A boy in the Peninsular War

CHAPTER XXXI.

Chapter 367,530 wordsPublic domain

I MAKE MY BOW.

Disappointed in all my well-founded hopes, for such I thought them, I departed to rejoin my regiment at Malta. Landing at Calais, I proceeded to Paris and thence continued my route to Marseilles. On the day we arrived at Avignon, where a large garrison was stationed, it happened that the commandant dined at the _table d’hôte_. I sat opposite to him, conversing with a young Spanish nobleman attached to the Spanish Embassy at the British Court, who took this route to return to Spain. Having met him in the diligence, I had soon discovered him to be a Spaniard, and in his language our discourse was maintained. During dinner the Peninsular campaigns became the topic of general conversation, in which I joined with the commandant, whom I soon recognised as an old opponent. He did not recognise me. Nine years had elapsed since our last meeting; he saw me walking lame into the room; and I was in mailcoach trim. Having with apparent carelessness asked him if he knew the Prince Prosper d’Arenberg, he answered in the affirmative, and that they were particular friends. He added that they were both taken prisoners in the same action. He then asked if I had been in Spain during the period of the campaigns. I said yes, when he remarked that perhaps I was in the Spanish Service. I told him that then, as well as now, I served in the British army. He asked if I were an Englishman; and when I said yes, he remarked in that complimentary strain peculiar to well-bred Frenchmen, that one rarely meets an individual speaking the languages of three different nations and with such exactness as to pass for a native of each. The Spanish _attaché_, not to be second in courtesy, attested the justice of the assertion so far as it related to Spanish, declaring that until that moment he took me for his countryman. The commandant then broke into the Spanish language, which, to say the truth, he spoke far from well; nor did I ever meet a Frenchman who could speak it without causing a smile from his auditors. Continuing his broken and ill-pronounced Spanish, at which the _attaché_ smiled and looked at me, the commandant said that he spoke in that language because he had taken me for a Spaniard, on which I replied that for a similar reason I spoke to him in French. He instantly fixed his eye on my countenance; he was beginning to recognise me. He then quickly asked me if I knew Lord Hill; and where I first became acquainted with Prince Prosper. I told him that I had the honour of knowing his lordship, and that my first acquaintance with the prince was at Arroyo Molinos in Spain. His eyes now opened wide and with apparent emotion he asked if he might take the liberty of asking my name, which I had no sooner mentioned than, starting from his chair and striding round to where I sat, to the no small astonishment of all present, he embraced me warmly, saying that he would not kiss me, for he had not forgotten Lisbon. He now presented me to the whole company, which was numerous, as the British officer who made him prisoner, and whom he had so often mentioned as a “grand petit diable.” He went on to tell how he was made prisoner; but this I decline to repeat, as it was rather too florid in description and too flattering to me. I will put it briefly and in plainer words.

[Sidenote: MY FORMER PRISONER.]

It may be remembered that in the action of Arroyo Molinos, on October 28th, 1811, I jumped over the wall, through a breach in which the head of the French column had passed and the rest were following. Before my leap I had noticed a martial figure nobly mounted, evidently the chief of a corps, leading on the French 40th Regiment of the line. He was not more than five or six paces from the breach, while I was from ten to twelve yards from it. Perceiving that he must pass through before I could come up, wild with excitement and conscious also that the commanding general was looking on, I rode at the wall, and having cleared it instantly turned round to the breach into which Colonel Voirol had just entered and was passing through. We met face to face and instantly commenced a martial duet. We were both superbly mounted, but the rocky nature of the ground was such that our horses were totally unmanageable. We soon fell, or rather dragged each other to the ground, when, true to the immutable laws of nature, I as the lighter and more trivial remained uppermost. On falling, I must instantly have been forked to death by the many Frenchmen around me; but all were too intent on flight to look to others, and immediately after Voirol and I came to the ground the most advanced soldiers of the 28th and 34th Light Companies charged through the opening in the wall, as I have before described. General Howard (now Lord Howard of Effingham) coming up, I said, “General, here is a colonel for you; take him in charge. I cannot stop; I must go on with the light bobs.” In the encounter I had received a blow on the head, which knocked off my cap and set it rolling down the rocks. I pushed on bareheaded till I picked up a French foraging cap. After we returned in the evening from the pursuit of the fugitives, I found both my horse and cap. This was the scuffle which I mentioned in describing the battle; and I now detail the circumstances, because my captive now supported my story, which critics might pronounce absurd, of an individual scuffling with a whole column.

The commandant, Colonel Voirol, was as fine, upright and soldierlike a person as could be seen, measuring upwards of six feet in height and proportionally well built in every respect. His antagonist of Arroyo Molinos, besides being of slight figure, was beneath the colonel in stature by some inches; therefore it was perhaps that during his description of the manner in which he was made prisoner, he was scanned with dubious glance by all. The natives of France look with a very jealous eye upon any foreigner whose martial prowess is put in competition with that of the “Grande Nation Militaire.” This feeling was still more apparent among the ladies, of whom there were many present; for the women of France feel if possible more enthusiastic for military greatness than even the men; and comparing battles with what they read of tournaments in romances, fancy that tall and robust figures must be invulnerable against any of slighter mould. But Voirol’s gallantry was too well established in the French Army to suffer from the misconception of _table d’hôte_ critics.

My gallant old friend cordially pressed me to remain with him for at least a few days; but as I was travelling by diligence and my leave already expired, I felt compelled to decline his hospitality; and I determined to depart after dinner, not having time even to visit the hallowed shrine where Petrarch mourned in pathetic numbers his incredible love for the wrinkled old wife of another. But poetry must have some object, real or ideal, in view to keep excitement continually on the stretch. The hour of departure being announced by the _conducteur_, the commandant accompanied me to the door of the diligence, and again cordially shaking hands I departed for Marseilles, where I embarked for that military hotbed, Malta.

Some time after my arrival I was visited by a most severe attack of ophthalmia. My right eye became more like a ball of fire than an organ of vision; the dreadful pain in my head entirely banished sleep for so long a period that I dread to mention it. I heard the clock of St. John’s Church strike every hour and half hour, day and night, for a period of two months. I was bled, blistered and physicked to the last extremity, and bathed in warm baths until I often fainted from weakness; in addition to this, I had one hundred and ninety-five leeches applied inside and outside the eyelids. However, through a strong natural constitution I recovered; and by the unremitting care of Staff-surgeon Lindsay and Assistant Staff-surgeon Kennedy, who attended me, the ball of the eye was preserved, but its vision was lost. In consequence of this loss His Majesty was graciously pleased to grant me a pension.

[Sidenote: A PENSION GRANTED AND WITHDRAWN.]

In 1822 the regiment was removed to the Ionian Islands; having remained there until 1826 we were ordered home; and on arriving in England we moved into Lancashire. Soon after this the regiment was ordered to Ireland, and landed at Dublin, where we did garrison duty for some time.

At this time I was directed to appear before the General Medical Board, to have, as I supposed, the pension granted me for the loss of vision confirmed; but to my utter surprise it was discontinued, although the Medical Board, as also the certificate of Doctor Guthrie, the medical gentleman employed by Government in similar cases, attested the loss of useful vision. Upon my waiting on the Secretary of War, I was given to understand that the Government had decided that no pensions should henceforth be granted for the loss of limb or other injury, except for actual wounds in the field. It is true that I had received neither a bayonet wound nor musket-ball in the eye; but as a proof of the correctness of Doctor Guthrie’s testimony, to this day (fourteen years since the injury took place) I am obliged, to enable me to see clearly with the left or sound eye, to close the defective one. But the Secretary of War may have fallen into error in giving his reasons for depriving me of the pension; for persons were indicated to me who continued to receive pensions for injuries, though they were never wounded in their lives. However, I would not quote names, lest in so doing, for the purpose of strengthening my own claims, I might endanger the interests of others.

The withdrawal of the pension disconcerted me much; for fully relying on the royal grant being as permanent as the injury for which it was made, I had married a Venetian lady of the famous family of Balbi. The pension I had looked upon as some remuneration for my long and arduous services.

Besides what I considered the injustice shown towards me throughout, there were other considerations which powerfully wrought on my feelings and rendered my position extremely irksome. I mounted the castle guard in Dublin as lieutenant in 1805; and now in 1828, after three and twenty years, I mounted the same guard as captain only. This was known and remarked by many friends and acquaintances; it was known too that in the brilliant campaigns which took place in the interim I had been present and serving in two distinguished corps; and I discovered, or fancied I discovered, something bordering on doubt as to my military character in the countenances of all who regarded me. To account for my non-advancement, or remove the doubts consequently entertained, was out of my power. Decorum prevented my entering into detail of my own services. To speak frankly, I was ashamed of my slender rank after such a length of service; yet in conscience I could not accuse myself as the cause.

[Sidenote: A VETERAN AT THE GOOSE-STEP.]

But my severest ordeal was yet to come; and to support this all my philosophy and long-tried patience were insufficient. After remaining some time in Dublin the regiment was ordered to Mullingar; and here, as it would appear, my second childhood commenced. I was compelled to fall in with a squad composed of young officers, who for the most part entered the Service many years after H.R.H. the Commander-in-chief had noted my name for a majority, and with soldiers who knew not yet how to shoulder their firelocks. In this respectable company I was condemned to be taught how to march--a branch of military tuition from which I had considered myself emancipated at least twenty years before. In this ordeal I was chased through the barrack square by an ignorant disciple of Euclid, commonly called a dress sergeant, armed with a colossal pair of widely yawning compasses. This scrutiny of my steps after I had carried a musket-ball in my leg for fourteen years; after I had marched as a boy in one of the most distinguished regiments in the Service from Lisbon to Corunna, under the best drill and strictest disciplinarian in the army, Sir John Moore; after I had crossed and re-crossed Spain and Portugal in different directions without the mathematical precision of my paces having ever been found fault with;--after all this, and after twenty-four years’ service, to be brought up by a pair of compasses in the barrack square of Mullingar was an indignity which I imagine that human nature in its most subservient state could not, nay, should not willingly submit to. Disgusted by this Mullingar ordeal, which might be repeated again and again _for the good of the Service_, I formed the determination of immediately retiring from that Service. Add to this contemptuous treatment of old officers the suppression of the old-established institutions of the corps; the celebration of such martial _fêtes_ as the anniversary of the battles of Salamanca, Nivelle and Toulouse. Those were days upon which it was the custom of the regiment that all the men should wear the laurel, all the officers, whether married or single, should dine at the mess-table and guests be invited, thus giving an opportunity for those tales of war which transmit a noble martial feeling into the glowing breast of the aspiring young warrior who burns to prove the temper of his steel. Sentiments such as these glowed in the breasts of the young boys who joined the 28th Regiment in 1803, 1804, and 1805, while with suppressed breathing we rapturously listened to the old officers who lately returned from Egypt told of the gallant feats of arms they witnessed and shared, and so inspired us that our heated imaginations pictured soldiers in fight as of more than mortal size, and we longed “to follow to the field some warlike chief” to lead the way to glory.

[Sidenote: OLD DAYS OF GLORY.]

In the 28th Regiment the anniversaries of the battles in which the corps had served were strictly observed as days of jubilee and proud recollection. The month of March in particular was one of revelry in commemorating the battles fought in Egypt on the 8th, 13th and 21st. The 17th, the Feast of St. Patrick, was not forgotten; and to these was subsequently added the 5th, the anniversary of the celebrated battle of Barossa; so that in March we had five days of celebration, which filled our hearts with joy and on the following day our head with aches. The inspiring war-cry, “Remember Egypt!” was after the return from that country always used when leading into action. The regiment may now use the names of many other places wherein they fought and distinguished themselves; but I doubt if the mention of any subsequent battle will act so powerfully on the minds of the men as the soul-stirring words, “Remember Egypt!” and “The backplates!”

Why this war against old officers and long-established institutions? On the return of the victorious army from the Peninsula and later from France, a crowd of Green Park martinets rushed into the Service, who, looking upon any distinction gained by others as a reflection on themselves, seemed to be stimulated by sentiments like those of the Chinese emperor, who destroyed all existing records in the hope that he might be considered as the first who had reigned.

On the return of the regiment to Dublin, I, in pursuance of my determination to retire, procured twelve months’ leave of absence to proceed to the Island of Corfu; but previous to leaving England I made a last effort at the Horse Guards. In an interview with Lord Hill, finding there was no prospect of promotion, I took the liberty of telling his lordship that it was not my intention ever again to return to perform the duties of captain. His lordship remarked that he did not see how that could be, as officers on procuring leave of absence were required to sign a declaration that they would neither exchange nor resign before rejoining their regiments. I told his lordship that I should find out a remedy; and on an explanation being demanded, I said that I should forego my year’s leave and send in my resignation immediately. Upon this, his lordship with that kindness and feeling which endeared him to all, and which gained him the title of “Our father” from every soldier in the 2nd Division of Lord Wellington’s army, a title more honourable than all the well-earned brilliant stars which decorated his breast, recommended me not to be too precipitate. I could not avoid remarking that his lordship could hardly accuse me of precipitancy when I had waited for promotion which had been put off from time to time for fourteen years, and at the expiration even of that extraordinary length of time His Royal Highness’s pledge still remained unredeemed. Lord Hill declared that he could never pay the Duke of York’s legacies. I told his lordship that I resigned all claim to the legacy, and rested my claims on their own merits, upon which the General-in-chief desired me to write to him, and he would see what he could do for me. In consequence of this favourable omen I wrote to his lordship, enclosing a copy of my memorial presented to the Duke of York in 1814, together with the testimonials which accompanied it. To this letter I received a renewal of the old statement, that I was still noted for promotion on a favourable opportunity; and so I became fully convinced of the truth that deep scars, fractured bones and the strongest testimonials were of no avail unless bolstered by other support. I hesitated no longer; and although senior captain of my regiment I renounced my year’s leave of absence and immediately forwarded my resignation.

[Sidenote: UNEQUAL FORTUNE.]

Thus the author of these Memoirs left the Army. He served at the siege and capture of Copenhagen; he was for twelve days in constant fight during Sir John Moore’s retreat to Corunna, and at the end of this campaign he fought at the battle of Corunna in that division of the army who drove the whole of the enemy’s cavalry off the field and turned his left wing; he was for more than twelve months at Tarifa continually engaged with the enemy’s foraging detachments, and he was in both attacks on the strong post of Casa Vieja; he served in the ever memorable battle of Barossa in that flank battalion (to use the words of Lord Lynedoch) “which so greatly distinguished itself in the action”; he served in the action of Arroyo Molinos, and he was present at the siege and storming of Badajoz, where valour’s self might stand appalled; he served through the Pyrenees as a volunteer, where more continued hard fighting occurred than elsewhere throughout the whole Peninsula campaigns, and finally fought in the great battle of the Nivelle, in which he had a leg shattered. Innumerable skirmishes in which he was engaged and in which light companies are so frequently employed need not be mentioned. Of his conduct in these many actions the testimonials of commanding officers and colonels of regiments are a sufficient witness. And yet after serving for a quarter of a century, with feelings harassed by neglect and petty vexations, he felt himself driven to retire, and that without the slightest badge or mark of military service save those indelibly imprinted by the searching weapons of the more considerate foe. Whether he has been dealt with as might be expected from a liberal, just and great nation is a question humbly submitted to his Sovereign and his country.

INDEX.

Abbot, a stingy, 41

Abercrombie, Lieut.-Col., 213, 214, 222, 223, 232, 239, 258

Abrantes, 244

Adams, Drummer, 192, 193

Ainhoa, redoubts of, 317

Alaejos, 31

Alba de Tormes, 30

Albuera, 258; losses of the 28th Regiment at, 214.

Albuquerque, 215, 239, 255

Alcalá de los Gazules, 153, 157, 164

Alcuescar, 216, 221; fidelity of the Spaniards at, 235

Alemtejo, 30, 213

Alexander, the Emperor, 338

Algesiras, 135, 137, 141, 169

Aliseda, 215

Allen, Capt., 145

Almanza Creek, 198

Almeida, 279

Almendralejo, 256

Andalusia, 152

Anderson, Col., 122

Anderson, Lieut., 205

Andrée, Col., 231

Anglona, the Prince of, 177

Anstruther, Gen., 31

Antwerp, Fouché throws an army into, 131

Army, a partial remodelling of the 31

Arnot, Major, 286, 287

Arroyo de Puerco, 215

Arroyo Molinos, 216, 233, 360, 361; battle of, 224-232; fidelity of the Spaniards at, 235, 236

Ashurst, Lieut.-Col., 225

Astorga, 43; march into, 44; departure from, 47; report that Napoleon had entered, 64, 65

Atchison, Mrs., 333, 334

Ayamonte, 245

Aylmer, Lord, 307; his brigade, 308

Badajoz, 259; the Duke of Dalmatia ordered to reduce, 152; siege of, 260-280; horrors of the storming, 272-276; a trophy from, 277; losses of the British at, 278

Bailey, Lieut., 216, 217

Baird, Gen. Sir David, wounded, 122; at Nogales, 61; at Corunna, 113, 115, 116; his corps, 32, 37, 49, 65

Balbi, Signorina, 364

Ballesteros, defeat of, 244

Bandon, 330

Bantry Bay, 329

Barbate, the River, 154, 156, 158, 166

Barnard, Lieut.-Col., 193, 262

Barossa, 35; battle of, 42, 189-200; critical position of the British troops at, 202, 203

Barossa Hill, 187, 209; tower and ridge of, 183

Bastan, 315

Bath, Lieut.-Col., 193

Bathurst, Lord, 144

Batz, Fort, captured by the British, 131

Bayonne, arrival of the Duke of Dalmatia at, 296

Beguines, Gen., 163, 167, 183, 184, 196, 197; ordered to attack Medina Sidonia, 153; captures Medina, 159; retires from it, 164

Belcher, Lieut., 135, 136

Belem, 252, 281

Belnevis, Col., 286, 287

Belson, Col., 150, 169, 171, 194, 205, 214, 258

Bembibre, 48, 49

Benevente, 37, 39; confusion in, 40; evacuated by the rearguard of the reserve, 44; degrading scenes at, 49, 50

Bennet, Capt., 68

Bennet, Lieut., 204, 205

Berasin, the Heights of, 300

Beresford, Marshal, 246

Bermeja Castle, 181, 183, 184, 186

Bernadotte declines to surrender the French fleet, 131

Berri, the Duc de, 336

Betanzos, 90, 93, 96, 98; crossing the bridge of, 94; occupied by the French, 99

Beverley, Lord, 253

Bidassoa, the Lower, 308, 311; Soult’s positions on, carried, 309

Biscay, a privateer in the Bay of, 286, 287

Blakeney of Abbert, Mrs., 277

Blakeney, Robert, appointed to an ensigncy in the 28th Regiment, 1; promoted, 2; ordered to Exeter, 2; at Colchester and Harwich, 6; serves in the Danish campaign, 6-13; ordered to Sweden, 14; sails for the Peninsula, 17; has a narrow escape, 97; chased by a French patrol, 134; his share of salvage-money, 139; thanked in public orders, 140; employed in carrying despatches, 141, 144, 146, 167; Col. Browne promises to present him to Gen. Graham, 201; wounded, 204; recommended to Gen. Graham, 206; goes to Cadiz, 206; appointed to the command of a battalion company, 214; ordered to take Prince d’Arenberg to Lisbon, 233; joins his regiment at Albuquerque, 255; gazetted to a company in the 36th Regiment, 255; bids adieu to the 28th Regiment, 258; goes to Lisbon, 281; joins his regiment at Lewes, 285; transferred to the battalion in the Peninsula, 286; wounded at the battle of the Nivelle, 319; travels in a hearse, 329, 330; waits on Sir Henry Torrens, 331; sets out for Paris, 333; applies for a staff appointment in the army of Belgium, 336; visits Brussels, 345; copies of recommendations in his favour, 353-356; has ophthalmia at Malta, 363; married, 364; retires from the army, 367, 368; his services, 368, 369

Blakeney, Sir Edward, 243

Blood, Serg., 300

Bowes, Gen., 147, 148, 259; wounded at Badajoz, 266

Bowles, Capt., 154, 164; his company, 163

Bradby, Capt., 109

Bradley, Capt., 204

Bristol Channel, wrecks in the, 4

_Britannia_, the brig, 2

Browne, Major (afterwards Col.), 86, 129, 133, 135-137, 140, 146, 150, 151, 154-156, 158, 159, 167, 170, 206, 240, 258, 331; appointed Lieut.-Gov. of Tarifa, 144; employs the Tarifa Volunteers, 145; ordered to attack Casa Vieja, 153; ordered back to Tarifa, 160; to occupy the western point of Barossa, 183-188; at the battle of Barossa, 189-202

Bryan, Capt., 330

Buchan, Col., 244

Bunbury, Mr., 4.

Burke, Sir John, of Glenesk, 333

Burrard, Sir Harry, 20

Burrows, Capt., 2; his incapacity, 3

Bury, Lord, 333-336

Busshe, Major, 226

Caceres, 215, 236

Cadell, Ensign Charles (afterwards Lieut.-Col.), 2, 84, 205

Cadiz, 152, 163, 167; sortie from, 168, 169

Cadoval, Palace of the Duc de, 244

Calcabellos, 49, 51, 52, 54, 57; encounter at, 58, 59

Calvert, Capt. (afterwards Lieut.-Col.), 42, 186, 191, 206

Cambarros, 47

Cameron, Capt., 103, 104; his company, 102

Cameron, Col., 311

Campbell, Gen., 133, 137, 147, 149, 153, 169, 299

Campbell, Sir Guy, 150

Car, Dr., 326

Carlos d’Espana, Don, 297

Carrion, the, 33, 34, 35

Casa di Santillana, 215

Casa Vieja, Col. Browne to attack, 153, 154; La Peña’s move towards, 177

Castanos, Gen., 235

Castello Branco, 279

Castletown, 329

Castro Gonzolo, destruction of the bridge of, 37, 41

Castro Nuevo, headquarters at, 32

Cathcart, Lord, 2, 8

Cattegat, capture of a Danish frigate in the, 7

Cerro de Puerco Ridge, the, 182, 183

Ceuta, 208

Charles V. and the Spanish language, 28

Charles XII. of Sweden, 8

Chatham, the Earl of, 127; returns from Holland, 131

Chiclana, 163, 180, 182, 198; Marshal Victor’s advance from, 184, 186

Chiclana wood, the, 193

Cintra, the Convention of, 20

Ciudad Rodrigo, 28, 279

Clarke, Mrs., 330

Clauzel’s Division, 298

Clinton, Sir H., 316, 323

Colbert, Gen., 59; failure of his charge, 61

Colchester, 6, 14, 127, 128, 133

Coldstream Guards, the, 130; defend Fort Batz, 131

Cole, Gen., 296, 297, 298

Colthurst, Capt., 341

Colville, Maj.-Gen., the Hon. C., 262, 307

Combemartin, 3, 4, 5

_Comus_, H.M.S., 7

Cone, Capt., 330

“Confidential Reports,” 240-242

Congreve rockets, 10

Connaught Rangers, the, 268

Constantino, 81, 82

Coote, Sir Eyre, 1

Copenhagen, fall of, 11, 12, 13

Cork, arrival at, 331

Corunna, a movement to decided upon, 36; retreat to, 31-100; arrival at, 102; the reserve falls into position with the army at, 110; arrival of transports at, 111; conduct of the inhabitants of, 112; preparations for embarkation at, 114; battle of, 114-123; embarkation of the British army at, 118, 124

Creçy, 343

Craufurd, Gen. Robert, 37, 39

Croix des Bouquets, the, 311

Cross, Col., 331

Cuesta, Gen., incapacity of, 168

Curragh of Kildare, the, 2; an episode at, 148, 149

Curry, Capt. and Mrs., 214

Curry, Col., 227

Dacres, Doctor, 91

Dalmatia, the Duke of, 31; ordered to Estremadura, 152; in command of the French army in Spain, 296. (_See also_ Soult)

Dalrymple, Sir Hugh, 20

Danish Campaign, the, 7

Danish frigate, capture of a, 7

D’Arenberg, Col. Prince, 231, 333, 345; conducted to Lisbon, 233, 244-253

D’Arenberg, Prince Pierre, 238, 244

D’Arenberg, the Duke, 345-351

Deal, 128

Debelle, Gen., 32

D’Echiparre, Don Martin, 327, 328

Denmark, the Royal Princesses of, 9

D’Erlon, Count, 298, 299, 310; his corps in the Pyrenees, 307; reviewed by Soult, 309

Desnouettes, Gen. Lefèbre, 43, 44

Diego, Don, 220

Dikes’ Brigade, Gen., 191

Dikes, Gen., 193, 194

Disney, Gen., 31, 105

Douglas, Col. Sir James, 286, 287, 289, 309, 310

Dover, 128

Downy, Mr. Commissary, 226

D’Oyly, Capt., 105

Drunkenness, prevalence of, 54

Duncan, Major, 193, 196, 197

Dunmanway, 330

Durque, Don Favian, 205

Ebro, the, 294

Echallar, 300

8th French Regiment, the, 193

18th Dragoons, the, 32

82nd Regiment, the, 170, 179, 305

87th Regiment, the, 193

El-Burgo, arrival of the reserve at, 101; ordered to evacuate, 105

El-Burgo, bridge of, 99; destruction of, 101; repaired by the enemy, 110

Elliot, Sir William, 333

Elopement, a projected, 291

Elsinore Castle, 6

Elvina, 115, 118, 120, 121; death of Sir John Moore at, 116

Enghien, 346, 347, 348

English, Lieut., 109

Erskine, Sir William, 225

Esla, the River, 37, 38; forded by the enemy’s cavalry, 43

Espeletta, 309

Estremadura, 30, 214

Exeter, two Spaniards at, 125, 126

Farrel, Serg., 171

Fascinas, 154, 164

5th Regiment, the, 24

15th Hussars, the, 32, 33

50th Regiment, the, charge of at Elvina, 121; at Arroyo Molinos, 224, 225

52nd Regiment, the, 31; at Benevente, 41; at Calcabellos, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62; on the retreat to Corunna, 100; at Corunna, 115, 117

Figueira, landing at, 17

Fitzroy, Lord Charles, 257

Florinda, 207

Flushing, siege of, 130; capitulation of, 131

Fontarabia, 308

Fontebro, 293

41st Regiment, the, 133

42nd Regiment, the, at Elvina 121

47th Regiment, the, 137

Fouché throws an army into Antwerp, 131

4th Regiment. (_See_ King’s Own)

14th Regiment, the, 115, 118

Foy’s division, 306

Franceschi, Gen., 32; his light cavalry, 94; at Corunna, 113, 115

Francis, the Emperor, 338

Franklin, Dr., 326

Fraser, Gen., advance of his division on Astorga, 43; position of at Corunna, 113, 115, 117

Frederiksborg, 10

French 5th Corps, the, 214

Fuentes de Oñoro, march into, 26, 28

_Fury Bomb_, the ship, 14

Gallegos, 80

Gambier, Admiral, 8

General Medical Board, the, 326, 363

Gerard, Gen., 214, 216, 228, 229, 230, 236; loss of his corps at Arroyo Molinos, 231

German Hussars, the, 177, 178, 197, 226

Gibraltar, 133,205; Lieut. Blakeney sent to, with despatches, 141, 144, 146, 167

Gibson, Capt., 15

Girlston, Capt., 330

Giron, Gen., 217, 312

Godwin, Capt., 146

Gomm, Capt., 96

Gonzolo Bridge, the, destruction of the, 37, 41

Gore, Capt., 226

Gottenborg harbour, 15

Gough, Major, 193

Gozzo, the Island of, 216

Graham, Gen., 177, 178, 179; in command of the British troops at Cadiz, 152; directs operations from Tarifa, 153, 160; advocates a sortie from Cadiz, 167; gives up the command to his ally, 168; sails from Cadiz, 169; at Tarifa, 170-172; his advice disregarded by Gen. La Peña, 180; his preparations for the battle of Barossa, 183-188; at the battle, 189-200; his orders after the battle, 202

Graham, Surg., 325

Grajal del Campo, 33, 34, 35, 36

Grenadiers, the, 77, 97, 98

Grimelle, the Marquis de, 350

Guadiana, the, 214, 256, 261, 271

Guarda, 22, 24, 26

Guards, the Brigade of, 86, 121, 190, 191, 194, 195, 197, 307

Guia, the River, 56, 57, 61

Gustavus of Sweden, 16

Guthrie, Dr., 364

Halket’s Light Germans, 311

Hamilton, Gen., 216, 217, 323; his division at Badajoz, 261

Harwich, 6, 14

Havelock, Lieut., 312

Herrerias, 64, 66, 68, 69

Hill, Capt. Clement, 221

Hill, Gen. Lord, 215, 216, 217, 221, 227, 229, 233, 255, 256, 257, 298, 299, 300, 367, 368; his corps, 302

Hill, Lieut., 104

Hill, Sir Rowland, 315

Holland, expedition to, 129; mortality of the British troops in, 132

Hope, Capt., 196

Hope, Gen. Sir John, 30, 37, 119, 214; advance of his division on Astorga, 43; position of his division at Corunna, 113, 115; commands the expedition to Holland, 129, 130

Howard, Gen. (afterwards Lord Howard of Effingham), 361

Howard’s Brigade, Maj.-Gen., 224

Huarte, 297, 298

Huddleston, Lieut., 220, 259, 275, 276

Huelva, the River, 29

Hughes, Corporal, 233

Humlebek, 8

Hunt, Capt. A., R.A., 181

Ilfracombe, 3, 5

Isla de Leon, 181; Gen. Graham proposes a sortie from, 153; Gen. Beginnes’ anxiety about, 159; the sortie postponed, 160; entrance of the British General into, after Barossa, 200

Johnson, Assist.-Surg., 161, 162

Johnson, Col., 150, 151

Johnson, Robert, 2; killed, 266

Joseph Bonaparte, 296

Julian, Count, 207

Keats, Sir Richard, 128, 129, 130, 140, 153, 160

Kemp’s Brigade, Gen., 312

Kennedy, Surg., 363

Kent, H.R.H. the Duke of, 253, 351, 356

_King Charles_, the, 8

King’s Own Regiment, the, 18, 81, 115; Sir John Moore’s approval of their action at Corunna, 120; embark for Gibraltar, 133; at Ceuta, 208

Kinsale, 1

Labaneza, 44

Laborde, Gen., 112; his division join main French army off Corunna, 111; at Corunna, 115

Lacy, Adj.-Gen., 183

Lallemande, the Generals, 335

Lamartiniere’s division, Gen., 305

Lanz, valley of, 297, 298

La Peña, Gen., 169, 177, 181, 198, 199; sluggishness of, 152, 153; obstinacy of, 168; arrives off Tarifa, 175; distrusted by the British, 179; disregards Gen. Graham’s advice, 180, 183; his retreat from Medina, 182

Lardizabal, Gen., 177, 182

Laval, Gen., 193, 194

Lavens, Surg., 326

_Lavinia_ frigate, the, 129, 130, 131

Le Brun, Gen., 231, 248-252

Leggatt, Major (afterwards Col.), 286, 287, 309

Leith, Maj.-Gen., Sir James, 245, 246, 262, 269

Leon, 36

L’Estrange, Lieut., 319, 322

Lewes, 333

Light, Lieut., 161, 204, 205

Lindsay, Surg., 363

Lisbon, 208, 209, 233, 244-253, 281; an amusing scene at, 282, 290

Lizasso, 300

Llerena, arrival of Soult at, 279

Lloyd, Col., 317

Loftus, Capt., 147

Long, Gen., 257

Lorge’s Dragoons, 115

Los Ayres, 114, 115

“Louis XIV.” Mountain, 306

Louis XVIII., 342, 343

Love, Lieut., 41, 42

Lugo, march to, 85; the British army in position at, 86; retreat from, 88

Lundy Island, 2

Lynedoch, Lord, 239, 240. (_See also_ General Graham.)

McDonald, Col., 196, 197, 200, 206

M’Kenzie, Lieut.-Col., 112

McPherson, Colour Ensign, 318

Maitland, Sir Thomas, 242

Mallow, 2

Malpartida, 215

Malta, 363; “Confidential Reports” at, 241

Mancilla, 36

Marmont, Gen., in the north of Portugal, 279; retires, _ib._; his jealousy of Soult, _ib._

Matthews, Staff-Surg., 325, 326

Maya Pass, the, 296, 302, 306, 315

Mayorga, 33, 37

Meacham, Capt., 144, 166

“Meacham’s Blind Nuts,” 144, 145, 157

Medina Sidonia, 153, 155, 158, 179, 181; captured by Gen. Beguines, 159; captured by the French, 164; La Peña’s retreat from, 182

Merida, 215, 225, 256, 258; the affair of, 257

Merle, Gen., 62; loss sustained by his division, 64

Mero, the, 101, 113, 118

Mitchell, Lieut., 137, 154, 165

Mole, Col., 147

Mon Cœur redoubt, the, 262

Mondego, the, 17

Monkstown, 2

Monte Orgullo, 305

Montgomery, Ensign, 318, 322

Moore, Lieut., 204

Moore, Sir John, 14, 115; placed under arrest by the King of Sweden, 16; reaches the British fleet, 16; receives news of Sir A. Wellesley’s victory at Rolica, 17; appointed commander of the forces, 20; his address to his officers and men, 21; relations with his officers, 25, 26; true cause of his retreat, 36; complains of the want of discipline, 52; his views on Gen. Paget’s position at Calcabellos, 60, 61; retires before Soult, 87; issues an order censuring the want of discipline, 87; directing operations in person, 101; at Corunna, 111, 112, 116; death of, 116; effect of his death, 119; character and bearing, 120; circumstances of his death, 121-123; outcry against in England, 125; his knowledge of the Spanish character, 169

Moors, the, 207

Morillo, Gen., 231, 300

Morillo’s Spanish Infantry, 224

Mullingar, 365, 366

Mullins, Capt., 204

Murgeon, Gen. Cruz, 183, 184; his part in the battle of Barossa, 199, 200

Napier, Major, 121

Napoleon, marching from Madrid, 36; celerity of his movements, 38; his dictum at Waterloo, 63; reported to have entered Astorga, 64, 65; his idea of zeal, 245; news of his escape and return to Paris, 334

Neufchâtel, Prince of, an intercepted despatch from the, 31

Ney, Marshal, execution of, 341, 342

Nichols, Col., recaptures Palavia Abaxo, 115

9th Dragoons, the, 226

9th Regiment, the, 133, 170, 191, 203, 204, 311; marched into Badajoz, 277

91st Regiment, the, 31, 100

92nd Regiment, the, 224, 225

95th (Rifles) Regiment, the, 31, 53, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 69, 82, 83, 84, 100, 102, 103, 115, 117

Nivelle, crossing the, 317; battle of, 318-321; French losses at, 322

Nogales, 61, 67; arrival at, 70, 75

Northcote, Major, 196

Oats, Private, 97, 98

O’Brien, Serg., 172

O’Callaghan, Maj.-Gen. Sir William, 337

O’Donnel, Gen., 297, 298

O’Donoghue, Capt., 137

Officers, claims of, 332

Olivenza, the Duke of Dalmatia ordered to reduce, 152

Oricain, 297

Paget, Gen., 31, 35, 76, 77, 80, 91, 95, 100, 101; censures the conduct of the troops, 53, 54, 55, 56; his position at Calcabellos, 57, 60; his encounter with a paymaster, 78, 79; strict orders of, 88; orders the reserve to evacuate El-Burgo, 106, 107; his connection with the 28th Regiment, 109, 110; at Corunna, 115, 116; Sir John Moore’s testimonial to his character, 123; his services unnoticed in England, 125

Paget, Lord, 32, 33, 37, 43, 48

Palavia Abaxo, skirmish at, 112; taken by Gen. Laborde, 115; retaken by Col. Nichols, _ib._, 118

Pampeluna, 295, 296, 303, 314; sortie from, 297; surrender of, 315

Panniers, battle of the, 91

Pardaleras, the, 262

Paris, the Grand Review in, 337-341

Parsonstown, 2

Patten, Capt., 286

Patterson, Col., 258

Peniche, the roadstead of, 18

Peninsula, the first day’s march in the, 19

Percy, Capt., 253

Phillipon at Badajoz, 260; surrenders, 271

Picton, Gen., 259, 262, 263, 267, 268, 269, 297; his retreat at Pampeluna, 302

Picurina redoubt, capture of the, 261

Plunder, articles of, 92

Plymouth, 124

Ponsonby, Col., 197, 199, 206

Portalegre, 214, 215, 238, 244

Portsmouth, 14, 124, 133, 344

Portugal, rainy season in, 24

Portuguese and Spanish, contrast between, 27

Portuguese sharpers, 209

Potter, Lieut., 229

Powder, a great explosion of, 111

Power, Brig.-Gen., 262

Power, Capt., 147

Prussia, the King of, 338

Puebla, arrival of the reserve at, 32

Puerto, 300, 312

Pyrenees, fighting in the, 296-307; losses in, 301

Queluz, the plains of, 19; break up of the British camp at, 22, 26

Queues, abolition of, 17

Reille, Gen., 305

Reserve, formation of a corps of, 31

Reynosa, 293

Rhine Mountain, the, 308

Richelieu, the Duc de, 342

Rifles, the, 196, 224, 225

Roach, “Gentleman,” 72

Roderick, the last of the Visigoth monarchs, 207

Rolica, victory of Sir A. Wellesley at, 17

Romana, the Marquis of, 35, 36, 44; his troops, 313

Roncesvalles, 295, 296, 302, 309

Ronda, 153

Rook, Col., 233

Ross, Col. (afterwards Gen.), 51, 243

Rousseau, Gen., 188; his grenadiers, 188, 191, 194, 195, 197

Royal City Regiment (of Spain) the, 177, 183

Rueda, surprise of the enemy’s outpost at, 32

Rufin, Gen., 188, 189, 202; his division, 191, 193, 194, 195

Sahagun, 32; headquarters at, 33

S. Antonio, 216, 217

S. Cristoval, Fort, 262, 271

S. Helens, 17

S. Jean de Luz, 328, 329

_S. Juan_, H.M.S., 139, 140, 141

S. Lucia, 118

S. Marcial, 305, 309

S. Maria Bastion, the, 261, 262, 269, 273, 278

S. Martin del Rio, 28

S. Roque Ravelin, the, 260, 261

S. Sebastian, 295, 296, 303, 308; stormed, 305, 306, 307

S. Vincente, the bastion of, 268, 269

Salamanca, march to, 22; entrance into, 29; advance of the British army from, 31

Saldaña, 33

_Salsette_ frigate, the, 129

Santa Maria, 153

Santarbas, arrival of the Reserve at, 32

Santi Petri, the River, 153, 182, 183, 184

Sarre, 312

Sauroren, fight at, 300

Savage, Private, 105

Schelde, forcing the passage of the, 131

Sebastiani, Gen., 181

71st Regiment, the, 224, 225

73rd Regiment, the, 42

Seville, the Duke of Dalmatia marches from, 152

Shaw, Lieut.-Col., 337

Sierra Montanchez, the, 218, 224, 225, 226, 227, 231

Simpson, Assist.-Surg., 324, 325

6th Portuguese Regiment, the, 225

67th Regiment, the, 193

Skerrett, Col., 133

Slavin, Sir Frederick, 259

Somerset, Lord Fitzroy, 229

Soult, Marshal, 36, 308; approach of his advance guard, 38; approach of his heavy columns, 80; his arrival before Lugo, 87; his advanced guard, 94, 107; at Corunna, 112; his position, 113; dangerous situation of his army, 117; his corps advancing, 233; arrives at Llerena, 279; retires into Andalusia, 280; remodels his army, 296; at Pampeluna, 297, 298; retreats, 300; disorganised state of his army, 305; his tactics, 306; prepares for a more general action, 307; his positions on the Bidassoa carried, 309; his defence when charged with treason, 342. (_See also_ Duke of Dalmatia)

Sound, the, 6

South Beveland, the Island of, 130, 131

Spain, march of Sir John Moore’s army for, 22

Spaniards and Portuguese, contrast between, 27

Spaniards, dislike of by the British soldiers, 35; their want of good feeling towards the British, 40, 41; their character, 168, 169

Spanish door, a, 71

Spanish generals, tactics of, 182

Spanish soldiers, courage of, 311, 312

Sparks, Lieut., 185

Spithead, 17

Stanhope, Major, 121

Stewart, Lieut.-Col., 224

Stockholm, Sir John Moore at, 16

Stovin, Sir Frederick, 10, 21, 136

Stralsund, 16

Stuart, Gen., 8

Stuart, Gen. Charles, 32, 43

Stuart, Lord William, 129, 130, 131

Sullivan, Lieut., 229

Sweetland, Mr. William, 140

Tacher, Miss, 345

Tagus, crossing the, 23, 213, 252

Talavera, 35, 168

Tarifa, 207, 208, 209; march to, 133; withdrawal of the French from, 136; regiments ordered to, 137; threatened by a second attack, 146; a campaign from, 152-166; British troops sail for, 169; conviviality at, 170; arrival of Gen. La Peña off, 175; departure from, 177; return to, 205

Tarifa, the plain of, 164

Tarifa Volunteers, the, 144, 157, 158, 160

Taylor, Lieut., 28th Regiment (afterwards Capt.), 104, 330

Taylor, Lieut., 9th Regiment, 146, 147

10th Hussars, the, 32, 33, 37, 43

13th Dragoons, the, 227

30th Regiment, the, 133

34th and 39th Regiments, the, 225, 226, 233

36th Regiment, the, 256, 309, 316, 318; ordered to reinforce Wellington’s army, 337; arrives in Paris, 341; removed to the Ionian Islands, and subsequently to England and Ireland, 363

Toro, 32

Torre la Peña, 164

Torremocha, 215

Torrens, Col. Sir Henry, 239, 255, 331, 336, 337

Trafalgar Bay, 138, 180

Trinidad, Fort, 261, 262, 271, 278

“Trois Cents Corps Nobles, La Chapelle des,” 343

Trotter, Lieut., fate of, 288

Turnbull, Serg., 172

20th Portuguese Regiment, the, 193

20th Regiment, the, 31, 51, 100

28th Regiment, the, 82, 85, 100, 102; ordered to Kinsale, 1; removed to Parsonstown and the Curragh of Kildare, 2; on garrison duty in Dublin, 2; in Denmark, 6-13; ordered to Sweden, 14; go to the Peninsula, 17; with Sir A. Wellesley’s troops, 18; inspection of, 20; losses of, 24; form portion of a reserve corps, 31; a band of ventriloquists in, 45; reprimanded by Sir John Moore, 53; at Calcabellos, 57, 61; in charge of the bridge of Betanzos, 94, 95; ordered to retire from El-Burgo, 106; efficiency of during the retreat, 108, 109; return to England, 124; ordered to Holland, 127; arrival in, 129; return to the Peninsula, 133; ordered to Tarifa, 137; garrisoned at, 169; at Barossa, 188-200; their losses at Barossa, 203, 204; sail for Lisbon, 208; at Arroyo Molinos, 225-229; celebration of anniversaries in, 366

_United Service Journal, The_, 330

Valencia, 37

Valencia de Alcantara, 235, 237

Valladolid, 31, 32

Vandeleur, Gen., 335

Vejer, 154, 161, 163; capture of an English merchant vessel near, 137; retaken, 138; move of the British army towards, 179, 180

Ventriloquists, a band of, 45, 46

Vera, 306, 312

Victor, Marshal, 133, 136; result of his inactivity, 181; advances from Chiclana, 184, 186; at Barossa, 195, 196, 198, 199

Victoria, the Princess, 357

Villaba, 296

Villa Formosa, 26

Villa Franca, arrival of the Commander-in-Chief at, 52; destruction of stores at, 66; arrival of Soult at, 280

Villamur, Count Penne, 215, 226

Villapando, arrival of the reserve at, 32

Villatte’s Division, 198, 305, 306

Villavelha, the pass of, 22; bridge of boats at, 279

Villaviciosa, 213

Vimieiro, 17

Vincent, Lieut. 319, 322

Vittoria, 294, 295

Vivian, Capt., R.N., 139, 140

Voirol, Lieut.-Col., 231, 361, 362

Walcheren, the Island of, British troops land on, 130

Walker, Gen., 262; his brigade, 269

Walloon Regiment, the, 177, 183

Weir, Dr., 326

Wellesley, Sir Arthur (afterwards Lord Wellington), 17, 20, 168, 244, 256, 279, 321, 340; at Badajoz, 266, 267; his arrangements to meet Soult, 279; arrival at Pampeluna, 298; nearly captured, 300; effect of his appearance on the battlefield, 306; his successful manœuvring, 308; extract from his despatch on the battle of the Nivelle, 323

Wench, Col., 116

Wheatley, Col., 193, 194

Whittingham, Col., 177, 183 184, 185

Wilkinson, Lieut., 204

Wilmot, Capt., 22, 23, 24, 29

Wilson’s Brigade, Col., at Arroyo Molinos, 225, 229

Woodford, Lieut.-Col., 130

Yarmouth, 16

York, H.R.H. the Duke of, 239, 285, 357

Zante, the Island of, 42

Zayas, Gen., 181, 182, 198; in command at Cadiz, 169

Zubiri, the valley of, 297, 298

Printed by Hazell, Watson, & Viney, Ld., London and Aylesbury.

Transcriber’s Notes

Punctuation and spelling were made consistent when a predominant preference was found in this book; otherwise they were not changed.

Simple typographical errors were corrected; occasional unbalanced quotation marks retained.

The author often omitted commas in simple in-line lists and between adjectives.

Ambiguous hyphens at the ends of lines were retained; occurrences of inconsistent hyphenation have not been changed.

Sidenotes in this eBook originally were odd-page running headers, and have been placed between paragraphs near the pages on which they appeared. They are not always at the beginning of the subjects they summarize.

Index not checked for proper alphabetization or correct page references.

End of Project Gutenberg's A Boy in the Peninsula War, by Robert Blakeney