CHAPTER III.

Ecclesiastical.

THE origin of the See of Norwich is attached to Sigebert, king of the East Angles, who, being in France about the year 630, brought over Felix, a priest of Burgundy, and constituted him bishop, fixing his seat at Dunwich, in Suffolk. About forty years afterwards the diocese was divided, Dunwich and North Elmham having each a bishop, and this continued till the year 870, when the two sees were again united under Wybred at Elmham. Owing to the devastations of the piratical Danes the see remained vacant nearly one hundred years, but was restored by Theodored, in 995 according to the common account; but there is evidence which tends to prove that he was bishop in 945, if not before. During the reign of William I. the see was removed to Thetford, and in the year 1094 it was finally settled in Norwich. This added greatly to the importance of the city, and made it the capital of East Anglia.

The diocese, as to its seat, has continued unchanged since 1094, and as to its extent and government has been but slightly modified. The most prominent bishops have been Losinga, who established the see at Norwich and founded the cathedral, and John Grey or Gray, who governed Ireland, divided it into counties, placed it under English laws, fought in France, and captured fortresses there,—for bishops were fighting men in those days; Pandulph, who excommunicated King John Lackland; W. Middleton, who acted as Guardian of the Kingdom; John Salmon and William de Ermine, who were Lord Chancellors; and Bateman, who founded Trinity Hall, Cambridge. Others less noted were Henry le Spencer, who fought as a soldier for the pope on shore, and as an English admiral at sea; Richard Courtenay, who died at the siege of Harfleur; John de Wakering, who was Lord Privy Seal; Nykke, known as the blind bishop, who conducted a traitorous correspondence with the pope; William Rugge, who deprived the see of its barony; Parkhurst, who was famous for entertaining Oxford scholars; Scambler, called “the scandalous;” John Jeggon, called “the wag;” Montague, called “the excellent;” Corbet, called the “merry wit;” Hall, “the saintly;” Overall and Sparrow, “the learned;” and Bathurst, “the good,” who pleaded for Catholic emancipation. Three of the dignitaries, J. Harpsfield, H. Prideaux, and T. Sherlock, became cardinals; one, John, became archbishop of Smyrna; and one, Montgomery, became bishop of Meath.

The cathedral establishment includes the bishop, the dean, three archdeacons, four canons, twenty-four hon. canons, four minor canons, and a chancellor. The income of the bishop is £4,500; that of each of the archdeacons is £200; and that of the other archdeacon is £184. The diocese comprises all Norfolk except the parishes of Emneth and Brandon, and all Suffolk except the deaneries of Thedwaster and Thingoe, and parts of the deaneries of Clare, Fordham, and Sudbury; and it is divided into the archdeaconries of Norwich, Norfolk, and Suffolk. Population, 743,000; acres, 1,994,535; deaneries, 41; benefices, 908; curates, 253; church sittings, 294,177. A few more particulars may be stated respecting some of the earlier prelates.

_Herbert de Losinga_ _A.D._ 1094. Founder of the diocese and builder of the greater part of the Cathedral. _Eborard or Everard_ _A.D._ 1121. Divided the archdeaconry of Suffolk into two, founded the hospital and church of St. Paul in Norwich. He either resigned or was deposed. _William Turbus_ _A.D._ 1146. A friend and advocate of Thomas à Becket, who induced him to excommunicate the Earl of Norfolk and some other nobles, for which he was forced to take sanctuary till he had appeased the wrath of the King, Henry II. _John of Oxford_ _A.D._ 1175. Took part with Henry II. against Becket, and built the church of the Holy Trinity at Ipswich. _John de Grey_ _A.D._ 1200. Built a palace at Gaywood, near Lynn, made that town a free borough, and lent large sums to King John, for which he received in pledge the royal regalia. After him the see was vacant seven years. _Pandulphus_ _A.D._ 1222. Obtained a grant of the whole of the _first fruits_ of the clergy in his diocese for himself and his successors, which was not revoked till the time of Henry VIII. _Thomas de Blandevill_ _A.D._ 1226. _Ralfo_ (died soon after) 1239. _William de Raleigh_ 1244. Translated to Winchester. _Walter de Suthfield_ 1244. Obtained for the bishopric a charter of free warren to himself and successors, erected and endowed the hospital of St. Giles, and made a valuation of all the ecclesiastical revenues for Pope Innocent. _Simon de Walton_ _A.D._ 1258. _Roger de Skernyng_ 1265. _William de Middleton_ 1278. _Ralph de Walpole_ 1288. Translated to Ely. _John Salmon_ 1299. Enlarged the Palace and founded the Charnel House School (now the Grammar House School). _Robert de Baldock_ _A.D._ 1325. Resigned the same year. _William de Ayrminne_ 1325. Enclosed and fortified the Cathedral and Palace with stone walls. _Thomas Hemenhale_ _A.D._ 1337. Translated to Worcester same year. _Anthony de Beck_ 1337. Being of a quarrelsome disposition, was poisoned either by the monks or his own servants. _William Bateman_ _A.D._ 1343. Was a native of Norwich, and founded Trinity Hall, Cambridge. _Thomas Percy_ _A.D._ 1355. Youngest brother of the Earl of Northumberland; was only twenty-two years of age when he obtained the prelacy. _Henry le Spencer_ _A.D._ 1370. Was consecrated by the pope in person. He took an active part in the warfare between the Urbanites and Clementines. He was an enthusiastic zealot, and a fierce persecutor of the Lollards. _Alexander de Tottington_ _A.D._ 1407. _Richard de Courtenay_, 1413. _LL.D._ _John Wareryng_ 1416. _William Alnwick_, _LL.D._ 1426. Translated to Lincoln. _Thomas Browne_, _LL.D._ 1436. Translated from Rochester; he left money to pay the city tax, and founded exhibitions at the Universities for poor scholars in the diocese. _John Stanbery_, _D.D._ _A.D._ 1445. Chosen but never consecrated. _Walter Lyhart_ 1446 He repaired the Cathedral, and made many ornamental additions to the edifice. _James Goldwell_ _A.D._ 1472. Granted twelve years and forty days pardon to all who assisted him in beautifying the Cathedral. _Thomas Jan_ _A.D._ 1499. _Richard Nykke or Nix_ 1500. Alienated the revenues of his diocese for the Abbacy of Holme, by agreement with Henry VIII., and was a cruel persecutor of the reformers, who, at this period, begun to be numerous. _William Rugg D.D._ _A.D._ 1535. Resigned the See for an annuity of £200 per annum. _Thomas Thirlby_ _A.D._ 1550. Translated from Westminster, of which he was the first and last bishop; and afterwards removed to Ely. _John Hopton_, _D.D._ _A.D._ 1554. A sanguinary persecutor of the reformers, and is supposed to have died through fear of retaliating vengeance on the accession of Queen Elizabeth. “Thus conscience cloth make cowards of us all.”

After the Reformation the following were the bishops of Norwich in the 16th century:—

_Richard Cox_ _A.D._ 1558. Translated to Ely. _John Parkhurst_, 1560. _D.D._ A friend of Oxford scholars. _Edmund Freke_, _D.D._ 1575. Translated from Rochester and afterwards removed to Worcester. _Edmund Scambler_, _A.D._ 1584. _D.D._ Translated from Peterborough. _William Redman_, 1594. _D.D._

The following were bishops of Norwich in the 17th century:—

_John Jeggon_, _D.D._ _A.D._ 1602. In his time a fire broke out in the palace at Ludham and consumed the whole of the library, and many valuable documents respecting the diocese. _John Overall_, _D.D._ _A.D._ 1618. Translated from Lichfield and Coventry. _Samuel Harsnett_, 1619. _D.D._ Translated from Chichester, and afterwards became archbishop of York. _Francis White_, _D.D._ _A.D._ 1628. Translated from Carlisle, afterwards removed to Ely. _Richard Corbet_, _D.D._ _A.D._ 1631. _Matthew Wren_, _D.D._ 1635. Translated from Hereford and afterwards removed to Ely. He was father of the celebrated architect, Sir Christopher Wren. _Richard Montague_, _A.D._ 1636. _D.D._ A distinguished scholar, translated from Chichester. _Joseph Hall_, _D.D._ _A.D._ 1641. Translated from Exeter. During the civil wars he was sent to the tower for asserting his right to vote in the house of peers; and parliament deprived him of his temporalities, and prohibited him from exercising any spiritual jurisdiction. The See was vacant four years. _Edward Reynolds_, _A.D._ 1660. _D.D._ Was a liberal benefactor to the city of Norwich, and paid much attention to the comforts of the parochial clergy. _Anthony Sparrow_, _A.D._ 1676. _D.D._ Translated from Exeter. _William Lloyd_, _D.D._ 1686. Translated from Peterborough. On the accession of William III., refusing to take the oath of abjuration against James II., he was deprived of his bishopric. _John Moore_, _D.D._ _A.D._ 1691. Translated to Ely. He collected a large library of rare books, which, at his death, was purchased by George I. and presented to the University of Cambridge.

The following were the bishops of Norwich in the 18th century:—

_Charles Trimnell_, _D.D._ _A.D._ 1707. Translated to Winchester. He was a native of Norwich, and greatly assisted the Protestant emigrants who fled to his diocese from the Palatinate on the Rhine, through the irruptions and exactions of the French. Many of these emigrants were artisans, and greatly increased the general welfare of the city and county. _Thomas Green_, _D.D._ _A.D._ 1721. Translated to Ely. _John Leng_, _D.D._ 1723. _William Baker_, _D.D._ 1727. Translated from Bangor. _Robert Butts_, _D.D._ 1732. Translated to Ely. _Sir Thomas Gooch_, _Bart._, 1738. _D.D._ Translated from Bristol and afterwards removed to Ely. _Samuel Lisle_, _D.D._ _A.D._ 1748. Translated from St. Asaph. _Thomas Hayter_, _D.D._ 1749. Translated to London. _Philip Yonge_, _D.D._ 1761. _Lewis Bagot_, _LL.D._ 1783. Translated from Bristol and afterwards removed to St. Asaph. _George Horne_, _D.D._ _A.D._ 1790. Author of a “Commentary on the Psalms,” and other works of considerable merit, more especially an “Introduction to the Study of the Bible.”

During the present century the following eminent divines have been bishops of Norwich:—

_Rt. Hon. C. M. Sutton_, _A.D._ 1792. _D.D._ Prelate of the Order of the Garter. Translated to the archbishopric of Canterbury. _Henry Bathurst_, _LL.D._ _A.D._ 1805. He died in the 94th year of his age. _Edward Stanley_, _D.D._ 1837. We have already given a sketch of the life of this estimable bishop, and also of those of his immediate predecessor and successor, at pages 520 to 524, in our notices of the eminent citizens of the 19th century. _Samuel Hinds_, _D.D._ _A.D._ 1850. Resigned in 1857, and lives in retirement _Hon. John Thos. Pelham_, _A.D._ 1857 _D.D._ The second son of the late earl of Chichester, and brother of the present earl; was born in 1811, and graduated at Oxford. In 1845, he married a daughter of Thomas William Tatten, Esq., and was appointed chaplain to the queen in 1847. After this he was collated to the rectory of Bergh Apton, in Norfolk, by the earl of Abergavenny, which he held till 1852, when he was appointed to Christ Church, Hampstead, and in 1854 he was nominated by the crown to the rectory of St. Marylebone, Middlesex. He fulfilled the arduous duties of minister of that populous parish for three years. He was installed at the Cathedral church, Norwich, on June 26th, 1857, and since then he has ruled the diocese with satisfaction to the great body of the clergy.

DEANS OF NORWICH.

A.D. William Castleton, the last Prior, was made the first dean 1538. of the Cathedral John Salisbury, suffragan bishop of Thetford, was made dean 1539. on the resignation of William Castleton, and deprived about 1553 John Christopherson; afterwards bishop of Chichester 1554. John Boxall. Resigned 1557. John Harpsfield (Archdeacon of London.) Deprived 1560 1558. John Salisbury, restored. Buried in the Cathedral 1560. George Gardiner. Buried in the Cathedral 1573. Thomas Dove: afterwards bishop of Peterborough 1589. John Jeggon: afterwards bishop 1601. George Montgomery (bishop of Meath). Resigned 1603. Edmund Suckling. Buried in the Cathedral 1614. John Hassall. Died 1654: buried at North Creake 1628. _Void till after the Restoration_. John Crofts. Buried in the Cathedral 1660. Herbert Astley. Buried in the Cathedral 1670. John Sharp. Removed to Canterbury 1681. Henry Fairfax. Buried in the Cathedral 1689. Humphrey Prideaux. Author of a learned work entitled 1702. “Connection of the Old and New Testament.” Buried in the Cathedral Thomas Cole. Buried in the chancel of East Raynham church 1724. Robert Butts: afterwards bishop 1731. John Baron (Archdeacon of Norfolk). Buried at Saxlingham 1733. Thomas Bullock. Died May, 1760. Buried in the Cathedral, 1739. at the extreme east end Edward Townshend 1761. Philip Lloyd. Buried in the choir of the Cathedral 1765. Joseph Turner. Buried in the choir of the Cathedral 1790. The Honourable George Pellew. Buried at Great Chart 1828. EDWARD MEYRICK GOULBURN, D.D., Chaplain in Ordinary to the 1866. Queen

DIGNITARIES, ETC., OF THE DIOCESE.

Bishop.

The Hon. and Rt. Rev. JOHN THOMAS PELHAM, D.D. 1857.

_Chancellor of the Diocese_.

Worshipful E. Howes, Esq., M.A., M.P., 1868.

_Archdeacons_.

_Norwich_, Ven. A. M. Hopper, M.A. 1868 _Norfolk_, Ven. W. Arundell Bouverie, 1850 B.D. _Suffolk_, Right Rev. Bishop Ryan, D.D. 1868

_Examining Chaplains_.

Rev. J. J. S. Perowne, B.D., and Rev. T. T. Perowne, B.D.

_Registrars_: Rev. E. S. Bathurst and John Kitson, Esq.

_Deputy Registrar_: W. T. Bensly, Esq.

_Secretaries to the Bishop_.

J. Kitson, Esq., _Norwich_; J. B. Lee, Esq., _Dean’s Yard_, _Westminster_.

_Assistant Secretary_; W. T. Bensly, Esq., _Norwich_.

_Registrars of the Archdeaconries_.

_Norwich_, Edward Steward, Esq., _Norwich_.

_Norfolk_, Henry Hansell, Esq., _Norwich_.

_Suffolk_, C. R Steward, Esq., _Ipswich_.

_Proctor for the Chapter_, Rev. Canon Heaviside, M.A.

_Proctor for the Archdeaconries of Norfolk & Norwich_, Rev. H. Howell, M.A.

_Proctor for the Archdeaconry of Suffolk_, Rev. W. Potter, M.A.

The Dean and Chapter.

DEAN.

The Very Rev. EDWARD MEYRICK GOULBURN, D.D., 1866.

_Canons_.

A. Sedgwick, LL.D. 1834 C. K. Robinson, D.D. 1861 J. W. L. Heaviside, M.A. 1860 J. M. Nisbet, M.A. 1867

_High Steward of the Cathedral_.

The Right Hon. the Earl of Kimberley 1866.

_Honorary Canons_.

Hon. E. S. Keppel, M.A. 1844 Hon. K. H. Digby, M.A. 1858 Archdn. Bouverie, B.D. 1847 R. H. Groome, M.A. 1858 Bishop of Columbia, D.D. 1850 Thomas Mills, M.A. 1859 Edw. J. Moor, B.A. 1850 W. F. Patteson, M.A. 1860 W. H. Parker, M.A. 1852 H. R. Nevill, M.A. 1861 Robert Eden, M.A. 1852 W. Howorth, M.A. 1863 Wm. Potter, M.A. 1853 S. Everard, M.A. 1863 Wm. Jackman, M.A. 1853 J. Lee-Warner, M.A. 1863 Archdn. Hopper, M.A. 1854 E. F. E. Hankinson, M.A. 1863 W. R. Colbeck, B.D. 1856 R. Blakelock, M.A. 1864 R. Collyer, M.A. 1856 W. Blyth, M.A. 1868 Hinds Howell, M.A. 1856 G. King, M.A. 1868

_Minor Canons_.

J. C. Matchett, M.A., 1824 E. Bulmer, M.A. 1865 _Sacrist_ H. Symonds, M.A., _Precentor_ 1844 J. S. Müller, M.A. 1865

_Chapter Clerk_, John Kitson, Esq.

_Organist_, Dr. Z. Buck.

THE CLERGY OF NORWICH.

The following is a list of the clergy of Norwich, revised to the time of our going to press.

_Rural Dean_—_Rev._ W. F. PATTESON, Vicar of St. Helen.

Benefice. Pop. Incumbent. Wh. Inst. Curate. Ch. Acc. All Saints St. 667 Kant W. 1868 150 Julian, R. St. Andrew, V. 978 Copeman A. 1857 700 C. St. Augustine, R. 1890 Rackham M. 1848 240 J. St. Benedict, V. 1381 Dombrain J. 1865 300 St. Clement, R. 3961 Rigg R. 1842 350 Christ Church, V. Wade R. 1852 629 St. Edmund, R. 753 Taylor T. 1864 425 St. Etheldred, V. 614 Bishop W. 1865 100 St. George Colegate, 1607 Durdin A. W. 1852 380 V. St. George Tombland, 687 Trimmer K. 1842 400 V. St. Giles, V. 1586 Ripley W. N. 1859 Brownjohn J. 600 St. Gregory, V. 934 Wortley J. 1864 500 St. Helen, V. 507 Patteson W. 1824 289 F. St. James, V. 3408 Pringle A. 1865 340 Pockthorpe and D. Barracks St. John Maddermkt, 537 Price G. F. 1863 461 R. St. John Sepulchre, 2219 Moore W. T. 1865 300 V. St. John Timberhill, 1302 Titlow S. 1831 400 V. St. Julian, R. 1361 See All 150 Saints St. Lawrence, R. 877 Hillyard E. 1861 600 A. St. Margaret, R. 664 Cobb J. W. 1848 500 St. Martin at 1085 Barker R. W. 1866 360 Palace, V. St. Martin at Oak, 2546 Caldwell C. 1858 300 V. St. Mary Coslany, V. 1498 Morse C. 1851 250 St. Mary in the 451 Matchett J. 1824 120 Marsh, V. (Bishop’s C. Chapel) St. Michael Coslany, 1365 Kidd R. H. 1867 600 R. St. Michael at Plea, 379 Morse C. 1839 200 R. St. Michael at 2121 Davies A. 1865 379 Thorn. St. Paul, R. 2907 1826 430 St. Peter Hungate, 399 Titlow S. 1839 200 R. St. Peter Mancroft, 2575 Turner C. 1848 Ram E. 1000 V. St. Peter per 2868 Durst J. 1862 Hull B. 400 Mountergate, V. St. Peter Southgate, 457 Bishop W. 1865 120 R. St. Saviour, V. 1532 Cooke W. H. 1856 400 St. Simon & St. 283 Osborne J. 450 Jude, R. F. St. Stephen, V. 4191 Baldwin C. 1863 700 St. Swithin, R. 699 Slipper W. 1865 350 A.

The following are the clergy of the Hamlets not included in the Deanery of Norwich.

Benefice. Pop. Incumbent. Wh. Inst. Curate. Ch. Acc. Earlham, V. with 195 Payne J. H. 1849 120 Bowthorpe (no church) Eaton, V. 930 Weston F. 1865 200 Heigham, R. 13894 Dixon J. G. 1868 Rust J. C. 250

Sharley G. ,, Holy Trinity, R. Rust C. T. 1865 1100 ,, St. Philip, V. Nash T. A. 1868 Hellesdon, R. 496 Howell H. 1855 Cornford J. 100 Lakenham St. Mark, 3808 Garry N. T. 1861 Morse A. S. 840 V. Leach J. Thorpe St. Matthew, 2388 Owen J. S. 1869 518 V. Trowse, V. 1404 Pownall A. 1860 300 with Lakenham, V. 2079 200

NONCONFORMISTS.

_Baptist_. Acc. Rev. Geo. Gould St. Mary’s Chapel 900 Rev. Thos. Foston St. Clement’s Chapel 900 Rev. R. B. Clare Priory Yard Chapel 400 Rev. C. H. Hosken Gildencroft Chapel 500 Rev. W. Hawkins Cherry Lane Chapel 250 Rev. J. Brunt Orford Hill Chapel 500 Rev. R. Govett Surrey Road Chapel 1100 Rev. H. Trevor Pottergate Street 100 Chapel _Independent_. Rev. J. Hallett Old Meeting Chapel 700 Rev. Philip Colborne Chapel in the Field 900 Rev. G. S. Barrett Prince’s Street 1000 Chapel _Countess of Huntingdon’s Connexion_. Rev. Burford Hooke The Tabernacle Chapel 1000 Rev. J. J. J. Kempster Dereham Road Chapel 100 _Wesleyan Methodist_. Rev. Hugh Jones Lady’s Lane Chapel 1000

Rev. Wesley Butters

Rev. George Boggis _Methodist Free Church_. Rev. J. Schofield Calvert Street and 1200 New City Chapel Rev. R. Abercrombie, M.A. 900 _Primitive Methodist_. Rev. J. Scott St. Catherine’s Plain 600 Chapel Rev. R. Betts Cowgate Street Chapel 300 Rev. B. Bell Dereham Road Chapel 700 _Free Church_. Rev. J. Crompton Dutch Church 600 _Unitarian_. Rev. J. D. H. Smyth Octagon Chapel 750 _Presbyterian_. Rev. W. A. Mc Allan St. Peter’s Hall 800 _Catholic Apostolic Church_. Rev. A. Inglis, B.A. Clement Court, 200 Redwell Street _Roman Catholics_. Rev. P. Costello / Rev. R. Sumner Willow Lane Chapel 400 Rev. Canon Dalton St. John’s Chapel 600 _Jews_. Rev. S. Caro The Synagogue, St. 150 Faith’s Lane