Chapter 31

Purueyen, _v._ to provide, W2, C2, PP; puruay, S2, H; poruayen, H; porueynde, _pr. p._, S2; purueid, _pp._, S3; pourveid, S2; porueid, S2.—AF. _purveier_, _purvëer_, for OF. _porvëoir_; Lat. _prouidēre_.

Puðeren, _v._ to poke about, S (9. 96).

Putten, _v._ to put, push, PP, W; puten, S; puiten, PP; puttide, _pt. s._, S2; potte, S2; pot, _pl._, S2; putten to, added, assented, W; put, _pp._, H; y-put, C3; i-put, G.

Puttynge, _sb._ pushing, instigation, H.

Puyssant, _adj._ powerful, SkD; puissant, S3.—OF. _puissant_, _poissant_; Late Lat. *_pocsentem_, *_possentem_ (cp. It. _possente_), from Lat. _posse_, to be able; see Constans (Notes, p. 23).

Puyssaunce, _sb._ might, power, HD; puysaunce, S3; piscence, S3.—OF. _puissance_, _poissance_.

Pykare, _sb._ a little thief, Prompt.; pykers, _pl._, PP.

Pyke, _sb._ a pike, pointed pole, staff furnished with a spike, Prompt.; pyk, S2; pykis, _pl._, thorns, prickles, S3. _Comb._: pyk-staf, pike-staff, PP.

Pyken, _v._ to pick, to steal, PP, Prompt.; picke, WW; pykkand, _pr. p._, S3; pikid, _pt. s._, PP. _Comb._: pyke-herneis, plunderers of armour, PP; pyke-hernois, PP; pyke-porse, one who steals a purse, PP; picke-purse, S3; pick-purse, a name for Paris, S3 (p. 374); pike-purs, C. Cf. Picchen.

Pykeys, _sb._ a mattock, tool for digging, Prompt.; pykoys, P; pycows, Voc.—OF. _picois_ (Ducange).

Pylche, _sb._ a furred garment, Voc., HD, Prompt.; pilche, S3, HD, ND. _Comb._: pilche-clut, a pilch-clout, rag of a pilch, S.—AS. _pylce_; Lat. _pellicia_, made of fur (Voc.).

Pylgrim, _sb._ pilgrim, PP; pilegrym, S; pelegrim, SkD; pylgrymes, _pl._, PP.—Prov. _pellegrins_; Lat. _peregrinus_; cp. OF. _pelerin_. See Peregrin.

Pylgrimage, _sb._ pilgrimage, PP; pelrimage, S.—AF. _pilrymage_; OF. _pelerinage_.

Pyment, _sb._ spiced wine and honey, CM, Voc.; pirment, _nectar_, Voc., HD; pymente, Prompt.—OF. _piment_, _pigment_ (Bartsch); Late Lat. _pigmentum_ (Ducange).

Pynden, _v._ to shut in the pound, Cath.; punt, _pr. s._, S.—AS. _pyndan_ (in _for-pyndan_); cp. Icel. _pynda_. See Pound.

Pynder, _sb._ a pindar, pinner, one who impounds stray cattle, Cath., Bardsley; pyndare, Prompt.; pinder, ND; pynner, Manip., Bardsley; pinner, Bardsley.

Pyne, _sb._ anguish, torment, S, S3, C2, C3; pyn, S2; pines, _pl._, S, S2; pynes, S2; pine, S; pinen, S; pynen, S2.—AS. _pín_; Late Lat. _pēna_, see Sievers, 69. Cf. Peyne.

Pynen, _v._ to torment, S2; pinen, S; pyns, _pr. s._, S2; pinede, _pt. s._, suffered, PP; pynede, S2; pined, _pp._, S; tormented, S2; y-pyned, S2; i-pined, S.—AS. _pínian_ (BT).

Pyning, _sb._ torture; pining, S. _Comb._: pynyng-stoles, stools of punishment, cucking-stools, PP, S2.—AS. _pínung_.

Pynne, _sb._ pin, peg, bolt, bar, PP; pyn, G.—AS. _pinn_, pin, peg (BT).

Pynnen, _v._ to shut up, enclose, pen, PP; pinnen, PP, S2; pennen, SkD.—AS. _pennan_ (in _on-pennan_).

Pynoun, _sb._ a pennon, C; see Penoun.

Pyony, _sb._ peony, Prompt.; pyon, Cath.; pyany, Prompt.; piones, _pl._, seeds of the peony, P; pyonies, PP.—OF. _pione_, _pion_ (Cotg.); Lat. _p_(_a_)_eonia_; Gr. παιωνία, the peony.

Pyry, _sb._ storm of wind, gust, Prompt.; pyrie, S3 (p. 437); pirie, HD, Prompt. (_n_); pyrry, Palsg., ND: pirrie, S3, ND; perrie, Prompt. (_n_), ND; berrie, Cotg. (s.v. _tourbillor_); berry, Florio (s.v. _cróscia d’ácque_), HD.

Pyt, _sb._ pit, pool, Prompt.; put, S. PP; pit, S; pytte, Prompt.; putte, S, PP, S2; pette, S2.—AS. _pytt_; Late Lat. *_putius_; Lat. _puteus_.

Q.

Quad, _adj._ and _sb._ evil, bad, the Evil One, MD, C2; qued, MD, PP; cwed, MD; quet, MD; kueade, _dat._, S2; queade, S2; quede, S2.—AS. _cwead_; cf. Du. _kwaad_.

Quad, _pt. s._ quoth, S; see Queðen.

Quaile, _v._ to wither, to die, S3 (28a. 91), SkD, ND. Sh.; to overpower, intimidate, ND, SkD, Sh.

Quain, _sb._ trouble, mourning, S2.—AS. *_hwán_ (see below).

Quainen, _v._ to lament, MD (s.v. _hwenen_); whene, MD.—AS. _hwánan_ (in _á-hwǽnan_, BT).

Quair, _sb._ quire, book, S3; quayre, Manip., CM; quayer, Voc.—OF. _quayer_ (F. _cahier_), Prov. _cazern_ for _cadern_; It. _quaderno_; Lat. _quaternum_; cp. Late Lat. _quaternio_ a sheet folded in four (Voc.). See Quartern.

Quaken, _v._ to quake, tremble, S2; cwakien, S; quakede, _pt. s._, PP, MD; quok (_strong form_), PP; quook, C2, SkD; quoke, S2, H.—AS. _cwacian_.

Quakynge, _sb._ trembling, Prompt., MD; quakyng, W.—AS. _cwacung_.

Qual, _sb._ whale, MD, Cath. (_n_); qwal, Prompt.; qwaylle, Cath.; quale, S2; whal, W2; hwel, MD; qualle, _pl._, S2, Cath. (_n_); quhalis, S3, Cath. (_n_).—AS. _hwæl_.

Qualm, _sb._ death, pestilence, S2, H; cwalm, MD; qualme, _dat._, C.—AS. _cwealm_. See Quelen.

Quarel, _sb._ a square-headed cross-bow bolt, quarrel, WA, SkD; quarelle, S2; quarrel, WA, ND.—AF. _quarel_, cross-bow bolt; Late Lat. _quadrellum_ (ace.), a quarrel, a square tile, dimin. of Lat. _quadrus_, square.

Quarere, _sb._ quarry, Prompt.; quareres, _pl._, S2.—OF. _quarriere_ (Cotg.); Late Lat. _quadraria_, quarry, deriv. from _quadrus_. See above.

Quartern, _sb._ prison; cwarterne, _dat._, MD; quarterne, S, MD.—AS. _cweartern_, prison, perhaps for AS. _quatern_, ‘quaternio’ (OET). Cp. Fr. _caserne_ (Sp. _caserna_), barracks; Lat. _quaterna_ (see Brachet); an etym. illustrated by the Fr. sea-term _casernet_, log-book, a deriv. of Lat. _quaternum_, see Diez, p. 755 (s.v. _cahier_).—See Quair.

Quarteroun, _sb._ a quarter, P, HD; quartrun, PP.

Quat, Quað, _pt. s._ quoth, S; see Queðen.

Quatriuials, _sb. pl._ the quadrivials, the quadrivium, the four higher sciences: astrology, geometry, arithmetic, music, S3 (14. 511).—From Late Lat. _quadrivium_, the four mathematical sciences; in Lat. a place where four ways meet.

Quave-mire, _sb._ quagmire, HD; quamier, DG.

Quauen, _v._ to shake, S2, PP, Prompt.; quave, HD, JD, DG.

Quauynge, _sb._ shaking, MD.

Quayle, _v._ to curdle, to coagulate, Palsg., Prompt., Manip.—OF. _coailler_ Lat. _coagulare_.

Quaynt, _adj._ prudent, wise, H; quaynte, quaint, curious, WA; see Coint.

Quayntis, _sb._ wisdom, prudence, H; see Cointise.

Quayre, _sb._ quire, book, CM see Quair.

Queade, _sb._ evil, iniquity, S2; see Quad.

Queale, _sb._ a blister, pimple, _pupula_, Manip.; see Whele.

Quecchen, _v._ to shake, MD; qvycchyn, Prompt.; quytche, Palsg.; quitch, Cotg. (s.v. _oeil_); cwehte, _pt. s._, MD; quehte, MD.—AS. _cweccan_.

Qued, _adj._ bad, S2, PP; see Quad.

Quedschipe, _sb._ wickedness, MD; queadschipe, S; cweadschipe, S.

Queere, _sb._ quire, choir, Prompt.; queer, W2; quere, W2; queir, S3.—OF. _choeur_ (Cotg.); Lat. _chorum_ (acc.); Gr. χορός.

Quek, _adj._ living, S2; see Quik.

Quelen, _v._ to die, MD; cwelen, MD.—AS. _cwelan_, pt. _cwæl_ (pl. _cwǽlon_), pp. _cwolen_. Cp. OHG. _quelan_, ‘cruciari’ (Tatian).

Quellen, _v._ to kill, S, S2, C3, C; quelde, _pt. s._, S; cwelled, _pp._, S.—AS. _cwellan_; cp. OHG. _quelen_ ‘cruciare’ (Tatian), _quellen_ (Otfrid).

Quellere, _sb._ executioner, MD.—AS. _cwellere_.

Queme, _adj._ pleasing, S, MD; qweme, convenient, WA; cweme, S; wheme, MD.—AS. (_ge_)_cwéme_, from _c_(_w_)_óm_, pt. of _cuman_; cp. OHG. (_bi_)_queman_, to come to, to suit, fit (Otfrid); see Kluge (s.v. _bequem_). See Comen.

Quemeful, _adj._ placable, W2.

Quemen, _v._ to please, S, H, PP; cwernen, S; cwemde, _pt. s._, S; i-quemd, _pp._, S; i-cwemet, S.—AS. _cwéman_.

Quenchen, _v._ to quench, S, Prompt., S3, SkD; cwennkenn, S; queynte, _pt. s._, MD, S2; queynt, _pp._, MD, C; y-kuenct, S2; quenchid, W2.—AS. _cwencan_.

Quene, _sb._ queen, wife, woman, quean, S, C2, C3, WA; quen, S, C; cuen, S; kuen, MD; kwene, S; cwene, MD.—AS. _cwén_; cp. OHG. _quena_, wife (Otfrid); for root see Brugmann, § 467, 3.

It should be noted that E. _queen_ is not precisely the same word as E. _quean_. For _queen_ is the phonetic equivalent of AS. _cwén_, Goth. _kwēns_, whereas _quean_ represents AS. _cwĕne_, Goth. _kwĭno_.

Querel, _sb._ a complaint, dispute, quarrel, S2, W2; querele, SkD.—AF. _querele_; Late Lat. *_querella_, for Lat. _querēla_.

Querne, _sb._ hand-mill, C2, Prompt., Palsg., MD; queerne, W.—AS. _cweorn_; cp. Goth. _kwairnus_; see Brugmann, § 442.

Querrour, _sb._ quarry-man, CM. See Quarere.

Quest, _sb._ an inquiry, jury, verdict, G.—OF. _queste_, a quest (Cotg.). _Quest_ is used for the proper legal term _enquest_; OF. _enqueste_.

Queste, _sb._ will, bequest, G; quiste, S. A corrupt form of Quide (q.v.), influenced by the above word.

Queðen, _v._ to speak, MD; cweðen, S, MD; cwað, _pt. s._, S; cweð, S; queð, S; quað, S, S2; quoð, S; quat, S; quad, S; quod, S, S2, C2; koth, S3; couth, MD; cothe, MD; hwat, MD; wat, S; ko, S3; i-cwede, _pp._, S.—AS. _cweðan_, pt. _cwæð_ (pl. _cwǽdon_), pp. _ge-cweden_.

Queynt, _adj._ prudent, fine, quaint, MD; queynte, S3, C2, MD; see Coint.

Queynte, _pt. s._ was extinguished, S2; see Quenchen.

Queyntelich, _adv._ skilfully, neatly, MD; queynteli, S3; see Cointeliche.

Queyntise, _sb._ skill, S3; see Cointise.

Quide, _sb._ speech, bequest, MD; cwide, S, MD.—AS. _cwide_; cp. OHG. _quiti_, ‘testimonium’ (Tatian). See Queðen.

Quidities, _sb. pl._, S3.—From Late Lat. _quiditas_, a term of the Schoolmen; that which relates to the essence of a thing, having reference to the question _quid est_, what is it? Cp. OF. _quidditatif_, ‘quidditative, doubtful, full of quirks, contentions, wrangling’ (Cotg.).

Quik, _adj._ and _adv._ living, quick, flowing (of water), S, S2, W; quic, S, S2; quek, S2; quyk, S3, W, W2; cwic, S; cwike, S; cwuce, S; quicke, S; quike, _pl._, S, S2; quyke, S, C; quycke, S3.—AS. _cwic_ (_cuc_); cp. OHG. _quek_ (Otfrid).

Quikie, _v._ to cause to revive, also, to be kindled, PP; quike, C3; quyke, C; cwikien, MD.—AS. _cwician_.

Quikliche, _adv._ quickly, PP; quicliche, S2.

Quiknen, _v._ to give life, to receive life, SkD; quykene, W, W2.

Quiste, _sb._ will, bequest, S; see Queste.

Quiten, _v._ to repay, PP; see Quyten.

Quitter, _sb._ filth that runs from a wound, HD: quytur, rottenness, HD; quytere, W2; quitture, DG.

Quod, _pt. s._ quoth, S, S2, C2; see Queðen.

Quok, _pt. s._ quaked, C2; see Quaken.

Quoynte, _adj._ skilful, MD, HD; see Coint.

Quoynteliche, _adv._ skilfully, MD; see Cointeliche.

Quoyntyse, _sb._ quaintness of dress, PP; quointise, stratagem, S2; see Cointise.

Quyk, _adj._ living, moving, S3, W, W2; see Quik.

Quyk-myre, _sb._ quagmire, S3.

Quyknar, _sb._ giver of life, S3.

Quyr-boilly, _sb._ boiled leather, used for making defensive armour, C2.—OF. _cuir bouilli_ (Cotg.).

Quyrry, _sb._ the quarry, the dog’s share in the slaughtered game, S3; quyrre, SkD (s.v. _quarry_, p. 824); guerre, SkD.—OF. _cuiree_; Late Lat. _coriata_, from Lat. _corium_, hide, skin (OF. _cuir_).

Quyten, _v._ to requite, repay, settle, satisfy, S2, C2, C3, PP, W, H; quiten, S2, PP; quitte, _pt. s._ G; qwit, H; quyt, _pp._, PP; y-quit, C2.—OF. _quiter_; Late Lat. _quietare_.

Quytly, _adj._ quite, H; whitely, H.

Quytter, _v._ to twitter, S3.

Quytur, _sb._ rottenness, HD (p. 660); see Quitter.

_The subdivision of I is as in the original._

_The subdivision of T, U/V, and W, and the format of their headers, is as in the original. Note that Th includes Þ._

R.

Ra, _sb._ roe, deer, CM; see Roo.

Rabete, _sb._ a war-horse; rabett, HD; rabyghte, HD; rabetis, _pl._, WA.—Icel. _rábítr_, an Arabian steed; cp. Icel. _rábitar_, Arabs, see CV; cp. OF. _arrabi_ (BH).

Rac, _sb._ driven vapour, S2; see Wrak.

Rachenteges, _pl._ chains, S; see Raken-teie.

Racke, _v._ to stretch rent to its full value, S3. Cp. ODu. _racken_, to rack, _recken_, to stretch, reach out.

Rad, _adj._ afraid, S2, SD, H, JD, B; redd, WA; rade, S2, H; radde, S2.—Icel. _hræddr_.

Rad, _pt. s._ rode, S2; see Riden.

Rad, _adj._ quick, S; rade, ready, S; see Raðe.

Radde, _pt. s._ advised, S2; see Reden.

Raddour, _sb._ violence, WA; see Reddour.

Rade, _sb._ road, S2; see Rode.

Radnesse, _sb._ terror, SD; radnes, B.

Radyous, _adj._ radiant, shining, S3; radious, S3; radius, S3.—Lat. _radiosus_; cp. F. _radieux_. See Ray.

Ræd, _sb._ advice, counsel, S; see Rede.

Ræh, _adj._ fierce, cruel, SD, S; reh, SD.—AS. _hréoh_.

Ræueden, _pt. pl._ spoiled, S; see Reuen.

Ræueres, _sb. pl._ robbers, S; see Reuere.

Rafte, _pt. s._ reft, robbed, C2; see Reuen.

Rage, _sb._ madness, S2.—AF. _rage_; Lat. _rabiem_.

Rage, _v._ to toy wantonly, C; ragid, _pp._, been wanton, WA.

Ragerie, _sb._ wantonness, CM.

Raght, _pp._ reached, S2; see Rechen.

Ragman, _sb._ a craven, the devil; rageman, PP; raggeman, PP.—Icel. _ragr_ (for _argr_), craven, cowardly.

Ragman-roll, _sb._ the craven’s roll, a term in Scottish history, JD, ND; a game, HD; ragman’s rewe, a long jest, DG; ragmanrew, _series_, Manip. Hence ragman, a deed sealed, a papal bull, PP; ragemon, S2; rageman, a list, S3; ragman, a tedious story, JD; ragment, JD.—Cp. E. _rigmarole_.

Rair, _v._ to roar, S3; see Roren.

Raiss, _pt. s._ rose, S2; see Rysen.

Rake, _sb._ only in compounds, as in erend-rake, messenger, SD.—AS. _ǽrend-raca_; cp. Icel. _eyrend-reki_, so _land-reki_, a king, see CV (s.v. _reki_). See Ærnd-race.

Rake, _v._ to run, wander, go, S, S3, HD, PP, JD, B; rayke, H, S2; raik, WA, JD; reyke, JD; reke, HD; raykande, _pr. p._, S2.—Icel. _reika_, to wander, cp. Swed. _raka_, to run hastily (Rietz).

Rake, _sb._ course, way, WA; rakke, WA.

Rakel, _adj._ hasty, rash, CM, SkD (s.v. _rake_); rakle, CM; racle, CM; rackel, JD; rakyl, Manip.; rakehell, a bad fellow, Manip., ND.—Icel. _reikull_, wandering, unsettled. See above.

Raken, _v._ to scrape, diminish, to rake, S, Prompt.; raked, _pp._, C2.—Icel. _raka_, to scrape, to rake away.

Raken-teie, _sb._ chain; raketeie, S; raketeye, S; rachenteges, _pl._, S; rakenteis, HD.—AS. _racentéah_ (Voc.); _racente_, a chain + _téah_, a tye. With _racente_, cp. Icel. _rekendr_, OHG. _rahhinza_. See Rekenthis.

Ram, _sb._ a ram, Prompt.—AS. _ram_ (Voc.).

Ramage, _adj._ wild, CM, HD.—OF. _ramage_, wild (of a hawk), living in the branches (Cotg.); Late Lat. *_ramaticum_, from _ramus_, a branch.

Rammish, _adj._ strong-scented, C3, CM.

Ramne, _sb._ bramble, W2; ramyn, H; rammyn, H.—Lat. _rhamnus_ (Vulg.); Gr. ῥάμνος (LXX).

Rampe, _sb._ an ill-conditioned woman, C2 (_n_), HD.

Rampen, _v._ to ramp, to seize or scratch with the paws, to rage, C2; raumpe, S2; rawmpide, _pt. s._, HD.—AF. _raumper_, OF. _ramper_, to clamber.

Rande, _sb._ a strip or slice of meat, S3, HD; rand, Cotg. (s.v. _giste_), ND.—AS. _rand_, a rim, edge; cp. Swed. _rand_, a strip, stripe, Icel. _rönd_ (pl. _randir_).

Randoun, _sb._ force, impetuosity, SkD. _Phr._: in a randoun, in a furious course, B; at randon, left to one’s own force, SkD.—OF. _randon_, ‘the swiftness and force of a strong and violent stream’ (Cotg.); from OTeut. *_randa_, a rim; cp. AS. _rand_. See above.

Ranke, _adj._ strong, luxuriant, rebellious, WA, Prompt.; rank, S3; ronk, S2; rang, HD.—AS. _ranc_; cp. Icel. _rakkr_ (for _rankr_), straight, upright, bold.

Ransaken, _v._ to search, S, PP, C, H.—Icel. _rannsaka_, to search a house; Icel. _rann_: Goth. _razn_; cp. AS. _ræsn_ a plank, a beam, see Sievers, 179.

Rap, _sb._ rope, S; see Rope.

Rap, _pt. s._ reaped, W; see Repen.

Rape, _sb._ haste, S, PP, Prompt.; rap, S2.—Icel. _hrap_, a falling down.

Rape, _adj._ hasty, G; rapest, _superl._, PP.

Rapeliche, _adv._ hastily, PP; rapely, G; rapelike, S; rapli, S2, G; rapelier, _comp._, PP.

Rapen, _v._ to hasten, S, PP, Prompt.; rappe, PP; rappe adoune, to hurry along, PP. _Phr._: rape and renne, to seize and plunder, C3; rapen and rinen, C3 (_n_); rap and rend, HD; rap or rende, Palsg.; rap and run, HD; rap and ran, C3 (_n_); rap and reeve, C3 (_n_); rap and ree, C3 (_n_).—Icel. _hrapa_, to fall, rush headlong, hurry.

Rascall, _sb._ scrapings, refuse; rascaile, PP; rascayle, an animal not a beast of the chase, a hart not six years old, Prompt. (_n_); the common people, Prompt.; raskaille, the common herd, SkD; rascall, refuse beast, Palsg., ND; rascalles, _pl._, common sort of men, low fellows, villains, S3.—AF. _rascaille_ (_raskaylle_, _raskayle_), a rabble; cp. F. _racaille_; from OF. _rasquer_, to scrape (Ducange); cp. OIt. _rascare_ (Florio).

Rascall, _adj._ common, low, HD; _Comb._: rascall wine, _tortivum vinum_, Prompt. (_n_).

Rase, _v._ to run, to race, SD, S2; rese, S2; reysed, _pp._ ridden, C.—AS. _rǽsan_.

Rase, _sb._ a race, rush, SkD; ras, SkD, S2; rese, S2; res, SD, G (_n_); rees, attack, fit of passion, G.—AS. _rǽs_.

Rasen, _v._ to scrape, Prompt.—OF. _raser_; Late Lat. _rasare_, freq. of Lat. _radere_.

Rasour, _sb._ razor, C2, C, W2; rasure, H (Ps. 51. 2).—OF. _rasoir_; Late Lat. _rasorium_.

Raspen, _v._ to rasp, scrape, SkD; rospen, S.—OF. _rasper_; OHG. _raspón_, see Weigand.

Rasse, _sb._ a raised mound or eminence, a cairn of stones, S2; raise, HD. See Reysen.

Rat, _pr. s._ reads, PP; see Reden.

Raþ, _sb._ advice, S, SD.—Icel. _ráð_.

Rathe, _v._ to advise, HD. See above.

Raðe, _adj._ quick, swift, SD; rad, quick, S; rade, _pl._, S; raddere, _comp. pl._, S.—AS. _hræð_, _hreð_, also _hræd_, _hred_, quick, also _rad_. Cp. Chron. ann. 755 (Parker) with the Laud MS.

Rathe, _adv._ early, PP, S2, S3; quickly, S, S2; reaðe, S; rath, B; raðer, _comp._, sooner, rather, PP, S, S2, C2; redþer, S; raðest, _superl._, PP; raðeste, S.

Rathly, _adv._ quickly, S2; reaðliche, S; readliche, S; radeliche, HD; radely, S2; redliche, S.—AS. _hræðlice_.

Raton, _sb._ rat, PP, Cath.; ratoun, PP; ratones, _pl._, PP.

Ratoner, _sb._ rat-catcher, PP, Voc.; ratonere, PP.

Ratte, _sb._ rat, PP; rotte, Voc.; rattis, _pl._, PP.—AS. _ræt_ (Voc.).

Ratten, _v._ to tear, SD.—Cp. MHG. _ratzen_, see Weigand (s.v. _ratsche_).

Rattes, _sb. pl._ rags, S; rats, pieces, shreds, HD.

Raughte, _pt. s._ reached, C2; see Rechen.

Raunson, _v._ to ransom, redeem, PP.

Raunsoun, _sb._ ransom, S2, C; raunson, S2; raunsun, S2; raunceoun, PP; ransoune, B.—AF. _raunson_, _ranson_, OF. _raënson_, _reänçon_; Lat. _redemptionem_.

Raueyn, _sb._ rapine, prey, W, PP; ravyne, S3; ravyn, Cath.; raueyns, _pl._, W2.—AF. _ravine_; Lat. _rapina_ see BH, § 150.

Raueynour, _sb._ robber; raueinour, W; rauynour, W2.

Ravin, _adj._ ravenous, S3, Sh.

Ravin, _v._ to seize and devour greedily, Sh., WW.

Ravined, _adj._ ravenous, Sh.

Rauischen, _v._ to seize with violence, PP; ravish, WW; raueische, _imp. pl._, W2; rauyschiden, _pt. pl._, W2.—AF. _ravir_ (pr. p. _ravissant_); Late Lat. *_rapīre_; Lat. _rapere_.

Rawe, _sb._ row, Cath.; raw, B, JD, SkD, S3, S2; rowe, SkD; rewe, C, G, W; rewis, _pl._, S3.—AS. _ráwe_, _rǽwe_.

Ray, _sb._ striped cloth, _rella_, _pannus_, Voc.; _stragulum_, Voc., Cath., HD; raye, S3; rayes, _pl._, S2, PP. _Comb._: ray-cloth, striped cloth, W2, Prompt.—AF. _drap de raye_, cloth of ray, pl. _reies_, OF. _rai_, _raid_; Lat. _radium_ (acc.).

Rayeres, _sb. pl._ sellers of _ray_, PP.

Rayid, _adj._ striped, Prompt.

Raykez, _pr. s._ roams, S2; raykande, _pr. pt._, advancing, S2. See Rake.

Rayl, _sb._ rail, Prompt.; raylle, Cath.—Cp. Low G. _regel_, G. _riegel_, a bolt; see Kluge.

Rayle, _v._ to rail, arrange in a row, S2; railed, _pp._, S2.

Rayle, _sb._ a kerchief, Palsg.; see Reȝel.

Raylle, _v._ to flow, S3; raile, ND; reilen, SD.

Raymen, _v._ to roam about, S2; see Romen.

Raynes, _sb._ fine linen of Rheims, WA.—So named from Rheims; see SkD (p. 815); cp. It. _renso_, fine flax (Diez, p. 393).

Read, _sb._ advice, S; see Rede.

Reade, _adj._ red, S; see Reed.

Readen, _v._ to advise, care for, S; see Reden.

Readi, _adj._ ready, S; see Redi.

Real, _adj._ real, a term in medieval philosophy; reall, S3.—OF. _real_; Schol. Lat. _realem_, from _res_.

Real, _adj._ royal, CM; riall, S3, PP, CM; ryall, S3, CM; ryell, S3; roial, CM; roialler, _comp._, S2, C3.—OF. _real_, AF. _roial_, _reial_; Lat. _regalem_.

Realte, _sb._ royalty, royal state, PP; reaulte, PP; reaute, PP; roialtee, C3.—AF. _realte_; Late Lat. _regalitatem_.

Realyche, _adv._ royally, S2; realy, S2; rially, CM.

Reame, _sb._ kingdom, S2; see Rewme.

Rearde, _sb._ voice, cry, S2; see Rerd.

Reaðe, _adv._ quickly, S; see Rathe.

Reaðliche, _adv._ quickly, S; see Rathly.

Reaume, _sb._ realm, kingdom, C2, S2; see Rewme.

Rebekke, _sb._ a kind of fiddle, SkD; see Rybybe.

Rebounden, _v._ to re-echo; rebownden, to sound again, _reboare_, Prompt.; rebounde, _pt. s._, S2.—AF. _rebundir_, to re-echo, cp. OF. _bundir_, to resound (Roland, 3119); inchoative verb, from Late Lat. _bombitare_.

Receyt, _sb._ receipt, recipe, retreat, Prompt., Manip.; receit, C3, WW, Manip., S3; receite, WW; reset, place of refuge, B.—AF. _receite_; Late Lat. _recepta_ (Ducange).

Reche, _sb._ smoke, S3; see Reke.

Recheles, _adj._ careless, S, PP; reccheles, PP; retcheles, S3; rekkeles, S3; recchelees, S2, C2; rechlesse, S3.—AS. _réceléas_, also _recceléas_.

Rechelesnesse, _sb._ carelessness, PP; recchelesnes, PP.

Rechen, _v._ to care, reck, S, HD; reke, H; recche, S, HD, S2, C2; rekke, HD, C2; rekþ, _pr. s._, S; reches, S2; roȝte, _pt. s._, S; roughte, C2; roght, H; rohten, _pl._, S; roucht, _pt. s._, _subj._, S2.—AS. _récan_: OS. _rókian_; also, AS. *_reccan_.

Rechen, _v._ to explain, S; ræcchen, to relate, S; rechede, _pt. s._, S.—AS. _reccan_: OS. _rekkian_: OHG. _rachjan_, in Otfrid _rachón_.

Rechen, _v._ to reach, attain, SkD, PP; rauhte, _pt. s._, PP, S2; rauȝte, PP; raghte, PP; raughte, C2; raught, S3; raght, _pp._, S2.—AS. _rǽcan_ (BT), also _rǽcean_, to get into one’s power, pt. s. _rǽhte_, see Sievers, 407.

Reclayme, _v._ to bring a hawk to the wrist by a call, C3; recleymyn, to make tame, Prompt.; recleymyd, _pp. redomitus_ (used of hawks), Prompt.—OF. _reclaimer_, _recleimer_, _reclamer_; cp. AF. _reclame_, pp., reclaimed (as a falcon).

Recles, _sb._ incense, S; see Rekels.

Recluse, _sb._ a female anchorite, SkD; ‘ankyr, _anachorita_’ Prompt.—AF. _reclus_; _recluse_, a f. pp. from OF. _reclure_, to shut up; Late Lat. _recludere_.

Recluse, _sb._ convent, monastery, S3.—OF. _recluse_.

Reclused, _pp._ shut up, withdrawn from the world, PP.

Recognisance, _sb._ an obligation binding one over to do some particular act, S3, SkD.—AF. _reconisance_, OF. _recoignisance_.

Recomand, _v._ to commend, S2, C3; recomaundiþ, PP.—OF. _recommander_, _recumander_.

Reconforte, _v._ to comfort, C; reconforted, _pp._, P.—OF. _reconforter_; cp. AF. _recunforter_.

Reconsyle, _v._ to recover, regain the possession of; reconsyled, _pp._, S2; recounselid, W.—AF. _reconciler_; Lat. _reconciliare_, to reconcile, re-establish, restore.

Record, _sb._ witness, S3, WW; recorde, PP.—AF. _record_, OF. _recort_, mention (Bartsch).

Recorde, _v._ to call to mind, C, PP; recorded, _pt. pl._ declared, PP.—OF. _recorder_; Late Lat. _recordare_; Lat. _recordari_.

Recoure, _v._ to recover, PP; recour, HD; recure, HD; recured, _pp._, S3.—AF. _recoverer_; OF. _recourer_, _recouvrer_; Lat. _recuperare_.

Recours, _sb._ recourse, C2.—AF. _recours_, _soleill recours_, sunset.

Recouerer, _sb._ restorer, saviour, S2.

Recrayed, _pp._ defeated, PP. See below.

Recreaunt, _adj._ recreant, defeated, CM, PP; recreant, PP.—AF. _recreaunt_, OF. _recreänt_, giving up the contest; Late Lat. _recredentem_.

Recueil, _sb._ a collection, compilation, DG; recuyell, S3; recule, HD.—OF. _recueil_ (Cotg.).

Recule, _v._ to recoil, S3, Palsg., SkD, ND.—OF. _reculer_.

Reculyng, _sb._ recoiling, S3.

Recure, _sb._ recovery, S3.

Recure, _v._ to recover, HD; see Recoure.

Reddour, _sb._ violence, rigour, HD, Trevisa (3. 313); raddour, WA.—OF. _rador_, later _roideur_ (Cotg.); from _rade_, _roide_; Lat. _rigidum_.

Rede, _adj._ red, C2; see Reed.

Rede, _adj._ ready, WA; redeliche, _adv._, PP; redeli, S2.—AS. (_ge_)_rǽde_: Goth. (_ga_)_raids_.

Rede, _sb._ advice, S, S2, S3, B; read, S; red, S, S2, B; reed, C2; reid, B; ræde, S; reade, S; rade, S; reades, _pl._ S.—AS. _rǽd_.

Redels, _sb._ riddle, SkD; redeles, PP; rydels, Cath.; rydel, Prompt.; riddle, Manip.