Part 9

=Burton, Richard [Eugene].= _Ct._, 1859- ----. A littérateur and journalist of Hartford, Connecticut. Dogs and Dog Literature; Dumb in June, and Other Poems; Memorial Day and Other Poems; Men of Progress (edited). _Cop._

=Burton, Warren.= _N. H._, 1800-1866. An educational writer of Boston. Cheering Views of Man and Providence; My Religious Experience at my Native Home; The Divine Agency in the Material Universe; Uncle Sam’s Recommendations of Phrenology; The District School as it Was; Helps to Education; Culture of the Observing Faculties in the Family and School; Scenery Showing.

=Burton, William Evans.= _E._, 1804-1860. A popular comedian of New York city. The Actor’s Alloquy; Waggeries and Vagaries; Cyclopædia of Wit and Humor. _Ap._

=Bush, George.= _Vt._, 1796-1859. A Swedenborgian clergyman who was long a professor of Hebrew in the University of New York. Beside Commentaries on Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Joshua, Judges, the Psalms, his writings include Life of Mohammed; New Church Miscellanies; Priesthood and Clergy unknown to Christianity; Mesmer and Swedenborg; Treatise on the Millennium; The Resurrection of Christ. _Har._

=Bushnell, Charles Ira.= _N. Y._, 1826-1883. An antiquarian writer of New York city, among whose works are Crumbs for Antiquarians; Adventures of Sir Christopher Hawkins (edited).

=Bushnell, Horace.= _Ct._, 1802-1876. A Congregational clergyman of Hartford, who was one of the foremost thinkers in his denomination. He was a fearless reasoner, and his literary style exhibits both clearness and beauty. Christian Nurture; God in Christ; Christ in Theology; The Vicarious Sacrifice; Politics the Law of God; Nature and the Supernatural; Moral Uses of Dark Things, his ablest work; Sermons for the New Life; Sermons on Living Subjects; Forgiveness and Law; The Age of Homespun; Woman Suffrage; Moral Tendencies and Results of Human History; Building Eras in Religion; The Character of Jesus; Work and Play; Christ and His Salvation. _See Life and Letters, edited by his daughter, Mrs. Cheney; Atlantic Monthly, January, 1881._

=Bushnell, William H.= _N. Y._, 1823- ----. A littérateur of Washington. Biographical Sketches of the Early Settlers of Chicago; The Hermit of the Colorado Hills, a Story of the Texan Pampas; Ah Meek the Beaver, or The Copper Hunters of Lake Superior.

=Butler, Clement Moore.= _N. Y._, 1810-1890. An Episcopal clergyman of the evangelical type, professor of ecclesiastical history in the Episcopal Divinity School at Philadelphia, 1864-1884. Book of Common Prayer Interpreted by its History; Old Truths and New Errors; The Flock Fed; St. Paul in Rome; Inner Rome; Manual of Ecclesiastical History from the 1st to the 18th Century; The Reformation in Sweden, are his most important works. _Ran._

=Butler, Frederick.= _Circa_ 1766-1843. A writer of Hartford. History of the United States to 1820; The Farmer’s Manual; Memorial of Lafayette and his Tour in the United States.

=Butler, James Glentworth.= _N. Y._, 1821- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York. The Bible Work, an extended scriptural commentary; The Fourfold Gospel. _Fu._

=Butler, John Jay.= _Me._, 1814-1891. A Free Baptist clergyman of Michigan, professor of sacred literature in Hillsdale College from 1873. Natural and Revealed Theology; Commentary on the Gospels, are his principal works.

=Butler, Nicholas Murray.= _N. J._, 1862- ----. An educator of New York city, professor of philosophy in Columbia College. Horace Mann and American Systems of Education.

=Butler, Noble.= _Pa._, 1819-1882. A classical professor in the University of Louisville, who published A Practical and Critical English Grammar and other valuable text-books.

=Butler, Thomas Belden.= _Ct._, 1806-1873. A Connecticut jurist whose Philosophy of the Weather, 1856, appeared later in enlarged form as a Concise Analytical and Logical Development of the Atmospheric System.

=Butler, William.= _I._, 1819-1899. A Methodist missionary. The Land of the Veda; From Boston to Bareilly and Back; Mexico in Transition from the Power of Political Romanism to Civil and Religious Liberty.

=Butler, William Allen.= _N. Y._, 1825-1902. A lawyer of New York city well known as a writer of poetical satires, among which Nothing to Wear has long been famous. Others are, Two Millions; General Average, a satire upon mercantile life; Barnum’s Parnassus. His prose writings include, Martin Van Buren, a Biography; Mrs. Limber’s Raffle, an able attack on the morality of church fairs; Domesticus, a Story; Oberammergau. _Ap. Har. Scr._

=Butterfield, Consul Willshire.= _N. Y._, 1824-1899. A Wisconsin educator. Historical Account of the Expedition against Sandusky, 1782; System of Punctuation for Schools; History of the Discovery of the Northwest by John Nicollet, 1634, comprise his chief works. _Clke._

=Butterfield, Daniel.= _N. Y._, 1831-1901. A major-general in the United States army. Camp and Outpost Duty. _Har._

=Butterworth, Hezekiah.= _R. I._, 1837- ----. A Boston writer, for many years editor of The Youth’s Companion. Besides publishing several volumes of Zig-Zag Journeys, Great Composers, The Knight of Liberty, In the Boyhood of Lincoln, The Patriot Schoolmaster, and other popular juvenile books, he is the author of two collections of musical verse, Songs of History; Poems for Christmas, Easter, and New Year’s. _Ap. Cr. Est. Lo. Mer._

=Butts, Mrs. Mary Frances [Barber].= _R. I._, 1836- ----. A writer of popular juvenile works. Three Girls; Lottie; Nellie’s New Home; Lizzie and her Friends; The Frolic Series, are some of them.

=Byerly, William Ellwood.= _Pa._, 1849- ----. A professor of mathematics at Harvard University. Elements of Differential Calculus; Elements of Integral Calculus. _Gi._

=Byers, Samuel Hawkins Marshall.= _Ms._, 1838- ----. A United States consul at Zurich, subsequently a consul-general to Italy and now a resident of Des Moines. Switzerland; Switzerland and the Swiss: Historical and Descriptive; Florence; History of Switzerland; What I Saw in Dixie; Military History of Iowa; The Happy Isles, and Other Poems.

=Byfield, Nathaniel.= _E._, 1653-1733. A jurist of note in Massachusetts in the colonial period. Account of the Late War in England, 1689.

=Byford, William Heath.= _O._, 1817-1890. A physician of prominence in Chicago. Practice of Medicine and Surgery Applied to Diseases and Accidents Peculiar to Women; Theory and Practice of Obstetrics; Philosophy of Domestic Life, are his more important works.

=Byington, Ezra Hoyt.= _Vt._, 1828-1901. A Congregational clergyman of Newton, Massachusetts. Puritan in England and New England; Puritan as Colonist and Reformer; Christ of Yesterday, To-day, and Forever. _Lit._

=Byles, Mather.= _Ms._, 1706-1788. A Congregational clergyman of Boston famous both as preacher and wit. After 43 years’ ministry in the Hollis Street Church, his Tory sympathies obliged him to give up his charge in 1776. _See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit; Tyler’s American Literature; Unitarian Review, vol. 27; Atlantic Monthly, vol. 59._

=Bynner, Edwin Lassetter.= _N. Y._, 1842-1893. A popular historical novelist of Boston. His best work is included in the three historical tales, Agnes Surriage; The Begum’s Daughter; Zachary Phips. Of lesser importance are Nimport; Tritons; Damen’s Ghost; Penelope’s Suitors; An Uncloseted Skeleton (with L. P. Hale, _infra_); The Chase of the Meteor, a book for boys. _Hou._

=Byrd, William.= _Va._, 1674-1744. A colonial Virginian and man of letters, whose Journals, first published in 1841, are known as The Westover Manuscripts, from Westover, the family mansion of Byrd. A fuller collection, styled The Byrd Manuscripts, was printed in 1866, edited by T. Wynne. They are well worth reading for their wit, keen observations, and vigorous style. They comprise The Story of the Dividing Line, an account of the expedition to fix the boundary between Virginia and North Carolina; A Progress to the Mines; A Journey to the Land of Eden. _See Hart’s American Literature; Tyler’s American Literature; Century Magazine, vol. 20._

=Byrn, Marcus Lafayette.= 18-- - ----. A physician. Complete Practical Brewer; Rattlehead’s Travels, or the Recollections of a Backwoodsman; Complete Practical Distiller; Repository of Wit and Humour; Book of Nature, an expositor of the Science of Life and Sexual Physiology; Family Physician.

C

=Cabell, James Lawrence.= _Va._, 1813-1889. An eminent Virginia physician. The Testimony of Modern Science to the Unity of Mankind.

=Cabell, Mrs. Julia [Mayo].= _Va._, 18-- -185-. An Odd Volume of Facts and Fiction in Prose and Verse; Sketches and Recollections of Lynchburg.

=Cable, George Washington.= _La._, 1844- ----. A writer of fiction who has reproduced with much success the life and dialect among the creoles of Louisiana. He served in the Confederate army during the Civil War, and is now a resident of Northampton, Massachusetts. Old Creole Days; The Grandissimes; Madame Delphine; Dr. Sevier; John March, Southerner; Bonaventure; Strange True Stories of Louisiana; The Creoles of Louisiana; The Silent South; The Busy Man’s Bible; The Negro Question. _See Vedder’s American Writers._ _Fl. Scr._

=Cabot, James Elliot.= _Ms._, 1821-1903. A Boston writer whose principal work is A Memoir of Ralph Waldo Emerson. _Hou._

=Cahan, Abraham.= _R._, 1860- ----. A New York city journalist, editor of Zukunft. Yekl, a Tale of the New York Ghetto; Raphael Narizokh (in Yiddish). _Ap._

=Cain, William.= _N. C._, 1847- ----. A professor of civil engineering in the University of North Carolina. Theory of Voussoir; Solid and Braced Arches; Maximum Stress in Framed Bridges; Solid and Braced Elastic Bridges; Symbolic Algebra; Practical Designing of Retaining Walls.

=Caines, George.= 1771-1825. A reporter of the New York Supreme Court. Lex Mercatoria Americana; Cases in the Court of Errors; Forms of New York Supreme Court; Summary of Practice in New York Supreme Court; Cases in the Court for Trial of Impeachments; New York Supreme Court Reports.

=Caldwell, Charles.= _N. C._, 1772-1853. A Kentucky physician, who beside publishing some 200 technical monographs and pamphlets, wrote The Life and Campaigns of General Greene, and translated Blumenbach’s Elements of Physiology. _See Autobiography, 1855; Life, by Caruthers, infra; Sketches of Contemporaries, by S. D. Gross, infra._

=Caldwell, George Chapman.= _Ms._, 1834- ----. A professor of agricultural chemistry at Cornell University. Agricultural Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis; Manual of Introductory Chemical Practice (with A. Breneman); Manual of Qualitative Chemical Analysis (with S. M. Babcock).

=Caldwell, Joseph.= _N. J._, 1773-1835. A once noted educator who was president of the University of North Carolina. A Compendious System of Elementary Geometry; Letters of Carleton.

=Caldwell, Linus Boues.= _N. Y._, 1834- ----. A Methodist clergyman and educator, of Tennessee. Wines of Palestine, or The Bible Defended; Beyond the Grave.

=Caldwell, Merritt.= _Me._, 1806-1848. A professor of metaphysics at Dickinson College. The Doctrine of the English Verb; Manual of Elocution; Philosophy of Christian Perfection; Christianity Tested by Eminent Men. _See Memoir by S. M. Vail._ _Meth._

=Caldwell, Samuel Lunt.= _Ms._, 1820-1889. A Baptist clergyman whose later life was passed in Providence. Cities of Our Faith and Other Addresses and Discourses. _Hou._

=Caldwell, William Warner.= _Ms._, 1823- ----. A resident of Newburyport who has published Poems, Original and Translated, and has translated many lyrics from the German.

=Calef, Robert.= _Ms._, _c._ 1648-1719. A Boston merchant who published in 1700 More Wonders of the Invisible World, a satirical reply to Cotton Mather’s Wonders of the Invisible World. Its line of argument was in direct opposition to the witchcraft persecutions, and the book was publicly burnt by Increase Mather in the grounds of Harvard College. _See Tyler’s American Literature._

=Calhoun= [kăl-hoon´], =John Caldwell.= _S. C._, 1782-1850. A South Carolina statesman who was secretary of state under Monroe, and again under Tyler, vice-president under John Quincy Adams, and United States senator from 1845 till his death. He was one of the ablest of political leaders, a great orator, and a political thinker of the first rank. His literary style is both vigourous and concise, and displays at times a remarkable intensity of expression. A Disquisition on Government; The Constitution and Government of the United States. _See Works in 6 volumes; Parton’s Famous Americans; Lives by Jenkins; Von Holst._ _Ap._

=Calkins, Norman Allison.= _N. Y._, 1822-1895. The first assistant superintendent of primary schools in New York city for thirty-three years. Primary Object Lessons; How to Teach; Manual of Object Teaching; Aids for Object Teaching; Trades and Occupations; Natural History Series for Children.

=Callender, James Thomas.= _E._, 17-- -1803. A writer who was exiled from England on account of his pamphlet, The Political Progress of Great Britain. He was at first the friend and soon the violent political opponent of Thomas Jefferson. Sketches of the History of America; The Prospect before Us.

=Callender, John.= _Ms._, 1706-1748. A Baptist clergyman of Newport, Rhode Island, whose Historical Discourse, 1739, is a careful monograph of Rhode Island history for the first century of the colony’s existence. _See edition of 1838, with notes and memoir._

=Calthrop, Samuel Robert.= _E._, 1829- ----. A Unitarian clergyman of Syracuse. Essay on Religion and Science; The Rights of the Body.

=Calvert, George Henry.= _Md._, 1803-1889. A littérateur of Newport, Rhode Island, who published a great number of volumes of verse that never was mistaken for poetry by any reader, and almost as many prose works. Among his writings are Goethe: his Life and Works; Dante and his Latest Translators; St. Beuve, the Critic; Count Julian, a tragedy; Three Score, and Other Poems; a translation of Schiller’s Don Carlos.

=Cameron, Henry Clay.= _W. Va._, 1827- ----. A professor at Princeton College since 1877. Princeton Roll of Honour; History of American Whig Society.

=Camp, Walter.= _Ct._, 1859- ----. A writer of prominence on athletic matters. Book of College Sports; American Football; Football Facts and Figures; Football (with L. F. Deland). _Har. Hou._

=Campbell, Alexander.= _I._, 1788-1866. A Baptist clergyman of West Virginia, who was the founder of the sect of Campbellites, or Disciples of Christ. He established Bethany College in 1841, and was its first president. His writings, mainly controversial, are nearly sixty in number, among them being Christian Baptism; Infidelity Refuted by Infidels; Essay on Life and Death; Popular Lectures and Addresses; Christianity as it Was; Familiar Lectures on the Pentateuch; Six Letters to a Sceptic. _See Hart’s American Literature; Memoir by Richardson, 1868._

=Campbell, Alexander Augustus.= _Va._, 1789-1846. A Presbyterian clergyman and physician, once prominent in Tennessee, whose only book was a work on Scripture Baptism.

=Campbell, Alexander James.= 18-- - ----. Son of A. Campbell, _supra_. The Power of Christ to Save to the Uttermost; American Practical Cyclopædia; A True Friend, reflections on Life, Character, and Conduct.

=Campbell, Bartley.= _Pa._, 1843-1888. A journalist of Pittsburg, who turned his attention to the stage and became a popular playwright. My Partner; The Galley Slave; Matrimony; Siberia; The Big Bonanza; The White Slave; and Peril, comprising his most successful plays.

=Campbell, Charles.= _Va._, 1807-1876. An educator of Petersburg, Virginia, whose father, John Wilson Campbell, a bookseller there for many years, wrote a History of Virginia to 1781. The writings of Charles Campbell include History of the Colony of Virginia; Genealogy of the Spotswood Family; The Bland Papers; Memoir of John Daly Burk, _supra_. _Lip._

=Campbell, Douglas.= _N. Y._, 1840-1893. Son of W. W. Campbell, _infra_. A lawyer of New York city, whose notable historical work, The Puritan in Holland, England, and America, has attracted much attention. _Har._

=Campbell, Douglas Houghton.= _Mch._, 1859- ----. A professor of botany in Stanford University. Elements of Structural and Systematic Botany; Structure and Development of the Mosses and Ferns. _Mac._

=Campbell, Mrs. Helen [Stuart].= 1839- ----. A writer who is deeply concerned in philanthropic and social reforms, and whose work covers a wide range of topics. In Foreign Kitchens; The Easiest Way in Housekeeping, are books for the housekeeper. Prisoners of Poverty; Prisoners of Poverty Abroad; Some Passages in the Life of Dr. Martha Scarborough; Women Wage-Earners; Problem of the Poor; Darkness and Daylight in New York, relate to the social problems of the time. Six Sinners; His Grandmothers; Roger Berkeley’s Probation; Miss Melinda’s Opportunity; Mrs. Herndon’s Income; The What-to-Do-Club; Under Green Apple-Boughs; Unto the Third and Fourth Generation; Patty Pearson’s Boy, are fictions. Other works are Girls’ Handbook of Work and Play; A Sylvan City, a description of Philadelphia; The Ainslee Stories, for juvenile readers; Anne Bradstreet and her Time, _supra_. _Fo. Hou. Lo. Rob._

=Campbell, James Valentine.= _N. Y._, 1823-1890. A Michigan jurist. Outlines of the Political History of Michigan.

=Campbell, John Lyle.= _Va._, 1818-1886. A professor of chemistry at Washington and Lee College, 1851-86. Manual of Scientific and Practical Agriculture; Idaho, Six Months in the New Gold Diggings; Guide to the Agricultural and Mineral West; Geology and Mineral Resources of the James River Valley, Virginia.

=Campbell, John Poage.= _Va._, 1767-1814. A once popular clergyman on the Ohio border. The Passenger; Strictures on Stone’s Letters on the Atonement; Vindex; Letters to the Rev. Mr. Craighead; The Pelagian Defeated; An Answer to Jones.

=Campbell, William Henry.= _Md._, 1808-1890. A Dutch Reformed clergyman, president of Rutgers College, 1863-82. Subjects and Modes of Baptism; Influence of Christianity in Civil and Religious Liberty; System of Catechetical Instruction.

=Campbell, William W.= _N. Y._, 1806-1881. A jurist of New York city. Annals of Tryon County, reissued as Border Warfare; Memoirs of Mrs. Grant, Missionary to Persia; Life and Writings of De Witt Clinton; Sketches of Robin Hood and Captain Kidd.

=Canfield, Henry Judson.= _Ct._, 1789-1856. An agriculturist who published a serviceable Treatise on the Breed, Management, Structure, and Diseases of Sheep.

=Cannon, Charles James.= _N. Y._, 1810-1860. A New York littérateur who besides compiling a series of readers published, among other works, Poems, Dramatic and Miscellaneous; Pencillings from the Web of Life, and a number of dramas now forgotten.

=Cannon, James Spencer.= _W. I._, 1776-1852. A Dutch Reformed clergyman of New Jersey, professor of metaphysics at Rutgers College, 1826-56. Lectures on Chronology; Lectures on Pastoral Theology.

=Capen, Nahum.= _Ms._, 1804-1886. A Boston publisher who was postmaster 1857-61, and introduced the custom of street letter-box collections. The Republic of the United States; Reminiscences of Spurzheim and Combe; History of Democracy, or Political Progress Historically Illustrated.

=Capers, William.= _S. C._, 1790-1855. A Methodist bishop once prominent in the South. Cathechisms for Negro Missions; Short Sermons and True Tales for Children. _See Life, by Wightman, 1859._

=Carey, Henry Charles.= _Pa._, 1793-1879. Son of M. Carey, _infra_. One of the foremost of American political economists, who advocated protection as a preliminary step toward ultimate free trade. He opposed such theorists as Malthus and Ricardo, holding that human progress depends upon success in subjugating nature; that land values depend upon labour; and that the social well-being is directly dependent upon existing conditions. Principles of Political Economy; The Credit System; The Principles of Social Science; Lectures on the Currency; Letters on Political Economy; Letters on International Copyright; Financial Crises; The Unity of Law, comprise his chief works. _See Allibone’s Dictionary; Memoir by Elder; Gross’s Sketches of Contemporaries._ _Bai. Lip._

=Carey, Matthew.= _I._, 1760-1839. An Irishman who came to America in 1785, entered into politics, and established himself in Philadelphia as a bookseller. His writings include The Olive Branch, or Faults on Both Sides, Federal and Democratic (1814), which soon entered a tenth edition; Vindiciæ Hibernicæ; Thoughts on Penitentiaries and Prison Discipline; Essays on Political Economy; The Yellow Fever of 1793.

=Carleton, Henry Guy.= _N. M._, 1856- ----. A journalist of New York city who is best known as a writer of plays, among which are Memnon; The Pembertons; Victor Durand.

=Carleton, Osgood.= 1742-1816. A Massachusetts mathematician. American Navigator; South American Pilot; Practice of Arithmetic.

=Carleton, William.= _Mch._, 1845- ----. A writer of homely verse which appeals with great force to imperfectly educated tastes, and has been very popular, but which is without literary merit. Farm Ballads; Farm Festivals; Farm Legends; City Legends; City Ballads; City Festivals; Rhymes of our Planet; Young Folks’ Centennial Rhymes; The Old Infant, and Similar Stories. _Har._

=Carman [William], Bliss.= _N. B._, 1861- ----. A poet of Canadian birth, whose literary work has been done mainly in New York and Boston. Low Tide on Grand Pré; A Seamark; Behind the Arras; Songs from Vagabondia (with R. Hovey, _infra_); More Songs from Vagabondia (with R. Hovey); Ballads of Lost Haven, a Book of the Sea. _Cop. Lam._

=Carnegie, Andrew.= _S._, 1835- ----. A noted steel-manufacturer of Pittsburg who came to America in 1845. He has made many important gifts to his native Scotland and to Pittsburg, and as a writer is distinguished for the rather exuberant Americanism of his work. An American Four-in-Hand in Europe; Round the World; Triumphant Democracy, or Fifty Years’ March of the Republic. _Scr._

=Carnochan, John Murray.= _Ga._, 1817-1887. A New York surgeon of distinction. Treatise on Congenital Dislocations; Contributions to Operative Surgery. _Har._

=Carpenter, Edmund Janes.= _Ms._, 1845- ----. A journalist of Boston. A Woman of Shawmut, a Romance of Colonial Times; History of Roger Williams. _Lit._

=Carpenter, Esther Bernon.= _R. I._, 1848-1893. A writer of southern Rhode Island, whose South Country Neighbours is a series of sympathetic studies in fiction of Rhode Island types of character. _Rob._

=Carpenter, Francis Bicknell.= _N. Y._, 1830-1900. A portrait painter of New York city, who painted The Emancipation Proclamation in the Capitol at Washington. Six Months in the White House with Abraham Lincoln.

=Carpenter, Henry Bernard.= _I._, 1840-1890. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston, brother of W. Boyd Carpenter, the Anglican bishop of Ripon. He wrote principally in verse, his only published books including The Oatmeal Crusaders; Liber Amoris, a Metrical Romaunt of the Middle Ages; A Poet’s Last Songs. The last-named volume was issued after his death, with memorial sketch by J. J. Roche, _infra_. _Hou._

=Carpenter, Stephen Cullen.= _E._, _c._ 17-- -1820. An English journalist who came to America in 1803 and settled in Charleston. Memoir of Thomas Jefferson, containing a Concise History of the United States (1809); An Overland Journey to India, published under the pseudonym “Donald Campbell.”

=Carpenter, Stephen Haskins.= _N. J._, 1831-1878. A Wisconsin educator, professor of literature at the University of Wisconsin. Evidences of Christianity; English of the 14th Century; Introduction to the Study of Anglo-Saxon; Elements of English Analysis. _Gi._