CHAPTER V.

THE MODERN STEAM-ENGINE.

THE SECOND PERIOD OF APPLICATION--1800-1850 (CONTINUED)--THE STEAM-ENGINE APPLIED TO SHIP-PROPULSION 221

Introduction, 221; Ancient Prophecies, 223; the Earliest Paddle-Wheel, 223; Blasco de Garay's Steam-Vessel, 1543, 224; Experiments of Dionysius Papin, 1707, 214; Jonathan Hulls's Steamer, 1736, 225; Bernouilli and Gauthier, 228; William Henry, 1782, 230; the Comte d'Auxiron, 1772, 232; the Marquis de Jouffroy, 1776, 233; James Rumsey, 1774, 234; John Fitch, 1785, 285; Fitch's Experiments on the Delaware, 1787, 237; Fitch's Experiments at New York, 1796, 240; the Prophecy of John Fitch, 241; Patrick Miller, 1786-'87, 241; Samuel Morey, 1793, 243; Nathan Read, 1788, 244; Dundas and Symmington, 1801, 246; Henry Bell and the Comet, 1811, 248; Nicholas Roosevelt, 1798, 250; Robert Fulton, 1802, 251; Fulton's Torpedo-Vessels, 1801, 252; Fulton's First Steamboat, 1803, 253; the Clermont, 1807, 257; Voyage of the Clermont to Albany, 259; Fulton's Later Steamboats, 260; Fulton's War-Steamer Fulton the First, 1815, 261; Oliver Evans, 1804, 263; John Stevens's Screw-Steamer, 1804, 264; Stevens's Steam-Boilers, 1804, 264; Stevens's Iron-Clad, 1812, 268; Robert L. Stevens's Improvements, 270; the "Stevens Cut-off," 1841, 276; the Stevens Iron-Clad, 1837, 277; Robert L. Thurston and John Babcock, 1821, 280; James P. Allaire and the Messrs. Copeland, 281; Erastus W. Smith's Compound Engine, 283; Steam-Navigation on Western Rivers, 1811, 283; Ocean Steam-Navigation, 1808, 285; the Savannah, 1819, 286; the Sirius and the Great Western, 1838, 289; the Cunard Line, 1840, 290; the Collins Line, 1851, 291; the Side-Lever Engine, 292; Introduction of Screw-Steamers, 293; John Ericsson's Screw-Vessels, 1836, 294; Francis Pettit Smith, 1837, 296; the Princeton, 1841, 297; Advantages of the Screw, 299; the Screw on the Ocean, 300; Obstacles to Improvement, 301; Changes in Engine-Construction, 302; Conclusion, 303.