i. 536, 541

Hill, General, ii. 255

Hobelars, i. 27

Hoby, Sir Edward, i. 139

Hodgson, General, ii. 521

Hogarth, and the '45, ii. 136

Holburne, Admiral, ii. 305

Holdernesse, Lord, ii. 501, 535

Holles, Captain, i. 160

Holmes, Admiral, ii. 372, 499

Holstein-Beck, Prince of, i. 439

Hompesch, General, i. 440, 542

Hopson, General Peregrine, i. 347

Horne, Marshal, i. 186

Horses, armour of, i. 25; breeding of, for cavalry, 121

Houtmann, James, ii. 169

Howe, Lord, ii. 315, 325; killed, 326

Howe, Commodore, ii. 340

Howe, Colonel William, ii. 375

Howitzer. _See_ Arms and Armour

Huguenots, in Allied Army, i. 484; at Oudenarde, 501

Hundred Years' War, i. 22

Hyder Ali, ii. 471

Ilchester, Lord, ii. 290

Imhoff, General, ii. 502

India, French and English struggle for supremacy in, ii. 168-237, 406-474

Ingoldsby, Brigadier, at Fontenoy, ii. 112

Ireland, separate military establishment in, i. 283; the establishment of 1698, 389; Walpole denounces it as part of the Standing Army, ii. 18 (for differences of pay in Ireland _see_ Appendix). Cromwell's campaign in, i. 237; Schomberg's, 343; Ginkell's, 349; Marlborough's, 350

Ireton, Henry, i. 224

Irish, in Spanish army, i. 270; in French army, 432, 533; ii. 118

Iroquois, the, ii. 248

Italy, the school of war, i. 94

Jacobites, officers favoured at close of Anne's reign, ii. 3; rebellion of 1715, 5; opposed to army, 15; rebellion of 1745, 124-148; effect of organisation of Highland regiments on, ii. 300

Jacqueline of Holland, i. 66

Jamaica, conquered under Cromwell, i. 264; troops in, ii. 40, 76

James I., i. 167; influence on army, 191

James II., his military education, i. 298; concentrates army at Hounslow, 301; disaffection of army to, 303; Irish policy of, 304; quits England, 307; lands at Cork, 336; death, 399; ii. 41; North American policy of, 250

James Stuart (Old Pretender), in French army in 1708, i. 493; ii. 36

Jefferies, Colonel, ii. 294

Jeffreys, Judge, ii. 38

Jervis, Captain John, ii. 374

Joan of Arc, i. 68

John, King, army under, i. 14

John of Montfort, i. 42

John, Archduke of Austria, i. 143

John of Austria, Don, i. 270

Johnson, Sir William, ii. 260, 269, 282, 369

Joliet, ii. 247

Jones, Colonel, i. 477

Joppa, Richard the First's march from, i. 13

Joseph, Emperor of Austria, i. 540

Joyeuse, Marshal, i. 359

Kane, Colonel, i. 552

Keane, Lieutenant, ii. 206

Keith, James, ii. 10

Keppel, Commodore, ii. 271, 346, 521

Kerjean, ii. 217

Khevenhüller, ii. 89

Kielmannsegge, General, ii. 508, 550

Kilpatrick, Major, ii. 411, 424

Kingsley, General, ii. 521

Kinnear, Major, ii. 216

Kirke, Colonel, i. 306, 342

Klosterzeven, Convention of, ii. 339

Knife. _See_ Arms and Armour

Knight-service, i. 8

Knights, i. 10, 17, 24

Knox, Captain, ii. 449

Königseck, General, ii. 111

La Bassée, lines of, i. 513

La Bourdonnais, Bertrand, a great administrator, ii. 176; naval action off Ceylon, 180; quarrel with Dupleix, 181

La Noue, Huguenot Commander, i. 138, 143

Lally de Tollendal, Count, arrives in India, ii. 429; first successes of, 430, 433; treatment of Bussy, 437; siege of Madras, 439, 454, 457; defeated at Wandewash, 463, 470

Lambert, John, i. 239; marches against Monk, 275

Lance. _See_ Arms and Armour.

Landsknechts, i. 4, 12, 85, 87, 104; in Henry VIII.'s army, 114, 121; their influence, 135

Landwehr, the, i. 5

Langdale, Sir Marmaduke, i. 225

Las Torres, General, i. 476, 481

Lasalle, Robert, ii. 246

Law, French commander, ii. 208

Lawrence, Major Stringer, ii. 157, 192, 195, 209, 217; action at Golden Rock, 224-226, 315, 437

Leake, Admiral, i. 448, 459, 482

Leeward Islands, troops in, ii. 41

Leicester, Robert Dudley, Earl of, commands British forces in Low Countries, i. 146; resigns, 150

Leopold, Emperor of Austria, treachery to Marlborough, i. 490

Leopold, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, ii. 51

Leslie, Sir Alexander (afterwards Earl of Leven), i. 173; commands Scots at Stralsund, 178, 195; and at Marston Moor, 206

Leslie, David, i. 206; commands Scots at Dunbar, 240

Levellers, i. 235

Lévis, French commander in Canada, ii. 384, 390, 395, 400

Lieutenant, origin of, i. 94, 135

Ligonier, General, Lord, ii. 108, 123, 149, 153, 162, 288, 308, 585

Lippe-Bückeburg, Count of, ii. 496, 514, 546

Lisle, Lord, i. 72

Littler, Sergeant, brave exploit at Lille, i. 505, 572

Lock, Matthew, i. 312

Lockhart, General William, i. 269

Lord High Admiral, marines placed under, i. 581

L'Orient, descent upon, ii. 259

Los Arcos, Duke of, i. 481

Lottum, Count, i. 502, 507; at Malplaquet, 519

Loudon, Lord, ii. 128, 143, 289, 296, 304, 314, 547

Louis VI., i. 10

Louis XI., i. 93

Louis XII., i. 93

Louis XIV., i. 295, 355; war with allies, 358-380; accepts Spanish crown for his grandson, 397; recognises Pretender, 399; effect of Blenheim, 450, 481; tries to make peace, 512

Louis of Nassau, i. 152

Louisburg, ii. 256, 258, 266

Louvain taken by Marlborough, ii. 473

Louvois, i. 313, 366, 369

Lovat, Lord, ii. 49, 127

Lowestoft, naval action off, i. 294

Lowther, Colonel, ii. 58

Lückner, General, ii. 505, 549

Lumley, General, i. 426, 437

Luxemberg, Marshal, i. 296, 356, 360, 369; at Landen, 372-377, 453, 467, 526

Macbean, Captain, at Minden, ii. 491

Macdonald, of Glengarry, ii. 126

Macdonald, of Keppoch, ii. 126

Macdonald, Sir John, ii. 125

Machiavelli's Treatise on War, i. 106

Mackay, Sir Donald, i. 174; at Killiecrankie, 339; killed at Steenkirk, 364

Macleane, Captain, ii. 449

Madagascar, French settle at, ii. 172

Madras, in 18th century, ii. 180; siege of (1746), 181; restored at Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, 191; siege of (1758), 438

Maestricht, ii. 183

Mahmoud, Sultan, invades India, ii. 167

Mahrattas, ii. 168, 178; as British allies, 202

Maillebois, Marshal, ii. 85

Maissin, French commander in India, ii. 408

Malines, i. 473

Mansfeld, Count Ernest, i. 174

Maphuze Khan (son of Nabob of Carnatic, 1746), ii. 182

Mardyck, captured by Turenne, i. 268

Margaret of Anjou, i. 73

Maria Theresa, ii. 80, 105, 156

Marines, first established, i. 387, 484, 511; placed under Lord High Admiral, 581; augmented in 1739, ii. 58; and in 1757, 301

Marischal, Lord, ii. 9

Marlborough, John Churchill, Duke of, i. 296:-- 1672, Colonel of the Second Foot, i. 297 1688, swears fealty to James, i. 306 1690, 334; capture of Cork and Kinsale, 350; dismissed by William III., 359 1694, The Brest scandal, 377 1702, Captain-General, 402; operations on the Meuse, 403-408 1703, campaign spoilt by Dutch, 409-414; Marlborough and Eugene, 416 1704, march to Bonn, 419; outwits the French, 420; the Schellenberg, 423; Donauwörth, 427; junction with Eugene, 430; decides to give battle, 432; advance on Blenheim, 433; the battle, 434-446 1705, faithlessness of his allies, 451; passage of the Dyle, 455; campaign again ruined by Dutch, 457 1706, preparations for campaign, 464-466; Ramillies, 467-473; capture of Menin and Dendermond, 474 1707, a tame campaign, 491 1708, concentrates at Hal, 493; marches after French, 494; attack of fever, 495; Oudenarde, 497-500; encamps on the Lys, 502; plan of invading France, 503; siege of Lille, 503; Wynendale, 509; invests Ghent, 510; capture of Minorca due to him, 511 1709, beginning of opposition to him at home, 512; accused of prolonging war, 513; march on Tournay, 513; dupes Villars, 515; delayed by Dutch, 517; Malplaquet, 519-526 1710, asks to be made permanent Commander-in-Chief, 536; abuse of in England, 538; threatens to resign, 539 1711, his last campaign, 540; brilliancy of his tactics, 543; penetrates French lines, 547; charged with embezzlement and dismissed, 549; Dutch deputies really responsible, 553; his patience, 493; and forethought, 589; compared with Napoleon, 590; and Wellington, 572; his reforms, 557, 575; upholds purchase, 579; Master-General of Ordnance, 584; a great artillerist, 587; his character and work, 587-591; return to England, ii. 4; induced to resume his appointments, 5; his death, 10; his funeral, 11-13

Marlborough, Charles Churchill, 2nd Duke of, ii. 288, 295, 340

Marlborough, Duchess of, ii. 536, 538

Maroons, ii. 40

Marsin, General, i. 418, 429, 432

Martin, François, ii. 174

Martinique, taken from French, ii. 541

Mary, Queen, army legislation under, i. 125; her kindness to soldiers, 329

Masham, Mrs., i. 536

Massachusetts, ii. 244, 252, 257, 441

Masulipatam, taken by French, ii. 169; stormed by Forde, ii. 449

Maubeuge, i. 516

Maurice of Nassau, i. 3, 152, 153; captures Oudenberg, 160; Nieuport, 161, 165; famous Englishmen in his army, 169; a great engineer, 184; ii. 249

Maurice, Prince (brother of Rupert), i. 169, 202

Mauritius, French colonisation of, ii. 176

Mauvillon, opinion of British troops quoted, ii. 517, 588

Maximilian I., i. 85-92

Maxwell, Colonel, commands grenadiers at Warburg, ii. 512

Mazarin, Cardinal, i. 266

Men-at-Arms, i. 25, 37, 41; decay of, 117, 125

Mendoza, i. 139

Menin, i. 513

Middleton, Earl of, ii. 252

Military Hospitals, Kilmainham, i. 328; Chelsea, 329, 579

Military music, band copied from Saracens, i. 14; the drum, 14; trumpets, 14, 30; trumpet calls, 105; drum-beat of the landsknechts, 91; bands encouraged by Henry VIII., 124; duties of trumpeters and drummers, 153; drum calls, 214; Lillibulero, 305; black drummers in India, ii. 450; regimental bands in 18th century, 583

Military pamphlets, i. 136-139, 214

Military punishments, i. 250; the wooden horse, 281; flogging with the cat, ii. 32-34; picketting, 569

Militia, developed from fyrd, i. 12, 123; decay of under Stuarts, 194; reorganised under Charles II., 292; in colonies, ii. 39; Militia Acts, 288, 299, 301; increased under George III., 521

Milton, John, affected by military spirit of his time, i. 279

Minorca, taken by English, i. 511; garrison at, 561; question of governing, ii. 42; loss of, 291

Miosson River, i. 40

Mitchelburne, Colonel, i. 410

Modyford, Colonel Thomas, i. 258

Moguls, Indian invasion of in 1193, ii. 167

Mohammed Ali (Nabob of Carnatic, 1752), ii. 196, 198, 215, 218

Molesworth, Captain, A.D.C. to Marlborough, i. 470

Monckton, Colonel, ii. 270, 282, 321, 360, 499; commands troops in West Indies, 539, 570

Monk, George, Duke of Albemarle, volunteer in Low Countries, i. 169; in Parliamentary Army, 211, 239; as a sailor, 249; his reduction of the Highlands, 252; genius in mountain warfare, 254; his policy after Cromwell's death, 275; brings back Charles II., 277; his scheme for disbandment of army, 290; first Commander-in-Chief after Restoration, 308; death, 309, 325

Monmouth, James, Duke of, serves under Turenne, i. 296; insurrection of, 299; ii. 38

Monro, Colonel, ii. 306

Mons, ii. 121, 150

Monstrelet, i. 24, 63

Montcalm, Marquis of, ii. 297, 305, 327

Montecuculi, ii. 279

Montjuich, i. 460

Montrose, Marquis of, victory at Auldearn, i. 223; other successes, 228

Moore, Commodore, ii. 347

Mordaunt, Lord, i. 425

Mordaunt, Sir Henry, ii. 307

Moreton, Colonel, ii. 58

Morgan, Sir Thomas, i. 141, 252, 267, 274, 353

Morpeth, Lord, ii. 20

Morse, Mr., ii. 180

Mortiz, Ali (Nabob of Carnatic, 1742), ii. 176, 179, 223

Mothe, Count de la, i. 412

Munden, Colonel, i. 425; ii. 11

Munro, Hector, i. 176

Munro, Robert, i. 174, 193, 304

Murray, Lord George, ii. 127, 133

Murray, James, Brigadier, under Wolf, ii. 361; at Quebec, 385, 390; defeated at Sainte Foy, 394; advance on Montreal, 397; vote of thanks to, 498, 570

Murzapha Jung (Viceroy of Deccan, 1743), ii. 193, 197

Musket. _See_ Arms and Armour

Mutiny Acts, first Act, i. 335; under William III., 348; not renewed in 1699, 387; the Act of 1701, 400; of 1703, 563, 570; ii. 5, 18; inns only quarter allowed under, 22; opposition to, 261; new clause added to in 1741, 562

Nantes, Edict of, i. 307

Nasir Jung (claimant to Deccan, 1748), ii. 193, 195

Nassau, Prince of, i. 402

Natzmar, General, commands Prussian cavalry at Oudenarde, i. 499

Nebel, River, i. 433

Neipperg, Marshal, ii. 90, 99

Nell Gwynne founds Chelsea Hospital, i. 329

New Jersey, ii. 257

New Model, i. 3, 208, 214-223; effects of first felt at Naseby, 227; soldiers rebel against disbandment of, 232-235; its work, 277

New Plymouth, ii. 243

New York, British troops in, i. 560; ii. 41, 245, 257

Newcastle, Duke of, ii. 21, 60; letters to, 62; responsible for Spanish Main disaster, 78, 136, 259, 268, 286; indignation against, ii. 298; resignation of, 299

Niagara, expedition against, ii. 284

Nicolls, Colonel, ii. 245

Nimeguen, i. 401

Nizam Ali, ii. 457

Nizam-ul-Mulk (Viceroy of the Deccan), ii. 176, 193

Noailles, Marshal, ii. 89; commands French at Dettingen, 93

Norfolk, Duke of, Yorkist leader, i. 74

Normandy, lost to English, i. 70

Norris, Sir John, his volunteers, i. 143; serves under Leicester, 147, 151

North America, our colonies in, ii. 254; our struggle with France for:-- before Aix-la-Chapelle, 246-260; after Aix-la-Chapelle, 263-288; from 1756, 296 _et seq_; reverts to British, 306; Pitt's organisation of war in, 314; expedition against Quebec, 329; conquest of Canada, 360-405

North, Lord, i. 148

Nova Scotia, garrisons at, ii. 42, 243, 263

Noyelles, Count of, i. 453

Oberglau, i. 433

Ogle, Admiral, Sir Chaloner, ii. 64

Ogle, Sir John, i. 192

Okey, Colonel John, i. 256

Opdam, General, i. 404, 413

Orange, Prince of, i. 520; at Malplaquet, 522, 526

Ordnance, Office of, i. 111, 309, 328; Marlborough, Master-General of, 584, ii. 44, 563, 571

Orkney, Lord, i. 472, 515, 519, ii. 53

Ormonde, Duke of, i. 407; appointed Commander-in-Chief in Marlborough's place, 549, 572,