Part 8

=Thames=, river, Ontario. 42N. 82W. Victory over British by Harrison and death of Indian chief Tecumseh, 1813.

=Thompson's Island= Boston Bay. 42N. 71W. Landing of Miles Standish and party on, 1621.

=Ticonderoga=, N.Y. 43N. 73W. Unsuccessful assault by Abercrombie, and death of Lord Howe, 1758; taken by Amherst, 1759; by Americans (Green Mountain Boys), 1775, who evacuated it, 1777; Americans failed in effort to recover, 1777; English in occupation again, 1780.

=Tierra del Fuego=, S.A. 52-56S. 65W. So called by Magalhaes, the discoverer, 1520; explored by Drake and Cook. (See Darwin, 'Voyage of the Beagle.')

=Tippecanoe=, river, Indiana. 40N. 86W. Defeat on of Indians under Tecumseh and the 'prophet' (Ellskwatana) by Harrison, 1811.

=Titicaca=, Lake, between Peru and Bolivia. 15S. 69W. Ruins of older date than the advent of the Incas on its shores.

=Tlaxcala=, Mexico. 19N. 97W. Cortés has fierce battles with natives of, 1519; received by the lord of after battle of Otumba, 1520.

=Tobago=, island (Windward Islands), W. Indies. 11N. 60W. Discovered by Columbus, 1498; in possession in turns of Dutch—the first colonists—Spaniards, English, and French; ceded to England by Congress of Vienna, 1814.

=Tohopeka=, Tallapoosa R. 32N. 85W. Creek Indians defeated and their power broken by Gen. Jackson, 1814.

=Toronto=, Canada. 43N. 79W. Its name changed from York, 1834; fort taken by Americans, 1813; the 'Sons of Liberty' defeated, 1837; seat of government, 1844-56.

=Torrington=, Conn. 41N. 73W. Bp. John Brown, abolitionist (1800, hanged, 1859).

=Tortola=, island, W. Indies. 18N. 64W. Discovered by Columbus, 1494; taken from buccaneers by the English, 1666.

=Tortugas, The=, islands, Florida. 24N. 84W. So named from the number of turtles found on; J. Hawkins off, 1564.

=Trenton=, N. Jersey. 40N. 74W. English and Hessians defeated by Washington, 1776 (W. of Ind.).

=Trinidad=, island, W. Indies. 10N. 60W. Discovered and named by Columbus, 1498; Ojeda and Vespucci on, 1499; colonised by Spaniards, 1588; taken by English under Abercrombie, 1796; ceded to them by Treaty of Amiens, 1802.

=Trinity Bay=, Newfoundland. 47N. 53W. First transatlantic cable from Valentia Bay, Ireland, to Trinity Bay, 1866.

=Trinity River=, Texas. 32N. 96W. La Salle assassinated near, 1687.

=Truxillo=, Peru. 8S. 79W. F. by Pizarro, and so named in honour of his birthplace, 1535.

=Truxillo=, Venezuela. 8N. 70W. F. 1570; taken by buccaneers, 1678; Walker the buccaneer executed, 1860.

=Tucuman=, Argentina. 25S. 65W. F. 1685; Spaniards defeated by Belgrano, 1812 (S. A. W. Ind.).

=Tula=, Mexico. 22N. 99W. F. in 7th century by the Toltecs.

=Tumbez=, Peru. 4S. 79W. Reached by Pizarro, 1527, who was also here in his last expedition to Peru, 1531-2.

=Turner's Falls=, Connecticut R., Mass. 42N. 72W. Named after Capt. Turner, who defeated King Philip's Indians here, he himself being killed, 1676.

=Umachiri=, near Lake Titicaca. 15S. 69W. Insurrectionary Indians under Pumacagna defeated, 1815.

=United States.= Name given to the 13 original states in the Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776; they now number 46. (See under separate States.)

=Uruguay=, S.A. 30-35S. 53-58W. Revolt against Spanish rule, under Artigas, 1811; declares itself a part of Brazil, 1821; declares its independence, 1825; independence ratified, 1828; revolution and civil war in for many years; nine years' war in with Rosas, 1843-52; Flores dictator, 1853-4; returns from exile and seizes government, 1863; alliance with Brazil and Argentina against Paraguay, 1865; Flores assassinated, 1868; further revolutions in; Latorre dictator, 1876-80.

=Utah=, U.S. 37N. 109W. Settled by Mormons under Brigham Young, 1847; ceded by Mexico to U.S. by Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848; Mormons form independent government under name of Deseret (land of the honey bee); created a territory, 1850; admitted to Union, 1896. (See Mountain Meadow and Salt Lake City.)

=Valdivia=, cap. of province, Chili. 40S. 75W. F. by P. de Valdivia, 1551; taken by Cochrane, 1820.

=Valley Forge=, Penn. 39N. 75W. Washington's winter quarters, 1777-8.

=Valparaiso=, Chili. 33S. 71W. Bombarded by Spaniards, 1866.

=Vancouver Island=, British Columbia. 48-50N. 122W. Named after the English explorer, who was on his voyage of discovery, 1791-5; secured to Great Britain by treaty with U.S., 1846.

=Venezuela=, S.A. 1N. 60W. Sighted and named Gracia by Columbus, 1498; partly explored by Ojeda, 1499; revolt against Spanish rule, headed by Bolivar, 1813-23, when Spaniards lost their last post in, at Puerto Cabello; continual civil war in since; revolution in 1901 under Matos; blockaded by England, Germany, and Italy, 1903; Castro in power from 1907; Venezuela question between England and U.S. settled, 1899.

=Venezuela=, Gulf of. 10N. 70W. Discovered and named Gulf of Venice by Ojeda, 1499.

=Vera Cruz=, state, Mexico. 17N. 95W. Coasted by Grijalva, 1518; Cortés landed in, 1519.

=Vera Cruz=, Mexico. 19N. 96W. Original town f. near by Cortés, as Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz; defeat of Drake and Hawkins off by Spaniards, 1568; fort of San Juan de Ulua taken from Spaniards by Mexicans, 1825; by French, 1838; by Americans, 1847; standard of revolt raised by Juarez at, and 'War of Reform' begun, 1858; occupied by Allies (England, France, Spain), 1862 (revolutions in Mexico); retaken by Juarez, 1867.

=Vermont=, U.S. 42-45N. First settlement in at Fort Dummer, 1724; ceded by French to English, 1763; declaration of independence, 1777; admitted to Union, 1791.

=Vicksburg=, Mississippi. 32N. 90W. Captured after nearly two months' siege by Federals, 1863 (Civil W.).

=Villa de la Plate=, see Chuquisaca.

=Vinland.= Name given by Scandinavian seamen to the land they discovered, end 9th to 10th century—Labrador and Newfoundland (q.v.), or some think the shores of New England.

=Virginia=, U.S. 36-39N. 76W. One of the 13 original states; expedition sent to by Raleigh, under Barlow and Amadas, 1584 (see Roanoke); colony settled by John Smith and others at Jamestown, 1607; Lord Delaware appointed first governor, 1609; massacre of settlers by Indians, 1622 and 1640; 'Bacon's rebellion,' 1676; attempt by John Brown to free the slaves, 1859; seceded, 1861; western portion, which had remained loyal, admitted to Union, 1863; readmitted to Union, 1870.

=Virgin Islands=, Atlantic. 17N. 64W. So named by the discoverer Columbus, 1494; St. Thomas and St. John twice taken by English, but finally restored to Danes, 1815.

=Warwick=, Penn. 40N. 76W. First cannon made in America at W. furnace, cast by P. F. Antes and Mr. Potts, 1776.

=Warwick=, Rhode Island. 41N. 71W. Bp. Gen. Nathaniel Greene (1742-86).

=Washington=, U.S. 45N. 116W. Admitted to Union, 1889.

=Washington=, U.S. 38N. 76W. First stone of capitol laid by Washington, 1793; seat of government transferred to from Philadelphia, 1800; captured and burnt by English under Ross, 1814; President Lincoln assassinated, 1865; treaty with Great Britain, 1871.

=Waterford=, Maine. 44N. 70W. Bp. Charles Farrar Browne (Artemus Ward) (1834-67).

=Watling Island=, Bahamas. 24N. 74W. Generally thought to be the first land sighted by Columbus, Oct. 12, 1492. (See San Salvador.)

=Wauhatchie=, Lookout Valley, Tennessee. 35N. 85W. Defeat of Confederates, 1863 (Civil W.).

=West Hills=, Long Island. 40N. 73W. Bp. Walt Whitman, poet (1819-92).

=West Indies.= So named by the discoverer Columbus, who first sighted them, 1492.

=West Point=, N.Y. 41N. 73W. Arnold and André plot to betray to the British, 1780.

=White Oak Swamp.= John Smith saved from the Indians by Pocahontas, daughter of the chief Powhattan, 1607; one of the battles fought on the Chickahominy (q.v.).

=White Plains=, N.Y. 41N. 73W. Americans defeated by Gen. Howe, 1776.

=Wilderness=, Virginia. Cap. of the state till 1779; battles, 1813 and 1864.

=Williamsburg=, Virginia. 37N. 76W. First settled, 1632; defeat of Confederates after fierce fighting, 1862 (Civil W.).

=Wilmington=, Conn. Bp. Jared Sparks, historian (1789-1866).

=Wilmington= (see Fort Christina), Delaware. 39N. 75W. First Swedish colony in America, 1638; captured by Federals in their second attack on, 1865.

=Wilson's Creek=, near Springfield. Fierce battle ending with defeat of Confederates, 1861 (Civil W.).

=Winchester.= 39N. 78W. Forced retreat of Federals, 1862; defeat of Confederates, 1864 (Civil W.).

=Windsor=, Nova Scotia. 44N. 63W. Bp. J. Chandler Haliburton, historian, and A. of 'Sam Slick,' etc. (1796-1865).

=Windward Islands=, W. Indies. Name given to a group of federated islands, hitherto separate, by Act of Parliament, 1871.

=Winnipeg= (formerly known as Fort Garry), cap. Manitoba. 49N. 97W. Old trading station of Hudson's Bay Company.

=Wisconsin=, U.S. 41N. 87W. First white known to reach its borders from Green Bay was Jean Nicolet, 1634; French in, 1660; ceded to England, 1760; organised as a territory, 1836; admitted to the Union, 1848.

=Wisconsin=, river. 45N. 89W. Joliet and Marquette on, 1673.

=Withlacoochie River=, Florida 29N. 82W. District round sc. fighting and massacre during war with the Seminole Indians, 1835-42.

=Wolcott=, Conn. Bp. Amos B. Alcott, educator and A. (1799-1888).

=Worcester=, Mass. 42N. 71W. Bp. Bancroft, historian of the U.S. (1800-91).

=Wyoming=, town and territory, U.S. 41N. 104W. Massacre by Indians, 1760; town destroyed by Americans, assisted by Indians, under Col. Butler, 1778 (see Campbell's poem); state admitted to Union, 1890.

=Xalapa= (Jalapa), Mexico. 19N. 97W. Church said to have been f. by Cortés; the plant known as jalap takes its name from this place.

=Xaquixaguana, Valley of.= 14S. 71W. Halting place of Pizarro on his march to Cuzco, 1533; rout of G. Pizarro's forces by Gasca, and execution of former and of Carbajal, 1548. (See Prescott, 'Peru.')

=Xauxa.= 12S. 75W. Pizarro at on his march to Cuzco, 1533; Indians defeated at by Almagro, 1534; Pizarro entertained at by Indian prince, 1534; headquarters of Gasca, 1547. (See Prescott, 'Peru.')

=Yale College=, New Haven. 41N. 72W. F. 1700; present name given when school permanently established at New Haven.

=Yatay=, Uruguay R. Defeat of Lopez and the Paraguayan forces by the Uruguayans under Flores, 1865.

=Yellowstone National Park=, Wyoming. 40N. 110W. Region of hot springs; given to the people, 1872.

=Yerba Buena=, former name of San Francisco.

=Yorktown=, Virginia. 37N. 75W. Siege and surrender of Cornwallis to Washington, 1781 (close of W. of Ind.).

=Yosemite Valley= ('a full-grown grizzly bear'). 37N. 118W. Discovered, 1851; granted as a state park, 1864.

=Yucatan=, Mexico. 17N. 86W. Solís and Pinzon off southern coast, 1506; discovered by Hernandez de Cordova, 1517; coast explored by Juan de Grijalva, 1518; conquered by Spaniards under Diaz, 1522; became independent, 1841; rose against Maximilian, 1867.

=Yucay=, Peru. 14S. 70W. Favourite res. of the Incas; fierce encounter between Juan Pizarro and Peruvians, 1535.

=Yukon Fort=, U.S. 66N. 145W. F. by Hudson's Bay Company for collection of furs, 1847.

=Yungay=, Bolivia. Santa Cruz, with army of Bolivians and Peruvians, defeated, 1839.

=Zaran.= 5S. 77W. Pizarro at during his last expedition to Peru. (See Prescott, op. cit.).

INDEX

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

B. Bay B.C. British Columbia C. Cape Chan. Channel Conn. Connecticut Cr. Creek Dist. District E. East Ft. Fort G. Gulf Ho. House Is. Island or Islands L. Lake Mass. Massachusetts Mt. Mountain N. North N.Y. New York Pen. Peninsula Penn. Pennsylvania Pk. Peak Prov. Province Pt. Point R. River Ra. Range S. South Sask. Saskatchewan Sd. Sound St. State Str. Strait Terr. Territory Upr. Upper Vol. Volcano W. West

Those places marked with an asterisk (*) appear also in the Gazetteer.

PAGE

=Abaite=, Minas Geraes, Brazil. 19S. 46W. 89

[*]=Abancay=, Peru. 14S. 74W. 91

=Abasola=, Tamaulipas. 24N. 98W. 77

=Abbeville=, S. Carolina. 34N. 83W. 69

=Aberdeen=, Mississippi. 34N. 88W. 68

=Aberdeen=, S. Dakota. 45N. 99W. 66

=Abert Lake=, Oregon. 43N. 120W. 72

=Abingdon=, Virginia. 37N. 82W. 64

=Abittibi Lake=, Ontario. 49N. 81W. 41

=Abittibi River=, Ontario. 50N. 81W. 41

=Ableville=, Alabama. 32N. 85W. 69

=Abra River=, Philippine Is. 18N. 120E. 75

[*]=Acadia Mines=, Nova Scotia. 45N. 64W. 45

=Acajutla=, Salvador. 31N. 90W. 78

=Acaponeta=, Tepic. 22N. 105W. 76

[*]=Acapulco=, Guerrero. 17N. 100W. 77

=Acare=, Minas Geraes, Brazil. 15S. 45W. 89

=Acatlan=, Puebla. 18N. 97W. 77

=Accomac=, Virginia. 37N. 75W. 65

=Achaguas=, Venezuela. 8N. 68W. 90

=Ackley=, Iowa. 43N. 93W. 67

=Acklin Is.=, Bahama Islands. 23N. 74W. 80

=Aconcagua Mt.=, Argentina. 32S. 70W. 92

=Acton=, Ontario. 44N. 80W. 48

=Actonvale=, Quebec. 45N. 73W. 46

=Actopan=, Hidalgo. 20N. 97W. 77

=Ada=, Minnesota. 47N. 96W. 67

=Adair Bay=, Sonora. 32N. 113W. 76

=Adair Cape=, Baffin Land. 72N. 72W. 41

=Adams=, New York. 44N. 76W. 58

=Adams Mt.=, Washington. 46N. 121W. 70

=Addison=, New York. 42N. 77W. 58

=Adelphi=, Manitoba. 49N. 100W. 51

=Adirondack Mts.=, New York. 44N. 74W. 59

=Admiralty Inlet=, Baffin Land. 73N. 85W. 41

=Adrian=, Michigan. 42N. 84W. 64

=Agoapehy River=, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 23S. 50W. 89

=Agoaquente=, Goyaz, Brazil. 14S. 48W. 89

=Agua, Vol de=, Guatemala. 15N. 90W. 78

=Aguadilla=, Puerto Rico, W.I. 18N. 67W. 80

=Aguanehy River=, Brazil. 21S. 52W. 93

=Aguapey River=, Argentina. 28S. 57W. 93

=Aguarico River=, Colombia. 1S. 76W. 90

=Aguas Calientes St.=, Mexico. 21N. 102W. 77

=Agwanus River=, Quebec. 51N. 62W. 44

=Aiken=, S. Carolina. 33N. 82W. 69

=Ailsa Craig=, Ontario. 43N. 82W. 48

=Ainstie Lake=, Cape Breton Is. 46N. 61W. 45

=Ainsworth=, Nebraska. 42N. 100W. 66

=Ainsworth=, Washington. 46N. 118W. 70

=Airy Mt.=, N. Carolina. 37N. 81W. 64

=Aishihik Lake=, Yukon. 62N. 138W. 74

=Aitkin=, Minnesota. 47N. 93W. 67

=Ajuchtitlan=, Guerrero. 17N. 98W. 77

=Akamaski Is.=, Hudson Bay, Canada. 54N. 82W. 41

=Akarai Mts.=, Brit. Guiana and Brazil. 2N. 57W. 88

=Akpatok Is.=, Hudson Strait, Canada. 61N. 68W. 41

=Akron=, Colorado. 40N. 103W. 66

=Akron=, Ohio. 41N. 82W. 64

=Alabama River=, Alabama. 31N. 88W. 69

[*]=Alabama St.=, U.S.A. 33N. 86W. 69

=Alabat= Philippine Islands. 14N. 122E. 75

=Alagoas=, (province), Brazil. 10S. 36W. 89

=Alameda=, California. 38N. 122W. 72

=Alamos=, Sonora. 27N. 109W. 76

=Alamosa=, Colorado. 37N. 106W. 66

[*]=Alaska.= 64N. 145W. 74

=Alaska Peninsula=, Alaska. 58N. 155W. 74

=Alaska Strait=, Alaska. 57N. 155W. 74

=Albany=, Georgia. 32N. 84W. 69

=Albany=, Missouri. 41N. 94W. 67

=Albany=, Oregon. 44N. 123W. 72

=Albany River=, Canada. 52N. 84W. 41

[*]=Albany=, New York. 43N. 74W. 59

=Albay=, Philippine Islands. 13N. 124E. 75

=Albemarle=, N. Carolina. 36N. 76W. 64

[*]=Albemarle Sound=, N. Carolina. 36N. 76W. 65

=Albert=, New Brunswick. 46N. 65W. 45

=Albert Sea=, Minnesota. 44N. 93W. 67

=Alberta=, Canada. 52N. 115W. 40

=Albia=, Iowa. 42N. 93W. 67

=Albion=, Nebraska. 42N. 98W. 67

=Albion=, New York. 43N. 78W. 58

=Albion=, Pennsylvania. 42N. 81W. 58

=Albuquerque=, New Mexico. 35N. 107W. 71

=Alcalde=, California. 36N. 120W. 72

=Alcantara=, Maranhao, Brazil. 2S. 44W. 88

=Alcobaza=, Para, Brazil. 4S. 49W. 88

=Aldea=, Matto Grosso, Brazil. 14S. 53W. 89

=Alexander=, Alaska. 58N. 157W. 74

=Alexandria=, B. Columbia. 52N. 123W. 52

=Alexandria=, Louisiana. 31N. 92W. 68

=Alexandria=, Ontario. 45N. 75W. 49

=Alexandria=, S. Dakota. 44N. 97W. 67

=Alexandria=, Virginia. 39N. 77W. 65

=Alfonso XII.=, Cuba. 23N. 82W. 80

=Alfonso XII.=, Philippine Is. 6N. 121E. 75

=Algoinhas=, Bahia, Brazil. 12S. 39W. 89

=Algoma=, Ontario. 46N. 83W. 48

=Algoma District=, Ontario. 46N. 83W. 48

=Algona=, Iowa. 43N. 94W. 67

=Algonquin National Park=, Ontario. 46N. 79W. 49

=Alhia Peak=, Matto Grosso, Brazil. 20S. 55W. 89

=Alhue=, Chile. 33S. 71W. 92

=Allandale=, Ontario. 44N. 80W. 48

=Alleghany=, Pennsylvania. 40N. 80W. 58

=Alleghany River=, Penn. 41N. 79W. 58

=Allende=, Coahuila. 28N. 102W. 77

=Allentown=, Pennsylvania. 41N. 76W. 58

=Alliance=, Ohio. 42N. 81W. 64

=Alliston=, Ontario. 44N. 80W. 48

=Alma=, Nebraska. 40N. 99W. 66

=Alma=, New Brunswick. 46N. 65W. 45

=Alma=, Saskatchewan. 50N. 103W. 50

=Alma=, Wisconsin. 44N. 92W. 67

=Almeirim=, Para, Brazil. 1S. 52W. 88

=Almonte=, Lanark, Ontario. 45N. 76W. 49

=Alpena=, Michigan. 45N. 83W. 64

=Altagracia=, Venezuela. 11N. 71W. 90

=Altamaha, River=, Georgia. 32N. 82W. 69

=Altamura Island=, Sinaloa. 25N. 108W. 76

=Alta Vela Island=, W. Indies. 17N. 72W. 80

=Alton=, Illinois. 39N. 90W. 67

=Alton=, Missouri. 36N. 92W. 67

=Altona=, New York. 45N. 74W. 59

=Altoona=, Pennsylvania. 41N. 78W. 58

=Alturas=, California. 42N. 121W. 72

=Alvarado=, Vera Cruz. 19N. 96W. 77

=Alvarez=, Cuba. 23N. 81W. 80

=Alvena=, Saskatchewan. 53N. 106W. 50

=Alvinston=, Ontario. 43N. 82W. 48

=Alzada=, Montana. 45N. 104W. 66

=Amakjuak=, Baffin Land. 65N. 70W. 41

=Amargoza=, Bahia, Brazil. 13S. 40W. 89

=Amaro=, Bahia, Brazil. 12S. 40W. 89

=Amaroleite=, Goyaz, Brazil. 14S. 50W. 89

[*]=Amazon= or =Maranon R.=, Brazil. 0. 50W. 88

=Amazon River=, S. America. 0. 50W. 82

=Ama Zonas=, Peru. 6S. 77W. 91

[*]=Ambato=, Ecuador. 1S. 78W. 90

=Amblan=, Philippine Islands. 9N. 123E. 75

=Americus=, Georgia. 32N. 84W. 69

=Amesbury=, New Hampshire. 43N. 71W. 59

=Amherst=, Nova Scotia. 46N. 64W. 45

=Amherstburg=, Ontario. 42N. 83W. 48

=Amherst Isle=, Ontario. 44N. 77W. 49

=Amite City=, Louisiana. 31N. 91W. 68

=Amsterdam=, New York. 43N. 74W. 59

=Anacape Island=, California. 34N. 119W. 72

=Anaconda=, Montana. 46N. 113W. 70

=Anacortes=, Washington. 49N. 123W. 70

=Anadia=, Goyaz, Brazil. 12S. 51W. 89

=Anaheim=, California. 34N. 118W. 72

=Anamosa=, Iowa. 42N. 91W. 67

=Anan=, Brazil. 1N. 60W. 90

=Anauarapucu R.=, Para, Brazil. 0. 52W. 88

=Anavelhana River=, Amazonas, Brazil. 0. 60W. 88

=Ancachs=, Peru. 9S. 78W. 91

=Anclote=, Florida. 27N. 83W. 69

=Ancud=, Gulf de, Chile. 42S. 74W. 96

=Ancud=, Chile. 42S. 74W. 96

=Andalusia=, Alabama. 31N. 86W. 69

=Andersen=, S. Carolina. 34N. 83W. 69

=Anderson=, Indiana. 40N. 86W. 64

[*]=Andes, The=, S. America. 10-50S. 69-78W. 82

=Andover=, New Brunswick. 47N. 68W. 45

=Andreas=, Brazil. 2S. 70W. 90

=Androscoggin River=, Maine. 44N. 70W. 59

=Anegada=, West Indies. 19N. 64W. 79

=Angol=, Chile. 38S. 73W. 92

=Angro=, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 23S. 45W. 89

=Anguila Is.=, Bahama Is. 23N. 78W. 80

=Anguilla=, Leeward Islands. 18N. 63W. 79

=Angus=, Ontario. 44N. 80W. 48

=Anhanduy River=, Matto Grosso, Brazil. 21S. 54W. 89

=Ann Arbor=, Michigan. 42N. 84W. 64