, kai Kuben, kai Dindumenen.] Strabo. l. 10. p. 721.

[917] Cononis narrationes apud Phot. p. 427.

[918] Herodot. l. 1. c. 184. five ages ([Greek: geneai]) before Nitocris the mother of Labynitus, whom Cyrus conquered.

It may be worth while to observe the different opinions of authors about the time, when Semiramis is supposed to have lived.

Years. According to Syncellus she lived before Christ 2177 Petavius makes the term 2060 Helvicus 2248 Eusebius 1984 Mr. Jackson 1964 Abp. Usher 1215 Philo Biblius from Sanchoniathon (apud Euseb. Praep. Evang. 1200 l. 1. p. 31.) about Herodotus about 713

What credit can be given to the history of a person, the time of whose life cannot be ascertained within 1535 years? for so great is the difference of the extremes in the numbers before given.

See Dionys. Perieg. Schol. in v. 1006.

[919] Diodorus Sicul. l. 1. p. 90.

[920] Herodotus. l. 1. c. 98.

[921] Diodorus Sicul. l. 1. p. 92.

[922] Strabo. l. 15. p. 1007.

[923] Arrian. Hist. Ind. p. 318.

[924] Josephus cont. Ap. l. 1. c. 19. p. 451.

[925] Steph. Byzant. [Greek: Babulon.]

[926] Suidas: [Greek: Semiramis.]

[927] Pliny. l. 7. p. 417.

[928] Semiramis teneros mares castravit omnium prima. Marcellinus. l. 14. c. 6.

[929] [Greek: Semiramis lagnos gune, kai miaiphonos.] Athenag. Legatio. p. 307.

[930] Claudian. in Eutrop. l. 1. v. 339.

[931] This is the reason that we find these kingdoms so often confounded, and the Babylonians continually spoken of as Assyrians, and sometimes as Persians. [Greek: Babulon Persike polis]. Steph. Byz.

[932] Strabo. l. 16. p. 1071.

[933] These mounds were high altars, upon which they sacrificed to the Sun. By Ctesias they are supposed to have been the tombs of her lovers, whom she buried alive. Syncellus. p. 64.

[934] They built Babylon itself; which by Eupolemus was said to have been the work of Belus, and the Giants. Euseb. Praep. l. 9. c. 17. p. 418. Quint. Curt. l. 5. c. 1. Abydenus apud Euseb. Praep. l. 9. c. 15. Syncellus. p. 44.

[935] Clemens Alexand. Strom. l. 1. p. 364.

[936] He ordered it to be inscribed upon his tomb, [Greek: hoti kai Magikon genoito didaskalos]. Porph. de Abstin. l. 4. p. 399.

[937] By Zoroaster was denoted both the Deity, and also his priest. It was a name conferred upon many personages.

[938] Zerdusht, seu, ut semel cum vocali damna scriptum vidi, Zordush't, idem est, qui Graecis sonat [Greek: Zoroastres]. Hyde Relig. Vet. Persar. c. 24. p. 312.

[939] L. 30. c. 1. p. 523.

[940] Arnobius. l. 1. p. 31.

[941] Clemens. l. 1. p. 399.

[942] Ibid. l. 5. p. 711. [Greek: Tade sunegraphen Zoroastres ho Armeniou to genos Pamphulos. kl. En adei genomenos edaen para Theon.]

[943] Clemens. l. 1. p. 357. Apuleius Florid. c. 15. p. 795, mentions a Zoroaster after the reign of Cambyses.

[944] Justin. l. 1. c. 1.

[945] Syncellus. p. 167.

[946] P. 315. It is also taken notice of by Huetius. Sinam recentiores Persae apud Indos degentes faciunt (Zoroastrem). D.E. Prop. 4. p. 89.

[947] Sed haud mirum est, si Europaei hoc modo dissentiant de homine peregrino, cum illius populares orientales etiam de ejus prosapia dubitent. At de ejus tempore concordant omnes, unum tantum constituentes Zoroastrem, eumque in eodem seculo ponentes. p. 315.

[948] Plures autem fuere Zoroastres ut satis constat. Gronovius in Marcellinum. l. 23. p. 288. Arnobius and Clemens mention more than one. Stanley reckons up six. See Chaldaic Philosophy.

[949] P. 312.

[950] Zoroaster may have been called Zerdusht, and Zertoost: but he was not Zerdusht the son of Gustasp, who is supposed to have lived during the Persian Monarchy. Said Ebn. Batrick styles him Zorodasht, but places him in the time of Nahor, the father of Terah, before the days of Abraham. vol. 1. p. 63.

[951] Diogenes Laert. Prooem. p. 3.

[952] [Greek: Pro ton Troikon etesi ph' Zoroastres.]

[953] Laertius Prooem. p. 3.

[954] Pliny. l. 30. c. 1.

[955] [Greek: Zoroastris ho Magos, hon pentakischiliois etesin ton Troikon gegonenai presbuteron historousin.] Isis et Osir. p. 369.

[956] Zoroastrem hunc sex millibus annorum ante Platonis mortem. Pliny. l. 30. c. 1.

[957] P. 16. and p. 47.

[958] Euseb. Chron. p. 32. Syncellus. p. 167.

[959] Pliny. l. 30. c. 1. p. 524.

[960] [Greek: Ouk einai mathein poteron Dareiou pater, eite kai allos k l.] He owns, that he could not find out, when Zoroaster lived. [Greek: Hopenika men (ho Zoroastres) echmase ten archen, kai tous nomous etheto, ouk enesti saphos diagnonai.] l. 2. p. 62.

[961] Pliny. l. 30. c. 1.

[962] Huetii Demons. Evan. Prop. 4. p. 88. 89.

[963] See Huetius ibid.

[964] [Greek: Astronomian protoi Babulonioi epheuron dia Zoroastrou, meth' hon Ostanes;--aph' hon Aiguptioi kai Hellenes edexanto.] Anon. apud Suidam. [Greek: Astron.]

[965] Primus dicitur magicas artes invenisse. Justin. l. 1. c. 1.

[966] Diog. Laertius Prooem. p. 6.

[967] [Greek: Ten Mageian ten Zoroastrou tou Oromazou.] Plato in Alcibiade l. 1. p. 122.

Agathias calls him the son of Oromasdes. l. 2. p. 62.

[968] Pliny. l. 7. c. 16. Risit eodem, quo natus est, die. See Lord's account of the modern Persees in India. c. 3. It is by them said, that he laughed as soon as he came into the world.

[969] Hermippus apud Plinium. l. 30. c. 1.

[970] Dio. Chrysostom. Oratio Borysthenica. 38. Fol. 448. Euseb. Praep. l. 1. p. 42. See also Agathias just mentioned.

[971] [Greek: Thuein euktaia kai charisteria.] Plutarch Is. et Osir. p. 369.

[972] Primus dicitur artes magicas invenisse, et mundi principia, siderumque motus diligentissime spectasse. Justin. l. 1. c. 1.

[973] [Greek: Zarades; ditte gar ep' autoi eponumia.] Agath. l. 2. p. 62.

[974] [Greek: Zaretis, Artemis, Persai.] Hesych.

Zar-Ades signifies the Lord of light: Zar-Atis and Atish, the Lord of fire.

[975] L. 1. c. 5. p. 16. Of the title Zar-Ovanus, I shall treat hereafter.

[976] Plutarch. Is. et Osiris. p. 369.

[977] See Agathias. l. 2. p. 62.

[978] Plutarch says, that Zoroaster lived five thousand years before the Trojan war. Plutarch above.

[979] [Greek: Houtos (ho Theos) estin ho protos, aphthartos, aidios, agennetos, ameres, anomoiotatos, heniochos pantos kalou, adorodoketos, agathon agathotatos, phronimon phronimotatos. Esti de kai pater eunomias, kai dikaiosunes, autodidaktos, phusikos, kai teleios, kai sophos, kai hierou phusikou monos heuretes.] Euseb. P. E. l. 1. p. 42.

[980] Clemens. l. 5. p. 711.

[981] [Greek: En haide genomenos edaen para Theon.] Ibid.

[982] Dion. Chrysostom. Oratio Borysthenica. p. 448.

[983] Hyde. p. 312.

[984] Abulfeda. vol. 3. p. 58. See Hyde. p. 312.

[985] Hesych. [Greek: Magon.]

[986] Suidas. [Greek: Magoi.]

[987] Oratio Borysthen. p. 449.

[Greek: Magoi, hoi peri to theion sophoi.] Porph. de Abst. l. 4. p. 398.

Apuleius styles Magia--Diis immortalibus acceptam, colendi eos ac venerandi pergnaram, piam scilicet et diviniscientem, jam inde a Zoroastre Oromazi, nobili Caelitum antistite. Apol. 1. p. 447. so it should be read. See Apuleii Florida. c. 15. p. 793. l. 3.

[Greek: Tous de Magous peri te therapeias theon diatribein kl.] Cleitarchus apud Laertium. Prooem. p. 5.

[988] Diodorus Sic. l. 2. p. 94.

[989] Marcellinus. l. 23. p. 288.

[990] Ibidem. It should be Regis prudentissimi; for Hystaspes was no king.

[991] Rerum Franc. l. 1. He adds, Ab hoc etiam ignem adorare consueti, ipsum divinitus igne consumptum, ut Deum colunt.

[992] [Greek: Astron zoon]. Clemens Recognit. l. 4. c. 28. p. 546. Greg. Turonensis supra. Some have interpreted the name [Greek: astrothutes.]

[993] [Greek: Prosagoreuousi kai Surion]. Pr. Evan. l. 1. p. 27. Some would change it to [Greek: Seirion]: but they are both of the same purport; and indeed the same term differently expressed. Persae [Greek: Sure] Deum vocant. Lilius Gyrald. Synt. 1. p. 5.

[994] Joshua. c. 15. v. 58.

[995] 1 Maccab. c. 4. v. 61. called Beth-Zur. 2 Chron. c. 11. v. 7. There was an antient city Sour, in Syria, near Sidon. Judith. c. 2. v. 28. it retains its name at this day.

[996] [Greek: Bethsour]. Antiq. l. 8. c. 10.

The Sun was termed Sehor, by the sons of Ham, rendered Sour, Surius, [Greek: Seirios] by other nations.

[Greek: Seirios, ho Helios]. Hesych. [Greek: Seirios onoma asteros, e ho Helios.] Phavorinus.

[997] [Greek: Bedsour--esti nun kome Bethsoron]. In Onomastico.

[998] Bethsur est hodie Bethsoron. In locis Hebraeis.

[999] Lilius Gyraldus Syntag. 13. p. 402.

[1000] Jovi. O. M. et Deae Suriae: Gruter. p. 5. n. 1.

D. M. SYRIAE sacrum. Patinus. p. 183.

[1001] Apud Brigantas in Northumbria. Camden's Britannia. p. 1071.

[1002] See Radicals. p. 42. of Zon.

[1003] Chron. Paschale. p. 43. Servius upon Virg. AEneid. l. 6. v. 14.

[1004] Lycophron. v. 1301.

[1005] Zor and Taur, among the Amonians, had sometimes the same meaning.

[1006] See the engraving of the Mneuis, called by Herodotus the bull of Mycerinus. Herod. l. 2. c. 130. Editio Wesseling. et Gronov.

[1007] See the Plates annexed, which are copied from Kaempfer's Amoenitates Exoticae. p. 312. Le Bruyn. Plate 158. Hyde. Relig. Vet. Pers. Tab. 6. See also plate 2. and plate 4. 5. vol. 1. of this work. They were all originally taken from the noble ruins at Istachar, and Naki Rustan in Persia.

[1008] Huetii Prop. 4. p. 92.

Lord, in his account of the Persees, says, that Zertoost (so he expresses the name) was conveyed by an Angel, and saw the Deity in a vision, who appeared like a bright light, or flame. Account of the Persees. c. 3.

[1009] See Stanley's Chaldaic Philos. p. 7. and p. 11. They were by Damascius styled [Greek: Zonoi] and [Greek: Azonoi]: both terms of the same purport, though distinguished by persons who did not know their purport.

[1010] See Plates annexed.

[1011] Martianus Capella. l. 1. c. 17. Ex cunctis igitur Coeli regionibus advocatis Diis, caeteri, quos Azonos vocant, ipso commonente Cyllenio, convocantur. Psellus styles them [Greek: Azonoi], and [Greek: Zonaioi]. See Scholia upon the Chaldaic Oracles.

[1012] Arnobius. l. 1. p. 31.

[1013] The Sun was styled both Zon, and Azon; Zan and Azan: so Dercetis was called Atargatis: Neith of Egypt, Aneith. The same was to be observed in places. Zelis was called Azilis: Saba, Azaba: Stura, Astura: Puglia, Apuglia: Busus, Ebusus: Damasec, Adamasec. Azon was therefore the same as Zon; and Azon Nakis may be interpreted Sol Rex, vel Dominus.

[1014] Antholog. l. 3. p. 269.

[1015] See Huetius. Demons. Evang. prop. 4. p. 129.

[1016] In Theolog. Platonis. l. 1. c. 4.

[1017]

[Greek: Oude ti pharmakon] [Greek: Thressais en sanisi,] [Greek: Tas Orpheie kategrapse gerus.] Alcestis. v. 968.

[1018] Plato de Repub. l. 2. p. 364.

[1019] Lactant. de F. R. l. 1. p. 105.

[1020] Scholia in Alcestin. v. 968.

Concerning Orpheus, see Diodorus. l. 1. p. 86. Aristoph. Ranae. v. 1064. Euseb. P. E. lib. 10. p. 469.

[1021] L. 22. See Natalis comes. l. 7. p. 401.

[1022] L. 9. p. 768.

[1023] V. 41.

[1024] Ibid. v. 99.

[1025] L. 6. p. 505.

[1026] Apollon. Rhod. l. 1. v. 23.

[1027] Scholia. ibid.

[1028] Natalis Comes. l. 7. p. 400.

[1029] De Repub. l. 2. p. 364. Musaeus is likewise, by the Scholiast upon Aristophanes, styled [Greek: huios Selenes]. Ranae. v. 106. Schol.

[1030] Lucian. Astrologus.

[1031] See Lilius Gyraldus de Poetarum Hist. Dialog. 2. p. 73. [Greek: Orpheus, phormiktas aoidan pater.] Pindar. Pyth. Ode. 4. p. 253.

[1032] Clementis Cohort. p. 12. Diog. Laert. Prooem. p. 3. Herodotus. l. 2. c. 49. Diodorus. l. 1. p. 87. l. 3. p. 300. Apollodorus. l. 1. p. 7.

[1033] Linus was the son of Apollo and Calliope. See Suidas, [Greek: Linos].

[1034] There were, in like manner, different places where he was supposed to have been buried.

[1035] Prooem. p. 5. Antholog. l. 3. p. 270. In like manner Zoroaster was said to have been slain by lightning.

[1036] Suidas, [Greek: Orpheus].

[1037] Tzetzes makes him live one hundred years before the war of Troy. Hist. 399. Chil. 12.

[1038] [Greek: Orpheus.]

[1039] Vossius de Arte Poet. c. 13. p. 78.

[1040] Cicero de Nat. Deor. l. 1. c. 38. See also AElian. Var. Hist. l. 8. c. 6.

[1041] C. 24. p. 84.

[1042] Through the whole of this I am obliged to dissent from a person of great erudition, the late celebrated Professor I. M. Gesner, of Gottingen: to whom, however, I am greatly indebted, and particularly for his curious edition of the Orphic poems, published at Leipsick, 1764.

[1043] All the Orphic rites were confessedly from Egypt. Diodorus above. See Lucian's Astrologus.

[1044] Suidas.

[1045] Maximus Tyrius. c. 37. p. 441.

[1046] Scholia upon the Hecuba of Euripides. v. 1267. See also the Alcestis. v. 968.

[1047] Plato de Repub. l. 10. p. 620.

[1048] Diodorus. l. 4. p. 282. The history of Aristaeus is nearly a parody of the histories of Orpheus and Cadmus.

[1049] Ovid. Metamorph. l. 10. v. 81. The like mentioned of the Cadmians. See AEschylus. [Greek: Hept' epi Thebais.] Prooem. AElian. Var. Hist. l. 13. c. 5.

[1050] Hecataeus apud Steph. Byzant. [Greek: Lemnos.] The first inhabitants are said to have been Thracians, styled [Greek: Sinties kai Sapaioi]; the chief cities Myrina, and Hephaistia.

[1051] Philostrati Heroica. p. 677. [Greek: en koilei te gei chresmodei.]

[1052] Steph Byz. [Greek: Chaldaios.]

[1053] Pocock's Travels. vol. 2. p. 159.

[1054] Pausan. l. 6. p. 505.

[1055] See Huetii Demonst. Evang. pr. 4. p. 129.

[1056]

[Greek: Stiktous d' hemaxanto brachionas, amphi melaine] [Greek: Deuomenai spodie threikion plokamon.] Antholog. l. 3. p. 270.

[1057] Servius in Virgil. eclog. 8. See Salmasius upon Solinus. p. 425.

[1058] [Greek: Peri ten pentekosten Olumpiada.] Tatianus. Assyr. p. 275. These were the Orphic hymns, which were sung by the Lycomedae at Athens.

[1059] Diodorus Sic. l. 5. p. 322.

[1060]

[Greek: Aiguptiou Dionusou] [Greek: Mustidos ennuchias teletas edidaxeto technes.] Nonnus. Dionus. l. 4. p. 128.

There will be found in some circumstances a great resemblance between Cadmus and Orpheus.

[1061] [Greek: Hoi de Phoinikes houtoi hoi sun Kadmoi apikomenoi--eisegagon didaskalia es tous Hellenas, kai de kai grammata, ouk eonta prin Hellesin.] Herod. l. 5. c. 58.

Literas--in Greciam intulisse e Phoenice Cadmum, sedecim numero. Pliny. l. 7. c. 56.

[1062] Plutarch. De genio Socratis. vol. 1. p. 578.

[1063] Plutarch. above.

[1064]

[Greek: Ho men de heis ton tripodon epigramma echei,] [Greek: Amphitruon m' anetheken eon apo Teleboaon.] [Greek: Tauta helikien an eie kata Laion ton Labdakou.] Herod. l. 5. c. 59.

[1065] Pausanias. l. 8. p. 628.

[1066] He is said to have introduced [Greek: Dionusiaken, teletourgian, phallephorian]

[1067] Diodorus Sicul. l. 1. p. 20.

[1068] Cadmum Pherecydes. l. iv. Historiarum ex Agenore et Argiope, Nili fluvii filia natum esse tradidit. Natalis Comes. l. 8. c. 23. p. 481. There are various genealogies of this personage. [Greek: Libues tes Epaphou kai Poseidonos, Agenor kai Belos. Agenoros kai Antiopes tes Belou Kadmos.] Scholia Euripid. Phoeniss. v. 5.

[Greek: Pherekudes de en d houto phesin. Agenor de ho Poseidonos gamei Damno ten Belou; ton de ginontai Phoinix kai Isaia, hen ischei Aiguptos, kai Melia, hen ischei Danaos. epeita enischei Agenor Argiopen ten Neilou tou potamou; tou de ginetai Kadmos.] Apollon. Scholia. l. 3. v. 1185.

[1069] Dionusiac. l. 4. p. 126.

[1070] V. 1206. The Poet calls the Thebans of Boeotia, [Greek: Ogugou spartos leos.]

[1071] Nonnus, l. 4. p. 126.

[1072] Euseb. Chron. p. 27. and Syncellus. p. 152.

[1073] See Pausan. l. 9. p. 734.

[1074] [Greek: Phoinix kai Kadmos, apo Thebon ton Aiguption exelthontes eis ten Surian ktl.] Euseb. Chron. p. 27.

[1075] Diodorus Sic. l. 5. p. 329.

[1076] [Greek: Kadmos--prosesche ten Theran.] Herod. l. 4. c. 147.

[1077] Conon apud Photium. p. 443. and Scholia Dionysii. v. 517. [Greek: Eiche de hieron Herakleous he Thasos, hupo ton auton Phoinikon hidruthen, hoi pleusantes kata zetesin tes Europes ten Thason ektisan.]

[1078] Diodorus Sic. l. 5. p. 323.

[1079] Nonnus. l. 3. p. 86. Priene in Ionia called Cadmia. Strabo. l. 14. p. 943.

[1080] Lycophron. v. 219.

[1081] Steph. Byzant.

[1082] Nonnus. p. 86.

[1083] Auri metalla et conflaturam Cadmus Phoenix (invenit) ad Pangaeum montem. Plin. l. 7. c. 56. [Greek: Kadmos, kai Telephassa en Thrakei katokesan.] Apollodorus. l. 3. p. 130.

[1084] Plin. l. 34. c. 10. Hygin. f. 274.

[1085] Strabo. l. 14. p. 998.

[1086] Ibid. l. 10. p. 685.

[1087] Pausanias. l. 3. p. 245.

[1088] Herodotus. l. 5. c. 61.

[1089] Cedrenus. p. 23.

[1090] Apollodorus. l. 3. p. 143. Pausan. l. 9. p. 719.

[1091] Stephanus Byzantin.

[1092] Thucydid. l. 1. c. 5, 6.

[1093]

[Greek: Para Tritonidi limnei] [Greek: Harmonie parelekto rhodopidi Kadmos aletes.] Nonnus. l. 13. p. 372.

Diodorus says that he married her in Samothracia. l. 5. p. 323.

[1094] Nonnus. l. 13. p. 372.

[1095] Nonnus. l. 13. p. 370.

[1096] Stephanus Byzant. The Carthaginians are by Silius Italicus styled Cadmeans.

Sacri cum perfida pacti Gens Cadmea super regno certamina movit. l. 1. v. 5.

[1097] L. 1. c. 9, 10. p. 26. l. 2. c. 4. p. 87.

[1098] Moses Choren. l. 1. c. 9. p. 26. There was a city Cadmea in Cilicia. [Greek: Kadmeia ektisthe kai Side en Kilikia.] Eusebii Chron. p. 30. l. 23.

[1099] Stephanus Byzant. Some think that this is a mistake for [Greek: Kalchedon], Chalcedon. But Chalcedon was not in Armenia, nor in its vicinity.

[1100] Cadmus was coeval with Dardanus. He was in Samothrace before the foundation of Troy. Diodorus Sicul. l. 5. p. 323. Yet he is said to be contemporary with the Argonauts: Clemens Alexandrinus Strom. l. 1. p. 382. and posterior to Tiresias, who was in the time of Epigonoi. Yet Tiresias is said to have prophesied of Cadmus, and his offspring.

[Greek: polla de Kadmoi] [Greek: Chresei, kai megalois hustera Labdakidais] Callimachi Lavacra Palladis. v. 125.

The son of Cadmus is supposed to have lived at the time of the Trojan war: Lycophron. v. 217. and Scholia. His daughter Semele is said to have been sixteen hundred years before Herodotus, by that writer's own account. l. 2 c. 145. She was at this rate prior to the foundation of Argos; and many centuries before her father; near a thousand years before her brother.

[1101] See Excerpta ex Diodori. l. xl. apud Photium. p. 1152. concerning the different nations in Egypt, and of their migrations from that country.

[1102] Diana says to her father Jupiter,

[Greek: Dos moi parthenien aionion, Appa, phulaxai,] [Greek: Kai poluonumien]. Callim. H. in Dianam. v. 6.

[Greek: Pantas ep' anthropous epeie poluonumos estin]. Homer. [Eta]. in Apoll. v. 82.

[Greek: Polle men anthropoisi k' ouk anonumos] [Greek: Thea keklemai Kupris]. Eurip. Hippolytus. v. 1.

The Egyptian Deities had many titles.

ISIDI. MYRIONYMAE. Gruter. lxxxiii. n. 11.

[1103] Lycophron. v. 219.

[1104] Scholia. ibid.

[1105] Lycophron. Schol. v. 162.

[1106] Vetus Auctor apud Phavorinum.

[1107] Nonnus. l. 41. p. 1070. Harmonia, by the Scholiast upon Apollonius, is styled [Greek: Numphe Nais] l. 2. v. 992. The marriage of Cadmus and Harmonia is said to be only a parody of the marriage of Peleus and Thetis. Diodorus. l. 5. p. 323.

[1108] Nonnus. l. 41. p. 1068.

[1109] Oraculum Apollinis Sminthei apud Lactantium, D. I. l. 1. c. 8. p. 32. She is styled the mother of the Amazons. Steph. Byzant. [Greek: Akmonia.]

[1110] Nonnus. l. 12. p. 328.

[1111] Ibid.

[1112] Nonnus. l. 12. p. 328.

[1113] Plutarch. Sympos. l. 9. quaest. 13. p. 738.

[1114] Philo apud Euseb. P. E. l. 1. p. 31.

[1115] Judges. c. 3 v. 3. Hermon was particularly worshipped about Libanus, and Antilibanus, where was the country of the Cadmonites, and Syrian Hivites.

[1116] Lucian de Syria Dea. p. 6.

[1117] Apud Proclum in Timaeum. p. 121. See Orpheus. Fragm. p. 403.

[1118] Pyth. Ode 4. p. 237.

[1119] Herodotus. l. 1. c. 173.

[1120] Og, Ogus, Ogenus, Ogugus, [Greek: Oguges, Ogenidai], all relate to the ocean.

[1121] [Greek: Anotero de tou Ismeniou ten krenen idois an, hentina Areos phasin hieran einai, kai drakonta hupo tou Areos epitetachthai phulaka tei pegei; pros taute tei krenei taphos esti Kaanthou; Melias de adelphon, kai Okeanou paida einai Kaanthon legousin stalenai de hupo tou patros zetesanta herpasmenen ten adelphen ktl]. Pausan. l. 9. p. 730.

[1122] Dicitur Europa fuisse Agenoris Phoenicum Regis, et Meliae Nymphae, filia. Natalis Comes. l. 8. p. 481.

[1123] So Phlegyas was said to have fired the temple of Apollo at Delphi. Euseb. Chron. p. 27. Apud Delphos templum Apollinis incendit Phlegyas. Lutatius Placidus upon Statius. Thebaid. l. 1. v. 703. But Phlegyas was the Deity of fire, prior to Apollo and his temple. Apollo is said to have married Coronis the daughter of Phlegyas. Hyginus. f. 161. and by her he had a son Delphus, from whom Delphi had its name. ibid. See Pausan. l. 10. p. 811. The mythologists have made Apollo slay Caanthus: but Caanthus, Cunthus, Cunaethus, were all titles of the same Deity called Chan-Thoth in Egypt.

[1124] Diodorus Siculus. l. 5. p. 331.

[1125] Solinus. l. 17.

[1126] Pausanias. l. 3. p. 245.

[1127] Palaephatus. p. 22.

[1128] Dionysiaca. l. 1. p. 42. l. 1. p. 38.

[1129] Strabo. l. 12. p. 867.

[1130] See Radicals. p. 95.

[1131] Places sacred to the Sun had the name of Achad, and Achor. Nisibis was so called. _In Achor, quae est Nisibis_. Ephraimus Syrus. _Et in Achad, quae nunc dicitur Nisibis_. Hieron. See Geograph. Hebraeor. Extera. p. 227. of the learned Michaelis.

The Deity, called Achor, and Achad, seems to be alluded to by Isaiah. c. 65. v. 10. and c. 66. v. 17. Achad well known in Syria: Selden de Diis Syris. c. 6. p. 105.

[1132] Hoffman--Academia. Hornius. Hist. Philos. l. 7.

[1133] [Greek: Kai sphi Hira esti en Atheneisi hidrumena, ton ouden meta toisi loipoisi Athenaioisi, alla te kechorismena ton allon Hiron; kai de kai Achaiies Demetros Hiron te kai orgia]. Herod. l. 5. c. 61.

[1134] Pausanias. l. 1. p. 71.

[1135] Diog. Laertius. l. 3. Sec. 6. Hornius says, Academia a Cadmo nomen accepit, non ab Ecademo. l. 7. c. 3. but Ecademus, and Cadmus, were undoubtedly the same person. Harpocration thinks that it took its name from the person, who first consecrated it. [Greek: Apo tou Kathierosantos Akademou.]

[Greek: He men Akademia apo Heroos tinos Akademou ktisantos ton topon.] Ulpian upon Demosthen. contra Timocratem.

[1136] Eupolis Comicus: [Greek: en Astroteutois] apud Laertium in Vita Platonis. l. 3. Sec.. 7.

[1137] [Greek: En gar gumnasion apo Akademou--peri auton de esan hai ontos hierai Elaiai tes Theou, hai kalountai Moriai.] Schol. upon Aristoph. [Greek: Nephelai]. v. 1001.

[1138] AElian. Var. Hist. l. 3. c. 35.

[1139] [Greek: To de chorion ho Keramikos to men onoma echei apo Heroos Keramou; Dionusou te einai kai Ariadnes.] Pausan. l. 1. p. 8.

[1140] Gruter. Inscrip. p. 57. n. 13.

[1141] Pausan. l. 9. p. 779.

[1142] Athenaeus. l. 11. p. 480.

[1143] Pliny. l. 5. c. 29.

[1144] Plutarch. Sympos. l. ix. c. 3. p. 738. Alpha likewise signified a leader: but I imagine, that this was a secondary sense of the word. As Alpha was a leading letter in the alphabet, it was conferred as a title upon any person who took the lead, and stood foremost upon any emergency.