Part 2

Are turn'd, and has Holes for the Pendants (which serve as a Strap) to go through.

Topsail

Are made with Shoulders, and lashed to the Low Yard Arms, in order to hall Home the Topsail Sheats.

Snatch

Has a Hole bored at the Tapering-end, and a Notch cut in the upper Part, for a Bite of a Rope to be put in.

Top

Are bound with Iron, and a Hook turned from the same to hang in the Eye-bolt of the Cap; has a Brass Shive and an Iron Pin, through which Block, the Pendant of the Toprope goes for getting up the Topmasts.

Voyal

The Shive has a Brass Coak let into it, which works on an Iron Pin, by reason of the great Strain-hove by the Voyal (brought round the Capston) when purchasing the Anchor.

Warping

Made in the same manner as the Snatch are, but lighter, with a long Iron Pin, which serves the Man that warps off the Yarn from the Winches, for a Handle to hold by.

Treble

Has three Shives, are used for Fore and Main Jeers for Ships from 100 to 80 Guns; for the Foretop Bowlines of all Rates; Mizon Jeers from 100 to 60 Guns, and Winding Tackle Falls from 100 to 40 Guns.

D^o. Ironbound

With a large Hook for the Catropes, and allowed to Ships from 100 to 80 Guns.

Bluffheaded

A Ship is said to be so, when she is built with small, or too upright Rake forward on.

Board

Elm

Is used for several Services about the Yard, on board Ships, and repairing Boats, _&c._

Firr

For sheathing Ships Bottoms, flooring their Cabbins, and making Moulds, _&c._

Board Wainscot

For building Barges, Pinnaces and Wherries; and other Uses relating to the Joyners.

Boats

Barge

Rows with twelve Oars; are allowed to the Flag Officers, as Pinnaces are to Captains.

Launces

Made use of by the Master's Attendant for transporting Ships, are built of a great Breadth, and low to the Water for the more conveniently coyling transporting Hawsers in.

Longboat

Is the largest Boat belonging to a Ship, and the strongest built, being used for carrying Water, or Officers Stores to and from the Ship.

Pinnace

All Ships are allowed one, for the Use of the Commanders.

Wherry

Are allowed to some of the Yard Officers.

Yawl

Are the inferior and smallest Boats allowed Ships.

BoatTackle Pendants

Are fastened with an Eye pretty near the Ends of the Fore and Main-Yards, with Longtackle Blocks, and through them pass the Falls which are used for hoisting in the Boat upon the Booms, or out of the Ship.

Boatswain

Is the Officer, who receives into his Charge all the standing and running Rigging, Cables, Cordage, Anchors, Sails, Boats, and other Stores by Indenture.

Bollards

Are large Posts set into the Ground, on each Side of a Dock, and to them (on docking or undocking Ships) are lashed large double or treble Blocks, through which are reeved the Transporting Hawsers to be brought to the Capstons.

Bolsters

The Smiths lay them on their Anvils, when they stretch or open Holes with Pins.

Bolts

Chain

Goes through an Eye of the Chain-plate to be drove into the Ship's Side.

Clench

When drove, are to be clench'd at each End, to keep them from starting or flying out.

Drawn

Are of a superior Length, to be cut, upon occasion, of different Lengths, as wanted.

Drive

Are used to drive out other Bolts.

Eye

Are drove into Ships Decks or Sides, for Tackle Hooks to hook in, when a great Purchase is depending.

Fender

Made with thick Heads, to be drove into Waals, to save the Ship's Sides from Bruises.

Forelock

Has a small Eye at one End, in which the Forelock is driven, to prevent starting out.

Hatch-barr

Are small ones, for fastening the Bars down on the Hatches in Time of Fight.

Ragg

Are full of Jaggs or Barbs on each Side, to keep them from flying out of the Timber into which they are drove.

Ring

Serve for bringing to the Ports, when the Bars are put through their Rings, _&c._

Sett

Are for bringing Planks or other Works close to one another.

Wrain

Has a Ring at one End for a Staff to go through, and small Holes made toward the other End for Forelocks, and are used on Frames of Ships for bringing Planks, _&c._ to the Sides.

Bolt Staves

Square Bars of Iron, cut into different Lengths, just put into the Fire, and their Edges rounded off, preparative to their being forged into Bolts of any Diameter or Size, as may be wanted in Haste.

Bonnets

Are small Sails to be laced on upon the Main or Foresails, and Jibbs of Sloops, Yachts or Hoys, when fair, or to be taken off in foul Weather.

Boom

When a Ship makes all the Sail she can, they say she comes Booming; also those Poles with Bushes or Baskets on the Top, which are placed near Lakes, to direct how to steer into a Channel, are called Booms.

Booms

Fire

Are made out of long Sparrs, and fitted with a Spud of Iron at the End, and ferril'd; their Use is to prevent Fire-ships boarding, or fending off any others that may fall on board them.

Flying Jib

Runs up the Bowsprit, from which the flying Jib sail is hoisted.

Studdingsail

Goes along the Yards, through Irons fixed on them, that when they sail before the Wind, the studding Sail being set, causes the Ship to go through the Sea with greater Swiftness.

Boom Irons

Are made with two Rings, the large one clips the Yard, and the Booms go through the small one.

Boothose Tops

Are laid on about three Strakes of Plank below the Waters Edge with Tallow, and are generally given Ships when ordered on a Cruize.

Bowles

Are allowed the Boatswain, for the Use of the Men to put their Provision in.

Bowsprits

Of the Growth of _New-England_ or _Riga_, are always wrought into sixteen Squares, before brought from thence, and are received into Store by their Diameter in Inches.

When on board, they lie steeving on the Head of the Stern, having the lower End fastened to the Partners of the Fore-mast, and a Gammoning reeved several Times through the Knee of the Head, and farther supported by the Fore-stay. It carries the Sprit-sail-yard, (Sprit-top-mast in three Deck Ships) Jack Staff and flying Jib Boom.

Bowline

Is a Rope fastened in three or four Parts of the Leech of the Sail, which is called the Bowline Bridle, but the Mizon Bowline is fastened at the lower End of the Yard.—All Sails have it except the Spritsail and Sprit-top-sail, and therefore those Sails cannot be used close by a Wind; for the Use of the Bowline is to make the Sails stand sharp, close, or by a Wind.

Bowline Knot

Is a Knot that will not slip, by which the Bowline Bridle is fastened to the Cringles.

Bowse

Signifies as much as hawl or pull, thus, hawling upon the Tack is called bowsing upon the Tack, and when they would have the Men pull altogether, they say, Bouse away.

Braces

All the Yards in a Ship, except the Mizon, has two; there is a Pendant made with an Eye, which goes round the Yard Arms, at whose other End there is a Block, through which the Brace is reeved, and their use is to square, traverse, or right the Yard, that is, to bring it so, that it shall stand at Right Angles with the Length of the Ship. The Main Brace comes to the Poop, the Main-top-sail Brace to the Mizon Top, and thence to the Main Shrouds; the Fore and Fore-top-sail Braces come down by the Main and Main-top-mast Stays, and so all the rest: But the Mizon Bowline serves for a Brace to that Yard, and the Cross Jack Braces are brought forward to the Main Shrouds, and the Mizon-top-sail Braces go through Blocks at the Mizon Peek.

Brackets

Are Pieces fayd on the Outside of the Timbers in the Head, and between the Stern and Gallery Lights, and were formerly carved.

Brails

Small Ropes reeved through Blocks, which are seized on either Side of the Mizon Course, a little Distance off upon the Yards, so that they come down those Sails, and are fastened at the Skirt of them to the Cringles. Their use is for furling the Mizon, to hawl up its Bunt, that it may the more readily be taken up or let fall. These Brails belong to Yachts, and Hoys Main-sails.

Brasses for Wheels

Are let into the Heads of Laying or Spinning Wheels at the Rope Yard, for the Whirls to work on.

Breast Hooks

Are crooked Pieces of Timber lying transverse to the Stem, which being bolted on both Sides, and also through the Stem, they thereby brace both Bows together.

Breeming

Is burning off the Weeds, Filth, _&c._ (which a Ship contracts under Water,) with Furze, Faggots or Reed, before her Bottom is caulked and graved, and this is done when in the Dock, on the Carreen, or on the Ground ashore.

Brimstone

Being mixed with Oyl, is used by the Master Caulker for paying Ships Bottoms.

Brooms

For cleaning the Ships, Store-houses, or Yards, _&c._

Brushes

Blacking

Used by the Boatswain for blacking the Ship's Yards, _&c._

Large

For cleaning Admirals, Captains and Lieutenants Cabbins on board a Ship.

Brushes Tarr

For paying Rigging, Masts, or Blocks, _&c._

Buckets

Used for drawing Water to clean the Decks, _&c._

Bucklers

Are to prevent the Water washing in at the Hawse-holes.

Buildgeways

A Frame of Timber fayd to the Outside of a Ship under her Buildge, for the more securely and commodiously launching her.

Bulk of a Ship

Is her whole Content in the Hold for Stowage.

Bulkhead

Is a Partition that goes athwart the Ship, as at the great Cabbin, Steerage and Forecastle, _&c._

Bunt

Is the middle Part of the Sail, when formed into a Kind of Bag or Cavity, that the Sail may receive the more Wind, and is chiefly used in Top-sails.

Buntlines

Are small Ropes, made fast to the Bottom of the Sails, in the middle Part of the Boltrope to a Cringle, and so are reeved through a small Block, seized to the Yard; their Use is to trice up the Bunt of the Sail, for the better furling of it up.

Buoys

Cann

Are hooped with Iron, and made very strong, in Shape of a Cann; their Use is to lie on Shoals or Sands for Marks.

Nunn

Are made tapering at each End, and filled with Rhine Hoops and some Iron, which being strapped with Ropes, are fastened to the Buoy-rope, so as to float directly over the Anchor.

Wood

Are made out of old Masts, _&c._ and hath a large Hole made at one End, through which the Buoy-rope is reeved, and serves for the aforesaid Uses: From hence the Word Buoyant, signifies any Thing that is floatable.

Burden or Burthen

Of a Ship, is her Content, or the Number of Tuns she will carry, to compute which, (according to the Rule of Shipwrights Hall) is to multiply the Length of the Keel, by her Breadth and half Breadth, and divide by 94, gives the Number of Tuns.

Burton

Is a small Tackle, to be fastened any where at Pleasure, fitted with two single Blocks, and its Use is to hoist small Things.

Ditto Pendants

Short Ropes, which at one End is fastened either to the Head of the Mast, End of the Yards, on the Main Stay, or Back of the Rudder; and at the other End hath a Thimble spliced in, or a Block to reeve a Fall through.

Butt

Is the End of any Plank which joins to another on the Outside of a Ship under Water; and therefore when a Plank is loose at one End, they call it springing a Butt, to prevent which, they are usually bolted at the Ends.

Buttock

That Part of the Ship's Stern under the Wing Transom, whether round or square.

Bow

Is the Round of a Ship's Side forward, reckoned from the After-bitts (on the Gundeck) to the Stem; if she hath a broad Bow, they call it a Bold-bow; if a narrow thin Bow, its called a Lean-bow.

Cables

Allowed a Ship for Channel Service, are distributed in this Manner, two being spliced together are called the Sheat-shot; three, the Best-bower; one the Small-bower, and one Spare; but if they go a Foreign Voyage, then they are allowed another, which is either bent to the Spare or Small-bower, and are all of one Size; and all Ships are likewise allowed a Stream, which being bent to their respective Anchors, holds the Ship fast when she rides. To serve round, or Plat the Cable, is bind about it old Rope, Canvas, _&c._ to keep it from gawling in the Hawse, _&c._ Splice the Cable, is to make two fast together, by working the several Strands one into the other. Coyl the Cable, is to roll it up round in a Ring, of which the several Rolls one upon another are called the Cable Tire. Pay or Veer more Cable, is let more out from the Ship. When two or three Cables are spliced together, it is called a Shot.

Callipers

Are for taking the Diameter of Timber, Masts, Yards, and Bowsprits, before received into Store.

Caulking

Is driving in Ocham, spun Hair, or Hemp, into the Seams of the Planks, to prevent the Ship's Leaking.

Cambring

A Deck lies Cambring, when it lies not level, but higher in the Middle than at either End: Also if the Keel is bent in the Middle upwards, they say, She is Camberkeeled.

Candles

Are used in the several Offices, by the Artificers to work at Night, in Ships Holds, for taking out their Ballast, and are allowed Quarterly to the Officers of the Ships in Ordinary.

Canvas

Used for making Sails, Awnings, Tarpawlings, _&c._

Canvas Hoses

Are for starting Water into or out of Casks.

Cap

Is a square Piece of Timber put over the Head, or upper End of the Mast, having a round Hole to receive the Mast; by them the Top-masts and Top-gallant-masts are kept steady and firm in the Tressle-trees, where their Feet stand, as those of the lower Masts do in their Steps.

Capstons

Are of two Kinds in a Ship, the Jeer and the Main. The Jeer Capston is placed between the Main and Fore-mast, and its Use is chiefly to heave upon the Jeer, or to heave upon the Voyal, when the Anchor is weighing. The Main is placed Abaft the Main-mast, its Foot, or lower End standing in a Step on the lower Deck, and its Head is between the two upper Decks. Its several Parts are thus called, the main Substance or Post is the Barrel or Spindle; the Brackets set upon the Body are called Whelps; the thick Piece of Elm at the End of the Barrel, in which the Barrs go, is called the Drum-head. The Pawl is a Piece of Iron bolted at one End to the Beams, or upon Deck, close to the Body of the Capston, to stop it from turning back, and this they call Pawl the Capston; the Use of them are to weigh the Anchors, hoist up or strike down Top-masts, heave any weighty Thing, or to strain any Rope that requireth a main Force. The Terms are, Come up Capston, (_i. e._) slack the Voyal which you heave by, in which Sense also they say, Launch or Pawl, that is, stop it from going back.

Capston Pins & Chains

Goes into the Drum-head of the Capston, and through the Barrs to prevent them flying out of the Holes.

Carreen

A Ship is said to be brought on a Carreen, when the most Part of her Lading, _&c._ being taken out, she is laid along-side of the Hulk, which being lower than her, is hawled down as low as Occasion requires, in order to trim her Bottom, to caulk her Seams, or to mend any Thing that is at fault under Water.

Carlings

Are square Pieces of Timber ranging from Beam to Beam Fore and Aft the Ship, which being supported by Scores in their respective Beams, they thereby contribute to strengthen the Deck.

Carpenter

Is the Officer charged with the Masts, Yards and Stores proper to his Province.

Carvel Work

In Boats, the Boards are fayd to lye fair to one another, so as that the Seams of Longboats and Pinnaces may be caulked without Difficulty.

Catharpings

Are small Ropes running in little Blocks from one Side of the Shrouds to the other, near the Deck; their Use is to force the Shrouds taught, for the Ease and Safety of the Masts when the Ship rowls; they are also used at the upper Part of the Shrouds, but there, worn Rope, from three and an half, to two and an half Inches is used, and do not run through Blocks, but has several turns taken in them, and are made fast.

Cathead

Pieces of Timber projecting over the Ship's Bow from the Fore-Castle at the After-end of the upper Rail of the Head, so far as to clear the Flook of the Anchor from the Ship's Side, in order to lodge it on the fore Channel, that it may the more freely be let go again to Anchor the Ship in any Road or Harbour. At one End of which Shivers are let in, in which is reeved a Fall which passes through a large Iron bound treble or double Block; and at the End of a Pendant a large Hook is fixed, and called the Fish Hook, and is to trice up the Anchor from the Hawse to the Top of the Fore-Castle.

Chafe

A Rope Chafes when it galls or frets by rubbing against any Thing that is rough or hard.

Chains

Buoy

Are used for rideing the Cann Buoys on the Shoals or Sandheads.

Pendant

Are large, one End of them being made fast to a Claw ashore, and the other to the Moaring Cable; the Ships in Harbour Ride by them.

Shankpainter

Goes round the Shank of the Anchor to support it, when hove up at the Bow.

Top

Are for slinging the Yards in Time of Fight.

Channels

Are Fore, Main and Mizon, which is Plank placed an Edge, against the upper Edge of the Waal, and of a convenient Length for such a Number of dead Eyes the Ship requires, and so broad as to keep the Shrouds from touching the upper Rails.

Channel Waals

Are wrought thicker than the Plank, and goes Fore and Aft; are placed in the Midship against the upper Deck, and shews the Sheer of the Ship; besides, is a great Strengthening to her Sides, as well as Benefit of shoreing her in a Dock.

Chambers for Pumps

Are Cast in Brass, which were used formerly, and put into the lower Part of the Pump, to prevent the Chain, when working, from galling the Pump.

Carts

Dung

Runs on two Wheels, is made close for carrying Earth, Ballast, _&c._

Rave

Runs on two Wheels, and is made open, not unlike a Waggon.

Scandaroon

Runs on two solid Truck Wheels, and is for carrying Timber.

Timber

Runs on four solid Truck Wheels, fitted with Iron Axle Trees and Brass Coaks; and on them the Timber is put out of the Hoys, to be carried to its respective Births about the Yard.

Charcoal

Used by the Plumber for melting Sodder, and by the Sail-maker for stoving Boltropes.

Chase

Signifies Pursuit.

Cheeks of the Head

Are small Knees fayd on each Side of the Knee of the Head, bracing it securely to both Bows.

Ditto for Masts

Are two pieces of Oak fayd to the Head of the Mast on each Side, to make good the Want of Firr, and also makes them stronger than if they were made out of the same Tree.

Chestrees

Are Pieces of Timber fayd perpendicularly up and down the Ship's Sides, not quite so far forward as the Fore-castle; their Use is for the Main Tack to be hawl'd through.

Chests

To hold

Arms

Small Arms.

Colour

The Boatswain's Colours, _&c._

Compass

The Compasses.

Nail

The Carpenter's Nails.

Powder

The Gunner's Powder.

Chimneys

Are made of Copper, and placed on the Fore-castle for carrying Smoak clear out of the Cook-Room.

Chyrurgeon

Is to take Care of the sick, maimed or wounded Seamen on board.

Clamps

Strakes of Plank in great Ships, on the Gundeck, eight or nine Inches thick, fayd to the Sides, to support the Ends of the Beams.

Ditto Hanging

May be fixed to any Place about the Ship's Sides for fastening Ropes to, to hold Stages for the Men to work on, _&c._

Claws

For Moarings are framed of Wood, piled and Land tyed with a Piece of thick Timber a-cross next the Water's Edge, in which is an Iron Shackle let in, for the Pendant Chain to be fixed to.

Clay

Made use of by the Scavel Men and Labourers, for filling up Dams to keep out Water, from running into the Docks, _&c._

Cleats

Are to belay small Rigging to; likewise all Yards have a Pair in the Slings to stop; the Parrell and Jeer Blocks, and a Pair at each Yard-Arm to stop the Straps of the Topsail Sheat Blocks from sliding any further on.

Clencher Work

The Boards are laid landing one upon the Edge of the other, not unlike Weather boarding, and worked so, on Deal Yawls.

Clew

Of the Sail, is the lower Corner which reaches down to the Earing, where the Tacks and Sheats are fastened, so that when a Sail is cut, goreing, or slopeing by Degrees, it is said to spread a great Clew.

Clew garnet

Is a Rope fastened to the Clew of the Sail, and from thence runs in a Block, seized to the Middle of the Fore or Main Yard; its Use is to hawl up the Clew of the Sail, close to the Middle of the Yard, in order to its being furl'd.

Clewline

Is the same to the Top-sails, Top-gallant-sails and Sprit-sails, as the Clew-garnet is to the Fore and Main Courses, and is of the very same Use in a Gust of Wind; when a Topsail is to be taken in, they first hawl home the Lee Clewline, and then the Sail is taken in the easier.

Clinch

Is that Part of a Cable which is bent to the Ring of the Anchor, seized or made fast.

Coach

Is before the Bulk-head of the Round-house or Captain's Cabbin on the Quarter Deck, when a Flag Ship, and made use of for dining in, as the Steerage is.

Coaks

Are made of Brass, and let into the Shives of Voyal Blocks through which the Iron Pin goes; and also into the Wheels of Timber Carts wherein the Iron Axle-trees work.

Coats

Are Pieces of tarr'd Canvas which are put about the Masts at the Partners, and are also used at the Rotherhead, and there called a Helm-coat.

Cocks

Furnace

Are soddered on to the Furnaces to let their liquor out, _&c._

Stop

Are used at the Cistern the Men Pump the Water into, with which they can stop any Branch or Pipe that goes to the Officers Lodgings, or the Jetty Heads for watering Ships.

Water

Are used at the Officers Lodgings, _&c._

Bosses

Are square Pieces of Brass into which the Cocks are sodder'd.

Cockpit

Is a Plat-form on the Orlop Abaft, where the Steward Room, Purser and Chirurgeon's Cabbins are built.

Cold Chissels

Are for cutting off any Bolt.

Collar

Of the Forestay is seized round the Bowsprit, the Main fastened about the Beak-head, and the Mizon about the Main-mast, having dead Eyes fixed in them, through which the Lanyards go, as well as those at the End of the Stays.

Collers

Are used by the Smiths to work Anchors in.

Colours, Ensigns

Is the Flag hoisted at the Stern of a Ship, in the Canton of which the Union is placed.

Colours

Flags

Are Colours which the Admirals of the Fleet are allowed. The Admiral carries his at the Main-top-mast-head; the Vice-Admiral at the Fore, and the Rear-Admiral his at the Mizon-top-mast-head; beside there is allowed to each Flag a Proportion of Signal Colours.

Lord High Admiral

Is a red Flag, which has the Anchor and Cable in yellow Bewper, placed in the Center of it.

Pendants

Are of different Lengths, cut pointing towards the End, and there divided into two Parts, and are hoisted on a Spindle at the Top-mast-head; and those for Yard Arms are called Distinction Pendants, and used for Signals.

Jacks

Are hoisted on a Staff at the Bowsprit End, and made in the same Manner (those for Men of War) as the Union Flags are; and those for Naval Vessels have the Arms of the Office the Vessel belongs to, placed in them.

Standard

Hoisted at the Main-top-mast-head when His Majesty is on board; when the Admiral of the Fleet hoisteth it at the Mizon-top-mast-head it is for all Flag Officers. When in the Mizon Shrouds the _English_ Flags only; and when put abroad at the Mizon-top-mast-head and a Pendant at the Mizon Peek, then the Flags and Land General Officers; when on the Ensign Staff, the Vice or Rear Admirals of the Fleet, or those that Command in the second or third Posts, are to come aboard.

Vanes

Are allowed Boatswains to put at the other Mastheads, where the Pendant don't fly.

Comeings

Are Comeing Carlings, that go Fore and Aft on the middle and upper Deck, as far as where the Grateings are; the Midship Edge has a Rabbit for the Grateings to lodge in, and the Edge is as much above the Deck, as the Deck is thick, to stop the Water. The Hatchways on the Gun Deck has Comeings round them, but Comeing Carlings is only Plank sayd flat on the Deck, so thick as to turn the Water.

Commanders

Are used by the Riggers or Seamen, with which they drive in the Fidds for Spliceing Cables, _&c._

Compasses

Azimuth