Part 142

pa_1 {1} still, yet: up to now, up to a specific point in the past. Natúlug pa si Pidru, Pedro is still asleep. Si Huwan pay naabut, So far only John has arrived. {1a} with measurements: only [so-and-so much] up to now. Tungà pa ug túbig ang baril, The barrel is still only half full of water. {1b} dílì, walà — {1b1} not yet. Ang linung-ag nga ságing walà pa malútù, The boiled bananas are not cooked yet. {1b2} before. Hipúsa ang libru sa dílì pa si Pápa muabut, Put the book away before Dad arrives. Sa wà pay gíra, Before the war. {2} else, in addition. {2a} with future verb: [so-and-so] will still happen. Sulatan pa nákù si Husi, I still have to write to José. {2b} with a past verb: [did] besides. Human siya sagpáa, gisultían pa ug pait, He was slapped and bitter words were said to him as well. {2c} with existential: [so-and-so] also is in existence. Náa pa bay túbig sa baril? Is there any more water in the barrel? {2d} interrogative —: {2d1} what, where, why, etc. else. Kinsa pay muadtu? Who else will go? {2d2} what, where, why, etc. could it be. Unsa pa ug dílì kwarta? What could it be if not money? Ngánu pa nga ikaw giyud? Why, oh why, was it you, of all people? {2d3} unsa, háin -y [noun]-un what [noun] are you talking about? Unsa pay radiyúhun nga dúgay nang gikáwat, What radio are you talking about when it was stolen long ago. {2e} in phrases bringing up a new subject: láin —y átù by the way, to change the subject. Láin pay átù, minyù ka na ba? By the way, are you married? mau — diay átù by the way, I just thought of it. Mau pa diay átù, wà ta kadág abridur, It just occurred to me. We didn’t bring a can opener. úsà, ísà, tayim — excuse me a second (lit. one more second). Ísà pa kay ákung pagngun ang radiyu, Excuse me. I am going to turn off the radio. {2f} in phrases meaning in addition: bísan — even ... too, despite. Bísan pa ang mga bátà giapil, Even the children were included. Bísan pa niánà, dì ku muadtu, Despite that, I won’t go! gawas, lábut — besides. Gawas (lábut) pa niánà, unsa pa may púlung níya? Besides that, what else did he say? labaw — in addition to. Labaw pa niánà tagáan tikag primiyu, And in addition, I will give you a reward. {3} [predicate] is superfluous; [do] when one shouldn’t or shouldn’t have to. Ug nagbayadbáyad pa siya nga wà man tu kinahanglána, And he was paying for it when there was no need. Sus! Ipakítà pa giyud níya mu rag dílì baratuhun, Heavens! She has to show off, as if it weren’t s.t. cheap. {3a} [do] some more so that [such-and-such] a bad thing will happen again. Nasagpaan ka. Panabì pa, You got yourself a slapping. Go on. Blabber some more. Nadagmà ka núun. Sígi, dágan pa, You fell down. Go on. Keep on running around (so you can fall again). {3b} that’s what happens when you do [so-and-so]. Minyù pa. Mu ra na kag irung panit, That is what you get for getting married. You’re no better off than a mangy dog. {3c} walà nay [doubled verb] — didn’t even do [so-and-so] though it is customary. Gipalit níya ang kutsi dihàdihà nga wà nay hangyùhangyù pa, He bought the car, then and there, without even bargaining. {3d} mau —y [verb] [so-and-so] was the case, which was bad enough, but then ... Mau pay kisì, ímu pung iuran ug sígi, nadúnut, It was already torn. You kept wearing it, so it was ruined. {3d1} mau —y [verb, adj.] ... mau —y [verb, adj.] he [did, does] and yet dared, dares to do [so-and-so] in addition. Mau pay sad-an mau pay mangísug, He is at fault, but he dares to get mad. Mau pay nangáyù mau pay mipílì, He is asking the favor and yet he is choosy. {4} [subject] is still in a group with other things mentioned. Ang íhu isdà. Isdà pa ba ang pági? Sharks are fish; are rays also considered fish? {4a} málu — nà that’s not so bad, is it? Sígi málu pa nà ug makadiyis ka, Go ahead. If you make ten bucks on it, that ain’t bad. {5} in comparisons: even more. Gwápa pa ka kang Maríya, You are more beautiful than Mary. {5a} [adj.] pay [subject] [subject] is more [adj.] than ... Lamì pay lamaw niíni, This is worse than garbage. (Lit. Garbage is more delicious than this.) Lisud pay magkaug mani, It’s harder to eat peanuts than do this. {6} in quotations, preceded by gen.: [gen.] said. Ug mau tu ang nahitabù, níya pa, And that is all what happened, he said. {6a} mátud — [gen.] [gen.] says, said. Mátud pa níla aku dílì ángay, They say I am not worthy. {6b} siya — he said. Kay na, siya pa, unsáun man nákù? Well, said he, what can I do? {6c} sa átù — in other words. Aw, sa átù pa diyis ákung ibáyad nímu, Oh, in other words, ten is what I pay you. {7} with the apodosis of a condition contrary to fact. Ug walà pa nímu kawáta, ngánung náa man nà nímu? If you hadn’t stolen it, why do you have it? {7a} [noun] —y [noun, pronoun, adj.] if [noun] were [noun, pronoun, adj.]. Aku pay Huwan, If I were John. Aku pay ikaw (aku pa nímu), If I were you. Aku pay dátù, If I were rich. Aku pa nímu, níya, If I were you, him. Kami pa ninyu, níla, If we were you, them. {7b} [predicate] —y ímu! [so-and-so] is stupendous in quantity, quality (lit. if you could only see [such-and-such]). Mais pay ímu, sus kadaghan! If you could only see my corn. My! There’s a lot. Si Pidru pay ímu, káun giyud tug irù, Believe me, Pedro will eat dog meat, and how! {7b1} [noun] —y ákù I never thought [so-and-so] was what he was. Si Pidru pay ákù may kirída diay nà siya, I never thought it was possible, but Pedro has a mistress. {7c} — lámang see lámang, 4b, c. {7d} agad, maáyu — it would be, would have been better if, it would have been good. Maáyu (agad) pa untà ug átung napintálan ang kahun úsà gawía, It would have been better if we had painted the box before we used it. Agad (maáyu) pa ug magtuun ka kay sa magkantakanta, You would do better to study than just sit around singing. {7e} hináut, básin, básun — I hope that. Hináut pang dílì muulan, I hope it won’t rain. {8} modifying a phrase referring to time: [so-and-so] recently happened, won’t happen until ... Dílì madala ug bálik ugmà, Huybis pa, I cannot bring it back tomorrow. Not until Thursday. Bag-u pa siya nga milakaw, He left just now. Gíkan pa siya sa Manílà, He is just back from Manila. Karun pa siya muabut gíkan sa Buhul, He arrived just now from Bohol. {8a1} ayhà, anhà — only then [will so-and-so] happen. Ayhà (anhà) pa siya mulíhuk ug pakit-an ug latigu, He only moves if he sees a whip. {8a2} dihà — only then [so-and-so] happened. Dihà pa siya mutuun nga hápit na ang iksámin, He only started to study when it was nearly exam time. {8b} mau —y [abstract form] or [instrumental passive] that is the first time [abstract] happened, [instrumental passive] will happen. Mau pay pagkadungug nákù niánà, That is the first time I heard that. Mau pay ilung-ag ug mudtu na, Don’t cook it until noon. (The first time to cook it when it’s noon.) {8c} [future verb abstract form] — but then when [so-and-so] was done. Dúgay nákung limpiyu sa salug. Baldiyúhan pa nákù, human dáyun, It took me a long time to clean the floor. But then when I hosed it down, it was finished right away. Pag-abri pa nákù sa subri, wà diay sulud, When I opened the envelope, there was nothing in it after all. dáan — [subject] knew [so-and-so] in advance. Dáan pa lagi ku, I knew that long ago! {9} much less [do]. Dì gánì aku makasulti, kanta pa, I cannot even talk, much less sing. Dì gánì aku makahímù niánà, ikaw pa, I can’t even do that, much less you.

pa_2 short form for pápa_1. Pa, háin man si Máma? Pa (Dad), where is Mommy?

pa_3 n fa. — mayur F major. — minur F minor. — sustinídu F sharp.

pá n k.o. tiny ant, smaller than the utitud, pale yellow in color and does not bite, found swarming over food. v [a4] for food to get pá over it. Cf. pala.

pā̀ = pálà_1.

pa- derivational verb-forming affix to which inflectional affixes are added without morphophonemic alternation. {1} referring to actions one has caused s.o. to do (either to s.t. else or to oneself). Palútù ta ug sud-an, Let’s have s.o. prepare (lútù) some food. Palutúun nátù si Maríya, Let’s have Maria cook. Ipalútù ang sud-an, Have the food cooked. Patupi ta, Let’s get a haircut (cause s.o. to cut hair [tupi]). {1a} added to adjectives. {1a1} have s.o. make s.t. [adj.]. Ipaitum ang ákung sapátus, Have s.o. dye my shoes black. {1a2} have s.t. become [adj.]. Patambúkun ta ka sa uma, We’ll fatten you up on the farm. {1b} added to nouns: cause s.o. to do [the action that verbs derived from the noun refer to]. Gustu ka ba pabakyà? You want me to hit you with a wooden slipper (cause me to use the bakyà)? Dì ku paulípun, I will not let myself be made a slave. {2} added to doubled adjectives: pretend to be. Ayaw pasakitsákit dihà, Don’t pretend to be sick! Nagpadiyusdiyusnun ang sungáyan, The devil is pretending to be saintly. {3} added to nouns: go to [noun]. Padaplin ug dì ka gustung hiligsan, Get out of the way if you don’t want to get run over. Papiliw ba ang ímung sakayan run? Is your boat headed for the shallow waters now?

páa n thigh, legs from the knees up. v [A12] obtain a thigh for one’s effort in slaughtering domestic animals. (→) v [a12] hit in the thighs. paN- n the way the thighs are. Hastilag pamáa ning bayhána. Makabúngug, My, how huge this woman’s thighs are. They’re absolutely amazing (lit. deafening). paahan n the upper leg of a pair of pants.

paagpaag a staggering, tottering walk. v [B6; c1] stagger, totter. Nagpaagpaag ang hubug, The drunk staggered in his walk.

páak v {1} [A; ab2] bite, sting. Gipáak aku sa bátà, The child bit me. Hipaakan ku sa kasag, I got bitten by the crab. {2} [b2] be caught in s.t. Hipaakan (napaakan) ákung karsúnis sa kadína sa bisiklíta, My pants got caught into the bicycle chain. {3} [A; a] charge high prices on s.t. sold. Ayaw sad kug paákag maáyu íni, Don’t charge me too much for this. {4} [A] buy or ask for a small amount of s.o. else’s purchase, just enough to meet one’s needs. Mupáak kug singkwinta stábus sa ímung isdà, Let me buy fifty centavos worth of the fish you have bought. (→) n claw, pincer of crustaceans. Paak sa kasag, Crab’s claw. pa- v {1} [A; ac] allow to bite. {2} [c] hold s.t. with pliers. Ipapaak ang twirka sa alikáti samtang hugtan ang pirnu, Hold the bolt with the pliers while you turn the screw. paN-(→) v [A13] {1} be biting with heat. Nagpamaak ang kaínit sa adlaw, The heat of the sun is scorching (biting). {2} bite one’s lips or tongue. Nagpamaak siya sa íyang ngábil sa kasukù, He is biting his lips in anger. -in-ay(→) v [C23] biting each other, kissing lovingly. Lábing kaáyu sila nga nagpinaakay, They were very loving and kept kissing each other. -in- n s.t. acquired from the things s.o. has just bought. -in-an(→) n bite. Wà muskitirúhi si Bungbung. Dì daghag pinaakan sa lamuk, Bongbong wasn’t given a mosquito net, so he got lots of mosquito bites.

paas, páas a having a tired voice, hoarse from overuse. v [B; c1] for the voice to be tired and hoarse from overuse. Mupaas (mapaas) ímung tíngug ug magsígig tábì, Your voice will become hoarse if you keep talking too much.

páaw_1 v [B12] be anxious about s.t. over which one has no information or over which one has little control. Mapáaw giyud ku níya ug wà siya sa balay sa alas nuybi, I get worried about him if he isn’t home at nine. Napáaw ang amahan kay diyútay na lang ang bugas, The father got worried because there was little rice left. ka- n {1} need of s.t. which one cannot do without. Way nakatábang sa ákung kapáaw. Wà kuy masangpit, No one helps me in my great need. I have no one to turn to. {2} anxiety for s.t. over which one has a great concern.

páaw_2 = pálaw.

pabalúnan see bálun.

pabhas = pahubas, n, v1. see hubas.

pabílu n {1} wick of a lamp. {1a} drainage, sterile gauze inserted into a wound. {1b} fuse of dynamite. {2} cause, agent of intensity. Siya ang pabílu sa kasámuk sa ámung balay, She is the cause of the troubles in our house. v {1} [A; b6(1)] put a wick in a lamp, fuse in dynamite, drainage in a dressing. {2} [A; b6] give a cause for a quarrel or misunderstanding. Wà tà tu siya mangísug apan ímu pung gipabilúhan, He wouldn’t have gotten angry if you hadn’t given him cause.

pablik n {1} public school. Paiskuyláhun ku siya sa pablik, I’ll have him attend public school. {2} in phrases: — bíding public bidding. — disturbans public disturbance. — iskúl public schools. — markit government-run market. — sirbis government service.

pablikar = publikar.

pabliku = publiku.

pablísir n publisher. v [B156] be, become a publisher.

pablisiti n publicity.

pablum n pablum, cereal for children.

pabrika n factory. v {1} [A; b6] put up, operate a factory. {2} [a2] make into, put up a factory. {3} [A; c1] manufacture goods in a factory.

pábu n turkey. — riyal n peacock.

pabur a {1} advantageous to. Ang kasabútan pabur kanátù, The agreement is advantageous to us. — sa hángin have the wind at one’s back. Túlin ang sakayan kay pabur sa hángin, The boat sails fast when the wind is in back. {2} in favor of, on the side of. Ang disisiyun pabur kang Rimutígi, The decision was in favor of Remotigue. {3} within easy reach. Pagbantay! Kay pabur ka ra ba sa ákung tuu! Watch out! You’re in easy reach of my right hand! {4} move towards. Iirug-irug ang lamísa pabur sa tuu, Move the table more to the right. n {1} advantage, concession. Nangáyù siyag pabur sa kumpári níyang mayur, He asked a favor from his friend who was the mayor. {2} port, left side of a ship. v {1} [A12] {a} have the edge or winning trend. Kusug ming musyágit ug makapabur nag ámung manuk, We shout boisterously when our cock gets the edge. {b} be in a position to hit, strike well. {2} [A; b6] favor, take sides. Ayawg paburi ang bísag háing grúpu, Don’t take sides with either group. pa- v [A; c] turn a boat to the left side. pur- please (said in asking a favor). Purpabur ayaw na kug samúka, Please, don’t bother me any more. Purpabur ikúhà kug túbig, Please, get me a glass of water. †

paburíta n k.o. salt cracker.

paburitismu n favoritism. Dúnay paburitismu ang pagdumálà sa ámung prinsipal, Our principal practices favoritism in the way he runs the administration.

paburítu a favorite. Ang adúbu mauy paburítu kung sud-an, Adobo is my favorite dish. v [B126] become one’s favorite.

pad n pad of paper.

pád = pálad.

padayugdug see dayugdug.

páding n {1} padding. {2} padding of the payroll. v {1} [A; a] put, use, make into padding. {2} [A; a] pad the payroll. Mipáding sila sa pírul, They padded the payroll. -in-an n having padding.

padir n cemented fence.

pádir n title for a priest. (→) vocative.

padlak n padlock. v [A; b] padlock s.t. Padláki ang kusína, Padlock the kitchen.

padlas v {1} [A; a12] drive s.o. out of the house. Ímu gánì kung padlásun (padlasun) dì ku magduhadúha paglakaw, If you ask me to leave, I will not hesitate to do so. {2} [A; b5] fish in the padlas way. n k.o. fishing in shallow or moderately deep waters where a rectangular net is set, into which fish are driven.

padpad v {1} [A; c] for wind or water to carry s.t. in the current. Ang dag-um nga walà makabundak ganíha gipadpad, The rain clouds did not fall a while ago and were dispersed. {1a} bring s.o. s.w. Unsang hangína ang mipadpad nímu nganhi? What (wind) brought you here? {2} [A; a] remove s.t. from whatever it was mixed with or stuck to. Padpára ang amursíku sa ímung sinínà, Pull the burrs from your dress. Padpárig pasì nang bugas, Pick out the unhusked grains from the rice.

padpád = paladpalad. see pálad.

padri n title for a priest. Si Padri Rudrígis Hiswíta, Father Rodriguez is a Jesuit. (→) vocative. short form: dri.

padrǐ short for kumpadri, vocative.

padri dipamilya n male head of the family. Ang amahan mauy padri dipamilya sa balay, The father is the head of the family in the house.

padrínu n sponsor in marriage, baptism, or other religious ceremony. v [AC; a2] become the sponsor in baptism or marriage.

padri nwistru n the Lord’s Prayer.

padrun_1 n {1} pad of paper. {2} padding, lining. Butangig padrun ang abága sa amirkána, Put padding in the shoulders of the coat. {3} dress pattern. v [A; b] {1} put a lining or padding. Siyay mipadrun ug gápas sa lingkuránan, He put cotton padding on the seats. {2} make a pattern for s.t. Ákung gipadrúnan ang tahiúnun, I made a pattern for the dress.

padrun_2 n registry books for newly-born babies of a parish, town, or locality.

padyáma n pajamas. v {1} [A; b6(1)] wear, use pajamas. {2} [A; a12] make into pajamas.

pag- prefix added to most bases which take the verbal inflectional affixes. {1} forming imperatives (used esp. after ayaw ‘don’t’). short forms: g, or ug. Ayaw paglakaw (ug lakaw, glakaw), Don’t go away. Ayaw siya pagpatya, Don’t kill him. {2} forming infinitives. Gisugdan níya pagtágik ang íyang bálak, He began to compose his poem. Arun sa pagbutyag sa íyang tinagúan, In order to make his secrets public. {3} forming nouns meaning the action of [do]ing. Dílì maáyu ang pagpalabi, It’s no good to do things to excess. Nakabungkag sa ílang pagpúyù, Destroyed their life together. Ang pagburunda sa simbahan dì na kinahanglan, It is no longer necessary to wear a veil to church. {4} forming words which mean ‘when [so-and-so] was done’. Pag-abut nákù sa balay, mau say íyang paglakaw, When I arrived at the house, he left.

pág = palag.

paga, pága_1 exclamation shouted in a game of marbles or for other kinds of pieces, when a player has hit a piece not intended, thus nullifying the game for the player. v [A; a12] to commit paga.

pága_2 v [A; b] pay in full. Gipagáhan na nákù ang bayranan sa iskuylahan, I have paid the tuition fees in full. — distínu = pagádu distínu. midiya — half fare. -du n paid off. Pagádu na ang útang, The debt has been paid off. v [B125] get paid up. -du distínu for a passenger’s fare to be paid on arrival. Pagádu distínu ang ákung paglakaw, My trip was on the payment-upon-arrival basis. v [A] travel on the payment-upon-arrival basis. -díru distínu = pagádu distínu. -dur n paymaster. v [B156] become the paymaster.

pága_3 n {1} shelf put above the stove. Limpiyúhi ang mga kúlun ug ibutang sa pága, Clean the pots and place them on the shelf. {2} platform built close to the roof forming a loft but not extending the entire length of the house. v [b6] put a shelf, loft in a house.

paga-a see paga-un.

paga-an local passive durative affix, future. (Past: gina-an. Subjunctive: paga-i.) For the use of the durative passive forms see the entry under paga-un. Pagabantayan ang dáwang anihun, Millet that is ready for harvest should be looked at every so often. Ingun sa pagahitan-awan sa íyang hunàhúnà, It was as if it kept appearing in his mind. Ang maung hitabù nahímung ginahisgútan sa mga táwu, That event became the subject of conversation for these people. Pagaabunuhi ang lubi, Keep putting fertilizer to the coconut trees every once in a while.

paga-i see paga-an.

pagakpak n {1} sound produced by clapping, clapping of wooden sandals, clopping of horses, and the like. Limpiyang pagakpak, Shoeshine done by slapping a piece of cloth over the shoes with a popping sound. {2} instrument for making a clapping sound. v [A; c1] make a clapping, clip-clop sound. Ikaw bay mupagakpak sa humayan? Will you sound the clapper in the rice field? Nagpagakpak ang ílang bakyà pag-ági níla, Their wooden sandals made a clapping sound as they passed by. Pagakpákan nátù ang nakadaug, Let’s applaud the winner.

págal v [B12] be broke (slang). Miundang siyag súgal sa dihang napágal na siya, He stopped gambling when he went broke. (→) a flat broke.

pagan, págan = paga. (←) v [A; a12] involve s.o., cause s.o. to be included in a misfortune. Kanang ímung tinuntu mupágan sa uban, That mischief of yours will likely involve the others. Pagkasúnug sa dakung balay napágan ang mga balay nga silíngan, When the large house burnt, the neighboring houses were included.

pagang a for hair to be dry and lack oil. v [B] for hair to become dry and lose its gloss. Mupagang (mapagang) ang buhuk kun sabunan, The hair will lose its luster if you wash it with soap. -un a easily getting dry and losing luster.

paganti a paid off. Paganti na ang útang, The debt has been paid off.

pagánu n pagans.

pagapak = palagupak.

pagari n {1} s.t. payable on an installment basis. Mukúhà kug tíbi nga pagari, I will get a T.V. set on an installment basis. {2} promissory note. Pirmáhi ring pagari arun masigúru, Sign this promissory note to be sure. v [A; b6] sell, pay for s.t. on an installment basis. Nakapagari aku ug sininaun, I got a piece of dress material on an installment basis.

págas n hardened crust on top of a wound. v [B3] form a crust on top of a wound.

pagatpat n k.o. tree of mangrove swamps: Sonneratia caseolaris and acida.

paga-un direct passive durative affix future time. (Past: gina-. Subjunctive: paga-a.) Literary style except in Southern Leyte and Bohol where it is colloquial (with the dialectal prefix a- substituting for paga-). Forms with paga-un are used to refer to actions repeated at intervals or after preposed forms meaning ‘it is good, proper, necessary,’ and the like. Ságad pagabasáhun níya ang Biblíya sa dì pa matúlug, She usually reads the Bible before she goes to sleep. Unsay ángay nátung pagabuhátun? What is the proper thing to do? Forms with gina- refer to an action which goes on in time. Ginapasundáyag pa gihápun ang mga dúlà ni Piyuks, Piux’s dramas are still performed. The forms with paga-a are used when the subjunctive is required, or for the imperatives, in contexts referring to repeated or enduring actions. Ang humay adtu pagadagamíha sa búus, They take the rice on the stalks to the granary, and there they get the rice grains (as they need them).

pagaw a hoarse. v [BN] become hoarse. Mipagaw (napagaw, namagaw) ang ákung tíngug sa pagsinyágit, My voice got hoarse from shouting. ka-(←) v [A13] be very hoarse. Undang na lang ug kanta dihà uy. Nagkapágaw lang ang ímung tíngug, Stop singing. Your voice is hoarse. -un a of a hoarse sort.

pagáwal see gáwal.

pagawpaw a for soil to be used up. Ang yútang pagawpaw gamay nag abut, Leached-out land has a low yield. v [B] be, become barren. -un(→) a worked-out k.o. soil.

pagba v {1} [A; a] fire objects in a kiln. Ikaw bay mupagba sa mga kúlun? Will you fire the pots? {2} [B; a12] tan, darken the skin in the sun. Napagba siyag kinalígù sa dágat, His skin got dark from bathing in the sea so much.

paghid (from páhid) v {1} [A; b(1)] put s.t. on by spreading. Ikaw bay nagpaghid ug mantikilya sa pán? Did you spread butter on the bread? {2} [A12; b8] brush against momentarily. Nakapaghid kug bátà sa ákung pagdalìdalì, I brushed against a child because I was rushing about.

paghut v {1} [A; a12] bark. Gipaghut mu sa irù kay sábà man mu kaáyu, The dog barked at you because you were very noisy. {2} [A] cough (humorous). Nagpaghut ka lang ánang tantu nímung pag-inubu, You are coughing so much, you sound like you’re barking. n {1} barking. {2} action of coughing (humorous).

pági n general term for rays.

pagiyun n k.o. ornamental bulb, the spider lily: Crinum asiaticum.