Chapter 36

Socour, _sb._ succour, C2, C3; socowre, Prompt.—AF. _sucur_, _soccour_, OF. _socors_; Late Lat. _succursus_ (Ducange).

Sodeyn, _adj._ sudden, C2, C3; sodeynly, _adv._ suddenly, S3, C2; sodeynliche, S2.—AF. _sodeyne_; Late Lat. _subitanum_, see BH, § 122.

Softe, _adj._ soft, warm, mild, gentle, S, S2, C3; _adv._ gently, luxuriously, S2, S, C3; softeliche, gently, S; softely, C3. _Comb._: zoft-hede, _sb._ softness, S2.—AS. _sófte_.

Sohte, _pt. s._ sought, S, S2; see Sechen.

Soke, _sb._ the exercise of judicial power, PP, SkD. _Der._: soken, the territory or precinct in which public privileges were exercised, SkD; sokne, PP; (Rotland)-sokene, (Rutland)shire, P.—AS. _sóc_, the exercise of judicial power; _sócn_, _sócen_, an enquiry; see Schmid.

Sokelynge, _sb._ suckling, Prompt.

Sokelynge, _sb._ a herb, _locusta_, Prompt.

Sokyl-blome, _sb._ _locusta_, Voc.—From a form *_sokel_, that which sucks. Cp. Hony-souke.

Solas, _sb._ rest, solace, pleasure, merriment, G, C2, PP, SkD.—AF. _solas_, OF. _solaz_, Lat. _solatium_; see BH, § 143.

Solde, should; see Scholde.

Solempne, _adj._ solemn, grand, festive, magnificent, C2, C3, Prompt.; solempnely, _adv._ with pomp, S2, C2, C3; solenliche, PP.—AF. _solempne_; Lat. _solemnem_.

Solempnite, _sb._ festivity, C, Prompt.—AF. _sollempnitee_; Lat. _solemnitatem_.

Solere, _sb._ an upper room, loft, Prompt., Voc., HD; throne, H; soler, W, Voc., HD; soller, Palsg.; stage of a house, ND; sollar, HD, Palsg.—AF. _soler_, _solair_, OF. _solier_; Late Lat. _solarium_ (Voc.); cp. AS. _solere_ (Grein), OS. _soleri_. OHG. _soleri_ (Tatian), _solári_, the prætorium of Pilate, also a guest-chamber (Otfrid), Du. _zolder_.

Soleyne, _adj._ solitary, hating company, sullen, PP, Prompt.; soleyn, PP, W2; sollein, S3.—OF. _solain_, solitary, pertaining to one alone: Late Lat. *_solanum_, from Lat. _solus_.

Somdel; see under Sum.

Some, _sb._ concord, S.—AS. _sóme_.

Somed, _adv._ together, S; somet, S; see Samed.

Somer, _sb._ summer, C; sumer, S; someres, _gen. s._, C2, C3. _Comb._: somer-game, summer-game, P.—AS. _sumor_: OS. _sumar_; cp. OHG. _sumar_ (Tatian).

Somme, _sb._ sum, S3, C3; some, S3; summe, Prompt.—AF. _summe_ (_sume_); Lat. _summa_.

Somnen, _v._ to join, S; see Samnen.

Sompne, _v._ to summon, PP, CM; someny, PP; somony, S2; somoni, S; somownyn, Prompt.; somondis, _pr. s._, H; sumundis, H; somened, _pp._, W.—AF. _somoundre_ (pr. p. _somonant_), OF. _semondre_; Late Lat. _submōnĕre_; Lat. _sub_ + _mŏnēre_.

Sompnour, _sb._ summoner, one who cites before an ecclesiastical court, C, PP; sumpnour, S2; somnour, PP; somner, PP; somenour, PP; sumnowre, Prompt.—AF. _sumenour_.

Somwat; see under Sum.

Sond, _sb._ sand, S, S2, C, PP; sand, PP; sonde, _dat._, S.—AS. _sand_.

Sond, _sb._ a dish or mess of food; sand, gift, S2; sonde, _dat._, S; sonden, _pl._, S; sandon, S.—AS. _sand_, ‘ferculum’ (Voc.).

Sonde, _sb._ a sending, message, gift sent, also mission, embassy, messenger, S, S2, C3, P, G, H (p. 497); sonden, _pl._, S; sondes, S. _Comb._: sondezmon, messenger, S2; sandesman, SD; sandismene, _pl._, HD.

Sonder. _Comb._: sonderemen, messengers, S; sanderbodes, messengers, S.—AS. _sander_ in _sandermen_ (Chron. ann. 1123).

Sondry, separate, C2; see Sunder.

Sone, _sb._ son, S, S2, C2, G; sune, S; zone, S2; sun, S2. _Comb._: sone in lawe, son-in-law, C2.—AS. _sunu_: Goth. _sunus_.

Sone, _adv._ forthwith, quickly, soon, S, G, S2, C2, PP; soune, S3; son, S2; soyn, S2; sonest, _superl._, C2; sonnest, P.—AS. _sóna_, see Sievers, 317.

Song, _pt. s._ sang, C2; see Syngen.

Songe, _sb._ song, Prompt.; sang, S, S3; zang, S2; songes, _pl._, S.—AS. _sang_.

Songe-warie, _sb._ the observation of dreams, P.—OF. _songe_; Lat. _somnium_, dream.

Sonne, _sb._ sun, S, S2, C2, P; sunne, S, S2, Prompt. _Comb._: sunne-bem, sunbeam, S; Sunnen-dæi, Sunday, S; sunne-dei, S; sunedai, S; sunedei, S; sone-dæi, S; soneday, S, G; sonendayes, _pl._, S2; sunne-risindde, sun-rising, S.—AS. _sunne_: OS. _sunna_.

Soop, _pt. t._ of Sup.

Soope, _sb._ soap, Prompt.; sape, S.—AS. _sápe_; Lat. _sāpo_.

Soot, Soote, _adj._ sweet, S3; see Swete.

Sooth, Soothly; see Soth.

Sop, _pt. s._ created, S; see Schapen.

Sope, _pp._ of Sup.

Soper, _sb._ supper, C, C2, G; see Souper.

Sophyme, _sb._ a sophism, C2; sophimes, _pl._, subtleties, C2.—OF. _sophisme_ (Cotg.); Gr. σόφισμα.

Soppe, _sb._ a sop, Cath., PP; sop, C; soppis, _pl._, S3.

Sopun, _pp._ of Sup.

Sore, _v._ to soar, mount aloft, C2, CM.—OF. _essorer_ (Cotg.); Late Lat. *_exaurare_, to expose to the _air_ (Lat. _aura_).

Sore, _adj._ and _adv._ sore, painful, S, C2, G; sare, S2, S; sar, S, S3, S2; soore, Prompt.; sair, B.—AS. _sár_.

Sore, _sb._ sore, misery, C2; sor, S; sar, S; soore, Prompt.—AS. _sár_.

Soren, _pp._ shorn, S; see Schere.

Sort, _sb._ destiny, chance, lot, C, W; sorte, turn (= Lat. _vice_), W.—AF. _sort_; Lat. _sortem_.

Sorwe, _sb._ sorrow, S, S2, CM, C2; sorȝe, S; zorȝe, S2; soriȝe, S; soreȝe, S; sareȝe, S; soreghe, S2; seorewe, S; serewe, S; seoruwe, S; serwe, S2; soru, S2; sorhe, S; sorewe, S, S2.—AS. _sorh_: OS. _sorga_.

Sorwe-ful, _adj._ sorrowful, C; sorful, S; sorwefully, _adv._ sorrowfully, C2.

Sorwen, _v._ to sorrow, CM; serrȝheþþ, _pr. s._, S.—AS. _sorgian_.

Sorwynge, _sb._ sorrowing, CM; sorewyngis, _pl._, W.

Sory, _adj._ sorry, wretched, painful, grievous, Prompt., S2, C, C2, PP, G; sori, S, S2, PP; sari, S; særi, S; sariliche, _adv._, S; soryly, Prompt. _Comb._: sorymod, sad in mind, S.—AS. _sárig_.

Sorynesse, _sb._ sadness, Prompt.; sorinesse, S.—AS. _sárignes_.

Soster, _sb._ sister, S2; see Suster.

Sote, _adj._ sweet, C2, C3; see Swete.

Soth, _adj._ and _sb._ true, truth, sooth, soothsaying, S, S2, C3, P, H; sooth, C2; suth, S2; sothe, W, S2, S3, P; soothe, S3; zoþe, S2; sothely, _adv._, verily, PP, W; soothly, C2. _Comb._: soðfast, true, S, S3, H; sothefast, W; soothfastnesse, truth, C2, C3, H; sothnes, truth, S2, H; sothnesse, S2, P; sothriht, truly, S.—AS. _sóð_ (for *_sonð_, *_sanð_); cp. Icel. _sannr_ (for *_sanðr_); cp. Dan. _sand_.

Sothe, _adj._ south, S3; see Sowthe.

Sothien, _v._ to verify, SD, SkD (s.v. _soothe_); i-soðet, _pp._, S.—AS. _ge-sóðian_.

Sothroun, _adj._ southern, S3; see Sowtherne.

Sotte, _sb._ fool, S, Prompt., PP; sot, S, S2; sottes, _gen._, S, S2. _Der._: sotlice, foolishly, S; sotschipe, folly, S; sotted, besotted, C3.—OF. _sot_.

Sotyle, _adj._ subtle, fine-wrought, crafty, ingenious, Prompt.; sotyl, PP; sotil, PP, C; sotel, PP; sutelle, Cath.; sutaille, S3; sotely, _adv._, PP; suteli, W.—AF. _sotil_, _sutil_; Lat. _subtīlem_.

Sotyle, _v._ to reason subtly, to make use of cunning, PP; sotilen, PP; sutils, _pr. s._, makes subtle, H.

Sotylte, _sb._ skill, Prompt.; sotilte, C3.—AF. _sotiltee_; Lat. _subtilitatem_.

Souchen, _v._ to suspect, SD, HD; souches, _pr. s._, S2.—OF. _suscher_; Late Lat. *_suspicare_, for Lat. _suspicari_, see Diez, p. 681, and BH, § 152.

Souden, _v._ to pay, PP. See Sowde.

Soudly, _adj._ dirty, S3.—Cp. Northern E. _suddill_, to dirty (JD), also G. _sudeln_, to do dirty work.

Souerty, _sb._ surety, S3; see Surety.

Soufre, _sb._ sulphur, S2; soulfre, CM.—OF. _soufre_, _soulfre_ (Cotg.); Late Lat. _sulfurem_.

Souken, _v._ to suck, C2, S2, W2; sowken, S3. _Comb._: soukynge-fere, foster-brother, W.—AS. _súcan_, pt. _séac_, pp. _socen_.

Soule, _sb._ soul, PP, S, S2; sowle, S, C; saule, S, S2, H; sawle, S; saull, S3; soulen, _pl._, S, S2; saulen, S; sawless, S; sowle, S; zaulen, S2. _Comb._: soule hele, soul’s salvation, PP; sawel hel, S2.—AS. _sáwol_, _sáwle_: Goth. _saiwala_.

Soun, _sb._ sound, S2, S3, C2, W2, H: sown, H, W, W2; sowne, S2; son, S2; sownde, Prompt.—AF. _soun_, OF. _son_; Lat. _sonum_.

Sound, _sb._ a swoon, S3; see Swowne.

Sounen, _v._ to sound, C2, PP; sownen, C2, S2, W2, PP; sowndyn, Prompt.; sunen, S.—AF. _suner_, _soner_; Lat. _sonare_.

Sounyng, _sb._ sounding, S2.

Soupen, _v._ to sup, drink gradually, to eat supper, P, W, C2; sowpen, S3.—OF. _souper_. Of Teutonic origin. Cp. Sup.

Souper, _sb._ supper, C; soper, C, C2, G.—OF. _souper_, AF. _soper_.

Souple, _adj._ supple, pliant, C, C2.—OF. _souple_, beaten, defeated (Bartsch); Lat. _supplicem_, submissive.

Soure, _adj._ sour, acid, PP; sur, S; soure, _adv._ sourly, C2, P. _Comb._: sourdouȝ, leaven, W; sourdow, W; sourdowȝ, W.—AS. _súr_; cp. Icel. _súrr_ and _súrdegi_ (Matt. 13. 33).

Souren, _v._ to sour; sowrid, _pp._, made sour, W.

Sours, _sb._ source, origin, C2; soaring, CM.—OF. _sourse_, a spring of water; Late Lat. _sursa_, a late pp. f. form from Lat. _surgere_ (OF. _sordre_, pp. _sors_, _sours_).

Souse, _v._ to strike, dash, RD, SkD; souce, Spenser 1. See below.

Souse, _sb._ the downward plunge of a bird of prey, RD. (Originally the same as Sours, used of a hawk’s flight.—W. W. S.)

Soutere, _sb._ cobbler, S3; souter, PP; sowter, Cath., ND.—AS. _sútere_ (Voc.); Lat. _sutor_.

Souteresse, _sb._ a woman shoe-seller, P.

Souenaunce, _sb._ remembrance, S3.—OF. _sovenance_, also _souvenance_ (Cotg.), from _sovenir_; Lat. _subuenire_.

Souerentè, _sb._ sovereignty, Prompt.; souerayntee, C2.—AF. _soverainte_.

Souereyn, _adj._ and _sb._ supreme, sovereign, C, C2, C3; souereynes, _pl._, superiors, P, W; sufrayns, H; souereyneste, _superl._, W2; soueraignly, _adv._, C.—AF. _soverein_; Late Lat. *_superanum_.

Sowdan, _sb._ sultan, S2, C3.—OF. _soudan_, _souldan_; Arab. _sultân_.

Sowdanesse, _sb._ sultaness, S2, C3.

Sowde, _v._ to strengthen; sowdid, _pp._ (= Lat. _consolidatae_), W.—OF. _souder_ (Cotg.): It. _soldare_; Lat. _solidare_, see SkD (s.v. _solder_).

Sowde, _sb._ stipend, pay, W; sowd, Prompt.; sowdis, _pl._, W.—OF. _soude_; Lat. _soldum_, a sum of money, from _solidus_.

Sowdyowre, _sb._ one that fights for pay, soldier, Prompt.; soudiour, S3.—Cp. OF. _soudoier_ (Ducange).

Sowen, _v._ to sow, S, PP; sawe, S; souwen, PP; sewe, _pt. s._, W; sew, H; sewen, _pl._, S; seowe, _pt. s. subj._, S; sowun, _pp._, W; sowe, G; ȝe-sawen, S.—AS. _sáwan_.

Sowse, _v._ to immerse in brine, to plunge in water, to drench with rain, Palsg., S3; soused, _pp._, pickled, Sh.; soust, drenched, Spenser 1.—From OF. _sause_, sauce; Lat. _salsa_, salted.

Sowse, _sb._ a dish of pickled food, _succidium_, Voc.

Sowthe, _adj._ south, Prompt.; sothe, S3; suð, S. _Comb._: Souþ-hamtessire, Hampshire, S2; Suð-sæxe, Sussex, SD.—AS. _súð_: OHG. _sund-ana_, from the south (Tatian).

Sowtherne, _adj._ southern, Prompt.; souþeron, S2; southren, C3; sothroun, S3; suthroun, S3.

Soyr, _adj._ brown (as of withered leaves), S3.—OF. _sor_ (Roland); cp. F. _saure_. Of Teutonic origin. See Seere.

Spæc, _pt. s._ of Speken, q.v.

Spæche, _sb._ speech, S; see Speche.

Spak, _adj._ wise, prudent, quiet, gentle, SD; spake, HD; spakliche, _adv._, SD; spakli, S2.—Icel. _spakr_, quiet, gentle, wise.

Spale, _sb._ a chip of wood, splinter, S, SD; spalle, Prompt.; spolle, Prompt.; spole, Voc.—Icel. _spölr_ (_spala_, gen. pl.).

Spang, _sb._ a metal fastening, brooch, clasp, buckle; spangs, _pl._, S3.—AS. _spange_ (Grein).

Spangele, _sb._ a small plate of shining metal used to ornament a bridle, _lorale_, Prompt.

Spanyn, _v._ to wean, Prompt.; spane, HD; spaned, H, Cath.—Cp. G. _spänen_, OHG. (_bi_)_spenjan_, Du. _spenen_, see Weigand; cp. also AS. _spana_, ‘ubera’ (Voc.).

Spanynge, _sb._ a weaning, _ablactacio_, Cath., Prompt.

Sparkle, _sb._ spark. Prompt. _Comb._: deed-sparcle (= Lat. _fauilla_), W2.

Sparlire, _sb._ the calf of the leg, HD; sparlyuer, _sura_, Trevisa (5. 355); sperlyuer, _musculus_, Voc.—AS. _spear-líra_, ‘sura’ (Deut. 28. 35), _speoru-líra_ (OET.).

Sparre, _sb._ a beam, bar, spar, C, S3, Prompt., Cath.—AS. _speoru_ (Voc.); cp. Icel. _sparri_.

Sparthe, _sb._ axe, battle-axe, Prompt., Cath.; sparth, C, WA.—Icel. _sparða_.

Sparwe, _sb._ sparrow, C, S2; sparowe, Prompt. _Comb._: spar-hauk, sparrow-hawk, C2; sperhauke, P.—AS. _spearwa_.

Spatel, _sb._ spittle, S; see Spotil.

Spateling, _sb._ spitting, S.

Spealie, _v._ to tell, S; see Spellien.

Spec, _pt. s._ of Speken, q.v.

Spece, _sb._ species, kind, S, Prompt.—Lat. _speciem_. Cf. Spice.

Speche, _sb._ speech, S, S2, PP; spæche, S; spek, S2.—AS. _spǽc_ (Voc.). See Speken.

Sped, _sb._ success, speed, S; speed, Prompt.—AS. _spéd_.

Spede-ful, _adj._ profitable, W; speedful, C3; spedfullest, _superl._, S3.

Speden, _v._ to succeed, prosper, speed, S, S2, S3; spet, _pr. s._, speeds, goes on, G; spedith, profits, S3, W2; spedde, _pt. s._, S, C2; sped, _pp._, S3.—AS. _spédan_.

Speir, _sb._ sphere, S3; see Spere.

Speken, _v._ to speak, S, S2; spæken, S; spece, _1 pr. s._, S; specð, _pr. s._, S; spæc, _pt. s._, S; spac, S, S2; spak, S, S2; spec, S, spek, S; spake, _2 pt. s._, S, G; speke, S; spækenn, _pl._, S; speken, S; speke, S2; speeke, S2; spekene, _ger._, S; speokene, S; i-speken, _pp._, S; ispeke, S.—AS. _specan_ (for _sprecan_), pt. _spæc_, pp. _specen_.

Spell, _sb._ a discourse, story, S; spelle, _dat._, S, S2, C2.—AS. _spell_.

Spellien, _v._ to relate, speak; spellen, S, PP; spealie, S; spilien, S.—AS. _spellian_.

Spellinge, _sb._ recital, Prompt., S2.

Spence, _sb._ provision-room, larder, G, Prompt.; spense, Voc.; expense, G, W.—OF. _despense_ (Constans); Late Lat. _dispensa_ (Voc.).

Spencer, _sb._ officer having charge of the provisions, G; spenser, G; sponcere, Prompt.—OF. _despensier_; Late Lat. _dispensarium_ (acc.).

Spenden, _v._ to use, spend, Prompt., PP; spene, S, PP; spende, _pt. pl._, S2; i-spend, _pp._, S; spendid, W; sponded, G. _Comb._: spending-siluer, money to spend, C3.—AS. _spendan_ (in compounds); Lat. _dispendere_.

Spennen, _v._ to stretch, embrace, grasp, SD; spendyd, _pt. s._, grasped, S3; spend, _pp._, SD.—Icel. _spenna_; cp. AS. _spannan_, to bind, OHG. (_gi_)_spannan_ (Otfrid); see Weigand.

Spercled, _pp._ scattered, flung abroad, S3 (24. 67).

Sperd, _pt. s._ of Spiren, q.v.

Spere, _sb._ sphere, Prompt., CM; speir, S3.—OF. _espere_; Late Lat. _spera_, _sphera_; Gr. σφαῖρα.

Spere, _sb._ spear, S, C, Prompt.—AS. _spere_; cp. OHG. _sper_ (Tatian).

Speren, _v._ to fasten with a _spar_, to close, S, Cath.; sperre, Cath.; speride, _pt. s._, S2; sperd, _pp._, S, H; sperrid, H.—AS. _sparrian_. See Sparre.

Sperhauke, _sb._ sparrow-hawk, P; see under Sparwe.

Sperling, _sb._ a small fish, S2; sperlynge, Cath., Voc.; sparlynge, Cath. (_n_); spurling, Cath. (_n_).—OF. _esperlan_, smelt (Cotg.).

Spet, _pr. s._ of Speden, q.v.

Speten, _v._ to spit, S, W2, Voc., CM; spette, _pt. s._, W, SD; spete, W; speten, _pl._, W; spetide, _pt. s._, W.—AS. _spǽtan_, pt. _spǽtte_.

Spewen, _v._ to vomit, Cath.; spue, W2.—AS. _spíwan_, pt. _spáw_, pp. _spiwen_.

Spice, _sb._ species, kind, spice, W; spyce, Voc.; spices, _pl._, S, P. _Comb._: spicelike, with spices, S; spices ware, spicery, S.—OF. _espice_; Late Lat. _spĕcia_ (for Lat. _spĕciem_), see BH, § 32. See Spece.

Spicer, _sb._ dealer in spices, P, S2; spyserez, _pl._, S2.

Spicerye, _sb._ spicery, S2, C2, C3.—AF. _spicerie_.

Spie, _sb._ spy, PP; see Aspie.

Spien, _v._ to spy, to look after, to watch, S; see Espye.

Spilen, _v._ to play, S; spilede, _pt. s._, S.—Icel. _spila_; cp. G. _spielen_.

Spilien, _v._ to speak, S; see Spellien.

Spillen, _v._ to perish, also to destroy, S, S2, C2, C3, P; spyllen, S2; spill, S3; spilt, _pp._, killed, C3; y-spilte, PP.—AS. _spillan_, to destroy (Grein).

Spire, _sb._ shoot, scion, blade, tall grass, reed, PP, S, G, CM; spyre, Prompt., PP, Palsg.; spier, W2.

Spiren, _v._ to enquire, speer, PP; speren, PP; speoren, PP; spuren, PP; spirs, _imp. pl._, S2; spird, _pt. pl._, S2; sperd, _pt. s._, S3.—AS. _spyrian_, to make a track, from _spor_, track, see SkD (s.v. _spur_).

Splene, _sb._ the spleen, Prompt.; splen, SkD. _Phr._: on the splene, suddenly, S3; fro the splene, with sudden fervour, rapidly, S3.—Lat. _splen_.

Spoile, _sb._ booty, SkD; spuylis, _pl._, W2. See below.

Spoilen, _v._ to plunder, W (Mk. 3. 27); spuyle, W; spuylid, _pp._, W2.—OF. _spolier_ (Cotg.); Lat. _spoliare_; see BH, § 64.

Spone, _sb._ a chip, splinter of wood, spoon, C3, Prompt.; spoon, C2. _Comb._: span-newe, span new, SkD; spon-neowe, SkD.—AS. _spón_; cp. Icel. _spónn_, also _spánn_; cp. G. _spannen_ (Weigand).

Spore, _sb._ spur, PP, Prompt., C, G.—AS. _spora_.

Spotil, _sb._ spittle, W; spotele, W2; spatel, S.—AS. _spátl_.

Spousaille, _sb._ wedding, C2; spousail, C2; sposailis, _pl._, W.—OF. _espousailles_.

Spouse, _sb._ spouse, bridegroom, bride, W; spuse, S; spowse, Prompt. _Comb._: spousbreche, adulterer, SD; spusbruche, adultery, SD; spousebrekere, adulterer, W; spoushod, marriage, S2.—AF. _espouse_ (_espuse_); Lat. _sponsam_; also OF. _espos_, _spous_; Lat. _sponsum_; see BH, § 169.

Spousen, _v._ to espouse, W, S2, C2; spousi, S2; i-spoused, _pp._, S2; y-spoused, S2; i-spused, S.—OF. _espouser_; Lat. _sponsare_.

Sprangis, _sb. pl._ diffused rays of various colours, S3.

Spraulin, _v._ to sprawl, SD; sprawel, S2; sprauleden, _pt. pl._, S.—AS. _spréawlian_ (cited by Zupitza from _Bouloneser Glossen_, see _Studium der neueren Sprachen_, July, 1886).

Sprayngis, _sb. pl._ sprinklings, S3. See Sprengen.

Spreden, _v._ to spread, PP, S, S2; spradde, _pt. s._, C2; spredd, _pp._, S; sprad, C; y-sprad, C2.—AS. _sprǽdan_.

Spreit, _sb._ spirit, S3; spyryte, Prompt.—Lat. _spiritus_.

Sprengen, _v._ to sprinkle, W, G; sprente, _pt. s._, S3; spreynten, _pl._, W2; spreynd, _pp._, S2, C2, C3, W; spreind, W; spreynt, W; y-spreynd, C.—AS. _sprengan_, causal of _springan_.

Sprengen, _v._ to spring, to be diffused; sprent, _pt. s._, S3.—AS. _sprengan_, to spring (Sweet).

Sprenkelin, _v._ to sprinkle, to dart, Prompt.; sprynkland, _pr. p._, darting in various directions (of fish in the water), S3.

Spring, _sb._ a rod, sprig, PP; sprynge, P; sprenges, _pl._, W2.

Springen, _v._ to spring, to arise, to dawn, PP, S, C2; sprynge, PP; sprenge, _pr. s. subj._, W; sprang, _pt. s._, S; sprong, S; sprungen, _pp._, S2; sprunge, S; sprongen, S3; spronge, C; i-sprunge, S. _Der._: springing, beginning, source, C2.—AS. _springan_, pt. _sprang_ (pl. _sprungon_), pp. _sprungen_.

Springen, _v._ to make to spring, rouse; sprange, _pt. pl._, S3. See below.

Springen, _v._ to sprinkle, C2; y-spronge, _pp._, S2. _Der._: springyng, sprinkling, W. See Sprengen.

Sprutlyt, _pp._ speckled, S3. See SkD (s.v. _sprout_).

Sprynkland; see Sprenkelin.

Spurn, _sb._ a kick, S3.

Spurnen, _v._ to kick, Prompt., C2, SkD; spurnde, _pt. s._, S2.—AS. _speornan_.

Spuyle, _v._ to plunder, W; see Spoilen.

Spuylis, _pl._ spoils, W; see Spoile.

Spynke, _sb._ finch, _rostellus_, Voc.; spink, Cotg., JD, HD; spynk, S3 (s.v. _gold_). Cp. Gr. σπίγγος, and OF. _pinçon_ (BH), F. _pinson_.

Spynnare, _sb._ spinner, spider, Prompt.; spinner, Sh., HD.

Spynnen, _v._ to spin, Prompt.

Spynstare, _sb._ a woman who spins, Prompt.; spynnester, PP; spinster, S2, PP, Sh.

Spyrakle, _sb._ the breath of life, S2.—Lat. _spiraculum uitae_, Gen. 7. 22 (Vulg.).

Squames, _sb. pl._ scales, C3.—Lat. _squama_.

Squaymous, _adj._ loth, fastidious, CM; see Skeymowse.

Squier, _sb._ squire, S, C2; squyer, C2, S2.—OF. _esquïer_, _escuier_; Late Lat. _scutarium_, from Lat. _scutum_, shield; cp. It. _scudiére_.

Squyler, _sb._ dish-washer, S2; sqwyllare, Prompt., SkD (s.v. _scullery_); swyllere, Voc.—OF. _sculier_ (Ducange); Late Lat. _scutelarium_, one in charge of the dishes (Ducange); from Lat. _scutella_. (It seems to have been confused with _swiller_; see SkD, s.v. _scullery_.—W. W. S.)

Squylerey, _sb._ room for washing dishes in, a scullery, SkD.—Cp. OF. _esculier_; Late Lat. _scutellarium_, ‘locus ubi reponuntur scutellae’ (Ducange). See above.

Sqware, _adj._ square, Prompt.; sware, S2.—OF. _esquarre_; Lat. _ex_ + _quadram_; cp. It. _squadra_.

Srid, _pt. s._ clothed, S; see Schrouden.

Srud, _sb._ dress, S; see Schroud.

Ss-; see Sch-.

Sseawere, _sb._ a mirror, S2; see Schawere.

Sseawy, _v._ to show, S2; see Schewen.

Ssedde; see under Scheden.

Ssede; see under Schade.

Ssolde, should; see Scholde.

Ssoldren, _pl._ shoulders, S2; see Schuldere.

Stable, _adj._ constant, firm, fixed, C2, W, PP; stabli, _adv._, W.—AF. _estable_; Lat. _stabilem_.

Stable, _v._ to establish, confirm, to cause to rest, S3, W, P, C; y-stabled, S3.—OF. _establir_.

Stablischen, _v._ to establish, W; stablisse, PP.—OF. _establiss-_, stem of _establissant_, pp. of _establir_.

Stac, _pt. s._ closed up, S2; see Steken.

Stad, _pp._ bestead, circumstanced, beset, WA, S2.—Icel. _staddr_, circumstanced, Swed. _stadd_.

Staf, _sb._ a staff, stick, a letter of the alphabet, PP, SD; staffe, Prompt.; staues, _pl._, S2, PP. _Comb._: stef-creft, the art of grammar, S; staf-slinge, staff-sling, C2; staff-slynge, HD; staff-slyngere, staff-slinger, HD.—AS. _stæf_, staff, stick, twig, letter written on a twig, see Weigand (s.v. _buchstab_); cp. Icel. _stafr_, OHG. _stab_, _buohstab_ (Tatian).

Staire, _adj._ steep, WA; stayre, WA (_n_).

Staire, _sb._ stair, ladder, WA.—AS. _stǽger_. See Stien.

Stal, Stall, _pt. s._ of Stelen.

Stale, _sb._ stealing, S.—AS. _stalu_.

Stalken, _v._ to step slowly, C, G; stalkyn, Prompt.; stalked him, _pt. s. refl._, C2.—AS. _stealcian_; see Sweet, _Anglo-Saxon Primer_, 83. 37.

Stalle, _sb._ place, state, station, prison, stall, booth, PP, Prompt.; steal, S; stal, Prompt.; stale, S3.—AS. _steal_: OHG. _stal_ (Otfrid).

Stallit, _pp._ placed, S3.

Stallyn, _v._ to enthrone prelates, Prompt.

Stalworðe, _adj._ stout, strong, sturdy, S2, G; stalworth, PP, H (pp. 26, 87); stalword, S2; stalworthy, S3, Prompt.; stalworþest, _superl._, S2; stalwortly, _adv._ sturdily, S2. _Comb._: stalworth-hede, stalwartness, S2.—AS. _stælwurð_ (Chron. ann. 896).

Stamyn, _sb._ stamine, linsey-woolsey cloth, a garment made of that material, Prompt., Cath. (_n_); stamin, S; stamine, HD.—OF. _estamine_, tamine, also a strainer (Cotg.).

Stamyn, _sb._ the stem, bows of a vessel, S2; stamyne, Cath. (_n_).—Icel. _stafn_, _stamn_, a post, prow-post, also stern-post; cp. It. _stamine_, the upright ribs or pieces of timber of the inside of a ship, of our shipwrights called foot-stocks (Florio).

Standen, _v._ to stand, to cost, be valid, S; stonden, S, S2, C2, W; stant, _pr. s._, S, S2, S3; stont, S; stand, S2; stonte, S2; stode, _pt. s._, S2; _pl._, S2; stoden, S2, C2; stude, S3; i-stonde, _pp._, S.—AS. _standan_, pt. _stód_, pp. _ge-standen_.

Stane, _sb. dat._ stone, S; see Stoon.

Stang, _sb._ stagnant pool; stanc, S2; stank, HD; stangis, _pl._, H; stangeȝ, S2; staunkis, H.—OF. _estang_, _estan_ (_estanc_); Lat. _stagnum_.

Stangen, _v._ to prick, to throb, HD, H. _Der._: stangynge, torment, H.

Stannyris, _sb. pl._ the small stones and gravel at the side of a river, S3. See Stoon.

Staple, _sb._ a loop of iron in a wall used for fastening chains, S3 (p. 472).—AS. _stapul_ (Voc.).

Starf, _pt. s._ died, S2, C2; see Steruen.

Starin, _v._ to stare, also to shine, glitter, SD; stare, C2, S3, PP; starinde, _pr. p._, S; stareand, S2.—AS. _starian_.

Stark, _adj._ strong, firm, severe, S, S3; starrc, S; starke, _pl._, C2.—AS. _stearc_: OS. _starc_.

Starnys, _pl._ stars, S3; see Sterne.

Stat, _sb._ state, condition, S2; staat, existence (= Lat. _status_), W. Cf. Estat.

Staþelien, to establish; ȝe-staþeled, _pp._, S.—AS. _ge-staðelod_.

Staþelnesse, _sb._ stability, SD; staþelnes, S2.—AS. _staðolnes_.

Statut, _sb._ statute, PP; statute, PP; statutes, _pl._, S2, PP. _Comb._: statute-staple, the staple to which a prisoner is by law attached, S3.—AF. _statut_ (_estatut_); Lat. _statutum_.

Stauez, _pr. s._ stows away, S2; stawed, _pp._, S2; see Stowyn.

Steal, _sb._ place, state, S; see Stalle.

Steapre; see Stepe.

Steaȝ, _pt. s._ of Stien, q.v.

Stede, _sb._ steed, horse, S, C2, PP, WA. _Comb._: stede-bac, horseback, PP.—AS. _stéda_, from _stód_, a collection of horses, a stud.