CHAPTER XX.
ADMINISTRATIONS OF HAYES, GARFIELD, AND ARTHUR, 1877-1885.
R.B. Hayes--The Telephone--Railway Strikes--Elevated Railroads--War with the Nez Perce Indians--Remonetization of Silver--Resumption of Specie Payments--A Strange Fishery Award--The Yellow Fever Scourge--Presidential Election of 1878--James A. Garfield--Civil Service Reform--Assassination of President Garfield--Chester A. Arthur--The Star Route Frauds--The Brooklyn Bridge--The Chinese Question--The Mormons--Alaska Exploration--The Yorktown Centennial--Attempts to Reach the North Pole by Americans--History of the Greely Expedition 427