Part 14

On 23 June, 1795, a portion of the Channel fleet under Admiral Hood attacked a part of the Brest fleet under Vice-Admiral Villaret, off Port d'Orient. The enemy was obliged to seek shelter in their port, with the loss of three ships and 228 guns.

535. French Expedition to Bantry Bay, 1797. _Obv._ Within wreath, FRIENDLY ASSOCIATION. BANTRY GARRISON; in centre, crown. _Rev._ Ships in storm. AFFLAVIT DEUS ET DISSIPANTUR; in ex., JAN. MDCCXCVII. MOSSOP. Copper. Size 1·55. By W. Mossop.

After the successes of Bonaparte, the Directory determined to make a descent upon Ireland. The expedition, consisting of 17 sail of the line and 13 frigates and transports, conveying 20,000 men, set sail from Brest 19 Dec. 1796. The fleet was scattered by a severe storm, and only a few ships reached Bantry Bay 24 Dec., and these returned without making any attempt to land.

536. Engagement off Cape St. Vincent, 1797. _Obv._ Bust of Jervis l., in naval uniform, &c. JOHN JERVIS EARL OF S^T VINCENT ADMIRAL OF THE WHITE. BORN JANUARY 26 1735; on arm, HANCOCK. _Rev._ Spain seated r. on rock, weeping, leaning on shield; in the distance, naval battle. Inscription giving number of ships engaged and captured; and in ex., FEBRUARY 14. 1797. P. K. Copper. Size 1·9. By J. G. Hancock.

An alliance having been entered into between France, Spain, and Holland, a joint invasion of England was projected, and fleets were equipped at Brest, Cadiz, and the Texel. The attempt was fruitless in each case: the French fleet was dispersed at Bantry Bay (see No. 535); the Spanish fleet was defeated by Admiral Jervis off Cape St. Vincent, 14 Feb. 1797; and that of the Dutch by Admiral Duncan off Camperdown, 11 Oct. 1797. (See No. 537.) For the victory off Cape St. Vincent, Jervis was created Earl St. Vincent, &c.

537. Engagement off Camperdown, 1797. _Obv._ Bust of Duncan r., in naval uniform, wearing medal, &c. ADAM LORD VISCOUNT DUNCAN ADMIRAL OF THE WHITE. BORN JULY 1, 1731; on arm, HANCOCK; below, P. K. _Rev._ Sailor nailing English flag to mast-head. Inscription with date of engagement, OCTOBER 11. 1797, and number of ships engaged; in ex., HEROIC COURAGE PROTECTS THE BRITISH FLAG. HANCOCK. Copper. Size 1·9. By J. G. Hancock.

In this engagement with the Dutch fleet the English captured 12 ships of the line, three of which immediately sank. Admiral Duncan was created Viscount Duncan of Camperdown.

538. Another. _Obv._ Bust of Onslow, three-quarters l., in naval uniform and wearing medal. SIR RICHARD ONSLOW BART. ADMIRAL OF THE BLUE. BORN 23 JUNE 1741; on arm, HANCOCK. _Rev._ View of engagement, the fleets contending in line. SECOND IN COMMAND OCTO. 11. 1797; in ex., IN THE MONARCH OF 74 GUNS BROKE THE REAR OF THE DUTCH LINE & TOOK THE ADMIRALS SHIP. Copper. Size 1·9. By J. G. Hancock.

Admiral Sir Richard Onslow was second in command at the battle off Camperdown.

539. Victory of the Nile, 1798. _Obv._ Medallion with portrait of Nelson, held by Britannia l., standing on rock near sea; in her r. hand, laurel-branch; at her side, anchor. REAR ADMIRAL LORD NELSON OF THE NILE. C. H. K. _Rev._ English and French fleets drawn up in semicircle in Aboukir Bay. ALMIGHTY GOD HAS BLESSED HIS MAJESTY'S ARMS; in ex., VICTORY OF THE NILE. AUGUST 1. 1798. M. B. SOHO. C. H. KÜCHLER FEC. Edge engraved, FROM ALEX^Ṛ DAVISON ESQ^Ṛ S^Ṭ JAMES'S SQUARE. A TRIBUTE OF REGARD. Gold. Size 1·95. By C. H. Küchler.

In the battle of the Nile, which was fought in Aboukir Bay, 1 Aug. 1798, the French fleet which had conveyed Napoleon and his troops to Egypt was, with the exception of four vessels, either taken or destroyed by Admiral Nelson, who for this victory was raised to the peerage. This medal was presented by Mr. Davison to every officer and seaman engaged in the battle: in gold, to the admirals, commanders, and captains: in silver, to lieutenants and warrant officers; in bronze-gilt, to petty officers; and in bronze, to seamen and marines.

540. Attempted Assassination of the King, 1800. _Obv._ Bust of King l., in armour and cloak. GEORGIUS III. D. G. MAGN. BRIT. FR. &c. C. H. KÜCHLER F. _Rev._ Lighted altar, inscribed D. O. M.; above, radiate Eye. REGE INCOLUMI POPULUS LAETUS; in ex., A SICARIO SERVATUS. MAI. XV. MDCCC. Silver. Size 1·9. By C. H. Küchler.

On 15 May, 1800, an unsuccessful attempt was made by a discharged soldier, James Hadfield, to shoot the King, as he was entering his box at Drury Lane Theatre.

541. Union with Ireland, 1801. _Obv._ Bust of King l., in armour and cloak. GEORGIUS III. D. G. BRITANNIARUM REX FIDEI DEF. &c. C. H. K. _Rev._ Britannia and Hibernia, with their shields, &c., grasping right hands. JUNGUNTUR OPES FIRMATUR IMPERIUM; in ex., I. JAN. MDCCCI. C. H. KÜCHLER FC. Silver. Size 1·9. By C. H. Küchler.

By the Act of Union, 1 Jan. 1801, the parliaments and churches of England and Ireland were united, and freedom of trade was established.

542. War with France: Battle of Alexandria, 1801. _Obv._ Bust of Abercrombie facing, head l., in uniform. SIR RALPH ABERCROMBIE K.B. LIEUTENANT GENERAL. _Rev._ Britannia reclining, weeping at base of monument inscribed, WOUNDED MAR. 21. DIED MAR. 28. 1801; in the distance, battle. FRENCH DEFEATED. MAR. 21. 1801. Copper. Size 1·55.

At the battle of Alexandria, 21 March, 1801, the French under Menon were defeated by the English, who were commanded by Sir Ralph Abercrombie. Abercrombie was wounded in the action and expired seven days afterwards.

543. Peace of Amiens, 1802. _Obv._ King r., holding trident and shield, crowned by Victory with palm. REGNO PACEM OBTULIT; in ex., SUPER PACE RATA DIE 27. MARTII. HANCOCK. _Rev._ View of St. Paul's. DEO GLORIAM REFERT; in ex., PAX CELEBRATA DIE I. JUNII. MDCCCII.: K. & K. H. Silver-gilt. Size 1·9. By J. G. Hancock.

The Treaty of Amiens, concluded 27 Mar. 1802, between England, France, Spain, and Holland, restored peace to Europe. A public thanksgiving was held in England, 1st June following.

544. War with France and Spain: Victory of Trafalgar, 1805. _Obv._ Bust of Nelson l., in naval uniform. HORATIO VISCOUNT NELSON K.B. DUKE OF BRONTE &c.; on arm, C. H. K. _Rev._ Naval engagement. ENGLAND EXPECTS EVERY MAN WILL DO HIS DUTY; in ex., TRAFALGAR OCT^Ṛ 21. 1805. Edge engraved, TO THE HEROES OF TRAFALGAR. FROM M. BOULTON. Silver-gilt. Size 1·85. By C. H. Küchler.

At the battle of Trafalgar the French and Spanish fleets under Villeneuve and Gravina were defeated by the English under Nelson, who was killed in the action. Twenty of the enemy's ships struck, and Villeneuve and the two Spanish admirals and 20,000 prisoners fell into the hands of the victors. This medal was presented by Mr. Boulton to every officer and seaman engaged in the battle. It was issued in silver, bronze-gilt, bronze, and white metal.

545. Peninsular War: Battle of Talavera, 1809. _Obv._ Bust of Wellington r., in military uniform. ARTHUR DUKE OF WELLINGTON. MILLS F. MUDIE. _Rev._ Victory facing, head l., giving wreath to lion, but withholding another from eagle. BATTLE OF TALAVERA. 1809. LA FITTE. MUDIE D. Copper. Size 1·6. By Mills and Lafitte.

The battle of Talavera, 27 July, 1809, was the first of the great victories of Wellington in the Peninsula. The French were commanded by Joseph Bonaparte, Victor and Sebastiani, and the Allies by Wellington and Cuesta. For this victory Wellington, then Sir Arthur Wellesley, was raised to the peerage. This is one of the series of National Medals issued under the direction of James Mudie in 1820, "to commemorate the succession of victories achieved by British arms over Napoleon." A number of English and foreign artists were employed in the accomplishment of this work.

546. Lines of Torres Vedras, 1810—1811. _Obv._ Wellington in military dress, seated l. within tent, and studying map. FABIUS CUNCTATOR. PETIT F. _Rev._ Tagus reclining l.; behind, orange-tree and tents. LINES OF TORRES VEDRAS—THE ENGLISH ARMY ON THE TAGUS. 1810—1811. MUDIE D. DUBOIS F. Copper. Size 1·6. By Petit and Dubois.

After the battle of Busaco, Wellington retired for winter-quarters into the Lines of Torres Vedras, which he entered 8 Oct. 1810; a position which Massena, who commanded the "army of Portugal," found impregnable. Wellington is naturally compared to Fabius Cunctator, whose delays baffled Hannibal.

547. Battle of Salamanca and Entry into Madrid, 1812. _Obv._ Soldiers advancing r., towards mountains, up which ascend horsemen and military train, against whom Victory l. hurls lightnings. JULY XXII. MDCCCXII. SALAMANCA. MUDIE D. _Rev._ Wellington on horseback l., receiving garland from Spaniards. THE BRITISH ARMY ENTERS MADRID. AVG. XII. MDCCCXII. BRENET F. Copper. Size 1·6. By Brenet.

After the battle of Salamanca, in which Marmont was defeated by Wellington, the latter, hearing that Joseph Bonaparte was threatening his rear, turned upon him and pursued him to Madrid, which he entered 12 Aug. 1812. The French garrison surrendered, and 180 guns with 20,000 stand of arms were captured.

548. Victories up to Salamanca and Entry into Madrid, 1812. _Obv._ Head of Wellington l., bare. LIEUT. GEN. MARQUIS WELLINGTON K.B. &c. &c. MDCCCXII. T. WYON F. _Rev._ Column inscribed with names of victories, and ornamented with shields of England, Portugal, and Spain; around base, French arms and standard. ENTER'D MADRID AUGUST XII. P. W. F. Copper. Size 1·75. By T. and P. Wyon.[39]

[39] The place occupied in medallic art in the 17th century by the Roettier family has been filled during the present century by the family of the Wyons. This family is of German origin, George Wyon, the first member who visited England, being a native of Cologne, and forming one of the suite of George I., to whose person he was attached as Chief Goldsmith. He is said to have died in the West Indies. His son George was apprenticed to Hemmings, the goldsmith of George II., and in 1772 executed for the City of London a silver cup which was presented to John Wilkes, the "Patriot." In 1775 he was engaged at the Soho mint near Birmingham, and died in 1796, leaving four sons, the two eldest being Thomas and Peter, who acted together as a firm of general die-engravers in Birmingham till 1800. In this year Thomas came to London, and was employed in the Dept. of the Engraver of His Majesty's Seals, and of which Dept. he became chief in 1816. He died in 1830, surviving by many years his son, Thomas Wyon, jun., who at the early age of 23 in 1815 was appointed Chief Engraver to the Mint, and who in that capacity executed, among numerous medals, that for the battle of Waterloo (No. 576) and also the great recoinage of 1816. T. Wyon, jun., died in 1817. His brother Benjamin was appointed Chief Engraver of His Majesty's Seals in 1831, and executed among other works the Crimea medal (No. 597). He died in 1858, and was succeeded in his appointment by his son, J. S. Wyon, who in conjunction with his brother, A. B. Wyon, engraved the New Zealand (No. 603) and Abyssinian (No. 605) medals. J. S. Wyon died in 1873, and the appointment which he held was given to his brother, A. B. Wyon. Peter Wyon, the second son of George Wyon, after the departure of his brother to London remained at Birmingham, where he displayed great taste in his designs and models for ornamental brass-work. Before his death he had the satisfaction of seeing his son William enjoying greater reputation than himself. William Wyon, the R.A., was born at Birmingham 1795, and in 1815 he came to London. In the following year he was appointed Assistant Engraver to the Mint, and in 1828 succeeded Pistrucci as Chief Engraver. In 1832 he was elected an Associate of the Royal Academy, and in 1838 Academician, this being the first instance of a medallist receiving such distinction. Besides the numerous coinages which W. Wyon executed, he produced a large series of military, academical, and private medals. He died in 1851, and was succeeded in his post by his son, L. C. Wyon, the present Engraver to the Mint, who, besides engraving a large series of national, colonial, and foreign coinages, has executed the medals for the Second Burmese War (No. 595), for Campaigns in South Africa (No. 596), for Service in the Baltic (No. 598), for the Indian Mutiny (No. 601), for Arctic Discoveries (No. 602), for the Ashantee War (No. 606), &c.

The victories in the Peninsula were Vimiera, 21 Aug. 1808; Talavera, 26—28 July, 1809; Busaco, 27 Sep. 1810; Ciudad Rodrigo captured 19 Jan. 1812; Badajoz captured 7 Apr. 1812; and Salamanca, 22 July, 1812.

549. War with America: Action between "Wasp" and "Frolic," 1812. _Obv._ Bust of Capt. James Jones r., in naval uniform. JACOBUS JONES VIRTUS IN ARDUA TENDIT. FURST F. _Rev._ Engagement between the "Wasp" and "Frolic." VICTORIAM HOSTI MAJORI CELERRIME RAPUIT; in ex., INTER WASP NAV. AMERI. ET FROLIC NAV. ANG. DIE XVIII. OCT. MDCCCXII. FURST F. Silver. Size 2·55. By—Furst.

On 18 Oct. 1812, after a short resistance the British ship "Frolic," commanded by Capt. Whingates, surrendered to the American ship "Wasp," under the command of Capt. James Jones, to whom this medal in gold was awarded. Silver medals were presented to the other commissioned officers.

550. George (IV.) Prince of Wales, Regent, 1814. Head of Prince r., laur. GEORGIVS PRINCEPS WALLIÆ PATRIAM PRO PATRE REGENS. MDCCCXIIII; on arm, I. BARBER F. &c. No reverse. Silver-gilt. Size 2·75. Plaque by J. Barber.

On account of the ill-health of George III., the Prince of Wales was appointed Regent by a Bill passed 5 Feb. 1811.

551. Peace of Paris, 1814. _Obv._ Head of Britannia l., wearing crested helmet ornamented with lion and olive-wreath. BRITANNIA. J. MUDIE DT. _Rev._ Hercules facing, wearing lion's skin, trampling on French standard and resting on club. THE REPOSE OF HERCULES. MDCCCXIIII. DROZ F. MUDIE D. Silver. Size 1·6. By J. P. Droz.

The defeat and abdication of Napoleon was followed by the Peace of Paris, signed 23 Apr. and confirmed 30 May, 1814, between Louis XVIII. and the Allies, Great Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia.

552. The Waterloo Medal designed by Pistrucci. _Obv._ Jugate busts l., laur., of the Prince Regent, Francis II., Emperor of Austria, Alexander I., Emperor of Russia, and Frederick William III., King of Prussia; on either side, Justice l., and Hercules r., seated; above, the Sun in quadriga l., preceded by Castor and Pollux, and followed by Iris and Zephyrus; beneath, Night in Biga r.; before her, the Furies; behind her, the Fates, PISTRUCCI. _Rev._ Wellington and Blucher on horseback l., guided by Victory between them; Wellington gallops in advance, and Blucher rushes to his aid; above, Jupiter in quadriga, facing, hurling thunderbolt at giants arranged in circle, PISTRUCCI. Copper. Size 5·3. By B. Pistrucci.[40]

[40] Benedetto Pistrucci, born at Rome 1784 of good family, his father being Judge of the High Criminal Court at Rome, began at the early age of twelve to study the art of gem and cameo cutting, and acquired such proficiency that before he was sixteen his works were often disposed of by dealers as antiques. In 1815 Pistrucci came to England, and two years later, upon the death of T. Wyon, was appointed Chief Engraver to the Mint, being immediately engaged on the new silver and gold coinage, having for the reverse type the St. George and Dragon. For some time after the accession of George IV., Pistrucci was engaged on a coinage for the new reign, which, having finished, he was promoted in 1828 to the post of Chief Medallist to the Mint, W. Wyon being appointed his successor as Chief Engraver. From this period till 1849 Pistrucci was engaged on the dies of the Waterloo medal, occasionally relieving the monotony of the work by the production of a large number of gems and medals, among the latter being the Coronation Medal of Victoria, a medal of the Duke of Wellington, one for the Royal Humane Society, &c. &c. He died in 1855.

This medal was executed in pursuance of an order given by the Prince Regent in 1819, who desired to commemorate the battle of Waterloo by the production of a medal of surpassing magnitude and beauty. It was intended for presentation to each of the allied sovereigns as well as to the two commanders, Wellington and Blucher; but this object failed, as Pistrucci, who was directed to execute the work, did not accomplish the task till 1st January, 1849, and Wellington then alone survived. This medal has not been issued, as the dies have never been hardened; but it has been reproduced by the electro process, of which the above is an example.

553. Duke of Wellington, 1810. _Obv._ Head r., bare. LIEUT. GEN. LORD VISCOUNT WELLINGTON K.B. MDCCCX. T. WYON JU^{R.} F. _Rev._ Victory r., on mountain, holding wreath and palm; at her side, shield, arms of St. George and Portugal impaled; at her feet, broken French standard. T. WYON JU^Ṛ FECIT. Copper. Size 1·95. By T. Wyon, jun.

Arthur, Duke of Wellington, general and statesman, b. 1769, raised to the peerage as Viscount 1809, created Marquis 1812, Duke 1814, d. 14 Sep. 1852. This medal was struck about the time of the battle of Busaco and of Wellington's famous defence in the lines of Torres Vedras, 1810—11.

554. Sir John Moore, 1809. _Obv._ Head l., bare. LIEUT. GENERAL SIR J. MOORE K.B. MILLS F. _Rev._ Soldiers defending wounded comrade against attack of eagle with thunderbolt; in background, prow of ship. DEATH OF SIR JOHN MOORE; in ex., CORUNNA. 16 JANUARY 1809. MUDIE D. COURIGUER SC. Copper. Size 1·6. By Mills and Couriguer.

Sir John Moore, general, b. 1761, served in the West Indies 1795, in Egypt at the battle of Alexandria 21 Mar. 1801, and afterwards in the Peninsular War 1808—9; killed at the battle of Corunna, 16 Jan. 1809.

555. Lord Hill, 1812. _Obv._ Head l., bare. LIEUT. GENERAL LORD HILL, MILLS F. H. _Rev._ The river Tagus, over which broken bridge; above, Victory flying r., conducting Britannia. ALMARAZ. MAY XIX. MDCCCXII. MUDIE D. GAYRARD F. Copper. Size 1·6. By Mills and Gayrard.

Rowland, Viscount Hill, general, b. 1772, served in the Egyptian Campaign 1801, in the Peninsular War 1809—1814, raised to the peerage 1814, commanded at Waterloo 1815, appointed Commander-in-chief 1828—42; d. 1842. This medal records the destruction by Hill, 19 May, 1812, of the French fortifications which covered the bridge of boats over the Tagus at Almaraz, the only means of communication between the armies of Soult and Marmont.

556. Sir Thomas Picton, 1812. _Obv._ Bust, three-quarters l., in uniform, wearing star of the Bath. LIEUT. GEN. SIR T. PICTON K.B. _Webb._ _Rev._ General Picton l., planting English flag on battlement. BADAJOZ. APR^Ḷ VI. MDCCCXII. MUDIE D. MILLS F. Copper. Size 1·6. By Webb and Mills.

Sir Thomas Picton, general, b. 1758, commanded in the West Indies 1794—1797, where he was appointed Gov. of Trinidad; commanded in Holland 1809, and in the Peninsular War, being present at the battles of Ciudad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Vittoria, &c.; killed at Waterloo 1815. This medal commemorates the capture of Badajoz, Picton and his division leading the assault on the citadel.

557. Lord Lynedoch, 1813. _Obv._ Head r., bare. LIEUT. GENERAL LORD LYNEDOCH. MODELED BY P. ROUW. MUDIE DIR. WEBB F. _Rev._ Greek warrior facing, head r., standing on battlements, holding sword and crown; in background, city in flames; before which, ships. S. SEBASTIAN. AUG. XXXI. MDCCCXIII. MUDIE D. MILLS F. Copper. Size 1·6. By P. Rouw, Webb, and Mills.

Thomas Graham, Lord Lynedoch, general, b. 1750, served in the Peninsular War 1809—1814, raised to the peerage 1814, d. 1843. This medal refers to the capture of the town and citadel of St. Sebastian, 21 Aug. 1813.

558. Lord Thurlow, d. 1806. Bust l., in hat and official robes. Copper. Size 3·1. Cast and chased. A Plaque.

Edward, Lord Thurlow, b. 1732, appointed Solicitor-General 1770, Attorney-General 1771, Lord Chancellor 1778; d. 1806.

559. William Pitt. _Obv._ Head l. R^{T.} HON^{BLE.} WILLIAM PITT. 1814. T. WYON JUN. S. _Rev._ Inscription giving date of birth and death and recording public services. Copper. Size 2·1. By T. Wyon, jun.

William Pitt, statesman, b. 28 May, 1759, appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer 1782, Prime Minister 1784—1801, and again in 1804—1806; d. 23 Jan. 1806.

560. Charles James Fox, 1806. _Obv._ Bust l., draped. CHARLES JA^Ṣ FOX. THIS ILLUSTRIOUS PATRIOT DEPARTED THIS LIFE SEPTEMBER 13. A.D. 1806. ÆT^Ṭ 57. P. W. F. _Rev._ INTREPID CHAMPION OF FREEDOM, &c. Silver. Size 2·05. By P. Wyon.

Charles James Fox, statesman, b. 1748, appointed Secretary of State 1782, Foreign Secretary 1783, and again 1806; d. 13 Sep. 1806.

561. Henry Addington, Viscount Sidmouth, 1803. _Obv._ Bust r., in court dress. HENRY ADDINGTON. CHANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER & FIRST LORD OF THE TREASURY. I. G. HANCOCK. _Rev._ Female figure holding scroll, inscribed, STATE OF THE NATION, and kneeling l. before pedestal, surmounted by figures of Britannia, Justice, and Time; in the distance, Westminster Abbey. WHO CAN WITHHOLD APPLAUSE; in ex., MDCCCIII. K. & K. Copper. Size 1·9. By J. G. Hancock.

Henry Addington, Viscount Sidmouth, statesman, b. 1757, appointed Speaker of the House of Commons 1789, Prime Minister 1801—1804, President of the Council 1805, Home Secretary 1812—1822; d. 1844. This medal refers to the peaceable state of England as well as of Europe in 1803, brought about by the Peace of Amiens, 27 March, 1802.

562. Earl of Liverpool (Lord Hawkesbury), 1803. _Obv._ Bust l. ROBERT BANKS LORD HAWKESBURY. SECRETARY OF STATE. HANCOCK. _Rev._ Female figure seated l., despatching Mercury, who holds scroll; at her side, shield; sea and ship in the distance. INTEGRITY AIDS DISPATCH; in ex., MDCCCIII. K. & K. Copper. Size 1·9. By J. G. Hancock.

Robert Banks Jenkinson, Earl of Liverpool, b. 1770, became Lord Hawkesbury 1796, appointed Foreign Secretary in the Addington Ministry 1801, Home Secretary 1804 and again in 1807, Earl of Liverpool 1808, Prime Minister 1812—1827; d. 1828. Like the previous medal, this one refers to the Addington administration.

563. William Wilberforce, 1807. _Obv._ Head r. WILLIAM WILBERFORCE M.P. THE FRIEND OF AFRICA. _Webb._ _Rev._ Britannia seated l., accompanied by Minerva and Justice, delivering message to Peace; above, angel in clouds with cross and wreath. I HAVE HEARD THEIR CRY; in ex., SLAVE TRADE ABOLISHED. MDCCCVII. Silver. Size 2·1. By Webb.

William Wilberforce, philanthropist, b. 1759, M.P. for Hull 1780 and York county 1783, procured a bill for the abolition of the trade in slaves by British subjects 25 March, 1807, and survived the second reading of the Emancipation Act 1833; d. same year. This medal commemorates the Act of 1807.

564. Lord Brougham and Vaux, 1812. _Obv._ Head r. HENRY BROUGHAM ESQ^{RE}, M.P. MDCCCXII. HALLIDAY F. _Rev._ Panegyrical inscription. Copper. Size 1·9. By Halliday.

Henry Lord Brougham and Vaux, statesman and orator, b. 1779; M.P. for Camelford 1810, for Winchelsea 1816; appointed Attorney-General to Queen Caroline, 1820; M.P. for York county, 1830; Lord Chancellor, 1830—1834; d. 1868.

565. Adam Smith, 1787. _Obv._ Head r. ADAM SMITH. 1787. _Rev._ Minerva l., holding cornucopiae and spear. Silver. Size 1·6. Cast and chased.

Adam Smith, political economist, b. 1723, d. 1787, author of "Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations," "Theory of Moral Sentiments," &c.