Chapter 12

=sábado=, _m._, Saturday. =saber=,(=sé, sabré, supe, sabido=, _pres. subj._ =sepa=), to know, learn, be able to. =sabido,-a=, well-known. =sabio,-a=, wise. =sabroso,-a=, tasty. =sacar=, to take out, draw out; rouse. =sacrificar=, to sacrifice. =sacrifiqué=, _past abs. of_ =sacrificar=. =saeta=, _f._, arrow. =sagrado,-a=, sacred; =La Sagrada Escritura=, Holy Writ. =Said-Bajá=, viceroy of Egypt (1854-1863). =sala=, _f._, hall, room. =Salamanca=, _f._, city and province in western Spain. =salgo=, _pres. of_ =salir=. =salida=, _f._, boundary; =---- de toros=, entrance of the bulls. =salir=, (=salgo, saldré, salí, salido=), to go out, come out, turn out, get out; rise (_of the sun_). =salitre=, _m._, saltpeter. =salón=, _m._, large hall; =---- de trono=, throne hall. =saltar=, to jump; blow up, explode. =salto=, _m._, jump, leap; =dar un ----=, to jump, leap. =salud=, _f._, health. =saludar=, to greet, salute. =saludo=, _m._, salutation. =salvación=, _f._, salvation, rescue. =salvo,-a=, safe. =san=, _shortened form of_ =santo=. =sanar=, to heal, recover, get well. =Sancha=, _f._, Sancha (_proper name_). =San Francisco (de Asís)=, St. Francis, founder of a religious order. =sangre=, _f._, blood. =sanguijuela=, _f._, leech. =San Ignacio de Loyola=, founder of the Jesuit order. =sano,-a=, healthy, well, sound. =santo,-a=, holy. =santo,-a=, _m. and f._, saint. =saqué=, _past abs. of_ =sacar=. =sardina=, _f._, sardine; =entierro de la ----=, a Spanish festival, like the French _mi-carême_, celebrating the end of Lent. =sastre=, _m._, tailor. =satisfacción=, _f._, satisfaction. =satisfacer, (-fago,-faré,-fice,-fecho)=, to satisfy. =satisfecho=, _p.p. of_ =satisfacer.= =se=, _refl. pron._, himself, herself, itself, yourself; themselves; one another. =se=, _pers. pron._ == le= (_when followed by another pers. pron. of 3 pers._). =sé=, _pres. of_ =saber=. =sea=, _pres. subj. of_ =ser=. =sebo=, _m._, tallow. =secar=, to dry. =sección=, _f._, section. =seco,-a=, dry. =secretario=, _m._, secretary. =secreto=, _m._, secret. =sed=, _f._, thirst; =tener ----=, to be thirsty. =seguida: en----=, immediately. =seguir, (i)=, to follow, continue; increase. =según=, according to, as. =segundo,-a=, second. =seguro,-a=, sure, steady, certain. =seis=, six. =selecto,-a=, select. =selva=, _f._, forest. =semana=, _f._, week. =semejante=, similar, like; such. =senador=, _m._, senator. =sencilla=, _f._, one-act play. =sencillez=, _f._, simplicity. =sencillo,-a=, simple. =sentarse, (ie)=, to sit down, seat one's self. =sentido=, _m._, sense. =sentimiento=, _m._, regret. =sentir, (ie)=, to feel; =--se=, to feel. =señor=, _m._, gentleman, sir, master, lord; Mr. =señora=, _f._, lady, wife, madam; Mrs. =señoría=, _f._, lordship, excellency. =señorita=, _f._, young lady; Miss. =sepa=, _pres. subj. of_ =saber=. =separar=, to separate. =separémonos = separemos nos=. =septiembre=, _m._, September. =sepulcral=, sepulchral; =lápida ----=, tombstone. =ser, (soy, seré, fuí, sido=, _past descr._ =era=, _pres. subj._ =sea)=, to be; =por no ----=, had it not been. =serie=, _f._, series, list. =serio,-a=, serious. =sermón=, _m._, sermon. =servicio=, _m._, service. =servil=, servile. =servir, (ie)=, to serve; =---- de algo=, to be good for something; =---- de nada=, to be good for nothing. =sesenta=, sixty. =si=, _conj._, if, whether. =sí=, _adv._, yes, indeed. =sí=, _refl. pron._, himself, herself, itself; themselves (_after a prep._). =sido=, _p.p. of_ =ser=. =siempre=, always; =para ----=, for ever. =sien=, _f._, temple (_of the face_). =siendo=, _pres. part. of_ =ser=. =sienta=, _pres. of_ =sentar=. =sienten=, _pres. of_ =sentir=. =siete=, seven. =Sigfredo=, _m._, Siegfried. =siglo=, _m._, century. =significado=, _m._, meaning. =significar=, to signify, mean. =sigue=, _pres. of_ =seguir=. =siguiente=, following, next. =siguieron=, _past abs. of_ =seguir=. =silencio=, _m._, silence. =silvestre=, wild, woody. =silla=, _f._, chair. =sillón=, _m._, armchair. =simple=, simple, plain. =sin=, without. =sinfónico,-a=, symphonic, symphony. =siniestro,-a=, sinister. =sino=, except, but; =no tenía sino una pierna=, had only one leg. =sintiendo=, _pres. part. of_ =sentir=. =siquiera=, even; =ni ----=, not even. =sirven=, _pres. of_ =servir=. =sirviente=, _m._, servant. =sirvió=, _past abs. of_ =servir=. =sitio=, _m._, place. =situación=, _f._, situation, location. =situado,-a=, located, situated. =soberano,-a=, sovereign. =soberbio,-a=, proud. =sobrado,-a=, excessive. =sobre=, above, on, upon, over; about, concerning. =sobremesa=, _f._, dessert. =sobresalto=, _m._, violent shock. =sobretodo=, _m._, overcoat. =sobrevenir=, (_see_ =venir=), to come. =sobrevino=, _past abs. of_ =sobrevenir=. =sobrina=, _f._, niece. =sobrino=, _m._, nephew. =socavar=, to dig. =sofocón=, _m._, box (on the ear). =sois,= _pres. indic. 2 pers. pl. of_ =ser=. =sol=, _m._, sun. =solamente=, only. =soldado=, _m._, soldier. =solejar,= _m._, sunny place. =solemne=, solemn. =solemnidad=, _f._, solemnity. =soler, (ue)=, to be accustomed, be in the habit. =solicitar=, to solicit, ask, request. =solícito,-a=, solicitous, anxious. =solimán=, _m._, corrosive sublimate of mercury; =hecho un ----=, angry, furious, hopping mad. =solo,-a=, alone, only, mere, single. =sólo=, _adv._, only, merely. =soltar, (ue)=, to let loose; =---- la carcajada=, to burst into loud laughter. =soltero,-a=, unmarried, bachelor. =sombra=, _f._, shade. =sombrero=, _m._, hat. =son=, _pres. indic. 3 pers. pl. of_ =ser=. =sonar, (ue)=, to sound, ring, chink. =sonido=, _m._, sound. =sonoro,-a=, sonorous. =sonreír, (i)=, to smile. =sonriendo=, _pres. part. of_ =sonreír=. =sonrisa=, _f._, smile. =sopa=, _f._, soup. =soplar=, to blow; prompt. =sorbete=, _m._, sherbet. =sorprendente=, rare, extraordinary. =sorprendido,-a=, surprised. =sorpresa=, _f._, surprise. =sospechar=, to suspect. =sostener=, (_see_ =tener=), to sustain, keep up. =sótano=, _m._, basement. =soy=, _pres. of_ =ser=. =Sr. = Señor=. =SS. MM. y AA. = Sus Majestades y Altezas=. =su=, his, her, its; their; yours. =subida=, _f._, elevation, ascent. =subir=, to rise, go upstairs. =suceder=, to happen. =suceso=, _m._, event, happening. =sucio,-a=, dirty. =sudeste=, southeast. =suela=, _pres. subj. of_ =soler=. =suela=, _f._, sole. =suelo=, _m._, ground, floor; soil. =suena=, _pres. of_ =sonar=. =suerte=, _f._, luck, fate; manner. =Suez=, Suez. =suficiente=, sufficient, enough. =sufrir=, to suffer. =Suiza (la)=, Switzerland. =sujeto=, _m._, subject; fellow. =sultán=, _m._, sultan. =suma=, _f._, sum. =sumo,-a=, supreme, utmost. =suntuoso,-a=, sumptuous. =superficie=, _f._, surface. =superior=, superior, upper; =escuela ----=, high school. =superioridad=, _f._, superiority. =supo=, _past abs. of_ =saber=, he learned, was informed. =suponer=, to suppose. =supongamos=, _pres. subj. of_ =suponer=. =sur=, _m._, south. =surtir=, to provide with, procure. =susto=, _m._, fright, scare. =susurrar=, to hum, buzz. =suyo,-a=, your, yours.

=T=

=tabaco=, _m._, tobacco; cigar. =tabardillo=, _m._, fever. =taimado,-a=, sly, cunning, shrewd. =tajada=, _f._, cut. =tal=, such, so, as; =----vez=, perhaps; =¿qué ----?= how are you? =talle=, _m._, figure. =también=, also, likewise. =Tamburí=, _m._, Tamburí (_proper name_). =tampoco=, neither. =tan=, so; =---- ... como=, as... as. =tanto,-a=, so much; =--s=, so many; =otros ----s=, as many others; =mientras ----=, in the meantime; =por lo ----=, therefore. =tanto=, _adv._, so much. =tarde=, _adv._, late. =tarde=, _f._, afternoon; early evening; =por la ----=, in the afternoon; =buenas ----s=, good evening. =tauromaquia=, _f._, art of bullfighting. =te=, _dat. and acc. of_ =tú=, you, yourself. =té=, _m._, tea. =teatro=, _m._, theater. =techo=, _m._, ceiling. =tedioso,-a=, tedious, tiresome. =tejado=, _m._, roof. =tejedor=, _m._, weaver. =temblar, (ie)=, to tremble. =temer=, to fear; =---se=, to be afraid. =temor=, _m._, fear. =templado,-a=, temperate. =templo=, _m._, temple. =temprano,-a=, early. =tendrán=, _fut. of_ =tener=. =tenedor=, _m._, fork. =tener, (tengo, tendré, tuve, tenido=, _imper._ =ten=), to have, enjoy, take; =---- que=, must, to have to; =---- frío=, to be cold; =---- por=, to consider, regard; =tiene diez años=, he is ten years old. =tenga=, _pres. subj. of_ =tener=. =tengo=, _pres. of_ =tener=. =tenis=, _m._, tennis. =tentación=, _f._, temptation. =tentar=, to try. =tercer=, _see_ =tercero=. =tercero,-a=, third. =terminar=, to end, close, terminate, finish. =término=, _m._, word, expression. =terreno=, _m._, territory. =terrible=, terrible. =terrífico,-a=, terrific, terrible, terrifying. =territorio=, _m._, territory, land. =tesoro=, _m._, treasure. =testarudo,-a=, obstinate. =ti=, _acc. of_ =tú= (_after a prep._), you. =tía=, _f._, aunt. =tiembla=, _pres. of_ =temblar=. =tiempo=, _m._, time; weather; =hace ----=, some time ago. =tienda=, _f._, store, shop. =tiene=, _pres. of_ =tener=. =tierno,-a=, tender. =tierra=, _f._, earth, land, district; native country. =tinta=, _f._, ink. =tintero=, _m._, inkstand. =tinto,-a=, colored, dyed. =tío=, _m._, uncle. =tirano=, _m._, tyrant. =tirar=, to draw; throw; last. =tirón=, _m._, thrust; =de un ----=, all at once, suddenly. =título=, _m._, title. =tiza=, _f._, chalk. =tocar=, to touch; play (an instrument); ring; =te toca=, it falls to your lot; =toca las ocho=, it strikes eight. =todavía=, still, yet. =todo,-a=, all, whole; each, every; everything; =con ----=, after all; =del ----=, completely. =Toisón=, _f._: =la orden de la ----=, Order of the Golden Fleece. =Toledo=, _m._, a large city in western Spain. =¡toma!= hold on! stop a moment! =tomar=, to take, eat; =--se=, to betake one's self. =tomate=, _m._, tomato. =tonelada=, _f._, ton. =tonelaje=, _m._, tonnage. =tontería=, _f._, folly, stupidity; nonsense. =tonto,-a=, foolish, silly, stupid. =tonto=, _m._, fool, simpleton. =topar (con)=, to meet. =tordo=, _m._, thrush. =toro=, _m._, bull; =corrida de ----s=, bullfight. =tórrido,-a=, torrid, hot. =torta=, _f._, cake. =tortilla=, _f._, pancake with eggs; omelet. =total=, total. =trabajar=, to work. =trabajo=, _m._, work. =trabar=, to join, connect; =---- conversación=, to enter into a conversation. =traducción=, _f._, translation. =traducir=, (_pres._ =traduzco=, _past abs._ =traduje=), to translate. =traduzca=, _pres. subj. of_ =traducir=. =traer, (traigo, traeré, traje, traído)=, to bring, carry, draw, pull. =tráfico=, _m._, traffic. =tragar=, to swallow. =traiga=, _pres. subj. of_ =traer=. =traje=, _m._, dress, suit. =trajeron=, _past abs. of_ =traer=. =trajo=, _past abs. of_ =traer=. =tramo=, _m._, flight (of stairs). =tranquilo,-a=, tranquil, calm, quiet. =tras=, behind. =trasunto=, _m._, copy, likeness. =tratamiento=, _m._, treatment. =tratar=, to treat, discuss; try, bargain, have dealings with. =trato=, _m._, treatment. =través: a ----=, across. =trazar=, to trace, sketch, draw. =trecho=, _m._, space, distance. =treinta=, thirty. =tremendo,-a=, tremendous, very great. =trémulo,-a=, tremulous, trembling. =tren=, _m_, train. =tres=, three. =trescientos=, three hundred. =trigo=, _m_, grain, wheat. =trineo=, _m_, sled. =triplicar=, to treble. =triste=, sad. =tronco=, _m_, trunk. =trono=, _m._, throne. =tropezar (con), (ie)=, to meet, come across. =tropical=, tropical. =troupe=, _French_, company of players. =trucha=, _f._, trout. =trueno=, _m._, thunder. =tu=, _poss. adj._, your. =tú=, _pers. pron._, you. =tuerto,-a=, one-eyed, squinting. =tumba=, _f._, gravestone. =tunante=, _m._, vagabond, rascal. =turco,-a=, Turkish, Turk. =turno=, _m._, turn, series. =tuvo=, _past abs. of_ =tener=. =tuyo,-a=, yours.

=U=

=ufano,-a=, proud. =último,-a=, last; =por ----=, at last, finally. =umbral=, _m._, sill, doorstep. =un,-a=, a, an, one. =ungüento=, _m._, ointment, salve. =único,-a=, only. =unido,-a=, united; =los Estados Unidos=, the United States. =universidad=, _f._, university. =uno,-a=, one; =--s=, some, a pair; _as indef. pron._, one, they, people. =Uruguay=, _m._, Uruguay. =usar=, to use, practice, make use of. =uso=, _m._, use, custom, fashion. =usted=, (_see_ =V=.), you. =usurero=, _m._, usurer. =útil=, useful. =utilizar=, to use, utilize, put to use. =uva=, _f._, grape.

=V=

=V., Vd., Vmd=. (_abbreviation for_ =vuestra merced)=, _pl._ =VV., Vds.=, you; =de V.=, your. =va=, _pres. of_ =ir=. =vaca=, _f._, cow. =vacío,-a=, empty. =vacuno,-a=, relating to cattle, bovine. =valer=, (_pres._ =valgo=, _fut._ =valdré=), to be worth; =vale más=, it is better; =no vale la pena=, it is not worth while. =valiente=, brave, courageous. =valioso,-a=, precious, valuable. =valor=, _m._, value, courage. =Valparaíso=, _m._, an important seaport of Chile. =valle=, _m._, valley. =vamos=, _pres. of_ =ir=; =---- a ver=, let us see. =vanidad=, _f._, vanity. =vano,-a=, vain. =variedad=, _f._, variety. =varieté=, _French_, variety (_in theaters_). =varios,-as=, several. =varón=, _m._, man. =vas=, _pres. of_ =ir=. =vaso=, _m._, glass. =vaya=, _pres. subj. of_ =ir=; _as interj._, come now! get along with you! =Vd., Vds.=, _see_ =V=. =veas=, _pres. subj. of_ =ver=. =vecina=, _f._, neighbor. =vecino=, _m._, neighbor. =vega=, _f._, field. =vegetación=, _f._, vegetation. =veinte=, twenty. =veinticinco=, twenty-five. =veintinueve=, twenty-nine. =veintiocho=, twenty-eight. =veintiuno=, twenty-one. =velado,-a=, veiled. =velar=, to watch. =vencer=, to conquer, overcome. =vencido=, _p.p. of_ =vencer=. =vender=, to sell; betray; =no se vende=, it is not for sale. =vendrán=, _fut. of_ =venir=. =venga=, _pres. subj. of_ =venir=. =venir, (vengo, vendré, vine, venido)=, to come; =---- a las manos=, to come to blows. =ventaja=, _f._, advantage. =ventana=, _f._, window. =ventanilla=, _f._, little window. =ventrílocuo=, _m._, ventriloquist. =ver, (veo, veré, ví, visto)=, to see, look, look at, judge. =verano=, _m._, summer. =veras=, _f. pl._, truth; =¿de ----?= indeed? is that true? =verdad=, _f._, truth; =a la ----=, indeed, truly. =verdadero,-a=, true, real. =verde=, green. =verdugo=, _m._, hangman, executioner. =verdura=, _f._, verdure. =verso=, _m._, verse. =verter, (ie)=, to shed. =vertiente=, _f._, slope, declivity. =vestido=, _m._, suit, dress, clothes. =vestir, (i)=, to dress. =vete = ve + te=, _imper. of_ =ir=. =vez=, _f._, time (_only as expressing series_); =a la ----=, altogether; =cada ---- más=, more and more steadily; =otra ----=, once more; =una ----=, once; =dos veces=, twice; =tal----=, perhaps. =ví=, _past abs. of_ =ver=. =vía=, _f._, way, road. =viajante=, _m._, traveler. =viajar=, to travel. =viaje=, _m._, journey. =viajero=, _m._, traveler. =vianda=, _f._, food. =víbora=, _f._, viper. =Vicente=, _m._, Vincent. =victorioso,-a=, victorious. =vida=, _f._, life. =vidrio=, _m._, glass, windowpane. =viejo,-a=, old. =viejo=, _m._, old man. =viendo=, _pres. part. of_ =ver=. =viene=, _pres. of_ =venir=. =viento=, _m._, wind. =viera=, _past subj., first form, of_ =ver=. =viernes=, _m._, Friday. =vigilante=, _adj._, watchful. =vigilante=, _m._, watchman. =vigilar=, to watch. =vigorizar=, to strengthen. =viniera=, _past subj., first form, of_ =venir=. =vino=, _past abs. of_ =venir=. =vino=, _m._, wine. =violencia=, _f._, violence. =virgen=, _f._, virgin. =virrey=, _m._, viceroy. =virtió=, _past abs. of_ =verter=. =virtuoso,-a=, virtuous. =virtuoso=, _m._, virtuoso. =visita=, _f._, visit. =visitar=, to visit. =vista=, _f._, view, sight, prospect. =vistió=, _past abs. of_ =vestir=. =visto=, _p.p. of_ =ver=. =viva=, _pres. subj. of_ =vivir=, _as exclam._, long live! =vivir=, to live. =vivo,-a=, alive, bright; =---- retrato=, living image. =vizcaíno,-a=, Biscayan, of Biscay. =V. M. = Vuestra Majestad=. =vociferar=, to vociferate, shout, yell. =volar, (ue)=, to fly. =volver=, (=ue=, _p.p._ =vuelto=), to turn, return; =--se a=, to return; =---- a poner=, to replace. =volviendo=, _pres. part. of_ =volver=. =votar=, to vote. =voy=, _pres. of_ =ir=. =voz=, _f._, voice. =vuecelencia=, _contraction of_ =vuestra excelencia=, your excellency. =vuecencia = vuecelencia=. =vuelo=, _m._, flight. =vuelta=, _f._, turn, return; =de ----=, back. =vuelto=, _p.p. of_ =volver=. =vuestro,-a=, your. =vulgar=, common, ordinary. =vulgo=, _m._, rabble, common people.

=W=

=wagneriano,-a=, Wagnerian. =Wáshington=, a state of the United States.

=Y=

=y=, and. =ya=, already, certainly, indeed; =---- no=, no longer. =yerro=, _m._, error, mistake, blunder. =yo=, I. =yugo=, _m._, yoke.

=Z=

=Zamora=, _f._, city in Spain; =no se tomó a ---- en una hora=, Rome was not built in a day. =zángano=, _m._, drone. =¡zapatazas!= zounds! confound it! =zapatería=, _f._, shoemaker's trade. =zapatero=, _m._, shoemaker. =zapato=, _m._, shoe. =zapatón=, _m._, clumsy shoe. =zarzuela=, _f._, a kind of operetta. =¡zas!= zip! =zona=, _f._, zone. =zumbido=, _m._, humming, buzzing.

4 = cuatro 5 = cinco 6 = seis 7 = siete 8 = ocho 9 = nueve 10 = diez 11 = once 12 = doce 12.5 = doce (metros) y medio 13 = trece 14 = catorce 17 = diez y siete (_or_ diecisiete) 20 = veinte 0,20 = veinte céntimos 21 = veinte y uno (_or_ veintiuno) 22 = veinte y dos (_or_ veintidos) 23 = veinte y tres (_or_ veintitres) 24 = veinte y cuatro (_or_ veinticuatro) 25 = veinte y cinco (_or_ veinticinco) 30 = treinta 0,40 = cuarenta céntimos 48 = cuarenta y ocho 50 = cincuenta 0,50 = cincuenta céntimos (_or_ media peseta) 60 = sesenta 63 = sesenta y tres 72 = setenta y dos 90 = noventa 100 = ciento 162 = ciento sesenta y dos 220 = doscientos veinte 250 = doscientos cincuenta 300 = trescientos 330 = trescientos treinta 765 = setecientos sesenta y cinco 767 = setecientos sesenta y siete 1300 = mil trescientos 1515 = mil quinientos quince 1534 = mil quinientos treinta y cuatro 1553 = mil quinientos cincuenta y tres 1573 = mil quinientos setenta y tres 1693 = mil seiscientos noventa y tres 1854 = mil ochocientos cincuenta y cuatro 1858 = mil ochocientos cincuenta y ocho 1867 = mil ochocientos sesenta y siete 1869 = mil ochocientos sesenta y nueve 1870 = mil ochocientos setenta 1871 = mil ochocientos setenta y uno 1895 = mil ochocientos noventa y cinco 1898 = mil ochocientos noventa y ocho 1904 = mil novecientos cuatro 1912 = mil novecientos doce 1913 = mil novecientos trece 1914 = mil novecientos catorce 3,000 = tres mil 13,000 = trece mil 20,000 = veinte mil 33,000 = treinta y tres mil 380,000 = trescientos ochenta mil 3,550,000 = tres millones quinientos cincuenta mil 7,470,000 = siete millones cuatrocientos setenta mil 16,000,000 = diez y seis millones 70,000,000 = setenta millones 75,000,000 = setenta y cinco millones 131,000,000 = ciento treinta y uno millones 200,000,000 = doscientos millones 264,000,000 = doscientos sesenta y cuatro millones 300,000,000 = trescientos millones 877,000,000 = ochocientos setenta y siete millones