Part 103

kuntra a {1} s.t. contrary to one’s liking. Kuntra ku giyud nang táwung palahúbug, I very much dislike people who drink too much. {1a} — sa dugù s.t. that is regarded with aversion. Kuntra sa ákung dugù ang mga maut, I loathe people who are hypocrites. {1b} — gustu done against one’s will. Kuntra gustu siyang mitúman, She complied against her will. {1c} — hitsu for a body or s.t. manufactured to be unproportional in build or structure. Kuntra hitsu kaáyu siya kay tambuk unyà gagmayg bitíis, She is out of proportion because she is fat but her legs are small. {1d} — kumpas out of time, not in rhythm. {1e1} — partídu political opponent. Magsúun nga kuntra partídu sa pulitika apan dílì sa lamísa, Brothers and sisters may be opponents in politics but not in their relationships with each other. {1e2} people who are always opposed to everything. Mga kuntra partídu kaáyu nang mga tawhána sa tanan tang buhátun, dì maáyung iuban sa punduk, Those people are always opposed to everything we do. Let’s not include them in our group. v [B23(1)6C] be, become political opponents or always oppose s.o. else’s views or stand. {1f} — tyimpu an impediment to a course of action to be done in the future. Ug way kuntra tyimpu, karung Duminggu mag-ayskrim ta, If nothing gets in the way, we can have ice cream on Sunday. {2a} causing unpleasant bodily reaction to s.o. Kuntra sa húbak ang pasáyan, Shrimps are bad for asthma. {2b} remedy for s.t. bad. Kuntra sa húbak kining tablítas, These tablets are good for asthma. {2b1} — sa ampay love s.t. very much (humorous—lit. it’s a remedy for my craving). Mukáun ug inasal? Kuntra nà sa ákung ampay! Do I like roast pig? No, I love it! {3} — sa opposed to, rather than. Maáyu na lang ning makalilímus kuntra nímu nga kawatan, It’s better to be a beggar than to be like you, a thief. Mas maáyu ang bínu kuntra sa túbà, Wine is much better than palm toddy. Maíbug kahà ku níya kuntra nímu? Would I be attracted to him more than to you? {4} — ug [such-and-such] an amount bet against [so-and-so] much. Ímung pusta singku kuntrag kwatru, I bet him five to four. n {1} enemy or opponent. Kuntra sa Inglatíra ang Alimanya, Germany was Britain’s enemy. Kuntra si Ilurdi ni Usáka, Osaka was Elorde’s opponent. {2} in folk belief, s.t. used to drive away evil spirits, usually hidden in one’s clothing. {3} s.t. used to reinforce s.t. which is placed at the other side of it. v {1} [AC; ab2] be, become hostile to each other. Dì ku mukuntra ug parinti, I won’t act hostilely toward my relatives. Nagkakuntra ang managsúun tungud sa kabílin, The brothers became enemies on account of the inheritance. Nakuntrahan (gikuntra) ang íyang trátu sa ginikánan, Her parents took a dislike to her suitor. {2} [A2C; ac3] oppose s.o. in a contest, politics, and the like. Dílì siya mukuntra ug dakù níya, He won’t play against anyone bigger than he is. Kuntráhun nímu sila sa pagkamayur nga paryinti man? Are you going to oppose them in the mayoralty contest when they are your relatives? Ikaw mauy ikuntra námù níya, We will pit you against him. {3} [c6] use as a remedy. Kining tablítas ikakuntra sa tulug, These tablets are good to take to keep you awake. {4} [c] be [so-and-so] much against [such-and-such] an amount. Sigurádu man kahà ka, kuntráhan ta nang diyis mug singku, If you’re so sure, I’ll bet five pesos against your ten. {5} [A12] wear s.t. sewn in the clothing to drive away evil spirits. {6} [c] put a reinforcement behind s.t. Kuntráhi (kuntrahi) nang gitaúras batúnis arun dílì magísì, Put a reinforcement behind where you sew on the button so it won’t rip. {6a} = balinsiyána, v 2. -in- n a seam sewn with the balinsiyána stitch. paN- n s.t. worn as protection against s.t.†

kuntrabandu n contraband. v [B1256] be classified as contraband. Makuntrabandu giyud ang butang nga dílì ipaági sa kustum, Smuggled goods that don’t pass the Customs can be called contraband. kuntrabandista n smuggler, one who deals in contraband goods. v [B156] be a smuggler.

kuntrabída n {1} a villain in a drama or story. {2} one who acts like a villain, spoiling or opposing s.t. good. Kuntrabída kaáyu nà si Máma uy, dì ku patambúngun sa parti, Mother is a killjoy, she won’t let me attend the party. v [B156; c1] be, become the villain in a drama.

kuntra gustu see gustu.

kuntraktur n contractor for the construction of s.t. v [B156; b6] be, become a contractor. Pruyiktu sa gubiyirnu nga ákung gikuntraktúran, Government projects for which I was the contractor.

kuntraryu a being enemies. Kuntraryu mi kaáyu kay wà siyay batásan, We’re enemies because he has no manners. v [C1] be enemies with each other.

kuntrasinyas n password or secret signal. Ug muhíngus ku, kuntrasinyas nà nga wíting ku, If I sniffle, it’s a sign that I’m about to go rummy. Unsay kuntrasinyas sa pagsúd sa kampu? What is the password to enter the camp? Dúnay kuntrasinyas ang balúta arun hibaw-an nga mibutar ka nákù, There’s a secret mark on the ballot so we know you voted for me. v [A3; c6] give a word or secret signal.

kuntráta, kuntrátu n written contract or verbal agreement. Pilay kuntrátu sa matadíru íning ímung bábuy? What price have you agreed upon with the butcher for your pig? v [ANC2; c] make a contract or verbal bargain. Nagkuntrátu kug sakyanan pára sa átung ikskursiyun, I have already made an agreement for our transportation on the excursion. kuntratádu a bound with a contract or oral agreement. Kuntratádu na ning babúya, This pig has already been spoken for. kuntratista n one who buys and sells things or services on a professional basis, contracting for the things bought or services rendered. Kuntratista sa bábuy, One who buys and sells pigs. Kuntratista sa hákut, One who contracts to haul things. v [B156] be, become a contractor of this sort.

kuntribusiyun n {1} financial contribution. {2} tax on real property. v [A1; c] give a contribution or pay a real property tax.

kuntringkanti n opponents in a political election. v [C; ac3] be opponents for electoral office. Dì sila maáyung kuntringkantíhun kay manag-ágaw sila, They should not be made to oppose each other because they are cousins. Bag-ángang pulitiku ang ákung gikakuntringkanti, The man I fought against was a seasoned politician.

*kuntrisiyun aktu sa — n Act of Contrition.

kuntrǔl n control over s.o.’s actions, discipline. Ang mayur way kuntrǔl sa kapulisan, The mayor has no control over his police force. v {1} [A] control oneself or the actions of s.t. else. Nagkuntrǔl lang giyud ku nga dì makapangísug, I did my best to control my temper. Wà na ku makakuntrǔl sa manubíla, I couldn’t control the wheel any longer. {2} [C2] exercise birth control. Wà mi magkuntrǔl, maung daghan mig anak, We didn’t practice birth control so we had lots of children.

kuntrular v [A; a] control s.t. Kuntrulaha ang inyung mga bátà, Control your children. Gikuntrular sa mga Huk ang Sintral Lusun, The Huks control Central Luzon. Ang pamaligyag bugas gikuntrular sa mga Insik, The rice trade is controlled by the Chinese. kuntruládu, kuntruláwu a {1} in the control of. Ang Kunggrísu kuntruládu sa Nasyunalista, The Congress is in the control of the Nacionalista Party. {2} under control, subdued. Kuntruládu na ang mga prísu nga nagráyut, The prisoners that rioted are now under control. {3} done with control. Kuntruládu ang íyang paghapak sa búla maung nasúd ni sa lungag, He drives the golf ball with control. That’s why it goes into the hole.

kuntud_1 v [AB; b2c1] decrease in amount or quantity. Mukuntud (makuntud) ang tubà sa tinghangin, The coconut palm toddy yields less when it is windy. Dì siya makakuntud sa íyang pagkáun, She can’t cut down on her food intake.

kuntud_2 a for the surface of a piece of land to be uneven. Ayúha pagpátag kay kuntud pa kanang dapíta dihà, Level that part carefully. It is still bulging there. v [B; c12] be, become uneven. Ipapátag sa buldúsir kanang dápit nga nagkuntud, Have the bulldozer level that part where it is bulging.

kuntúdu a elaborate, having all the trimmings. Kuntúdu siyang mamisti, She is dressed elaborately. Ang kuntúdu nga kumbira dakug gastu, An elaborate feast will incur great expense. — ubligasiyun n job involving all chores there are to be done. Ang ímung trabáhu dinhi kuntúdu ubligasiyun. Ímu ang tanang líhuk, Your work here includes anything there is to do. You must do everything. v [A1] go about in grand style. Kláru na lang nga makakuntúdu si Imilda kay milyunarya man, Of course Imelda can live in style because she is so rich.

kunu short form: nu {1} it is said, s.o. said. Namatay kunu ag pilútu, They say the pilot died. {2} with imperatives: particle used to person with whom one is familiar implying that he is not under obligation to obey it—i.e., is not a person one has a right to command: ‘please, do me a favor and ...’ Itúnul kunu nang libru, Do me a favor and hand me the book. {2a} followed or preceded by verb: do [so-and-so] as a trial. Ikuniktar kunu nátù ring alambri, tingáli ug muandar na ang makina, Try connecting this wire. Perhaps the engine will start. {3} in conditions: on the chance that. Madúgay pa ba nu ku dinhi kay muanhi siya, If I stay here long, he will come. Ákung gihípus kay básin kunu magámit unyà, I kept it on the chance that we might be able to use it later. kunhun take s.o. to be ignorant of s.t. Akuy kunhun nímu nga kadúgay na nákù niíni, You take me for ignorant when I’ve been at this for such a long time. paN- v [A] show one is uncertain of s.t. by saying kunu. Dì kaáyu siya sigúru kay nangunu, He’s not that certain because he said ‘they said’. kunúhay {1} allegedly, they say, but I’m not sure whether or not it is true. Pipila ka mga pulitiku nga nagsabutsábut kunúhay tu, A few politicians who were allegedly making agreements under the table. {2} do s.t. to make a show of being a certain thing. Arun pagrispitar nanghúnung kunúhay mi ug paghungit, In order to show respect we made a pretense of stopping eating for the moment. Nagpakítà siya sa íya kunúhay nga pagkamanggihunàhunáun, He is displaying his supposed thoughtfulness. Ayaw ug katáwa kay nangísug kunúhay ka, Don’t laugh. You’re supposed to be angry. {1a} be supposedly. Ísug kunúhay ka—dì ka muhílak ug sugsúgun, You’re supposed to be brave. You shouldn’t cry if they tease you. {2} particle giving an excuse for doing s.t. in preparation. Namalit kunúhay mi sa dì pa musáka ang bili, We are buying food before the prices go up. {3} particle belittling s.o.’s accomplishments. Prisidinti kunúhay kanà siya sa kapunúngan, He’s the so-called president of their organization. {3a} particle of modesty detracting from one’s own or one’s family’s accomplishments. Magsusúlat kunúhay kining ákung bána, ug kini mauy bugtung níyang pangítà, My husband is a writer, you know, and that’s how he earns his livelihood.

kúnu n large rice mill or the building which houses it and serves as a storehouse for the rice to be milled.

kunùkunù v [A; c16] speak haltingly, uncertainly, and in short syllables. Nagkunùkunù siya pagbungat sa íyang hangyù, She made her request in a halting, unsure way. Ayawg kunùkunua (ikunùkunù) ang ímung pagsulti kay maklárung ginirbiyus ka, Don’t speak haltingly because everybody will see you’re nervous.

kunul v {1} [B24] fail to ripen or to grow. Mikunul ang mga lubi nga tinanum nga naatul sa huwaw, Our coconuts didn’t grow because they were planted during the dry season. {2} hardened because of failure to ripen. Mikunul ang ságing kay ahat, The bananas failed to ripen and just hardened because they were picked too soon. {2a} [B] become hardened, calloused from abuse. Nakunul na lang giyud ang bátà sa pagbinúnal nímu, The child has gotten hardened because you’ve punished him so much. {2b} [A23] be stubborn, uninterested in obeying orders. Mukunul na lang nang batáag sugúun. Dílì muirug sa íyang nahimutangan, That child is just stubborn when you tell him to do s.t. He won’t move from his place. {3} [A23] give a dull knock when s.t. hits. Mikunul ang lápuk nga miigù sa sín, The mud went thunk as it hit the galvanized iron sheets. a {1} hardened from failure to ripen. {2} hardened. {3} — ug úlu stubborn. {4} for s.t. to lack the hardness needed to give bounce to things that hit it. Ang nipis playwud kunul kaáyu untúlan sa búla, If a ball is hit against thin plywood, it won’t bounce well. -un a of a hard, shrivelled-up sort.

kúnun = kulúnun. see kúlun.

kunup v [B24] disappear suddenly en masse. Mukunup ang tipdas ug mahanginan, A measles rash will disappear if you expose it to the wind. Pag-abut sa prinsipal, mikunup ang mga maistrang nagtábì, When the principal arrived, the teachers just disappeared. Mikunup ang mga duut sa isdà nga gitugaw sa dinamíta, The schools of fish disappeared because of the dynamite fishing.

kunuskunus v [A3] make a rustling sound. Mukunuskunus gánì ang papil sa basúra náa giyuy ilagà, If the paper in the trash rustles, there must be a rat. Nagkunuskunus ang dáhun sa hángin, The leaves were rustling in the wind.

kunut n {1} wrinkle, fold in s.t. Daghang kunut ang íyang nawung, She has lots of wrinkles in her face. May kunut ang karsúnis, The trousers had pleats in them. {2} anus or female genitalia (humorous allusion). {2a} sa ímung — expression of disbelief. Diyis písus sa kunut mu, pára usa ka buuk nga gilabhan, What do you mean ten pesos? You only washed a single piece. a having wrinkles, not flat and smooth. bira sa — v [a4] grow way over a marriageable age (lit. have one’s wrinkles pulled—humorous insult). v {1} [ABN; a2] for a piece of cloth or skin to be not flat and smooth, cause it to be so. Mikunut ang tinahian sa sinínà, The dress is sewn with wrinkles at the seams. Nangunut ang nawung paghinunàhúnà, Her face is wrinkled from thinking so much. Nakunut ang papil pagkabasà, The paper got wrinkled when it got wet. {2} [A; c1] gather pleats or ruffles and sew them into a piece of cloth. -un a wrinkled.

kúnut v [A; ab2] pinch s.o. with a finger and the thumb. Kunútun ku nang búgan mu, I’ll pinch your groin.

kunya n wedge. Bagang kunya ang ipasuk arun mahuut, Insert a thick wedge so it will be tight. v {1} [A; a] make into a wedge. {2} [A; b] wedge s.t. into s.t. Kunyáhi ang ubus sa takup arun dì ipálid sa hángin, Place a wedge in the lower part of the shutter so it cannot be blown open by the wind. {3} [A; b5] get a lock on s.o. so that he cannot move. Kunyáha (kunyáhi) ang ímung kaáway, Hold your opponent in an armlock.

kupa, kupà a {1} for the roof to be almost flat, not steeply inclined. Kupa ra ug atup ang ámung balay mau nga nitúlù dáyun, Our house has quite a flat roof, and that’s why it developed a leak quickly. {2} for s.t. flat to be close to the ground. Kupa ang lamísa nímu, The table is too low for you. v {1} [c1] build a house roof almost flat. {2} [B; a2] become low, not raised from the ground.

kúpa_1 n {1} goblet. {2} goblet design of the Spanish cards. v [A13; c6] use a goblet.

kúpa_2 = makúpa.

kúpà v [A; b] want to do what s.o. else is doing. Mukúpà nà siya ug makakitag náay mulakaw, She’ll insist on going out too when she sees s.o. going out.

kúpad_1 v [A; c] {1} toss grains to fowls. Busug na ang mga manuk kay gikuparan na man, The chickens are satisfied because they have been given their feed. {2} expel s.t. from the mouth. Kinsay nagkúpad áring kindi? Who spat out this candy?

kúpad_2 = kumpad.

kupal a for speech to be unintelligible, badly articulated. v [B; b6] for speech to become unintelligible. Nagkakupal na ang sinultihan sa himatyun, The speech of the dying person is becoming unintelligible.

kupas v [B23(1); b6] for s.t. to lose its aroma from having been left uncovered. Mukupas ang tabákù ug dì pustun, Dried tobacco leaves will lose their flavor if you don’t keep them wrapped. a having lost its aroma.

kúpas = kúpa_1, 2.

kúpat v [B3(1); c1] move fast, busily. Wà magkadimáu ang tabì kay nagkúpat ang bàbà, Her speech is incoherent because she talks too fast. Nakúpat silag panlimpiyu kay náay umaábut nga bisíta, They are cleaning as quickly as they can because they are expecting visitors.

kúpay v [A; a] play around with in the fingers. Nagkúpay ang bátà sa íyang tái, The baby is playing around with its feces. Ayawg kupáya nang ímung binahugan, Don’t put your fingers in your food and play around with it.

kupidu n Cupid.

kupil a indistinct in pronunciation, not intelligible. Kupil siya ug sinultian kay miági man siya ug daut, He has been unable to talk understandably since he underwent a grave illness. v [B; a12] for one’s speech to become impossible to understand. Mukupil ning átung dílà usáhay basta kuyawan ta, We sometimes get tongue-tied when we get frightened. (←) a speaking rapidly and indistinctly. v {1} [B; b6] come to speak this way. {2} [A] talk back in self defense. Ígù lámang siyang naníngud sa walay pagkúpil sa matag higayun nga hisgútan siya sa íyang kumpári, All he could do was stand idly by and listen whenever his friend would talk about him. (He was so ashamed.) pa-(←) v [A13] {1} allow oneself to be left behind, outclassed or outdone. Aku pay sapían dì giyud ku magpakúpil sa mga urug sa panaput, If I were rich, I would never allow myself to get left behind by the fashions. {2} let s.t. go by without answering back. Ang asáwa wà magpakúpil sa íyang bána, The wife wouldn’t let the husband get the last word in.

kupirar = kuupirar.

kupit v [AN; b] extort petty amounts. Ang dispatsir mangupit ug diyis sintábus sa draybir káda byáhi, The dispatcher extorts ten cents out of the driver each trip.

kupíta n a small goblet.

kupitinsiya = kumpitinsiya.

kupkup a for hair to be lying down flat close to the scalp. v {1} [B] for hair to become flat on the head. Mukupkup ang buhuk basta lutúun pagkulung, The hair will become so kinky it sticks to the head if you wave it with too much heat or too many chemicals. {2} [A; b6] stick close to s.t. for protection. Mikupkup ang mga pisù sa himungáan, The chicks kept close to the mother hen.

kupras n copra, dried coconut meat. v {1} [A; a2] make, get copra. Magkupras mig ipatimbang, We will make copra to sell by the kilo. Kuprásun ang kalubihan káda trimistri, The coconut plantation is harvested (made to copra) every four months. {2} [AN; a12] get money from a candidate and then fail to vote for him. Gikupras lang diay ang salapì sa kandidátu kay napildi man, The people must have pocketed the money and not voted for him because he lost.

kupù v [A; b3] lower the head, cower. Nikupù sa suuk ang irù nga gibunálan, The dog was beaten and cowered into the corner. Kupù arun dì ka makit-an, maigù, Crouch down so they won’t see you, hit you.

kúpù v {1} = kalúpù. {2} [A; c16] fold the arms across the breast. Ang bátà nga nag-ampù, nagkúpù sa íyang mga buktun, The child is folding his arms across his breast as he prays. (→) n = kalúpù, n.

kúpug_1 v {1} [A3P; a1] crumble s.t., break into tiny pieces. Kupúgun nátù ning báhawng pán, Let’s crumble this stale bread. {2} [B] crumble into ruins. Nakúpug ang túri sa kadugayun, The tower crumbled as the years passed.

kúpug_2 = kulúpug.

kupukúpu v [A2S; b(1)] quiver and flutter noisily, twitch, thrash around. Mikupukúpu ang manuk sa abug, The chicken shook the dust off. Dì siya kamaung mulanguy maung nagkupukúpu sa túbig, He can’t swim. That’s why he just thrashed around in the water. Wà makakupukúpu ang táwung naantimánu pagkapusil, The man suffered a direct hit and didn’t even have time to twitch before he died.

kupun, kúpun n coupon, blank form in an advertisement filled out to order goods or which can be used to redeem a prize.

kupun bán n coupon bond, a k.o. typewriter paper.

kupungkupung, kupungkúpung n thick and dense plant or a cluster of plants. Mitágù siya sa kupungkupung, He hid in the thickets. (←) v [A2N] for plants to grow thick and dense. Pul-úngi ang búwak arun mukupungkúpung, Prune the flowers so they grow thick and lush. ka-an n thicket, area covered with dense growths.

kúpus v [A; ab] {1} squeeze to extract the juice from s.t. Kupúsa ang kinagud lubi, Squeeze the juice out of the shredded coconut meat. {1a} squeeze s.t. together with s.t. to change the flavor. Kupúsig súkà ang kinílaw, Squeeze the raw fish together with vinegar. {2} = kupus. (→) a shrunken, shriveled after the juice has been extracted. Kupus na ákung hubag, My boil has dried up now. v {1} [APB2] shrivel, shrink, usually because liquid has been removed, but by extension, because of disease; cause it to do so. Mikupus ang karning gibulad, The meat shrunk as it was dried in the sun. Magkupus tag tambuk, Let’s fry fat meat until all of the lard comes out. Nagkakupus ang láwas sa tisísun, The tubercular’s body is shriveling up. {2} [B] shrink away in fear, from cold. Mukupus nag ímung suklan, He’ll shrink away if you stand up to him. Mikupus siya sa katugnaw, He shrunk his body into a small ball because of the cold. -in-an n pulp left after extract has been removed. kinupsan, pinakupsan n fat meat fried until all of the lard is removed and nothing but a crunchy mass remains.

kuput = kubut.

kúput a characterized by intense activity or movement. Kúput kaáyu tu sila sa ílang priparasiyun sa pista, They were bustling about in preparation for the fiesta. Dalì rang mahuman ang trabáhu kay kúput man ang tanan, The work will get done in no time because everybody is working hard. n intense movement. v [B46; b(1)] characterized by intensely active movement. Nagkúput man lang ning lamuk dinhi sa inyu, This place is buzzing with mosquitoes.

kupuy a timid, shy, shrinking back. Kupuy siyang pagkalaláki, mahadluk ug babáyi, He is a shy person. He is afraid of women. v [B2; b6] be, become timid or shy. Mikupuy siyang gihagítan, gikasab-an sa asáwa, He just shrunk back when he was threatened, when his wife cussed him out.

kupya v {1} [A; a] copy, imitate, make a copy of s.t. Kupyáhun ku nang ímung disáyin, I’ll copy your design. Unsa mang ritratúha ang gikupyáhan? For which picture did you have copies made? {2} [AN; a] copy in an exam. Nangupya siya. Maung nakapasar, He copied. That’s why he passed. n {1} copy. Sitinta sintábus na ang kupya sa Bisayà, The Bisaya costs seventy cents a copy now. {2} print of a photo. pa- v [A; b6] have a photograph reproduced. -dur(→) n {1} a copyist, one who makes written copies. Náay kupyadur sa ámung upisína kusug kaáyung mumakinilya, There’s a copyist in our office who types very fast. {2} one who imitates, copycat. {3} one who copies in exams. v [B156] be, become a copyist. -mus a a cheat in exams (colloquial). Gibantayan pag-áyu sa maistra si Ális kay kupyámus kaáyu, The teacher watched Alice closely because she is known to copy.

kupyur n coiffure, hairdo. v [A; a] give s.o. a hairdo. Kupyúri kunu kug paríhas kang Imilda, Do my hair up like Imelda’s.

kura, kúra_1 v [A2] for the heart to pound or beat rapidly due to fear. Mikúra (mikura) ang ákung dughan pagkadungug nákù sa balità, My heart beat with intense fear when I heard the news. kurakura = kura.

kúra_2 n parish priest. v [B156; a2] be, become a parish priest. — parúku = kúra_2.

kurà n {1} the money which circulated during the Japanese occupation. {2} Japanese.

kuradang n {1} name of a k.o. folk dance with lively movements. {2} general name for dancing. {3} insulting term of address to a woman named Dádang. v [A] {1} dance the kuradang or with lively movements. {2} go to a dance. — kun danggit nonsense words used to fill out the lines in a rhyme. Kuradang kun danggit, Kumusta ang inun-únan, Mudúul lag muduslit, Dáyung dalágan, Kuradang or danggit (k.o. fish), How is it stewed in vinegar? He only comes near me if he wants sex, and then, when he’s done, he leaves me.