Chapter 24

[Greek: Deime de toi mala kalon Anaktoron.] Callimachus. Hymn to Apollo. v. 77.

[252] Homer. Odyss. [lambda]. v. 105. Strabo supposes Trinakis to have been the modern name of the island; forgetting that it was prior to the time of Homer. l. 6. p. 407: he also thinks that it was called Trinacria from its figure: which is a mistake.

[253] Hymn to Diana. v. 56. I make no doubt but Callimachus wrote [Greek: Trinakia].

[254] Pliny. l. 5. c. 31.

[255] Etymolog. Magn.

[256] Stephanas Byzant.

[257] [Greek: Trachin, he nun Herakleia kaloumene.] Hesych. or, as Athenaeus represents it, more truly, [Greek: Herakleian, ten Trachinian kaleomenen.] l. 11. p. 462.

[258] [Greek: Triaina topos Argous; entha ten triainan orthen estesen ho Poseidon, sunginomenos te Amumone, kai euthus kat' ekeino hudor aneblusen, ho kai ten epiklesin eschen ex Amumones.] Scholia in Euripidis Phoeniss. v. 195.

[259] Eusebius. Praep. Evan. l. 3. c. 11. p. 113.

[260] Palaephatus. p. 56.

[261] Ibid. p. 96.

[262] Palaephatus. p. 20.

[263] Iliad. [Sigma]. v. 486.

[264] Diodorus Siculus. l. 3. p. 324.

[265] Pindar. Pyth. Ode 4. p. 243.

[266] Homer. Odyss. [Lambda]. v. 306.

[267] Chron. Paschale. p. 36.

[Greek: Nebrod----kalousin Oriona]. Cedrenus. p. 14.

[268] Homer. Odyss. [Lambda]. v. 571.

[269] Strabo. l. 3. p. 259.

[270] Alorus was the first king of Babylon; and the same person as Orion, and Nimrod. See Radicals. p. 10. notes.

[271] [Greek: Heloros, entha psuchron ekballei poton.] Lycophron. v. 1033.

[Greek: Rheithron Helorou prosthen.] Idem. v. 1184. [Greek: Ho potamos ho Heloros esche to onoma apo tinos basileos Helorou.] Schol. ibid. There were in Sicily many places of this name; [Greek: Pedion Helorion]. Diodorus. l. 13. p. 148. Elorus Castellum. Fazellus. Dec. 1. l. 4. c. 2.

Via Helorina. [Greek: Heloros polis.] Cluver. Sicilia Antiqua. l. 1. c. 13. p. 186.

[272] Diodorus Siculus. l. 4. p. 284.

[273] Nonni Dionysiaca. l. 13. p. 356.

[274] [Greek: Kata mesen de ten polin he akropolis, hen ekaloun bursan, ophrus hikanos orthia.] Strabo. l. 17. p. 1189.

See also Justin. l. 18. c. 5. and Livy. l. 34. c. 62.

[275] [Greek: Zankle polis Sikelias--apo Zanklou tou gegenous.] Stephanus Byzant.

[276] Scholia in Lycophron. v. 328.

[Greek: Orion--kata tropen tou ou eis o apo tou ourion estin apo historias tou ouresai tous theous en tei bursei, kai genesthai auton.] Etymolog. Mag. [Greek: Orion.]

[277] [Greek: Titthe, titthos, titthion, mastos.] Hesychius.

[278] Pausanias. l. 10. p. 878.

[279] [Greek: Oros--ho de Tittheion onomazousin eph' hemon, tenikauta de ekaleito Murtion.] Pausan. l. 2. p. 170.

[280] Callimach. Hymn in Delon. v. 48. [Greek: Mastoi], often taken notice of by Xenophon. [Greek: Anabas]. l. 4. p. 320. A hill at Lesbos. [Greek: En Lesboi kleines Eresou perikumoni MASTO.] Athenaeus. l. 3. p. 111. [Greek: Echei d' en autoi kai maston.] Polyb. l. 1. p. 57.

[281] Strabo mentions in Cyprus, [Greek: Amathous polis--kai oros mastoeides Olumpos]. l. 14. p. 1001.

[282] The Circean promontory in Italy seems to have been named Tit-On; for, the bay below is by Lycophron styled Titonian. [Greek: Titonion te cheuma]. v. 1275. Rivers and seas were often denominated from places near which they flowed.

[283] Of the Cyclopes I shall hereafter treat at large.

[284] Strabo. l. 16. p. 1080. Azara signified a treasure.

[285] Strabo. l. 16. p. 1106.

[286] Bell. Jud. l. 7. p. 417.

[287] Canticles. c. 8. v. 10.

[288] Jeremiah. c. 49. v. 27.

[289] Amos. c. 1. v. 7.

[290] Ibid. c. 1. v. 10.

[291] Ibid. c. 1. v. 14.

[292] It is remarkable, that in many of the very antient temples there was a tradition of their having suffered by lightning.

[293] Canticles. c. 8. v. 8.

[294] 2 Chron. c. 27. v. 3.

[295] Strabo. l. 16. p. 1096.

[296] Canticles. c. 7. v. 4.

[297]

Pervenit ad Draconis speluncam ultimam, Custodiebat qui thesauros abditos. Phaedrus. l. 4. Fab. 18.

See Macrobius. Saturn. l. 1. c. 20. of dragons guarding treasures.

[298] Apollonius Rhodius. l. 2. v. 405.

[299] Nonni Dionysiaca. l. 14. p. 408.

[300] Nonni Dionys. l. 33. p. 840.

[301] Ibid. l. 35. p. 876.

[302] Ibid. l. 6. p. 186.

[303] Strabo. l. 17. p. 1183.

[304] [Greek: En de tois edeixe kai zoon huperphues, Dionusou agalma, hoi Indoi ethuon. Drakon en, mekos pentaplethron; etrepheto de en chorioi koiloi, en kremnoi bathei, teichei hupseloi huper ton akron peribeblemenos; kai aneliske tas Indon agelas. ktl.] Maximus Tyr. Dissert. 8. c. 6. p. 85.

[305] Strabo. l. 15. p. 1022.

[306] [Greek: Makra pedion. En toutoi de Poseidonios historei ton Drakonta peptokota horathenai nekron, mekos schedon ti kai plethriaion, pachos de, hosth' hippeas hekaterothen parastantas allelous me kathorain; chasma de, host' ephippon dexasthai, tes de pholidos lepida hekasten huperairousan thureou.] Strabo. l. 16. p. 1095. The epithet [Greek: peptokos] could not properly be given to a serpent: but to a building decayed, and in ruins nothing is more applicable. A serpent creeps upon its belly, and is even with the ground, which he goes over, and cannot fall lower. The moderns indeed delineate dragons with legs: but I do not know that this was customary among the antients.

[307] Virgil. AEneis. l. 6. v. 595.

[308] Homer. Odyss. l. [Lambda]. v. 575.

Quintus Calaber styles him [Greek: poulupelethros].

[Greek: Poulupelethros ekeito kata chthonos eurupedoio.] l. 3. v. 395.

[Greek: Tituon megan, hon rh' eteken ge] [Greek: Di' Helare, threpsen de kai aps elocheusato Gaia.] Apollon. Rhodius. l. 1. v. 761.

[309] [Greek: Aiguptos--eklethe Musara--kai Aeria, kai Potamitis, kai AETIA, apo tinos Indou Aetou.] Stephanus Byzant.

Eustathius mentions, [Greek: Kai Aetia, apo tinos Indou Aetou. ktl.] In Dionysium. v. 239. p. 42.

[310] Orus Apollo styles it in the Ionian manner [Greek: Eth]. l. 1. c. 7. p. 10. [Greek: Tode Eth kardia].

[311] [Greek: Aigupton de graphontes, thumiaterion kaiomenon zographousi, kai epano kardian.] l. 1. c. 22. p. 38. It also signified an eagle.

[312] See the whole in Nonnus. l. 5. p. 148. It seems to have been a winged machine, which is called [Greek: Kemos], from Cham the Sun. Hence the notion of the chariot of the Sun, and horses of the same.

[313] [Greek: Kaukasou en knemoisi, Tuphaonie hote petre.] Apollonius Rhodius. l. 2. v. 1214.

[314] Typhon was a high place; but represented as a Giant, and supposed to be thunderstruck here, near the city Antioch. Strabo. l. 16. p. 1090. Here was [Greek: Numphaion, spelaion ti hieron.] p. 1091.

[315] Strabo. l. 16. p. 1089. He mentions a place near the fountains of the river Orontes called Paradisos: [Greek: Mechri kai ton tou Orontou pegon, hai plesion tou te Libanou kai tou Paradeisou.] Strabo. l. 16. p. 1096.

[316] Diodorus Siculus. l. 4. p. 283.

[317] Servii Comment. in Virgil. AEneid. l. 2. v. 204.

[318] Nonni Dionys. l. 25. p. 668.

[319] Tot jugera ventre prementem. Ovid of the Pytho of Parnassus. Met. l. 1. v. 459.

See Pausanias. l. 10. p. 695. He says, the extent related to the place, [Greek: entha ho Tituos etethe].

[320] [Greek: Hos de authis epanekein (ton Kleonta) es ta Gadeira, andra heurein thalassion EKPEPTOKOTA es ten gen; touton plethra men pente malista epechein, keraunothenta de hupo tou theou kaiesthai.] Pausan. l. 10. p. 806.

[321] Diogenes Laertius. Prooem. p. 5.

[322] [Greek: Temenos; hieron chorion aphorismenon Theoi.] Scholia in Homer. Il. l. [Gamma]. v. 696.

[Greek: Kai temenos peripuston Amuklaioio Kanobou]. Dionysius. [Greek: Perieges.] v. 13.

[Greek: Asulon temenos] at Daphne upon the Orontes. See above. p. 428.

[323] Lycophron. v. 6l3.

[324] Ovid. Metamorph. l. 11. v. 56.

[325] Apollonius Rhodius. l. 3. v. 1176.

[326] [Greek: Be d' ep' eran Dias pheugon ophiodea Kupron.] Parthenius, as corrected by Vossius. See Notes to Pompon. Mela. p. 391.

[327] Lycophron. v. 110.

[328] Apollonius Rhodius. l. 2. v. 707.

[329] Hyginus. Fab. 140.

[330] Plutarch de Oraculoram defectu. v. 1. p. 417.

[331] Clemens Alexand. Cohort. p. 29.

[332] Prolegomena to the Pyth. Odes of Pindar.

[333] P. 39.

[334] Silius Ital. l. 3. v. 29.

[335] [Greek: Luchnon asbeston.] Plutarch de Defect. Orac. vol. 1. p. 410.

[336] Porphyr. de Abstinentia. l. 2.

[337] L. 1. p. 63.

[338] [Greek: To de luchnion en Prutaneioi.] Theoc. Idyll. 21. v. 36.

[Greek: Puros te phengos aphthiton keklemenon.] AEsch. [Greek: Choephoroi.] v. 268.

[339] See Hyde Relig. Vet. Persarum: and Stanley upon the Chaldaic religion.

[340] [Greek: Aei de toi aenaon pur.] Callimach. Hymn to Apollo. v. 84.

[341] Vol. 2. p. 84.

[342] Clima. 4. p. 213.

[343] Leviticus. c. 6. v. 13. Hence the [Greek: xulophoria]; a custom, by which the people were obliged to carry wood, to replenish the fire when decaying.

[344] It is said in the Scriptures, that _there were giants in the earth in those days; and also after that_. Genesis. c. 6. v. 4. The word in the original for giants is Nephelim.

[345] C. 2. p. 6.

[346] V. 22.

[347] Orphic. Argonaut. v. 395.

[348] De Venatione. p. 972.

[349] Pyth. Ode 4. p. 244.

[350] Ibid. p. 246.

[351] Justin. Martyr de Monarchia. p. 42.

[352] De Venat. p. 972.

[353] AEsculapius was of Egypt. Cephalus is said to have lived in the time of Cecrops [Greek: autochthon]: or, as some say, in the time of Erectheus; many centuries before Antilochus and Achilles, who were at the siege of Troy.

[354] AEsculapius was the Sun. Euseb. Praep. Evang. l. 3. p. 112.

[355] Oratio in Herculem. vol. 1. p. 64. Oratio in AEsculapium. p. 67.

[356] Homer. Iliad. [Lambda]. v. 831.

[357] Clemens Alexand. Strom. l. 1. p. 361.

[358] [Greek: Monimos de historei, en tei ton thaumasion sunagogei, en Pellei tes Thettalias Achaion anthropon Pelei kai Cheironi katathuesthai.] Clementis Cohort. p. 36.

[359] Pocock's Travels. v. 1. p. 65.

[360] Ibid.

[361] [Greek: Para ten limnen ten kaloumenen Acherousian]. Diodorus Sic. l. 1. p. 86.

[362] In Phrygia--juxta specus est Acherusia, ad manes, ut aiunt, pervius. Mela. l. 1. c. 19. p. 100.

[363] River Acheron, and lake Acherusia in Epirus. Pausan. l. 1. p. 40. Strabo. l. 7. p. 499. Thucydides. l. 1. p. 34.

[364] Near Corinth Acherusia. Pausan. l. 2. p. 196.

In Elis Acheron. Strabo. l. 8. p. 530.

[365] Celsae nidum Acherontiae. Horat. l. 3. Ode. 4. v. 14.

[366] Near Avernus. In like manner there were [Greek: pedia Elusia] in Egypt, Messenia, and in the remoter parts of Iberia. See Plutarch in Sertorio, and Strabo. l. 3. p. 223.

[367] Also Libri Tarquitiani Aruspicum Hetruscorum, so denominated from Tar-Cushan. Marcellinus. l. 25. c. 2. p. 322.

[368] Herodot. Vit. Hom. c. 3.

[369] Hesychius.

[370] L. 1. p. 77.

[371] Fleetwood's Inscript. p. 42.

[372] P. 319. n. 2.

[373] Sat. 14. v. 259.

[374] Pausanias. l. 2. p. l6l, 162.

There was a hill called Anakeion: [Greek: Anakeion; oros, e ton Dioskouron Hieron.] Suidas.

It is said of the celebrated Polygnotus, that he painted [Greek: tas en toi thesauroi kai en toi Anakeioi graphas.] Harpocration. The treasury we may suppose to have been a part of the temple.

[375] Homer. Iliad. [Gamma]. v. 237.

[376] Homer. Odyss. [Mu]. v. 323.

[377] Cicero in Verrem. Orat. 7. sect. ult.

[378] Pausanias. l. 9. p. 741.

[379] Apollodorus. l. 3. p. 154.

[380] Hyginus. fab. 68, and 75.

[381] Antonin. Liberalis Metamorph. c. 22.

[382] Hymn. in Dian. v. 204.

[383] Cicero de Nat. Deorum. l. 3. 23.

She is supposed to be the same as Diana. [Greek: Kalousi de ten Artemin Thrakes Bendeian, Kretes de Diktunan, Lakedaimonioi de Oupin.] Palaephatus. c. 32. p. 78.

[384] Scholia in Callimach. Hymn. in Dianam. v. 204.

[Greek: Opin, kai Hekaergen--ek ton Huperboreon.] Pausan. l. 5. p. 392.

Metuenda feris Hecaerge, Et Soror, optatum numen venantibus, Opis. Claudian in Laudes Stilic. l. 3. v. 253.

[385] 2 Kings. c. 23. v. 10. 2 Chron. c. 28. v. 3.

[386] C. 7. v. 31. and c. 19. v. 5. There was a place named Tophel (Toph-El) near Paran upon the Red Sea. Deuteron. c. 1. v. 1.

[387] Zonar. vol. 2. p. 227. [Greek: Touphan kalei ho demodes kai polus anthropos.]

[388] Bedae. Hist. Angliae. l. 2. c. 16.

[389] De legibus specialibus. p. 320.

The Greek term [Greek: tuphos], fumus, vel fastus, will hardly make sense, as introduced here.

[390] Plutarch. Isis et Osiris. v. 1. p. 359.

[391] Virgil. AEn. l. 2. v. 713.

[392] [Greek: Ten taphen (Dionusou) einai phasin en Delphois para ton Chrusoun Apollona.] Cyril. cont. Julian. l. 1. p. 11.

[393] Callimach. Hymn. in Jovem. v. 8.

[Greek: Hode megas keitai Zan, hon Dia kikleskousi.] Porphyr. Vita Pythagorae. p. 20.

[394] Hence Hercules was styled [Greek: Triesperos]. Lycoph. v. 33.

[Greek: Zeus treis hesperas eis mian metabalon sunekatheude tei Alkmenei.] Schol. ibid.

[395] Abbe Banier. Mythology of the Antients explained. vol. 4. b. 3. c. 6. p. 77, 78. Translation.

[396] Plaut. Amphitryo. Act. 1. s. 3.

[397] Cicero de Nat. Deor. l. 1. c. 42.

[Greek: Alla kai taphon autou (Zenos) deiknuousi]. Lucian. de Sacrificiis. v. 1. p. 355.

[398] Maximus Tyrius. Dissert. 38. p. 85.

[399] Clementis Cohort. p. 40.

[400] Arnobius contra Gentes. l. 4. p. 135. Clem. Alexand. Cohort. p. 24.

[401] Tertullian. Apolog. c. 14.

[Greek: Peusomai de sou kai 'go, o anthrope, posoi Zenes heuriskontai.] Theoph. ad Autolyc. l. 1. p. 344.

[402] Newton's Chronology. p. 151.

[403] Pezron. Antiquities of nations. c. 10, 11, 12.

[404] Virgil. AEn. l. 7. v. 48.

[405] Sir Isaac Newton supposes Jupiter to have lived after the division of the kingdoms in Israel; Pezron makes him antecedent to the birth of Abraham, and even before the Assyrian monarchy.

[406] Arnobius has a very just observation to this purpose. Omnes Dii non sunt: quoniam plures sub eodem nomine, quemadmodum accepimus, esse non possunt, &c. l. 4. p. 136.

[407] Antiquus Auctor Euhemerus, qui fuit ex civitate Messene, res gestas Jovis, et caeterorum, qui Dii putantur, collegit; historiamque contexuit ex titulis, et inscriptionibus sacris, quae in antiquissimis templis habebantur; maximeque in fano Jovis Triphylii, ubi auream columnam positam esse ab ipso Jove titulus indicabat. In qua columna gesta sua perscripsit, ut monumentum esset posteris rerum suarum. Lactant. de Falsa Relig. l. 1. c. 11. p. 50.

(Euhemerus), quem noster et interpretatus, et secutus est praeter caeteros, Ennius. Cicero de Nat. Deor. l. 1. c. 42.

[408] Lactantius de Falsa Relig. l. 1. c. 11. p. 52.

[409] Varro apud Solinum. c. 16.

[410] Epiphanius in Ancorato. p. 108.

Cyril. contra Julianum. l. 10. p. 342. See Scholia upon Lycophron. v. 1194.

[411] Callimach. Hymn. in Jovem. v. 6.

[412] [Greek: Taphon theas axion]. Pausan. l. 2. p. 161.

[413] Diodor. Sicul. l. 1. p. 23. [Greek: Taphenai legousi ten Isin en Memphei.]

Osiris buried at Memphis, and at Nusa. Diodorus above. Also at Byblus in Phenicia.

[Greek: Eisi de enioi Bublion, hoi legousi para sphisi tethaphthai ton Osirin ton Aiguption.] Lucian. de Syria Dea. v. 2. p. 879.

[Greek: Ta men oun peri tes taphes ton Theon touton diaphoneitai para tois pleistois.] Diodor. l. 1. p. 24.

[414] Procopius [Greek: peri ktismaton]. l. 6. c. 1. p. 109.

[Greek: Aiguptioi te gar Osiridos pollachou thekas, hosper eiretai, deiknuousi.] Plutarch. Isis et Osiris. p. 358. He mentions [Greek: pollous Osiridos taphous en Aiguptoi.] Ibid. p. 359.

[415] L. 1. p. 79. [Greek: Peri tes Bousiridos xenoktonias para tois Hellesin enischusai ton muthon; ou tou Basileos onomazomenou Bousiridos, alla tou Osiridos taphou tauten echontos ten prosegorian kata ten ton enchorion dialekton.] Strabo likewise says, that there was no such king as Busiris. l. 17. p. 1154.

[416] Bou-Sehor and Uch-Sehor are precisely of the same purport, and signify the great Lord of day.

[417] Pausanias. l. 2. p. 144.

[418] Altis, Baaltis, Orontis, Opheltis, are all places compounded with some title, or titles, of the Deity.

[419] 2 Chron. c. 33. v. 14.

[420] 2 Chron. c. 27. v. 3. _On the wall_ ([Hebrew: CHWMT]) _of Ophel he built much:_ or rather on the Comah, or sacred hill of the Sun, called Oph-El, he built much.

[421] Apollon. Rhodii Argonaut. l. 2. v. 709. Apollo is said to have killed Tityus, [Greek: Boupais eon]. Apollon. l. 1. v. 760.

[422] [Greek: Ton de tou Aiputou taphon spoudei malista etheasamen--esti men oun ges choma ou mega, lithou krepidi en kukloi periechomenon.] Pausan. l. 8. p. 632.

[Greek: Aipution tumbon], celebrated by Homer. Iliad. [beta]. v. 605.

[Greek: Aiputos], supposed to be the same as Hermes. [Greek: Naos Hermou Aiputou] near Tegea in Arcadia. Pausan. l. 8. p. 696. Part of Arcadia was called [Greek: Aiputis].

[423] Clemens Alexand. Cohort. p. 11. [Greek: Anestemmenoi tois ophesin epololuzontes Euan, Euan ktl.]

[424] Porphyrii Vita Pythagorae.

[425] Clement. Alexand. Cohort. p. 29.

[426] The Scholiast upon Pindar seems to attribute the whole to Dionusus, who first gave out oracles at this place, and appointed the seventh day a festival. [Greek: En hoi protos Dionusos ethemisteuse, kai apokteinas ton Ophin ton Puthona, agonizetai ton Puthikon agona kata Hebdomen hemeran.] Prolegomena in Pind. Pyth. p. 185.

[427] Pausanias. l. 9. p. 749.

[428] Ibid. l. 2. p. 155.

[429] Strabo. l. 9. p. 651.

[430] Ibid.

[431] Pausanias. l. 5. p. 376.

[432] Ibid. l. 10. p. 806.

[433] Ibid. l. 1. p. 87.

[434] At Patrae, [Greek: mnema Aiguptiou tou Belou.] Pausan. l. 7. p. 578.

[435] Pausanias. l. 2. p. 179.

[436] Herodotus. l. 7. c. 150. and l. 6. c. 54.

Plato in Alcibiad. 1^{mo}. vol. 2. p. 120.

Upon Mount Maenalus was said to have been the tomb of Arcas, who was the father of the Arcadians.

[Greek: Esti de Mainalie duscheimeros, entha te keitai] [Greek: Archas, aph' hou de pantes epiklesin kaleontai.] Oraculum apud Pausan. l. 8. p. 616.

But what this supposed tomb really was, may be known from the same author: [Greek: To de chorion touto, entha ho taphos esti tou Arkados, kalousin Heliou Bomous.] Ibid.

[Greek: Taphos, e tumbos, e semeion.]. Hesych.

[437] Strabo. l. 11. p. 779. [Greek: En de toi pedioi PETRAN TINA proschomati sumplerosantes eis bounoeides schema ktl.]

[438] Typhon was originally called [Greek: Gegenes], and by Hyginus Terrae Filius. Fab. 152. p. 263. Diodorus. l. 1. p. 79. he is styled [Greek: Ges huios exaisios.] Antoninus Liberal. c. 25.

[439] Plutarch. Isis et Osiris. p. 380.

[440] Josephus contra Apion. l. 1. p. 460.

[441] Porphyry de Abstinen. l. 2. p. 223.

There was [Greek: Petra Tuphaonia] in Caucasus. Etymolog. Magnum. [Greek: Tiphos; Tuphaonia Petra estin hupsele en Kaukasoi.]

[Greek: Kaukasou en knemoisi, Tuphaonie hoti Petre.] Apollon. l. 2. v. 1214.

[442] Diodorus Sicul. l. 1. p. 79.

[443] [Greek: Paregorousi thusiais kai prauenousi (ton Tuphona)], Plutarch. Isis et Osiris. p. 362.

[444] Diodorus Sicul. l. 5. p. 338.

[445] Plutarch. Isis et Osiris. p. 362. [Greek: Isaiakou tou Herakleous ho Tuphon].

[446] Ovid. Metamorph. l. 11. v. 762.

[447] [Greek: Enioi de hupo tou Tuphonos, hupo de Atlantos Xenagoras eireken.] Schol. Apollon. l. 4. v. 264.

[448] Hesiod. Theogon. v. 824.

[449] Ibid. v. 826. Typhis, Typhon, Typhaon, Typhoeus, are all of the same purport.

[450] Nonni Dionys. l. 1. p. 24.

[451] [Greek: Opheis--timaisthai ischuros]. Philarchus apud AElian: de Animal. l. 17. c. 5.

[452] See Justin Martyr above.

[Greek: Semeion Orgion Bakchikon Ophis esti tetelesmenos.] Clemens Alexand. Cohort. p. 11. See Augustinus de Civitate Dei. l. 3. c. 12. and l. 18. c. 15.

[453] [Greek: Anestemmenoi tois ophesin.] Clemens above.

[454] In mysteriis, quibus Sabadiis nomen est, aureus coluber in sinum dimittitur consecratis, et eximitur rursus ab inferioribus partibus. Arnobius. l. 5. p. 171. See also Clemens, Cohort. p. 14. [Greek: Drakon dielkomenos tou kolpou. k. l.]

Sebazium colentes Jovem anguem, cum initiantur, per sinum ducunt. Julius Firmicus. p. 23. [Greek: Sabazios, eponumon Dionusou.] Hesych.

[455] [Greek: Tous Opheis anestemmenoi, euazontes to Oua, Oua, ekeinen ten Euan eti, ten dia tou Opheos apatetheisan, epikaloumenoi.] Epiphanius. tom. 2. l. 3. p. 1092.

[456] Cohortatio. p. 11.

[457] Ibid.

[458] Plutarch. Alexander. p. 665.

[459] [Greek: Opheis megalous cheiroetheis epheilketo tois thiasois (he Olumpias), hoi pollakis ek tou kittou kai ton mustikon liknon paranaduomenoi, kai perielittomenoi thursois ton gunaikon, kai tois stephanois, exepletton tous andras.] Plutarch. ibid.

[460] [Greek: Tous opheis tous Pareias thlibon, kai huper tes kephales aioron, kai boon, Euoi, Saboi, kai eporchoumenos Yes Attes, Attes Yes.] Demosth. [Greek: Peri stephanou.] p. 516.

[461] Hesych.

[462] [Greek: Tes Isidos agalmata anedousi tautei, hos tini diademati basileioi.] AElian. Hist. Animal. l. 10. c. 31.

[463] [Greek: Tous Basileis--chresthai pilois makrois epi tou peratos omphalon echousi, kai periespeiramenois ophesi, hous kalousin aspidas.] l. 3. p. 145.

[464] Priscian. l. 5. and l. 6.

[465] Pausan. l. 10. p. 859.

[466] Bochart supposes this term to signify a father, and the purport of the name to be Pater magnificus. He has afterwards a secondary derivation. Sed fallor, aut Abdir, vel Abadir, cum pro lapide sumitur, corruptum ex Phoenicio Eben-Dir, lapis sphaericus. Geog. Sac. l. 2. c. 2. p. 708.

[467] See Radicals. p. 59. and Deuteronomy. c. 18. v. 11.

[468] [Greek: Echousai basilea eph' hanton ton Angelon tes Abussou; onoma autoi Hebraisti Abaddon, en de te Hellenikei onoma echei Apolluon.] Revelations. c. 20. v. 11.

[469] Revelations. c. 20. v. 2. Abadon signifies serpens Dominus, vel Serpens Dominus Sol.

[470] Daniel Heinsius. Aristarchus. p. 11.

[471] Euseb. P. E. l. 1. p. 41, 42.

[472] Euseb. ibidem. [Greek: Tade auta kai Ostanes ktl.]

[473] Herod. l. 2. c. 189. also Ptolemy.

[474] M. Maimonides in more Nevochim. See Selden de Diis Syris. Synt. 1. c. 3. p. 49.

[475] [Greek: Oubaion, ho estin Hellenisti Basiliskon; honper chrusoun poiountes Theois perititheasin.] Horapollo. l. 1. p. 2.

[Greek: Oubaion] is so corrected for [Greek: Ouraion], from MSS. by J. Corn. De Pauw.

[476] Cicero de Nat. Deor. l. 3.

[477] Praep. Evan. l. 1. p. 41.

[478] Euseb. supra.

[479] L. 6. p. 345.

[480] Strabo. l. 10. p. 683. It was supposed to have had its name from Ellops, the Son of Ion, who was the brother of Cothus.

[481] Callimachus. H. in Delon. v. 292. [Greek: Euaion], Eva-On, Serpens Sol.

[482] Athenagoras. Legatio. p. 294. [Greek: Erakles Chronos.]

[483] Athenag. p. 295. [Greek: Herakles Theos--drakon heliktos.]

[484] It is said to have been named Rhodus from Rhod, a Syriac for a serpent. Bochart. G. S. p. 369.

[485] [Greek: Entautha muthuousi tous Ophiogeneis sungeneian tina echein pros tous opheis]. Strabo. l. 13. p. 850. Ophiogenae in Hellesponto circa Parium. Pliny. l. 7. p. 371.

[486] Pausan. l. 8. p. 614.

[487] Aristoph. Plutus. Schol. v. 718.

[488] L. 3. c. 96. Strabo. l. 10. p. 692.

[489] Steph. Byzant. [Greek: Patara.]

[490] [Greek: Be d' ep' eran Dias pheugon ophiodea Kupron.] Parthenius. See Vossius upon Pomp. Mela. l. 1. c. 6. p. 391.

Ovid Metamorph. l. 10. v. 229. Cypri arva Ophiusia.

[491] They were particularly to be found at Paphos. Apollon. Discolus. Mirabil. c. 39. [Greek: Ophis podas echon duo.]

[492] Herodotus. l. 7. c. 90. [Greek: Hoi de apo Aithiopies, hos autoi Kuprioi legousi.]

[493] [Greek: Ho gar Minos opheis, kai skorpious, kai skolopendras ouresken kl.] Antonin. Liberalis. c. 41. p. 202. See notes, p. 276.

[494] Tacitus. Annal. l. 4. c. 21.

[495] In Ceiri.

[496] Strabo. l. 10. p. 746.

[497] What the Greeks rendered [Greek: Seriphos] was properly Sar-Iph; and Sar-Iphis, the same as Ophis: which signified Petra Serpentis, sive Pythonis.

[498] Herodotus. l. 8. c. 41.

[499] Strabo. l. 9. p. 603.

[500] Lycophron Scholia. v. 496. [Greek: apo ton odonton tou drakontos.]

[501] Meursius de reg. Athen. l. 1. c. 6.

[502] Apollodorus. l. 3. p. 191.