A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary For the Use of Students
Chapter 2
RB = der Benedictinregel, ed. A. Schröer, Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 2, Cassel, 1885-8 (3).
RBL = the Anglo-Saxon and Latin Rule of St Benet (Interlinear Glosses), ed. H. Logeman, EETS, London, 1888.
#Rd# = The Riddles of the Exeter Book, in #Gr#, or ed. F. Tupper Junr., Boston, 1910 (1).
RG = the Rushworth Gospels, in Skeat’s ed. of the Anglo-Saxon Gospels (v. G). Mt (all), Mk 1-2^15 and Jn 18^1-3 are in a Mercian dialect, and are usually known as R^1; the rest (R^2) is in a Northumbrian dialect (v. also LG). Glossary to R^1 by Ernst Schulte, Bonn, 1904; to R^2 by U. Lindelöf, Helsingfors, 1897.
#Rim# = the Riming Poem, in #Gr#
[[Listing added by transcriber. The Riming Poem is included in Grein along with many other texts from its original source, the Exeter MS.]]
#Rood# = the poem ‘Dream of the Rood,’ in #Gr#.
#RPs# = der Regius-Psalter, ed. F. Roeder (Studien in Eng. Philologie, vol. 18), Halle, 1904. (RHy = the Hymns in the same vol.)
RSL = Transactions of the Royal Society of Literature, London.
#Ruin# = the poem of the Ruin, in #Gr#.
#Run# = the Rune-poem, in #Gr#.
s. = strong; also = singular. sv. = strong verb. swv. = strong-weak verb.
#Sat# = the poem ‘Christ and Satan,’ in #Gr#.
sb. = substantive.
#Sc# = Defensor’s Liber Scintillarum, ed. E. Rhodes, EETS, London, 1889 (3).
#Seaf# = the poem of the Seafarer, in #Gr#.
sg. = singular.
#Shr# = the Shrine by O. Cockayne, London, 1864-70 [pp. 29-33 and 46-156 = MH; pp. 35-44 = HL pp. 199-207; pp. 163-204 = AS].
SHy = Surtees Hymnarium = DHy.
SkED = An Etymological English Dictionary by W. W. Skeat, Oxford, 1910.
#Sol# = the poem Solomon and Saturn, in #Gr# (if in italics, the reference is sometimes to the prose version, ed. J. M. Kemble).
#Soul# = the poem of the Soul, in #Gr#.
#SPs# = Psalterium Davidis Latino-Saxonicum, ed. J. Spelman, London, 1640. (Stowe MS, but includes marginal readings from _APs_, _CPs_ and _EPs_.)
Swt. = The Student’s Dictionary of Anglo-Saxon by H. Sweet, Oxford, 1897.
TC = Diplomatarium Ævi Saxonici, ed. B. Thorpe, London, 1865 (3).
tr. = transitive.
usu. = usual, usually.
v. = vide, _or_ very.
v.l. = varia lectio.
#VPs# = the Vespasian Psalter, as contained in OET (1). [VHy = Hymns at the end of the Psalter.] Glossary also by Conrad Grimm (AF, vol. 18), Heidelberg, 1906.
V^2Ps = Psalter-Glosses in Cotton Vitellius E 18 (noted by Wildhagen in _CPs_).
w. = with.
W = (I) Wulfstan’s Homilies, ed. A. Napier, Berlin, 1883. Glossary by L. H. Dodd, New York, 1908. (II) West Saxon.
#Wa# = the poem of the Wanderer, in #Gr#.
#Wald# = the poem of Waldhere, in #Gr#.
Wfg = die Syntax in den Werken Alfreds, by J. E. Wülfing, Bonn, 1894-1901 (copious material, and indexes to words in AO, BH, _Bo_, CP, AS, _PPs_, etc.).
WG = West Saxon Gospels (v. G).
#Whale# = the poem of the Whale, in #Gr#.
#Wid# = the poem of Widsith, in #Gr#, or ed. R. F. Chambers, Cambridge, 1912.
#Wif# = the poem of ‘the Wife’s Complaint,’ in #Gr#.
WS = West Saxon.
Wt = An Old English Grammar by J. and E. M. Wright, 2nd edition, Oxford, 1914.
WW = Old English Vocabularies, ed. by T. Wright and R. P. Wülker, London, 1884. Cols. 1-54 = Cp; 55-88 = #KGl#; pp. 89-103 = _Colloq. Monast._ in NED.
Wy = the poem ‘Be manna wyrdum’ in #Gr#.
ZDA = Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum, Leipzig and Berlin, 1853-1914.
ZDPh = Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie, Halle, 1869-1914.
ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS
[Transcriber’s Note: This section is included for completeness. All changes have been made in the text.]
ābrytan...#SPs# _should be_ ābrȳtan...#EPs#.
ācweorran: _for_ #SPs# _read_ #ELPs#.
æfest: for _Ei_ read _El_.
æfgerefa: _for_ LkL 12^42 _read_ LkL 12^58.
æfterlēan: _add_ #Gen# 76.
ælmesfeoh: add _LL_.
ærendung: add _RB_.
æscwiga: _for_ ‡ _read_ †.
āfaran: add _Da_ 6.
āgniend: _possession_ should be _possessor_.
āgniendlīc _should be_ āgniendlic.
āgryndan: _add_ #Men# 111.
āhwylfan: add _to roll to_ MP 1·592.
antemnere, antifonere (ÆP 154^6) = antefnere.
āsanian: _add_ LV 57.
āsprēadan: _for_ #CSPs# _read_ #EPs#.
āstīgnes: _for_ #SPs# _read_ #EPs#.
ātilian _should be_ ātillan.
ātlēag: _add_ EC 448^9.
ātorgeblǣd n. _swelling caused by poison_, #Lcd# 162b.
āðecgan: add _oppress?_ (Tupper) #Rd# 1^2,7.
āðynnian: _for_ VHy _read_ DHy 8^10.
āwarnian: _read_ (#APs#) = āswārnian.
+bearded _having a beard_, GD 279^14.
besārgung: strike out _sorrowing_, VHy.
besceawere: _for_ VHy _read_ DHy 24^15.
besencan: add _plunge into (fire)_, GD 317.
bīegan: _add_ +bȳged _bowed down, infirm_, #Nic# 471^29.
blīðe: _add_ (+b. occurs at #Guth# 161^9).
crūc: _add_ LV 74.
cwēme- = cwēm-
+dal n. _part_, GD 311^11.
dalmatice: _omit_ ? _and add_ GD 329^34.
+drēog II.: add _gentle (horse)_, GD 78^12.
ēðian _should be_ ±ēðian.
+fadung: add _rule, dominion_.
fǣmne(n)dlic (GD) = fǣmnhādlic
fǣrærning f. _quick marching_, GD 14^24.
fæsting f. read _commendation, trust, guardianship_, GD 239^15; LL 58[17].
fæstnung: add _exhortation_, MkL p2^5: _monument_, MtL p5^4; Mk 5^5.
fantbletsung f. _consecration of water for baptism_, ÆP 188^12.
feohtling: _add_ MP 1·610.
ferhtlic: _add_ #PPs# 95^10.
feriend: _add_ #Sol# 80.
flogettan: substitute _to fly, flutter_, #Sc#; GD 100^19.
folclic: add _worldly, secular_, GD 209^13.
fordēmednes: _add_ GD 345^3.
forecweden _aforesaid_, GD 12; 344.
forehūs: _add_ LV 33.
forewītung _should be_ forewitung.
forlætednes (GD 227^16) = forlætennes
forrǣda? m. _traitor, plotter_, MP 1·592.
forsegenlic (GD 233^21) = forsewenlic
forðfromung: _for_ #CSVPs# read #CVPs#.
forðman: _add_ NC 289.
forððēon _to profit_ (‘_proficere_’), GD 200.
fullfremed: _add_ -līce _after_ adv.
fullhāl _thoroughly well_, GD 248^1.
fyrdgestealla, fyrdgetrum: _add_ †.
+gang: add _passage (lapse) of time_, GD 179^10.
geadrung f. _text_, MtL p8^17.
geancyme: _delete second line of article_.
gearowyrdig: _add_ #Mod# 51.
gēodæd: add †.
geondflōwende _ebbing and flowing_, OEG 2363.
geondlācan: _add_ #Ph# 70.
geondsendan: omit †.
gest-: _for_ gǣst- _read_ gæst-
giestran: _add_ #Rd# 41^44.
glæsfæt: _add_ GD 10^16.
glōmung: for _VHy_ read _DHy_; GD.
godwebben: _add_ GD 176^1.
hæftnīednes: _add_ GD 346^22.
±hæftnīedan _should be_ +hæftnīedan.
hālettan _should be_ ±hālettan.
heals-iendlic, -igendlic: for #SPs# 89^13 read #APs# 89^13: _imploring_, GD 17^23.
hellegæst: _strike out_ †.
hellegeat: _add_ MP 1·610.
hellestōw f. _infernal region, hell_, GD 332^10.
hīwcuðlic: add _familiar_, GD 32.
hnep (GD 186^27) = hnæpp
horsðegn: add _muleteer_, GD 191^23.
hrēðnes: _add_ ÆP 136^23.
hūselbox _receptacle of the host_, ÆP 178^6.
hwīlsticce: _add_ GD 254^24.
+hyldelic _secure, safe_, GD 348^10.
+īeðan: add _compassionate_, GD 216(ȳ).
Additional references to the NED:--bebod ‘_bibod_’; belūcan ‘_belouke_’; cempa ‘_kemp_’; cennan ‘_ken_’; clipung ‘_cleping_’; cnæpp ‘_knap_’; dihtere ‘_dighter_’; draca ‘_drake_’; dysgian ‘_dizzy_’; fǣcne ‘_faken_’; forhogian ‘_forhow_’; forwiernan ‘_forwarn_’; gafol ‘_gavel_’; glēaw ‘_glew_’; heonon ‘_hen_’; hlēo ‘_lee_’; hliehhan ‘_laugh_’; hrēof ‘_reof_’; hryre ‘_rure_’; huru ‘_hure_’; ierre ‘_irre_’; lūtan ‘_lout_’
A CONCISE
ANGLO-SAXON DICTIONARY
=A=
a prep. [= on] _on, at, in, to, for_.
ā I. (āwa, ō) adv. _always, ever, at all, continuously, for ever_, Æ, AO, CP. ā on ēcnisse; ā butan ende _world without end_: _at any time_: _in any degree_. [_ON._ ei, ey] II. f. = ǣ
ā- (unemphatic verbal prefix); I. orig. = _forth, away_, but as a rule only intensitive in meaning. II. = on- III. ym(b)- IV. = ā (I.) in pronouns and participles, and gives a sense of indefiniteness. V. = ǣ-
āǣlan = onǣlan
āǣðan = āīeðan
āb = ōweb
ābacan^6 _to bake_, ÆH 2·268^9.
ābǣdan _to compel, restrain, ward off_: _exact, take toll_: _force out, extract_.
ābæligan = ǣbylgan
ābǣran _to disclose, bring to light_, DD 41.
ābære (W 274^24) = ǣbære [[headword spelled “ǣbǣre”]]
ābærnan = onbærnan
abal (#Gen# 500) = afol
ābannan^7 _to summon, convoke, command_: _announce, proclaim_. ā. ūt _call out, assemble_, _Chr_. [‘_abanne_’]
ābarian _to lay bare, disclose_.
abbad, abbod, abbot == abbud
abbud (a, o) m. ‘_abbot_,’ _BH, Chr_; Æ. [_L._ abbatem]
abbuddōm m. _abbatial jurisdiction_, BH.
abbudesse f. _abbess_, #Chr#.
abbudhād m. _abbatial rank, dignity_, LL.
abbudlēast f. _lack of an abbot_, BC 1·155´.
abbudrīce (o) n. _abbey, abbacy, office or jurisdiction of an abbot_ (used even of a convent of nuns).
ābēatan^7 _to beat, strike, break to pieces, make to fall_, _Cr_. [‘_abeat_’]
ābēcēdē f. _ABC, alphabet_.
ābedecian (eðe-) _to get by begging or asking_, #Bo# 71^12.
abedisse = abbudesse
ābēgan = ābȳgan
ābelgan^3 _to make angry, irritate, offend_, _Sol_; Æ, AO, CP: _hurt, distress_: _be angry with_. [‘_abelgen_’]
ābēodan^2 _to order, proclaim, bid, command, direct_: _summon, call out_: _announce, relate, declare, present, offer_, _AO_; Æ. hǣl ā. _to wish one good luck, greet, bid farewell to_. [‘_abede_’]
ābeofian = ābifian
ābēogan = ābūgan
ābeornan^3 _to take fire_, #PPs# 105^16.
ābēowan (WW 217^46) = ābȳwan
āberan^4 _to bear, carry_: _endure, suffer_, _Mt, Bo_; Æ, CP: _bear (a child)_, Æ: _take away, remove_: _reveal_: (refl.) _restrain oneself_: _do without_, NC 268.
ā-berd, -bered _crafty, cunning_.
āberendlic _bearable_.
ābernan (N) = ābeornan
āberstan^3 _to burst out, break out_, Æ, CP: _break away, escape_. ūt ā. _break out_.
ābeðecian = ābedecian
ābicgan = ābycgan
ābīdan^1 _to ‘abide,’ wait, remain, delay, remain behind_, AO: _survive_: _wait for, await_, Æ: _expect_, _Mt_ 11^3.
ābiddan^5 _to ask for, request, require, demand, pray, pray to, pray for_, Æ: _get by asking, obtain_, Æ, AO, CP: _call out (an army)_.
ābifian (eo) _to tremble, quake, shake_.
ābilgð, ābilhð = ǣbylgð
ābiran = āberan
ābiring = ābyrging
ābisg-, ābiseg- = ābysg-
ābītan^1 _to bite in pieces, tear to pieces, devour, gnaw_, Æ, AO: _taste, partake of, consume_.
ābit(e)rian _to turn bitter_, CP 341^24: _embitter_.
ābitt = ābit
ābītt = ābīt
[[The first edition gives “ābit” as a form of “ābiddan”, “ābīt” as a form of “ābīdan” or “ābītan”.]]
āblācian _to become pale, grow faint_: _become tarnished_, CP 135^2.
āblǣcan _to bleach, whiten_, #BJPs# 50^9.
āblǣcnes f. _pallor, gloom_, #Lcd# 1·294.
āblǣcung f. _pallor_, #HGl# 518.
āblǣst _inspired, furious_.
āblāwan^1 _to blow, blow away, breathe upon_, _Æ_: _puff up, swell_, _Lcd_ 93b. [‘_ablow_’]
āblāw-nes, -ung f. _inflation_, #Lcd#.
āblegned _ulcerated_, #Lcd#.
āblendan _to blind, put out the eyes of_, Æ, CP: _dazzle, deceive, delude_, _Æ_. [‘_ablend_’]
āblēred _bare, uncovered, bald_. [blēre] [[headword spelled “blere”]]
āblīcan^1 _to shine, glitter_.
āblicgan = āblycgan
āblignes = ǣbylgnes
āblindan _to make blind_, #Bl# 151^4.
āblindian = āblendan
āblinnan^3 _to cease, leave off, desist_, Æ, AO, CP.
āblinnednes f. _cessation, interruption_, A 5·465.
āblinnendlīce _indefatigably_, #HGl# 429^32.
āblinnendnes = āblinnednes
āblisian (Æ) = āblysian
āblissian _to make glad, please_, GD 335n.
āblongen = ābolgen, pp. of ābelgan.
āblycgan (i) _to grow pale_, Æ: _make afraid_.
āblynnan = āblinnan
āblysian _to blush_.
āblysung f. _blushing, shame_, RB 133^11.
ābodian _to announce, proclaim_, LkR 12^3.
ābolgennes f. _irritation_, WW 230^19.
āborgian _to be surety for_, LL: (w. æt) _borrow_.
āborian = ābarian
ābracian _to engrave, emboss_.
ābrǣdan I. _to spread out, dilate_: _stretch out_, Æ. II. _bake_, #Lcd# 44a.
ābraslian _to crash, crackle_, GD 236^12.
ābrēac pret. 3 sg. of ābrūcan.
ābrēat pret. 3 sg. of ābrēotan.
ābrecan^4 _to break, break to pieces, break down, conquer, capture, violate, destroy_, Æ, AO, CP: _break away from_.
ābrēdan^3 _to move quickly, draw, unsheath, wench, pull out_, _Mt_: _withdraw, take away, draw back, free from_, Æ, AO. ūp ābroden _drawn up, raised up_: _start up, awake_. [‘_abraid_’]
ābredwian _to lay low, kill_, B 2619.
ābrēgan _to alarm, terrify_.
ābregdan = ābrēdan
ābrēotan^2 _to destroy, kill_.
ābrēotnes f. _extermination_, OET 182.
ābrēoðan^2 (intr.) _to fail, decay, deteriorate, perish, be destroyed_, _Ma_; Æ. ābroðen (pp.) _degenerate, reprobate_, _ÆGr_. (tr. and wk.) _destroy_. [v. ‘_brethe_’]
ābrerd- = onbryrd-
ābroðennes f. _baseness, cowardice_, W.
ābrūcan^3 _to eat_, A 11·1^17.
ābryrd- = onbryrd-
ābrȳtan _to destroy_, #EPs# 36^9.
ābūfan (= on-) adv. _above_, #Chr# 1090#e#.
ābūgan^2 (= on-) _to bow, incline, bend, submit, do reverence_, _B, ChrL_; Æ: _swerve, turn (to or from)_, _deviate_, CP: _withdraw, retire_: _be bent or turned, turn one’s self_. [‘_abow_’]
ābunden _unimpeded_.
ābūrod _not inhabited_, TC 162^28.
ābūtan, -būten, -būton. I. prep. acc. _on, about, around, on the outside, round about_, _CP, ChrL, Æ_. II. adv. _about, nearly_, _ChrC_. [= onbūtan; ‘_about_’]
ābycgan _to buy, pay for, requite_: _redeem_: _perform, execute_.
ābyffan _to mutter_, WW 447^24.
ābȳgan (ē) _to bend, deflect_: _subdue, bring low_: _convert_.
ābȳgendlic v. un-ā.
ābylg-, ābylig- = ǣbylg-
ā-byrgan, -byrian _to taste, eat_.
ābyrging (-iri-) f. _taste_.
ābysgian _to busy, occupy, employ_: _engage in, undertake_: _take up, fill_, GD.
ābysgung f. _occupation_: _trouble_.
ābȳwan (ēo) _to rub off, polish, cleanse, purify_.
ac I. conj. _but_: _but also, moreover, nevertheless, however_: _because, for_ (?): _and_ (?), #An# 569. ac gif _unless, except_, #Bl# 151. [_Goth._ ak] II. interrog. particle, _why, wherefore, whether_: in direct questions = _L. nonne, numquid_.
āc f. gds. and np. ǣc ‘_oak_,’ _Æ, Ct, Lcd_; Mdf: (‡) _ship of oak_: (w. nap. ācas) _name of the rune for =a=_. [_OHG._ eih]
ācǣgan = ācīgan
ācǣglod ‘_serratus_,’ #Nar# 20^26.
ācænn- = ācenn-
ācærran = ācirran
ācalan^6 _to become frost-bitten_, #Lcd# 2b.
acan^6 _to ‘ache,’ suffer pain_, _Æ_.
acas, acase f. (NG) = æcs
ācbēam m. _oak-tree_.
accent m. _accent_. [_L._]
accutian ?= ācunnian
āccynn n. _a kind of oak_, WW 430^6.
ācdrenc m. _oak drink, drink made from acorns_?, WW.
ace = ece
ācealdian _to become cold_, _Æ, CP_. [‘_acold_’]
ācēapian _to buy off, buy out_.
ācēlan _to cool off, still, quiet_, _Met_. [‘_akele_’]
ācelma = ǣcelma
ācen = ǣcen
ācennan _to bring forth, produce, renew_, _Bo, WG_; Æ: _attribute to_. [‘_akenne(d)_’]
ācennedlic _‘genuinus,’ native_, OEG.
ācennednes (_WG_; _Æ_), -cennes (_CP, NG_; AO) f. _birth_. [‘_akenn(ed)nes_’]
ācennend m. _parent_, DR 197^11.
ācennicge f. _mother_, DR.
ācenning f. _birth_, #Bk# 16.
ācēocian (tr.) _to choke_: (intr.) _burn out_.
ācēocung f. ‘_ruminatio_,’ WW 179^2.
āceorfan^3 _to cut off, hew down_, AO, CP. onweg ā. _to cut away_. of ā. _to cut off_, AO.
ācēosan^2 _to choose_, AO, CP.
acer = æcer
ācerr- = ācirr-
ācīgan _to call, summon_.
ācirran (e, y) (tr.) _to turn, turn away or aside_: (intr.) _turn oneself, go, return_.
ācirrednes v. onweg-ā. [[headword spelled “onwegācyrrednes”]]
ācl = ācol
āclǣc == āglǣc
āclǣnsian _to cleanse, purify_, Æ.
āclēaf n. _oak leaf_, #Lcd#.
āclēofan^2 _to cleave_, EC 351^10.
ācleopian _to call out_, WW 378^5.
+āclian † _to frighten, excite_. [ācol]
āclungen _contracted_, WW 239^37. [clingan]
ācmelu n. _acorn meal_, #Lcd#.
ācmistel f. _mistletoe_, #Lcd#.
ācn- = ēacn-
ācnāwan^1 _to know, recognise, understand_.
ācnyssan _to drive out, expel_, #SPs# 35^13.
ācofrian _to recover_, _Lcd_. [‘_acover_’]
ācol † _affrighted, dismayed_.
ācōlian _to grow cold_, CP.
ācolitus m. _acolyte_, LL [_L._].
ācolmōd † _fearful minded, timid_.
+ācolmōdian _to cast down, sadden_, WW 209^16. [ācol]
ācordian _to make terms, reconcile_, #Chr# 1120.
ācorenlic _eligible, worthy of choice_, CP 409^36.
ācostnian _to try, test, prove_, CM, WW.
ācræftan _to think out, devise_, AO 46^29.
ācrammian _to cram_, WW 236^10.
ācrēopian _to creep, crawl_, Æ.
ācrimman^3 (y) _to cram, stuff_, WW.
ācrind f. _oak bark_, #Lcd#.
ācrummen pp. of ācrimman.
acs = æx
ācs- = āsc-
acse = asce
āctān m. _oak-twig_, #Lcd#.
āctrēo n. _oak-tree_, #Wif# 28^36.
ācucian (Æ) = ācwician
ācul = ācol
ācuma (Æ) = ācumba
ācuman^4 _to come, come forth (from)_, Æ: _bear, bring_: _endure, withstand_, Æ: _get to or from, reach_, _Gen_. [‘_acome_’]
ācum-ba m., -be fn. _‘oakum,’ hards, tow_, _Lcd, OEG, WW_: _ashes of oakum_: _parings, clippings_. [cemban]
ācumendlic _tolerable_, Æ: _possible_.
ācumendlīcnes f. _possibility_.
ācunnan (NG) = oncunnan
ācunnian _to try, test, prove_: _experience_, CP.
ācunnung f. _experience, trial_, GD.
ācusan _to accuse_, MtL 12^10 [_L._].
ācwacian _to tremble_.
ācwæncan = ācwencan
ācweccan (tr.) _to move, swing, shake, vibrate_, _Ma_; Æ: (intr.) _quiver_, Æ. [‘_aquetch_’]
ācwelan^4 _to die, perish_, Æ, AO, CP.
ācwellan _to kill, destroy_, _JnL_; Æ, AO, CP. [‘_aquell_’]
ācwellednes (eæ^2) f. _slaughter_, #EPs# 43^22.
ācwencan _to quench, extinguish_, _Mt_; AO. [‘_aquench_’]
ācweorna m. _squirrel_, _Gl_. [‘_aquerne_’]
ācweorran^3 _to guzzle, gorge_, #ELPs# 77^71.
ācwern = ācweorna
ācwerren = ācworren pp. of ācweorran.
ācweðan^5 _to say, speak out, declare, utter, express, answer_, _Gen_: _reject, banish_, #Gen# 304. [‘_acweath_’]
ācwician (tr.) _to quicken, vivify_, _Ps_: (intr.) _revive_, _BH_. [‘_aquick_’]
ācwīnan^1 _to dwindle away, disappear, go out (of fire)_, BH, #LPs#.
ācwincan^3 _to vanish, be extinguished or eclipsed_.
ā-cwucian, -cwycian = ācwician
ācwudu m. _an oak wood_, KC 6·218^19.
ācwylan = ācwelan
ācwylman _to kill, slay_.
ācwylmian _to be tormented_, W 220^5.
ācwyncan = ācwencan
ācynned = ācenned pp. of ācennan.
ācyrr- = ācirr-
ācȳðan _to show, proclaim, reveal, announce, confirm, prove_.
ād mn. _heap, funeral pile, pyre_: _fire, flame_. [_OHG._ eit]
ādǣlan _to divide, separate_.
ādēadian _to fail, decay, mortify, become torpid or callous_, Æ.
ādēafian _to became deaf_, WW 179^25.
ādēafung f. _deafening, making deaf_, _Lcd_. [v. ‘_adeave_’]
ādel I. = ādl. II. = ādela
ādela m. _mud, dirt, filth, filthy place_, _Æ_. [‘_addle_’]
ādelfan^3 _to delve, dig, excavate_, Æ, AO, CP.
ādeliht _filthy_, WW.
ādelsēað m. _sewer, sink_, Æ.
ādēman _to judge, try, deprive of or exclude from by a legal decision_: _try, afflict_.
ādeorcian _to become dull, obscure, tarnished_, CP: _grow dark_, W.
āderian _to hurt_, GD 219^19.
adesa m., adese f. _‘adze,’ hatchet_, _BH, W_.
ādexe = āðexe
ād-faru f. ds. -fære _way or path to the funeral pile_, B 3010.
ādfini n. _limit_? _ash-heap of a beacon_? EC 354^5.
ādfȳr n. _sacrificial fire_, #Ex# 398.
+ādgian = +ēadgian
ādihtan _to compose, write_.
ādihtian _to regulate, arrange, order_, CP.
ā-dīlegian, -dīl(i)gian (ȳ) _to destroy, blot out, annihilate, devastate_, CP.
ādimmian _to become dim or dull, to darken, obscure_, CP.
ādl fn., ādle f. _disease, infirmity, sickness_, AO, CP.
ādlēg m. _flame of the funeral pile_, #Ph# 222.
±ādlian _to be diseased or ill, languish_, Æ: _cause disease_, DR.
ādlig _sick, diseased_, Æ.
ādliga m. _sick person_
ādliht = ādeliht
ādloma m. _one crippled by fire_, #Gu# 884. [lama?]
ādlsēoc _sick of a contagious disease_, ES 39·322.
ādl-ðracu ‡ f. gs. -ðræce _force of disease_.
ādlung f. _illness_, ÆH 1·122^31.
ādlwērig _weary from illness_, #Gu# 981.
ādōn (for conj. v. dōn) _to take away, send away_: _cast out, expel, destroy_: (w. preps. _to, on, from, etc._) _put, place, take, remove, set free_, AO, CP.
adosa = adesa
ādrǣdan = ondrǣdan
ādrǣfan _to drive away, shut out, expel_, AO, CP. [‘_adreve_’]
ādrǣnct = ādrenced pp. of ādrencan.
ādragan^6 _to draw (sword)_, HL 15^356.
ādrēfan = ādrǣfan
adreminte f. _feverfew_.
ādrencan _to submerge, immerse, drown_, AO. [‘_adrench_’]
ādrēogan^2 _to act, perform, do, practise_, _Æ_: _bear, suffer, endure_, _An_; CP: _pass time, live_, Æ. [‘_adree_’]
ādrēogendlic _bearable_.
ādrēohan = ādrēogan
ādrēopan^2 _to drip, drop_, #An#.
ādrēosan^2 _to fall to pieces, decline, vanish, fail_.
ādrīfan^1 _to drive, drive away, drive out, pursue, follow up_, _LL_; Æ, AO, CP: _stake out (a ford)_: _chase (metal)_, Æ. [‘_adrive_’]
ādrīgan = ādrȳgan
ādrincan^3 _be drowned, extinguished_, _BH_; AO. [‘_adrink_’]
ādrūgian, ādrūwian (_Mt, Æ_) _to dry up_. [‘_adroughe_’]
ādrȳgan (ī) _to become dry, dry up, wither_, CP: _dry, wipe dry_.
ādrysnan _to extinguish, repress_, NG.
adsa = adesa
adulsēað = adelsēað [[headword spelled “ādelsēað”]]
ādumbian _to become dumb, keep silence_, _Mk_; Æ. [v. ‘_dumb_’ vb.]
a-dūn, -dūna, -dūne adv. _down, downward_, Æ. [= ofdūne]
adūne(ā)stīgan _to descend_, #CPs#.
adūnfeallan _to fall down_, #EPs# 144^14.
adūnweard adv. _downwards_, _ChrL_. [‘_a-downward_’]
ādūstrigan = andūstrian
ādwǣscan (ē) _to put out, quench, extinguish, blot out, destroy_, AO: _suppress_, Æ, CP.
ā-dwelian _to wander, stray_.
ādwellan, pret. 3 sg. -dwealde _to seduce, lead astray_: _hinder_, Æ.
ādwēscan = ādwǣscan
ādwīnan^1 _to dwindle or waste away_.
ādȳdan _to destroy, mortify, kill_, _Æ_. [‘_adeaden_’]
ādȳfan _to overpower with sound_.
ādylf = ādealf pret. of ādelfan.
ādȳlgian, ādȳlegian = ādīlegian
ādymman = ādimmian
ādysgian _to make foolish_, W 185^12.
ǣ- accented verbal prefix, = (1) _without_; (2) ā-.
ǣ I. f. also ǣw f. (and m. or n.? in _NG_) _law (divine or human_), _custom, covenant_, AO, CP; _WG, NG_. butan ǣ _outlaw_: (esp. in pl.) _rite, ceremony_: _faith, religion_. unrihte ǣ _false religion_. Crīstes ǣ _gospel_: _scriptures, revelation_: _marriage_, Æ: _(lawful) wife_. For some comps. v. ǣw-. [‘_æ_’] II. = ēa I. III. interj. _oh! alas!_
ǣa I. = ēa I. II. gp. of ǣ.
æal- = eal-
ǣalā interj. = ēalā
ǣar- = ēar-
āeargian _to become remiss_, AO 212^20.
ǣbǣre (ē _LL_) _manifest, notorious, public, open, evident, clear_. [‘_eber_’]
āebbian _to ebb away, recede_, #Chr#.
æbbung (= ebb-) f. ‘_ebbing_.’ sǣ æ. _gulf, bay_, _WW_ 154
ǣbebod n. _injunction of the law, command_, #PPs# 118^102.
ǣbēc fp. _books of the law_, WW 439^15.
ǣbēre = ǣbǣre
ǣbesn = ǣfesn [[headword spelled “æfesn”]]
ǣbilg-, -bili(g)- = ǣbylg-
ǣblǣc- = āblǣc-
ǣblǣce _lustreless, pale, pallid_.
ǣbod m. _business_, Æ: _statute_.
ǣboda m. _messenger, preacher_, #Gu# 909.
ǣbræce = ǣwbræce [[headword spelled “ǣwbrǣce”]]
ǣbreca = ǣwbreca
ǣbrecð f. _sacrilege_, #LPs#.
ǣbrucol _sacrilegious_, GPH 402.
æbs f? _fir-tree_, Æ. [_L._ abies]
ǣbylg n. = ǣbylgð
ǣbylga m. _anger_, #LPs# 77^49.
±ǣbylgan, -byli(g)an _to make angry, offend_, Æ.
ǣbylgnes f. _anger, offence_, Æ.
ǣbylgð, -bylgðu f. _anger_, AO.
ǣbylig- = ǣbylg-
ǣ-bylð, -bylygð = ǣbylgð
ǣc I. f. = āc. II. (N) = ēac
ǣcambe f. = ācumbe [[under “ācumba”]]
ǣcan = īecan
æccyrn = æcern
æce = ece
ǣce = ēce
æced = eced
æcedwīn n. _wine mingled with myrrh_, MkL 15^23.
ǣcēlan = ācēlan
ǣcelma m. _chilblain_, OEG, WW.
ǣcelmehte (ecil-) _having chilblains_, OEG 1523.
ǣcen I. _a wood of oaks_. II. _oaken_, WW 270^14. III. = ēacen pp. of ēacan.
æcer nap. æcras m. _field, sown land, cultivated land_, _Mt_; Æ, AO, CP; Mdf: _a certain quantity of land, ‘acre,’_ _Æ_; v. LL 2·267: _crop_.
æcerceorl m. _countryman, farmer_, NC 268.
æceren = æcern
æcerhege m. _hedge of a field_, KC 3·33^2.
æcermǣlum _by acres_, KC 6·98^5.
æcermann m. _farmer_, _WW_. [‘_acreman_’]
æcern n. _nut, mast of tree_, _Æ_ (i^2): ‘_acorn_,’ WW.
æcernspranca m. _‘ilex,’ oak sapling_? #ÆGr# 69^15.
æcersǣd n. _seed enough for an acre_? #Chr# 1124.
æcerteoðung f. _tithe of the produce of the soil_, W 310^24.
æcertȳning f. _fencing_, EC 377^9.
æcerweorc n. _field-work_, GPH 391.
æces = æx
æcest, æceð pres. 2 and 3 sg. of acan.
ǣcilma = ǣcelma
æcirn = æcern
ǣclǣca = āglǣca
ǣclēaw = ǣglēaw
ǣcnōsle _degenerate, not noble_, WW.
+ǣcnōsliende _degenerating_, WW 218^12.
ǣcræft † m. _knowledge of law or ordinances, religion_.
ǣcræftig _learned in the law_; as sb. = _lawyer, scribe, Pharisee_.
æcras v. æcer.
æcren = æcern
æcs f. _‘axe,’ pickaxe, hatchet_, CP; _Mt_ (æx).