Part 94

=Fenwick, George Edgeworth=, M.D., C.M., Montreal, was born in the city of Quebec, on the 8th October, 1825. His father, Joseph Fenwick, in early life entered the East India Company’s service, and subsequently, in command of his own ship, traded between London and the port of Montreal. He was from Morpeth, Northumberland, England. His mother, Margaret Elizabeth Greig, was a native of Quebec, of Scotch descent. His grandfather belonged to the landed gentry of Northumberland. Dr. Fenwick received his education under the Rev. Mr. Ramsay, a clergyman of the Church of England; and in June, 1841, began the study of medicine and surgery in the Marine and Emigrant Hospital in his native city. His brother, Dr. A. G. Fenwick, was at that time house-surgeon to that institution, and he acted under him as house apothecary. He remained in this position until November, 1842, when he entered the medical department of McGill College, in Montreal. He successfully passed his examination in May, 1846, but not being of age did not receive his diploma until January, 1847, when a special convention of the University was called for the purpose of conferring upon him the degree of doctor in medicine and master in surgery. In May following, Dr. Fenwick was appointed house-surgeon and apothecary to the Montreal General Hospital, which office he filled until December, 1848, when he commenced general practice in Montreal. In 1849 he aided, in conjunction with Dr. Howard, the late Dr. G. D. Gibb (afterwards Sir G. D. Gibb, baronet, M.D., of London, England), and the late Drs. Pelletier, Boyer and Jones, in establishing the Montreal Dispensary, and was one of the attending staff of that institution until November, 1864, when, on the death of Dr. Thomas Walter Jones, he received the appointment of attending surgeon of the Montreal General Hospital. In 1867 he was appointed professor of clinical surgery in McGill University, and held this position until 1876, when, on the resignation of the late Dr. George W. Campbell, he was appointed professor of surgery, which chair he has filled to this time. As a teacher Dr. Fenwick has had long experience in the teaching of surgery. For many years professor of clinical surgery, his lectures were all delivered in the General Hospital, and every student who had the privilege of visiting the wards during his term of service, knows well the keen interest he took in everything concerning the cases in hand. Careful and painstaking himself, he firmly exacted from his assistants, house officers and dressers, a like degree of attention and carefulness in little things. After his promotion to the chair of surgery his lectures were of a more didactic nature, but to them he brought the same spirit of earnest devotion to the cause of science, the same grasp of subject leading to the formation of opinions strongly held, the same care for the important minutiæ, and the same genial and impressive manner which characterized his early teachings in the wards. In 1864 Dr. Fenwick, with his colleague, Dr. F. W. Campbell, established the _Canada Medical Journal_, which he continued to edit until 1879, when he relinquished the editorial chair. As a medical writer he is probably as well known as any in Canada. His articles upon surgical subjects are all terse and logical, and carry the impress of a vigorous and thoughtful mind. His most important papers are those upon lithotomy, of which operation he has probably had a larger experience than any other living surgeon in the Dominion. On excision of bronchocele, his bold operations have commanded the most wide-spread attention, and on excision of the knee-joint and other major operations he has been remarkably successful. He holds the degree of M.D., C.M. from his first university, and has never sought medical honors from any institution abroad; nevertheless, he has been considered worthy of them. He has been elected honorary member of the New Brunswick Medical Society; of the Medical Society of Nova Scotia, and of the Gynæcological Society of Boston. For many years Dr. Fenwick represented the profession of Montreal as one of the governors of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Quebec province. He has served as president of the Medico-Chirurgical Society of Montreal; and was, at the meeting of the Canada Medical Association, held at Ottawa in 1880, elected vice president of that body for Quebec province, and in 1882 was elected president of the association. Dr. Fenwick is an adherent of the Episcopal church; and in politics a Conservative. In 1852 he was married to Eliza Charlotte, daughter of the late Colonel de Hertel, of St. Andrews, Argenteuil. The fruit of this union has been seven children, only three of whom survive.

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=Adams, Rev. Thomas=, M.A., Cambridge, D.C.L., Lennoxville, was born at Paramatta, New South Wales, on September 14, 1847. His father, the Rev. Thomas Adams, was a member of a family in Cornwall, England, of which the eldest brother is J. C. Adams, F.R.S., the celebrated discoverer of the planet Neptune, who, on the retirement of Sir G. B. Airy, declined the position of Astronomer Royal of Great Britain, and is still director of the Cambridge University. Another brother (W. G. Adams, F.R.S.), is a leading authority on electricity and natural philosophy, and occupies the professorial chair in King’s College, London, once held by Wheatstone, and afterwards by Clerk Maxwell. The father of Principal Adams became a missionary in the Friendly Islands (South Pacific), and it was in Australia, on the way to that mission, that Dr. Adams was born. Thomas Adams, sen., is chiefly noted for having been the translator of a great portion of the Bible into Tonguese, and for having been the first who issued a complete edition of the Sacred Book in that language. His mother was Maria French, of Taunton, Somerset. She accompanied his father into the mission field, and gave her life to the work. She died in Vavau in February, 1860. Professor Adams was educated first at Taunton, Somerset, at a large proprietary school, under T. Sibly, B.A.; next at University College, London, under the late Professor de Morgan, in mathematics, and Professor J. R. Seeley, in classics. In November, 1867, he joined the geological survey of England, under Sir A. C. Ramsay, but resigned in April, 1869, owing to a severe sprain. In October, 1869, he entered St. John’s College, Cambridge, and in January, 1873, graduated as 19th wrangler in a first class of thirty-seven. After acting temporarily as professor of mathematics in the Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester, he was appointed mathematical and science master in the Royal Grammar School, Lancaster, and in August, 1874, he became senior mathematical master in the Royal School of St. Peter’s, York. He was ordained deacon in 1874, and priest in 1876, by the present archbishop of York. In 1881, on the occasion of the jubilee meeting of the British Association in York, in conjunction with Dr. T. Anderson, he became local secretary. In December, 1882, he was elected, out of fifty-seven competitors, as the first head master of the High School for boys, Gateshead-on-Tyne, and left there a school of one hundred and fifty boys to accept the position he now holds of principal of the University of Bishop’s College, and rector of the College School, Lennoxville, province of Quebec. He has held this position since August, 1885, and succeeded Dr. Lobley in both offices. In July, 1878, he was married to Annie Stanley, youngest daughter of the late T. Barnes, of London, England.

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=Turnbull, Lieut.-Colonel James Ferdinand=, Commandant of the Royal School of Cavalry, Quebec city, was born in London, England, on the 19th July, 1835, and baptized at Westerham, in Kent, in the same font that had done duty to the ever immortal General Wolfe. He is the eldest son of the late James Turnbull, by his second marriage with Caroline Oldaker, and came to Canada when only one year old with his parents, who settled in Quebec. In 1841 he was sent to St. Andrew’s Church school, under a worthy good master, William Bain, leaving next year to join the school of that excellent teacher and missionary, the Rev. Mr. Handsell, and from there went to the High School on its formation in 1845, where he received his education until May, 1850, when he left school for good and entered the office as junior clerk of the mercantile firm of P. Langlois & Co., on St. Andrew’s wharf. In 1855, upon the formation of the volunteer militia corps, he joined as a private, together with a number of other young men of Quebec, the troop of cavalry that was enrolled that autumn, and his love for horses and riding had an opportunity to display itself. In 1860, at a general meeting of the citizens of Quebec, called at the Merchants’ Exchange, by his Worship the Mayor, Hector Langevin, to form a committee for the reception of H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, Mr. Turnbull was unanimously called upon to act as honorary secretary to the said committee, and performed his arduous duties to the entire satisfaction of the whole community, receiving a very complimentary vote of thanks. In 1861 he received a commission as cornet in No. 2 troop Quebec Volunteer Cavalry, and upon the disbanding of this troop in 1862, was promoted to be lieutenant in No. 3 troop, which subsequently replaced No. 2, and the subject of this sketch was gazetted captain on May 20th, 1864, and visited the American cavalry and their remount depôts during their civil war. In 1865 he proceeded to the Cavalry Depot, Canterbury, for a course of instruction, at the suggestion of Colonel MacDougall, adjutant-general, who saw the necessity of establishing a school of cavalry in Canada; and upon the news of a probable Fenian raid, returned by way of New York in March, 1866, acting both there and on the frontier as intelligence officer to the adjutant-general then in Montreal; subsequently coming on to Quebec and assuming charge of the Quebec cavalry. In 1867 Captain Turnbull went to France, at the suggestion of Sir George Cartier, to study the French cavalry drill, and through the British ambassador in Paris, Lord Lyons, received the necessary permission to visit the regiment at St. Germain, “Les Dragons de l’Imperatrice.” In 1869 he received the brevet rank of major. In 1872 he went with official letters from the Governor-General to England for cavalry instruction, and was attached to the 7th Hussars at Aldershot, returning again in time for the annual drill in camp at Levis the next summer. In 1874 he received the brevet rank of lieutenant-colonel. In 1875 he again proceeded to England for cavalry instruction, and was put on the cavalry staff at Aldershot during the autumn manœuvres, subsequently proceeding to Italy for the winter, and while in Rome had the privilege of a private presentation to His Holiness Pius IX., by Monsignor Stonor. Colonel Turnbull returned to Canada for the drill season of 1876, but shortly afterwards started again for an extended European tour, and while in Paris in the month of April, 1878, received an offer from the War Office, in the probable event of war with Russia, to raise a regiment of cavalry in Canada for service in the East, and spent some weeks in communication with the War office authorities and H.R.H. the Duke of Cambridge, to whom he was presented by Sir Patrick MacDougall, as the best Canadian officer that he knew of to undertake the task,—rendered, however, unnecessary by the celebrated conference at Berlin, when “peace with honour” was concluded. In 1879 Sir Patrick MacDougall cabled from Halifax that Lieut.-Colonel Turnbull was ready to raise a regiment of cavalry for service in South Africa if permission were granted him by the Canadian authorities, the Whitehall “Review” of the 27th March, 1879, remarking upon the offer as follows:—“The Government has found it necessary to decline the offer made by Lieut.-Col. Turnbull to raise a regiment in Canada for service at the Cape, but it has signified its appreciation of the very laudable spirit in which the offer has been made. Colonel Turnbull was lately residing temporarily in England, and made the acquaintance of many officers of our army. He is spoken of as an officer of considerable military ability, and this is not the first occasion on which he has given convincing proof of his loyalty and anxiety to serve the interests of the British Crown.” In 1883 the dominion government having in view the establishment of a cavalry school of instruction, Colonel Turnbull, together with three other commandants of infantry schools, was sent to Aldershot, where he was attached for three months to the 15th Hussars, and on the 21st December, 1883, his official appointment as commandant of the cavalry school corps appeared in the “Gazette.” On the breaking out of the Riel rebellion he was ordered with his corps to the North-West and stationed by General Middleton in the Touchwood Hills, where so much depended upon the several reserves of Indians in that district being prevented from going on the war-path and joining the rebels at Batoche. The tact and firmness displayed in dealing with these bands, had a satisfactory result; and in common with the rest of the expedition, he received the war medal. Besides his military proclivities he has long been an active promoter of sport and general club life, having been a member of the committee of the Turf Club, Hunt Club, Curling Club, Racket Court, Tandem Club, Yacht Club, Rowing Club, Rifle Association, of which he was president; Stadacona Club, and Garrison Club, Quebec. He is also a member of more than one military club in London, and the Royal Canadian Yacht Club, Toronto. Colonel Turnbull was married in June, 1867, to Elizabeth, third daughter of James MacKenzie, of Point Levis. His residence is “Clermont,” St. Louis road, Quebec.

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=Pacaud, Ernest=, Advocate and Journalist, Quebec, was born at Three Rivers, province of Quebec, on the 25th August, 1850. He is a son of the late P. N. Pacaud, in his lifetime notary at Arthabaska. Mr. Pacaud was educated at Nicolet’s College, from September, 1860, to September, 1867, and was admitted to the bar 8th July, 1872. He practised at the Arthabaska bar from 1872 to 14th June, 1878, when he was appointed by the Provincial government, Hon. Mr. Joly at the time being premier, the prothonotary of the Superior Court, clerk of the Crown, and clerk of the Circuit Court at Three Rivers. He was, however, dismissed for political reasons in March, 1880, by the Tory government, headed by the Hon. Mr. Chapleau. He established the _Journal d’ Arthabaska_ in September, 1877, in the interest of the Liberal party, and published it till June, 1878, when he received the appointment of prothonotary at Three Rivers. He took the editorship of _La Concorde_, published at Three Rivers, April, 1880, but on the 15th December, 1880, left the _Concorde_, when called by the leaders of the Liberal party to take the editorship of _L’Electeur_, a daily morning paper published in the city of Quebec, and the chief Liberal organ in the province. He is now the proprietor and chief editor of _L’Electeur_. He ran as a representative for the local house in Drummond and Arthabaska in January, 1874, after Hon. Mr. Laurier’s resignation in the Legislative Assembly, to run for the House of Commons at Ottawa. He also was a candidate for the House of Commons in Bellechasse, at the general elections of 1882, but was defeated by Colonel Amyot, then the Tory candidate. He is Catholic in religion, and a Liberal in politics. Mr. Pacaud accompanied, in 1881, the Hon. Messrs. Blake, Laurier, and Huntingdon in their political tour in Nova Scotia, as correspondent for the French Liberal press of the province of Quebec. He was married on the 23rd August, 1876, to Marie Louise Camille Turcotte, daughter of the late Hon. J. E. Turcotte, who was a speaker of the House of Commons and member of the government under the union of the two Canadas, and sister of the Hon. A. Turcotte, Speaker of the House of Assembly of Quebec from 1878 to 1881, and now commissioner of crown lands in the Mercier government.

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=Doucet, Laman R.=, Bathurst, Sheriff of the County of Gloucester, New Brunswick, was born at Bathurst on the 25th of August, 1847. His parents were Romain D. Doucet and Marie DeGrâce. His father was of Acadian descent; and his grandfather one of the first French settlers after the expulsion of the Acadians from old Acadia in 1755. His mother was of Spanish descent, her grandfather having come from Spain to America about the year 1781, when only about seventeen years of age, with his uncle, Admiral DeGrâce, who was in command of a French fleet, and who figured conspicuously on the side of freedom at the siege of Yorktown, when the last successful effort was made for American independence in 1781. Sheriff Doucet was educated in the schools of his native parish, and succeeded in securing a good French and English education. He is a man of great energy of character, and through his own almost unaided exertions he now stands high among his fellow countrymen. In April, 1881, he was appointed sheriff of his native county, being the second gentleman of French origin who has attained to this position in the province of New Brunswick. Since his appointment he has acted as returning officer in all the local and federal elections in Gloucester county. In religion he is an adherent of the Roman Catholic church. He was married on the 19th July, 1876, to Margaret Dion, of Bathurst.

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